WHAT IS DRUG ADDICTION

An Introduction
The word Drug has been derived from a Fresh word Drogue which
means a dry herb. These are organic or inorganic substance which when
taken produces an effect on body.
When people hear the world drug addict, the words have negative feeling
and stigmas attached to them. People visualize a person who does not
care about anything including family, work or commitments except for
obtaining money to buy drugs. However, there are many people who are
drug addicts that maintain a normal functioning life.
DEFINITION OF DRUG ADDICTION
According to world health organization
Drug addiction is a State of Periodic or Chronic intoxication produced by
the repeated consumption of drug.
DEFINITION OF ADDICTION
According to George. F. Koob
Addiction is a compulsion to take a drug without control over he intake
and chronic relapse disorder.
However, there are certain misconceptions about drug addicts. Once it
was thought a person was drug addict or alcoholic only if he needed that
drug daily or if the event through some withdrawal symptoms like vomiting,

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sneezing, death etc. when the stopped using the substance. It was though
that alcoholic and drug addicts were unemployed, poor and from the inner
city. But this is not true. Many drug addicts do not experience physical
withdrawal symptoms when they stop using it. The majority of addicted
people are employed and appear to be functioning normally.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG ADDICTION

1. Loss of Control
The user cannot predict what will happen when he uses the substance.
One day he may be able to stop after one drink, or after one line of
cocaine, the next day he may not be able to control his use at all.
2. Compulsive Preoccupation
The addict spends a great deal of time thinking about the substance.
3. Continued use despite negative consequences
If drinking or drug use causes problems but one continues to do it one is
tempting addiction or is already addicted. The person has lost voluntary
control on the use of that substance.

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CAUSES OF ADDICTION
There has been a controversy over the causes of addiction. Historically it
was thought that addiction was caused by
13 Lack of willpower
14 Poverty
15 Moral weakness
16 Mental illness
17 Genetics
18 Family socialization
19 Anti-social personalities
20 Societal problems
Some scientists believed that drug addiction is a disease although the
evidence to support this theory is weak.
Main 3 causes of drug addiction
1. The Drug
Some drugs are more addictive than others. This is due to the
pharmacology of the substance and how it affects the mood of the user.
2. The Addict
People who have low. Self concepts, who feel bad about themselves have
a higher rate of addiction. People with low self concepts user psychoactive
substances either to enhance or create pleasure in their lives, or to

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decrease the constant emotional pain they live. The better a person feel
about himself, the less likely he will be to use or abuse psychoactive
substance. A society that has easy access to drugs, that has a population
that is addiction prove due to physical or emotional pain, and that has
unclear norms, is a society prone to addiction.
3. The Environment
In our bio-chemical society, we hear mixed messages about the use of
psychoactive drugs. Some, such as alcohol and tobacco are accepted,
while use of hard drugs is condemned. Some drug use is glamorized in
the media, while different parts of the country have different standards for
public intoxification. All this makes it easier for people to accept drug use
as normal.

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TYPES OF DRUGS AND THERE EFFECTS

1. Cannabis
All forms of cannabis have negative physical and mental effects. Several
regularly observed physical effects of cannabis are a substantial increase
in the heart rate, bloodshot eyes, a dry mouth and throat, and increased
appetite.
Use of cannabis may impair or reduce short-term memory and
comprehension, alter sense of time, and reduce ability to perform tasks
requiring concentration and coordination, such as driving a car. Motivation
and cognition may be altered, making the acquisition of new information
difficult.
Type
Marijuana

What is it called?

