SCOPE Be si. this method covers dtermina- bon of the te of sting of hydraulic [Set by means of the Vat ned Ta. This sandaré may involve haz- ous materials, operations, and eau Seu Tis standard does bot purpor fo wie al of the safety problems ssociaed wth suse. I isthe responsi aly of whoever uses this standard fo fons and extalsh appropriate sey NOTE 1—For the mathod for determining Line of sing by Gilmore needles, sce the Sandacd Method of Test for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Gillmore Needles (AASHTO T 134), 2, REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 24. AASHTO Standanis: M210 Apparatus for Use in Measurement of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and Concrete Indicating Which Places of Figures Are To Be Considered Sig nificant in Specified Limiting Values (Rounding-OfF Method) Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Time of Setting of Hy- draulic Cement by Gillmore Needles Ti129 Tiss Standard Method of Test for AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 131-93 (ASTM DESIGNATION: C 191-92) 162, Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Morars of Plastic Consistency 3. APPARATUS 31 Scales—The scales shall con- form to the following requirements: On scales in use the permissible variation at 4 load of 1,000 g shall be plus or minus 1.0 g. The permissible variation on new scales shall be one-half of this value, The sensibility reciprocal shall be not agreater than tice the permissible varia 32 Weights —The permissible varia. tions on weights in use in weighing the ‘cement shall be as prescribed in Table 1. The permissible variations on new weights shall be one-half of the values in Table 1 33° Glass Graduares—200 ot 250 mL. capacity and conforming to the re- (quirements of AASHTO M 210. 34 Vicar Appararus—The Vieat ap- paratus shall consist ofa frame, A, Figure 1, bearing a movable rod, 8, weighing 300 g, one end, C, the plunger end, being 10 mm in diameter for a distance of at least 50 mm and the other end having a removable steel needle, D, 1 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The rod B is reversible, and can be held in any desired position by a set screw, E, and hhas an adjustable indicator, F which moves over a scale (graduated in milli- meters) attached to the frame, A. The paste is held ina conical ring, G, resting ‘on aglas plate, H, about 100 mum square ‘The fing shall be made of a noncorro- ding, nonabsorbing material, and shall hhave an inside diameter of 70 mm at the base and 60 mm at the top and a height of 40 mm. In addition, to the above Time Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle TABLE 1 Permisaible Variations on ‘Weights Pemnsible Varitions on ieighs in Use Plus or Minus Weighs 500 bis 300 ous 230 os 300 010 100. oo 0 aos 2» 002 0 on 5 oot 2 001 t 001 the Vicat apparatus shall conform to the following requirements; Weight of “00 = 05 g (0561 = plunger ine) Diameter of 10 = 008 mm (0394 = iaget end of 0002 in.) plunger Diameter of 005 mam (0039 ele 0.002 ing Inside diameter 10 = 3 mm (2.%6 = 042 in) totom Inside diameter 60 = 3 mm (2.36 * 0.12 in) of ring a op Height of ng 40-= 1 mm (1.57 = 004 in) Graduated scale The graduated scale, when ‘compared witha ard scale acura #0 ‘within 0.1 mm all points, Shall not show a deviation ‘any pot greater than 025 mm 4. TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY 4.1 The temperature of the air in the vicinity of the mixing slab, the dry 59METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING TBI FIGURE 1 cement, molds, and base plates shall be ‘maintained between 20 and 27.5°C (68 and 81.5°F). The temperature of the mix: ing water and of the moist closet or moist room shall not vary from 23°C (73.4°F) by more than * 17°C (°F, 42. The relative humidity of the lab- oratory shall be not less than 50 percent. ‘The moist closet or moist room shall be so constructed as to provide storage facilities for test specimens at a relative humidity of not less than 90 percent 5. PREPARATION OF CEMENT PASTE SL Mix 650 g of cement with the percentage of mixing water required for ‘normal consistency following the proce dure described in Section 5 of AASHTO T 162, Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency. Distilled water is preferable and shall be used for all referee or coop- erative tests 5.2. The test specimen used for deter- ‘mination of normal consistency may be used