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Santral Tanimlari
Santral Tanimlari
DEFINITIONS
ELEKTRK TESSLER:
Elektrik enerjisinin; retimi, transformasyonu(ykselme ve
indirme), iletimi, datm ve kullanmn salayan yaplar,
binalar, makineler, aygtlar, hatlar, trafolar ve
aksesuarlarn tmdr.
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION:
Civil engineering works, buildings machines, apparatus,
lines, transformers and associated equipment together
forming an integrated unit for the generation, conversion,
transformation, transmission, distribution, and utilisation of
electrical energy.
KURULU G:
Santrallarda mevcut btn gruplara ait generatrlerin
nominal gleri toplamdr.
INSTALLED CAPACITY:
A sum up nominal capacity of the generator of all existing
groups in power plants.
TERMK SANTRAL:
Kat, sv ya da gaz halindeki fosil yaktlarn kimyasal
enerjisinin elektrik enerjisine dntrld elektrik
santraldr.
HDROELEKTRK SANTRAL:
Suyun yerekimine bal potansiyel enerjinin elektrik
enerjisine dntrld elektrik santraldr.
BARAJLI SANTRAL:
Trbiler iin gerekli suyun baraj glnden verilerek regle
edilebildii hidroelektrik santral trdr.
AKARSU SANTRALI:
Reglasyon yaplan bir rezarvuar olmayan hidroelektrik
santral trdr.
GAZ TRBN:
Yksek scaklk ve basntaki yanma gazlarnn hareket
salad ve bu gazlarn yanmay gerekletiren havay
salayan bir kompresrn de almasna imkan verdii
trbin trdr.
GAS TURBNE:
A turbine engine in which hot combustion gases under
pressure operate a turbine, which in turn drives a
compressor to increase a pressure of the combustion air.
JEOTERMAL SANTRAL:
Jeotermal enerjiyi elektrik enerjisine dntren tesistir.
KOJENERASYON SANTRALI:
ya
da
dnm
DOAL GAZLAR:
LIGNITE:
Combastible, solid black to brown, fossil carbonaceous
sedimentary deposit. Its calorific value, with air at 30 C
and 96 % relative humidity, is blow 24 MJ/kg on the moist
ash- free basis.
FUEL OIL:
Hydrocarbon mixtures (liquid or liquefable petroleum
products) normally without light boiling fractions, for use in
burners. Composition and properties depend on national
specifications.
DIESEL OIL (Diesel Fuel):
A liquid hydrocarbon mixture in the gas oil range for use in
compression-ignition
internal combastion
engines.
Composition and properties depends on national
specifications.
NATURAL GASES:
Gases, consisting mainly of methane, occurring naturally
in underground deposits.
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY:
The flow of heat travelling from the interior of the earth to
the surface of the earth, in consequence of the higher
temperatures prevailing in the interior arising from the
natural decay of the radioactive elements in the earths
formation.
RAFINERY GASES:
Gases produced during the refining and processing of
petroleum and petroleum products; they consist mainly of
C1 to C4 hydrocarbons with variable amounts of free
hydrogen, nitrogen and possibly hydrogen sulphide.
COKE OVEN GASES:
Gases produced in coke ovens.
BLAST FURNACE GASES:
Gaseous fuels produced in the production of iron in the
blast furnace.
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG):
Light hydrocarbons, gaseous under conditions of normal
temperature and pressure or lowering of temperature. The
principal ones are propane and butane. Propane occur in
mixtures of LPGs.
BITUMEN:
Solid, semi-solid or viscous hydrocarbon with a collaidal
sturucture, being brown to black in colour, obtained as a
residue in the distillation of oil residues from atmospheric
distillation. It is soluble in carbon bisulphite, non-volatile.
RENEWABLE +WASTE:
Renewable energy is energy that is derived from natural
processes that are replenished constantly. There are
various forms of renewable energy, deriving directly or
indirectly from the sun, or from heat generated deep within
the earth. They include energy generated from solar, wind,
biomass, geotermal, hydropower and ocean resources,
solid biomass, biogas and liquid biofuels.
Waste is a fuel consisting of many materials coming from
combustible industrial, institutional, hospital and
household wastes such as rubber, plastics, waste fossil
oils and other similar commodities. It is either solid or
liquid in form, renewable or non-renewable, biodegradable
or non-biodegradable.
In the tables, wind, geothermal and hydropower resources
have not been evaluated under this title, they are shown
separately.
SANTRAL TKETM:
Santral yardmc ve ek tesislerinin, ana tesislerin devre
d kalma sresi ve balca transformatr kayplar dahil,
elektrik enerjisi tketimidir.
GROSS GENERATION:
The electricity measured at the generator terminals.
NET RETM:
Santral knda llen elektrik enerjisidir.
ENERJ DI ALIMI:
lke dnda alm yaplan enerji miktardr.
NET GENERATION:
The useful electricity measured at the outlet of the power
plant.
ENERJ DI SATIMI:
lke dna satm yaplan enerji miktardr.