What does it look How is it used?

like?
Pot, Reefer, Grass, Like dried parsley, Smoked or eaten
Wd,

Hashish

Dope

and with stems and/ or

Ganja

seeds;

Hash

cigarettes
Brown
or

Hashish Oil Hash Oil

rolled

into
black Smoked or eaten

cakes or balls
Concentrated
syrupy liquid varying

Smoked mixed
with tobacco

in color from clear to

black

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2. Inhalants
The immediate negative effects of inhalants include, nausea, sneezing,
coughing, nosebleeds, fatigue, lack of coordination, and loss of appetite.
Solvents and aerosol sprays also decrease the heart and respiratory rates
and impair judgment. Amyl and butyl nitrite cause rapid pulse, headaches,
and involuntary passing of urine and feces. Long-term use may result in
hepatitis or brain damage.
Deeply inhaling the vapour, or using large amounts over a short time, may
result in disorientation, violent behavior, unconsciousness, or death. High
concentration of inhalants can cause suffocation by displacing the oxygen
in the lungs or by depressing the central nervous system to the point that
breathing stops.
Long-term use can causing weight loss, fatigue, electrolyte imbalance, and
muscle fatigue. Repeated sniffing of concentrated vapors over time can
permanently damage the nervous system.
Type

What is it called?

Nitrous

Laughing

Oxide

Whippets

gas

What does it look like?

or Small

8-gram

cylinder

sold

balloon

or

How is it

used?
metal Vapors
with

a inhaled

pipe

propellant for whipped

cream in aerosol spray
Amyl

can
Poppers or Snappers Clear yellowish liquid

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Nitrite
Butyl

Rush, Bold, Bullet, In small bottles

inhaled
Vapors

Nitrite

Locker Room, and

inhaled

Climax
3. Cocaine
Cocaine stimulates the central nervous system. Its immediate effects
include dilated pupils and elevated blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory
rate, and body temperature. Occasional use can cause a

stuffy or runny

nose, while chronic use can ulcerate thee mucous membrane of the nose.
Injecting cocaine with contaminated equipment can cause AIDS, hepatitis,
and other diseases. Preparation of freebase, which involves the use of
volatile solvents, can result in death or injury from fire or explosion.
Cracks or freebase rock is extremely addictive, and its effects are felt
within 10 seconds. The physical effects include dilated pupils, increased
pulse rate, elevated blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite, tactile
hallucinations, paranoia, seizure. The use of cocaine can cause death by
cardiac arrest or respiratory failure.

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Type

What is it called?

Cocaine Coke,

snow,

What does it look like?

nose White crystalline powder

candy, flake, blow,

How is it
used?
Inhaled,
injected

big C, lady, white

Crack

and snowbirds
Crack, rock, freebase White to tan pellets or

cocaine

crystalline

rocks

Smoked

that

look like soap

4. Other Stimulants
Stimulants can cause increased and respiratory rates, elevated blood
pressure, dilated pupils and decreased appetite. In addition, users may
experience sweating, headache, blurred vision, dizziness, sleeplessness,
and anxiety. Extremely high does can cause a rapid or irregular heartbeat
tremors, loss of coordination, and even physical collapse. An amphetamine
injection creates a sudden increase in blood pressure that can result in
stroke, very high fever, or heart failure.
In addition to the physical effects, users report feelings restless, anxious,
and moody. Higher doses intensify the effect. Persons who use larger
amount of amphetamines over a long period of time can develop an
amphetamine psychosis that includes hallucination, delusions, and
paranoia. These symptoms usually disappears when drug use ceases.

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Type

What is it called?

Amphetamines Speed,

What does it look

How is it
like?
used?
uppers, Capsules,
pills, Taken orally,

Ups,

black tablets

beauties, Pep pills,

injected,
inhaled

Copilots,
Bumblebees,
Hearts,
Benzedrine,
Dexedrine,
Footballs

and

Additional

Biphetamine
Ritalin,
cylert, Pills or capsules

Taken orally,

stimulants

prludin, didrex, pre-

injected

state,
sandrex

voranil,
and

plegine
5. Depressants
The effects of depressants are in many ways similar to the effects of
alcohol. Small amounts can produce calmness and very relaxed muscles,
but larger does can cause slurred speech, staggering gait, and altered
perception. Very large does can cause respiratory depression, coma, and
death. The combination of depressant and alcohol can multiply the effects
of the drugs, increasing the risks.
Regular use of depressant over time can result in physical and
psychological addiction. People who suddenly stop taking large doses can

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experience withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, insomnia, tremors,

delirium, convulsion, and death. Babies born to mother who abuse
depressants may also be physically dependent on the drugs and show
withdrawal symptoms shortly after they are born. Birth defect and
behavioral problems also may result.
Type
Barbiturates

What is it called?