for the additional determination of time of setting by Vieat needle following the procedure described in Section 6.2 Vicat Apparatus 6 PROCEDURE 6.1 Molding Test’ Specimen— Quickly form the cement paste, prepared as described in Section 5, into a ball With the gloved hands and (oss six times from one hand to the other maintaining the hands about 6 in. (152 mm) apart. Press the ball, esting in the palm of the hand, into the larger end of the conical ring, G. Figure 1, held in the other hand, completely filling the ring with past Remove the excess at the larger end by a single movement of the palm of the hand, Place the ring on its larger end on 1 glass plate, H, and slice off the excess paste atthe smaller end at the top of the ring by a single oblique stroke of asharp- ‘edged trowel held at a slight angle with the top of the ring. Smooth the top of the specimen, if necessary, with one or two light touches of the pointed end of the trowel. During the operation of cut- ting and smoothing, take care not 10 compress the paste. Immediately alter molding, place the test specimen in the moist closet or moist room and allow it to remain there except when determina- tions of time of setting are being made. ‘The specimen shall remain in the conical mold, supported by the glass plate, H, throughout the test period. A time of set specimen and an autoclave bar may be ‘made from the same batch. {62 Time of Seting Determination— Allow the time of setting specimen to remain in the moist cabinet for 30 mi- fautes after molding without being dis- turbed. Determine the penetration of the Imm needle at this time and every 15 minutes thereafter (every 10 minutes for ‘Type MII cements) until a penetration of 25 mm or less is obtained. For the pene- tration test, lower the needle D of the rod B until it rests on the surface of the ‘cement paste. Tighten the set screw, E, and set the indicator, Fat the upper end of the scale, or take an initisl reading, Release the rod quickly by releasing the set screw, E, and allow the needle to seltle for 3 seconds; then take the reading to determine the penetration, (If the paste is obviously quite soft on the early read- ings, the fall ofthe rod may be retarded to avoid bending the I-mm needle, but the rod shall be released only by the set screw when actual determinations forthe setting time are made.) No penetration test shall be made closer than fin. (644 mim) from any previous penetration and rho penetration test shall be made closer than % in. (9.5 mm) from the inside of the mold, Record the results of all penetration tests and, by interpolation, etermine the time when a penetration of 25 mam is obtained. This is the initial setting time. The final setting time is when the needle does ot sink visibly into the paste 63 Precautions—All the apparatus shall be free from vibration during the penetration test. Take care to keep the mm needle straight, and the needle must be kept clean as the collection of cement on the sides of the noedle may retard the penetration, while cement on the point may increase the penetration. “The time of setting is affected not only by the percentage and the temperature of the water used and the amount of kneading the paste received, but also by the temperature and humidity of the air. and its determination is therefore only approximate. PRECISION AND BIAS 7A. Precision: TAA The single-operator (within- 60METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING ) standard deviation has been setting of similar pastes should not diff initial time of setting of similar past arnault aenttl fomcach otherby more than Séminutes, should ner ath neo ‘each other 1 Bbé sing, roushow the range of 7.2. The mulilaboratory (between. more thee Se and on Vieat fin Pos ings tceghons tat botsory) standard deviation has en time of tetine ahaa pastes shou Bie oe mae Tetons found f0 be 16 mioutes forthe inal not iifer ths cc bby more the 185 to 312 munutes, Therefore, time of seting thoughout the ange of 120 ey ee rey mee eats 49 t0 207 minutes and 43 minutes for 712 Biee—Singe there are no ac a oe ine peut tial the final time of seting thrwghout the cepted efeeme ‘materials suitable fe Fe ce athe enon md BEE oF 185 t0 312 minutes. Therefor. determing te be the procedur Se eae eat Rear than esas of two properly conducted tests inthe eae noe statement on bia and on Vat nal time of from two different laboratories on Vicat is eneeaee ga