ENERGY IMPORT:
Quantities of energy bought by a country inside its
national borders.
EBEKE KAYIPLARI:
Elektrik enerjisinin iletimi ve datm srecinde ebekede
oluan elektrik enerjisi kayplardr. Transformatrlerdeki
kayplar iletim ve datm kayplar kapsamnda
deerlendirilir.
EBEKEYE VERLEN ENERJ:
ebekeye verilen elektrik enerjisinin tmdr, dier bir
ifade ile ebekenin kendi santrallarnda retilen ve dier
orjinli enerjilerin toplamdr.
ELEKTRK HATTI:
Elektrik enerjisinin tanmas, iletimi ve datmn
salayan tm direk, iletken, izolatr ve aksesuarlar ieren
genel kavramdr.
HAT GZERGAHI UZUNLUU:
Bir hava hatt ya da yeralt kablosunun iki ucu arasndaki
gzergah boyunca llen deniz yzeyine paralel
uzunluktur.
TRAFO (TRANSFORMATR):
Belirli seviyedeki gerilimi baka seviyediki bir gerilime
eviren techizattr.
TRAFO(TRANSFORMATR) MERKEZ:
Deiik gerilim kademelerinde iletme salayacak ynde
sisteme elektrik enerjisi transfer eden, transformatrler ve
yardmc donanmdan oluan merkez tesisidir.
ENTERKONNEKSYON:
ki ya da daha ok ebekenin bir ya da daha ok hat
tarafndan
balant
ekipmanlar
ile
birbirine
balanmasdr.
ENTERKONNEKTE SSTEM:
Tamada karllk ve gvenilirliin artrlmas amacyla,
zellikle nemli miktarlardaki enerji alverii iin iki ya da
ENERGY EXPORT:
Quantities of energy sold by a country outside its national
borders.
NETWORK/SYSTEM LOSSES:
The energy losses occurring in transmission and
distribution in a specific network/system. Transformer
losses are accounted for under transmission and
distribution losses.
INPUT TO NETWORK:
The sum of the electricity supplied by the electricity
generators of the network and supplies from other
sources.
ELECTRIC LINE:
A general term for a set of conductors, with insulation and
accessories, used for the transmission and distribution of
electrical energy.
TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ROUTE LENGTH:
The distance between the end points of an overhead line
or underground line, horizontally projected and measured
along the route axis.
TRANSFORMER:
The equipment transforming the voltage at any level to
another level.
TRANSFORMING STATION:
A substation which includes transformers and associated
equipments for transferring electricity between systems
operating at different voltage levels.
INTERCONNECTION:
The connection, by one or more lines, between two or
more systems or parts of systems, and the equipment for
such connection.
ENTERCONNECTED SYSTEM:
The interconnecting network makes it possible to connect
two or more systems or networks in particuler for
interregional or international exchanges of large amounts
of energy in order to improve the profitability and the
reliability of supply.
ISOLATED SYSTEM:
Autonomous supply system
neighbouring network.
not
connected
to
AUTOPRODUCER:
Autoproducers are the utlities which should generate the
required heat-steam or another sort of energy for its
service or product manufacturing when acting in any
service or industrial work branch and which is equipped by
the installation to convert its waste heat-steam or another
sort of energy into electrical energy after utilization of its
generated energy for self processes.
SINGLE-FIRED POWER PLANT:
Refers to units equipped to burn only one fuel type on a
continuous basis.
MULTI-FIRED POWER PLANT:
Refers to units capable of generating electricity using
more than one nominated type of fuel successively and/or
in combination on a continuous basis.
HEAT CONTENT:
The amount of heat released during the combustion of 1
kg of solid fuel and 1 m^3 of gaseous fuel at 0 C and
under the pressure of 760 Torr.(kcal/kg or kcal/m^3)
HEAT RATE:
The ratio of the energy content of the fuel used to the
electrical energy produced over a given period.
REFERENCE PERIOD:
The period of time to which data related, it is the sum of
the availability time and the unavailability time.
OPERATING TIME:
The period of time during which a plant or part of a plant
supplies useable energy.
UTILIZATION PERIOD:
The quotient of the energy produced within a year and the
maximum capacity of the plant occuring within the same
year.
UTILIZATION FACTOR:
The ratio of the operating time to the reference period.
LOAD FACTOR:
The ratio of consumption within a specified period
(year,month,day,etc.) to consumption that would result
from continuous use reflecting maximum or other
specified demand occurring within the same period.
deeridir.
SAATLK PUANT:
Yl iinde maksimum gcn bir saat sre ile kaydedilen
deeridir.
TANIMLAR N KAYNAKA
ENERJ STATTKLER
EL KTABI
OECD/IEA,2005
BUHAR SANTRALLARI
TEORS VE UYGULAMASI
Yaver HEPER 1993
http://www.migem.gov.tr/links/kaynakca/sozluk/sozluk-a.htm
ENERGY STATISTICS
MANUAL
OECD/IEA,2005