What does it look

like?
barbs, Red, yellow, blue, or

Dpwners,
blud

devils,

devils,

red red

yellows,

Nmbutal,

Tuinals,

Seconal,

and

Methaqualon
e
Tranquilizers

Sopors
Valium,

blue

yellow capsules

jacket,

amytal
Qualudes,

and

How is it
used?
Taken orally

Ludes, Tablets
Librium, Tablets or capsules

miltown,

Taken orally
Taken orally

serax,

equanil,
miltown,and
Tranxene

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7. Narcotics
Narcotics initially produce a feeling of euphoria that often is followed by
drowsiness, nausea, and vomiting. Users may also experience constricted
pupils, watery eyes, and itching. And overdose may produce slow and
shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsion, coma and possible death.
Tolerance to narcotics develops rapidly and dependence is likely. The use
of contaminated ssyringes may result in disease such as AIDS,
endocarditics, and hepatitis. Addiction in pregment women can lead to
premature, stillborn, or addicted infants who experience severe withdrawal
symptom

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Type

What is it called?

Heroin

Codeine

Smack, horse, mud,

What does it look

like?
White to dark-brown

How is it
used?
Injected,

brown sugar, junk,

powder or tar-like

smoked, or

black tar, and big h

Empirin compound

substance
Dark liquid varying in

inhaled
Taken orally,

with codeine,

thickness, capsules,

injected

Tylenol with

tablets

codeine, codeine in
Morphine

Opium

cough medicine
Pectoral syrup

White crystals,

Taken orally,

hypodemic tablets, or

injected, or

Paregoric, dovers

inject able solutions

Dark brown chunks,

smoked
Smoked,

powder, parepctolin

powder

eaten, or

Meperidin

Pethidine, demorol,

White powder, solution

injected
Taken orally,

e
Other

mepergan
Percocet, percodan,

tablets
Tablets or capsules

injected
Taken orally,

narcotics

tussionex, fentanyl,

injected

darvon, talwin and

lomotil

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9. Alcohol
Alcohol consumption causes a number of changes in behaviour. Even low
doses significantly impair the judgement and coordination required to drive
a car safely. Low to moderate doses of alcohol can increase the incident of
a variety of aggressive acts, including spouse and child abuse. Moderate
to high doses of alcohol cause marked impairments in higher mental
functions, severely altering a persons ability to learn and remember
information. Very high doses cause respiratory depression and death.
Continued use of alcohol can lead to dependence. Sudden cessation of
alcohol intake is likely to produce withdrawal symptoms, including severe
anxiety, tremors, hallucinations, and convulsions long-term effects of
consuming large quantities of alcohol, especially when combined with poor
nutrition, can lead to permanent damage to vital organs such as the brain
and the liver. In addition, mother who drink alcohol during pregnancy may
give birth to infants with fetal alcohol syndrome. These infants may suffer
from mental retardation and other irreversible physical abnormalities. In
addition, research indicates that children of alcoholic parents are at great
risk than other children of becoming alcoholics.

