DYSLEXIA and DYSGRAPHIA

The impairment of reading ability

Acquired Dyslexia

The impairment of writing ability

Acquired Dysgraphia

Acquired indicates that the patient possessed normal

writing and/or reading prior to brain damage.

Reading and writing disturbances

in Aphasia
Brocas aphasics
Writing disturbances because of their
speaking deficit. paragraphia
In spontaneous writing tend to omit function
words and inflectional affixes.
Reading aloud show the same telegraphic
style as their spontaneous speech.

Reading and writing disturbances

in Aphasia
Wernickes aphasics
Show reading and writing deficit that match
their deficit in speaking and listening.
Reading comprehension is also severely
impaired.
Patient can see the letters and words, but can
not make any sense of them.

Wernickes aphasia and Brocas aphasia

is a central disturbance of language
competence.

Whatever impairment the patient has in

listening and speaking will be matched in
reading and writing.

Acquire Dyslexia as the dominant

language deficit
There are many cases in which the disruption
of reading and writing ability is the dominant
symptom.
This typically follows damage in and around
the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe.

Phonological dyslexia is a type of acquire dyslexia

in which the patient seems to have lost the
ability to use spelling-to-sound rules.

Phonological dyslexics can only read words

that they have seen before.
Eg: blug

blue or bug

Surface dyslexia is the opposite of phonological

dyslexia. Surface dyslexics seem unable to
recognize words as wholes.

Surface dyslexics do not have difficulty reading words

such as bat. They read irregularly spelled words
such as yacht, however by applying regular rules
and producing /jatt/.

They understand what they produce, not what they

see. Eg. worm /warm/