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10. Tobacco
The smoking of tobacco products is the chief avoidable cause of death in
our society. Smokers are more likely than nonsmokers to contract heart
disease some 170,000 die each year from smoking related coronary
heart disease. Lung, larynx, esophageal, bladder, pancreatic and kidney
cancers also strikes smokers at increased rates. Some 30 percent of
cancer deaths (130,000 per year) are linked to smoking. Chronic,
obstructive lung disease such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis are
10 times more likely to occur among smokers than among nonsmokers.
Smoking during pregnancy also poss. serious risks. Spontaneous, preterm birth, low birth weight, and fetal and infact deaths are all more likely to
occur when the pregnancy women is a smoker.
Cigarette smoke contains some 4000 chemicals, several of which are
known carcinogens. Perhaps the most dangerous substances in tobacco
smoke is nicotine. Nicotine is the substance that reinforces and strength
the desire to smoke. Because nicotine is highly addictive, addicts find
it very difficult to sop smoking. Of 1,000 typical smokers, fewer than
20 percent succeed in stopping on the first try.

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TIME PERIOD INVOLVED IN DRUG ADDICTION

TREATMENT
Minimum time period 3 months, 90 days
Maximum time period 12 months, 365 days
Treatment will be successful only when there is a full support from the
family members are friends. Recovery occur overtime. It is no a single
moment in time. It is a constantly evolving period that requires work to
main aim. Recovery is a new beginning and can be a time of great
personal fulfillment and growth for people in recovery and their families.
Who is drug addict improving health and wellness then we come to know
that the person is responding to the treatment and he really wants to
become normal and well again. Thousands of men and women are
recovering from the advanced stags of alcohol and drug abuse.
RELAPSING
It means to return to a former bad habbit. There are 98% chances of a
person to relapse even after getting the treatment. This one thing required
is self control of not using the drugs.

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How Long Will The Drugs Stay In The System

DETECTION PERIODS FOR DRUGS IN URINE

Alcohol, ethyl
3 - 10 hours
Amphetamine
1 - 2 days
Barbiturates secobarbital
1 5 + days
Barbitaurats Phenobarbital
2 6 days
Benzodiazephines
3 5 days
Benzodiazephines heavy abuse
3 6 weeks
Cocaine
2 3 + days
Benzoylecgonin
2 4 days
Codeine
1 3 + days
Heroin
1 2 days
Hydromorrphone (dilaudid)
1 2 days
Lsd
1 2 days
Methamphetamines
2 3 + days
Methaqualone ( Quaalude)
2 weeks
Morphine
1 2 days
Pcp ( phencyclindine)
2 8 days
Ecstsy
3 5 days
(propoxyphne metabolites)
6 48 hours
Anabolic steroids ( oral)
2 days
Anabolic steroids
2 months 1 year
The metabolite ( marjuna)
1 joint , urine
2 weeks
3 times weekly, urine
3 4 weeks
Daily, urine
4 6 weeks

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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ADDICTS

21 Anger : The addictor becomes easily irritated even on the small issues

and matters. He becomes irresponsible and finds difficulty to coordinate. The addictor shows anger and his mood swings.
22 Taking about drugs : The addictor always talks about drugs and also

pressurise others to use it.

23 Prefer to stay alone : Addictor usually wants to stay alone and make

frequent trips to store room, rest room, basement and bathroom. He

does not want the company any other person and prefers to stay alone.
24 Wearing Sunglasses and full sleeves shirts on odd times : A drug

addict starts wearing a full sleeves shirt even in summer season

because he feels cold in summers and this is due t the drugs that he
takes. Some times the addictor cannot tolerate the lights so he wear
sunglasses in order to protect his eyes.
25 The drugs addict no longer spend time with his friends or with those
people who do not use drugs.
26 The drugs addicts frequently borrow money and if they did not money
they steal items from their home and sell them to buy drugs.
27 The drug addicts talk incoherently and make in appropriate remarks.
28 There is a change in mood, eating and sleeping habits of those who are
drug addicts.

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DRUG ADDICTION IN TEENAGERS

Todays voices talking about new danger- drug addiction at schools are
heard more and more loudly. It is not easy to say how reasonable these
fears are, as no serious and exhaustive researches has been mad in
lithuania till today. The only obvious thing is that such phenomenon really
exists but its extent are unclear- they might be exaggerated by mass
media or might be unimaginable neither by government, parents or
teachers.
Impression is that this problem is absolutely new and unexpected, may be
that the reason it seems so threatening only recently discussions on this
issue began, and often they are quite populisticly.
Adolescence is a critical period for addictions to develop because in this
age their go system works in full force and stop system is immature
teenagers notoriously respond to sexual stimulations take dangerous risks
and take many decisions for a moment rather than for long term period it
takes after the age of 20 or so for the parts of the brain that involved
decision making and higher level thinking to fully develop.
Most teens who drink, smoke or use drugs do not become addicts.
However a genetic predisposition combined with the critical period of
adolescence can tilt the scales towards early addictions.

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HOW TO RECOGNIZE DRUG ABUSE IN TEENAGERS?

1. School performance
29 Active dislike for school
30 Makes excuses to stay at home
31 Drop in performance
The child suddenly

shows an active dislike for school and looks for

excuses to stay at home one should contact in school to see whether the
Childs attendance record matches what the parents know about his or her
absent days
A student who experiences a drop in performance possibly failing in his
courses or receiving only passing grades may b using drugs.
2. Physical Health
32 Listlessness
The child lacks in energy and enthusiasm. He does not show interest in
doing any work.
33 Appathy
The child, if he takes drugs has a difference attitude towards everything.
He gets irritated very easily and is not all polite while talking.
34 Reduced Self care
The mood of the child keeps on changing. There is a sudden change in
eating and sleeping patterns. This all may indicate that the child is using
drugs.

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3. Appearance
How they look is extremely important in adolescent. A sudden lack of
interest of two thing grooming or looks may be a warning sing of drug use.
4. Personal behaviour
Teenager enjoy privacy but their exaggerated efforts to bar family
members from entering their rooms or knowing where they go with their
friends might indicate that may be the child is addicted to drugs. Drastic
change in behaviour and in relations ships with family and friend may
signal drug use.
5. Money
Sometimes teenagers demand for money suddenly with out any
explanation, this might indicate that the child is addicted to drugs. The
teenages who are addicted to drugs also steal valueable.
Products from their own house and sale them in the market in order to get
money from drugs.
When some teenagers always come late at night, they also indicates that
the child is using drugs.

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STEP IS TO PREVENT THE USE OF DRUGS

AMONG TEENAGERS
Various steps should be taken by the parents and also by the government
to prevent the use of drugs among the teenagers spending on drugs
preventions in school is one of the most effective thing a government can
do after at the other place in society where you can have a captive and a
well organized audience is school.
FOLLOWING ARE THE VARIOUS STEPS
1. Normalising Abstention
The most important part of any prevention programme specially in schools
is normalizing abstention. By abstention we mean avoidance of doing or
indulging in some activity. Under this programme the teenagers should
understand the ill effects of drugs and should be given education on how to
avoid the intake of drugs. This is one of the best ways to teach the pupils
to say no to drugs and to learn about the dangerous effect of drugs.
2. Assertiveness Training
Assertiveness training is also very important and it help the teenager to
stand up for their own values without a feeling that they are not grown ups
yet. What ever they learn in this training will help them through out their
lives. Weather in the work place or facing other pressures in school. In this,
students are given a training to speak and do things in a forceful way and
they should stand up for their rights.

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3. Building self confidence and self worth

If the teenagers have a feeling of self confidence or self worth within them
they will not indulge in drugs and they will then understand that they are
not supposed to do those things which are not meant for them. Those
feelings can also be bought within the teenagers by various types of
training and prevention programs.
4. Parental Education
Parents also need help in how to tackle these issues at home. Parents
should be given required training as how to handle a situation when they
come to know that their child is using drugs. If parents are fully educated or
aware about drugs and its addiction qualities then only they can help their
child to stay away from it.
5. Communication at home
One of the best ways to protect children from addiction is to talk to them.
On the one hand communication is very important but on other hand it
takes time. The trouble is that many parents only wake up when there is
already a problem and their child shows a different behaviours and is not
willing to talk communication takes times on regular basis so, parents need
to be advice and educated on how to prevent communication problems.

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ADDICTION TREATMENTS
PAST AND PRESENT
In the past, society viewed drug addiction as a moral flow popular
treatments involved imprisonment, sentencing to asylums, church guided
prayers etc. not surprisingly these methods were generally ineffective.
Today wee understand that drug addiction is brain disease characterized
by fundamental and long lasting changes in the brain. Modern treatments
are based scientific research. Treatment in tailored to the individual, and
typically involves a combination of drug and behavioural therapy. Todays
methods are very effective with 40 70% of patients remaining drug free.
TREATMENTS
1. Detoxification
For some addictive drugs, suddenly stopping use can use painful
withdrawal symptoms. In the past, the resulting suffering was considered
a necessary part of rehabilitations. It was the punishment for having the
moral flow of being an addict. Today we understand that while
detoxification is the necessary first step to recover from drug addiction
there is no reason for the patient to suffer. In fact allowing painful
withdrawal, decreases an addicts chances of recovery. To avoid
withdrawal symptoms, todays doctors often gives patients medication that
makes them feel similar to being on the addictive drug and gradually

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reduce their dose overtime. This stabalises the person brain long enough
to get through the detoxification process. Examples of this type of
treatment include methadone and LAAM for opiate with drawal, nicotine
replacement therapies etc.
2. THE CHALLENGE OF TREATING DRUG ADDICTION IN JAIL
Treating addicts who end up in the criminal justice system adds another
layer of complexity to the issue. How should low enforcement deal with
administrating drug addiction treatment? Innovative approaches such as
drug court may prove to be the answer.
Bring courts deal with offenders charged with less serious crimes such as
possession or being under the influence of drugs. In lieu of serving a jail
sentence, offenders must plead guilt to the charge ,agree to take part in
the treatment, get regular drug tests and report to the judge for at lest one
year. If they fail to complete any of the requirements they may be
incarcerated. But if they complete the requirements, the changes against
them are dropped and they gradate from the programme.
3. Behavioural Therapy
This therapy helps people for coping with their drug crawings, teach them
the ways to avoid drugs, find out their problems and solve it. It prevents
relapse and also help to reduce the risk of diseases like aids. This therapy
can include such things as learning to.
35 Talk openly about personal experiences.

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36 Manage problems with out turning to drug.

37 Identify and correct problematic behaviour
38 Recognise drug crawings
39 Identify and manage high-risk situations
40 Establish motivation to charge
41 Improve personal relationship
42 Develop refusal skills
43 Manage time more efficiently
4. Relaxation Therapy
As the name suggests, it provides relaxation to the mind of the person who
takes drugs under depression doctors verbally provide relaxation to the
person.
5. Counseling
Under this doctors suggests you one thing i.e. Health is wealth. It is done
verbally. It also involves taking above problems related to job, relationship
with family and friends. For example :
Counseling provides the ways to say no when some pressurizes you to
take drugs. They just grab the opportunities to come up naturally with the
discussion as just by seeing a T.V. show or a post that discusses the issue
relating to drugs.

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6. Meditation
It is a very popular and a well known treatment. It is done musically as well
verbally. Musically in the sense the doctors play the cassettes with rythms
to calm down the mind of the addict and verbally they tell stories above the
persons who had suffered a lot in their life but now their positive view,
determination and motivation has helped them to overcome the problems
and become successful in the end.

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CONCLUSION
What we rust to about drugs?
1. Toughen penalties against all those making profit from drug trade
There should be tough penalties against all those making profits from the
drug trade. While it true that law enforcement against producers and
traffickers has only a managerial effect on total availability, it is important
that a powerful message is sent out from every government in the world
that drug profiteering is an international crime that will be severally
punished. Further investment in intelligence should be made and those
who make profits with drugs trade they should be arrested and heavily
penalised. If necessary international co-operation can be taken and with
this the nations can get freedom from drugs.
2. Prevention in schools
Spending on drugs prevention in schools is one of the most effective thins
that a government can do. After all the other place in society where you
have a captive and well organised audience is school. Various prevention
programes should be conducted and students should learn how to avoid
the use of drugs and should not indulge in illegal acts. A feeling of self
confidence and self worth should be brought in them. Parents should also
be educated about drugs, so that they can tackle issues a home only.
Communication at home between parents and children regarding drug

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addiction should take place on a regular basis.

3. Road safety
Various road safety programs should be concluded. Routine testing at road
side should be done. This road side testing will help in preventing deaths
penalties should b severe and consistently applied for drink-driving with
treatment for offenders where alcoholic dependency is suspected or
proven. There need to be more education given to help the people who
drive frequently.
4. Expansion of residential treatment programmes
Various programmes should be introduced by which the drug addicts are
not needed to go the rehab ventures for treatment rather they get
treatment while setting at their place only. There should be more
widespread random testing in prisons with rewards for those who stay drug
free alcohol information and education as well as access to treatment
should be available through out the criminal justice system. Police and
other offices should be given a training in recognising and managing
alcohol related problems.
5. Tighten up the laws on selling promoting smoking/tobacco and
alcohol
The licensing laws for sale of tobacco and alcohol need tightening up.
There should be a complete ban on all tobacco advertisements. Licensing
laws for tobacco should be made for more stricter. The legal age of buying

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cigarettes should be increased to 18.

6. Encourage drug free culture
Every possible means should be taken to encourage drug free culture.
There has been recent rash of films in which heroes are seen smoking in
money shots. This should not be there not only should there be a complete
ban on promotion of brands of tobacco in advertising but also on the
promotion of smoking itself. Media support should be there. Anti-drug
heroes should be developed.
If drugs are used for medical purposes then it is safe but if they are used to
receive pleasure, to forget tensions the they are injurious to health.
Drugs lose their glamour quickly in the end they only bring sadness.
So one must not be so weak hearted, that one gets addicted to deadly
drugs easily. Instead of treating the drugs addicts as inferior we must treat
them as misguided who must be brought back to normal life.
So, lets now from today itself take a pledge to stay away from drugs and
make this world a beautiful place to live in.

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TCS

Vision
To create value by leveraging our co-innovation network in a manner that
has an impact on the customer ecosystem.
Mission
To help customers achieve their business objectives, by providing
innovative, best-in-class consulting, IT solutions and services. To make it a
joy for all stakeholders to work with us

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Introduction:
At TCS, it means achieving real business results that allow you to
transform, and not just maintain, your operations. Our IT services, business
solutions, and outsourcing bring you a level of certainty that no other
competitor can match.
You'll experience requirements that are met on-time, within budget, and with
high quality; greater efficiency and responsiveness to your business; and
the ability to shift investment to strategic initiatives rather than tactical
functions.
TCS' Global Network Delivery Mode enables our clients to:
Choose a sourcing strategy best suited to their most important business
considerations, e.g., cost optimization, cultural alignment, location proximity,
language capabilities or risk-mitigation. Be assured of the highest quality of
service delivery regardless of the mix of services, technologies, and
locations.
Lower the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of Information Technology by
managing different service streams -- such as Consulting, IT Services, IT
Infrastructure Services, etc. -- through a unified delivery framework. All of
TCS' processes and infrastructure have been developed from the ground up
-- as opposed to being cobbled together over time.
When you become TCS client, here's just a sampling of what TCS do for
you:
Identify and develop target markets
Provide professional oversight for sponsorships, product testing and
placement and corporate image maintenance in local markets
Plan cost-effect strategies for both internal communication and on the
world-wide-web
Develop all of your printed materials, videos and web sites including
Intranet capabilities such as on-line databases, business materials and
vendor or third-party communications
Prepare community-oriented campaigns to identify a wide range of
promotional opportunities for product placement, test marketing or market
introduction
Coordinate your identity branding to ensure that all materials communicate
the same message and appeal
Provide effective, attention-getting RFPs (Request for Proposals) and
specific contracting with third-party vendors
Ensure that you receive our cumulative experience and wide range of
networking opportunities to help you grow and succeed.
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History of TCS
Tata Consultancy Services was established in the year 1968. TCS is
considered a pioneer in the Indian IT industry. Despite unfavorable
government regulations, like the License Raj, the company succeeded in
establishing the Indian IT Industry. It began as the "Tata Computer Centre",
a division of the Tata Group, whose main business was to provide computer
services to other group companies. F C Kohli was its first General Manager.
The legendary JRD Tata was its first Chairman and was followed by
luminaries such as Nani Palkhivala. One of TCS' first assignments was to
provide punch card services to a sister concern, Tata Steel (then TISCO). It
later bagged the country's first software project, the Inter-Branch
Reconciliation System (IBRS) for the Central Bank of India. It also provided
bureau services to Unit Trust of India, thus becoming one of the first
companies to offer BPO services. In the early 1970s, Tata Consultancy
Services started exporting its services. TCS's first international order came
from Burroughs, one of the first business computer manufacturers. TCS
was assigned to write code for the Burroughs machines for several USbased clients
This experience also helped TCS bag its first onsite project - the Institutional
Group & Information Company (IGIC), a data centre for ten banks, which
catered to two million customers in the US, assigned TCS the task of
maintaining and upgrading its computer systems. In 1981, TCS set up
India's first software research and development center, the Tata Research
Development and Design Center (TRDDC). The first client-dedicated
offshore development center was set up for Compaq (then Tandem) in
1985.
In 1989, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called
SECOM for SIS SegaInterSettle, Switzerland. It was by far the most
complex project undertaken by an Indian IT company. In 1999, TCS saw
outsourcing opportunity in E-Commerce and related solutions and set up its
E-Business division with ten people. By 2004, E-Business was contributing
half a billion dollars (US) to TCS. On 9th August 2004, TCS became a
publicly listed company, much later than its rivals, Infosys, Wipro and
Satyam. During 2004, TCS ventured into a new area for an Indian IT
services company - Bioinformatics. During the recent couple of years TCS
has been on the growth of progress. Both nationally and internationally TCS
is recognised as the higly respected IT company and has surely put India on
the worlds IT map large and clear.

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Conclusions:
Predicting what will come in an industry that evolves on an almost daily
basis is a thankless and almost futile task. Things change at such a rapid
rate, and many of the technologies are so fluid, that a shift in direction can
occur in weeks rather than months. If we think that today's Internet and ecommerce opportunities are technically advanced, we have not seen
anything yet. Not only will the existing uses of the Internet get more and
more advanced, but new ways will be found to exploit the opportunities it
provides. The delivery of these services will not just be dependant on new
formats and programming, but also on the mediums that deliver them. For
this to happen, certain changes will need to take place, not just
technological, but legal as well. Protection of consumers needs to be
examined, as well as considerations such as copyright protection and
piracy prevention. As well as using conventional methods to connect to the
Internet, wireless access will also become a common approach. Although
we already have wireless data devices, the wireless computing industry is
still in its relative infancy. With wireless transmission speed developing at a
rapid rate, coupled with the availability of wireless data services, this is one
area of technology that is sure to become a big mover. Even now, handheld computers or Personal Digital Assistants are becoming commonplace.
Technology continues to advance, constantly changing how we work,
where we work, and the skills we need to work. What the future holds for
IT is impossible to predict, but it's guaranteed to be a wild ride.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Dr. M.C. Gulecha

Sources of Information from Internet.
www.alcoholmedicalscholars.org
www.inspirationyouth.com
A special thanks to my brother
Er. Gaurav Jain

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