n nh v ng Lc Hc Cng Trnh

Ni dung mn hc
Phn 1. n nh cng trnh
Chng 1. Phn m u
Chng 2. n nh ca cc thanh thng
Chng 3. n nh ca dm chu un phng
Chng 4. n nh ca cc khung phng
Phn 2. ng hc cng trnh
Chng 5.Khi nim c bn
Chng 6. Dao ng ca h mt bc t do
Chng 7. Tnh dao ng h nhiu bc t do
Chng 8. Tnh dao ng nh cao tng chu ti trng ngang
Chng 9. S gim chn cho kt cu.

Mc ch v yu cu ca mn hc

Mc ch: trang b cho sinh vin kh nng tnh ton kt cu

chu ti trng ng v s n nh ca cng trnh
Yu cu:
Thi gian hc l 45 tit.
Sinh vin phi nm vng gio trnh c hc kt cu (tp I &
II), cch gii phng trnh vi phn bc hai, ma trn v nh
thc.
Ti liu tham kho: cc sch gio khoa v tnh ton n
nh cng trnh v tnh ton dao ng ca cng trnh

Cc sch tham kho

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

L vn Qu & Liu th Trnh, n nh Cng Trnh, C Hc Kt Cu tp III,

Nh xut bn H&THCN. H Ni, 1979
Nguyn Vn Tnh, C S tnh Dao ng Cng Trnh, Nh xut bn XD.
H Ni, 1987
Edited by A. Darkov, Structure Mechanics, Mir Publisher, Moscow, 1983
Liu Th Trnh, C Hc Kt Cu tp II, Nh xut bn Khoa Hc v K
Thut H Ni, 2005
Ray W. Clough, Josheph Penzien, Dynamics of Structures, McGraw-Hill
Book co. 1993
Anil K. Chopra, Dynamics of Structures Theory and Applications to
Earthquake Engineering, Prentice-Hall International, Inc. 1995
S.V. Polyakov, Design of Earthquake resistant Structures, Mir Publisher,
1985
Phm Gia Lc, C S ca ng t v Tnh Tan cng trnh chu ti
trng ng t, Nh xut bn XD. H Ni, 1985

Chng 1. Phn m u
1.1. Khi nim v s n nh v mt n nh ca cng trnh
Ti trng
tc dng

Cng
trnh

cng trnh b lch rt nh ra khi

v tr ban u hay dng bin dng
cn bng ban u

Cng trnh quay tr v trng thi ban u

D ti

Cng trnh khng quay tr v trng thi ban u

Gii hn u ca bc qu ca cng trnh t
trng thi n nh sang trng thi khng n nh

n nh
Khng n nh
Mt n nh

1.1. Khi nim v s n nh v mt n nh ca cng trnh

Mt n nh v v tr

a) Cn bng n nh

b) Cn bng khng n nh

c) Cn bng phim nh

Mt n nh v dng cn bng trng thi bin dng

P

d) cn bng n nh
trng thi bin dng

Pth

e) cn bng phim nh

P > Pth

f) Cn bng khng n nh

1.2. ngha v s lc qu trnh pht trin ca l thuyt

n nh cng trnh

ngha: cng trnh tha iu kin bn v iu kin cng, nhng

mt n nh bin dng gy ra trong h cc ng sut ph
cng trnh b ph hoi l thuyt v bi ton n nh.
S lc qu trnh pht trin:
Th k XVIII: kt qa nghin cu l thuyt v bi ton n nh
ca L. Euler
Th k XX: bi ton n nh ca v tnh theo l thuyt phi tuyn
, bi ton n nh ngoi gii hn n hi, bi ton n nh ca
h chu lc khng bo ton l thuyt Euler khng cn ng
Trong lnh vc kt cu cng trnh, phn ln cc bi ton n
nh u c tnh ton theo quan im ca Euler.

1.2. ngha v s lc qu trnh pht trin ca l thuyt

n nh cng trnh

Mc ch mn hc:
Nghin cu cc phng php xc nh ti trng ti
hn gy ra hin tng mt n nh ca cng trnh.
Trong gio trnh n nh chng ta ch nghin cu bi
ton n nh ca cc h thanh chu tc dng ca ti
trng tnh.

1.3. Phn loi cc hin tng mt n nh ca cng trnh

trong trng thi bin dng.
1.3.1. Mt n nh loi mt:
Cc c trng cu mt n nh loi mt nh sau:
Dng cn bng c kh nng phn nhnh
Pht sinh dng cn bng mi khc dng ban u v
tnh cht.
Trc trng thi ti hn, dng cn bng ban u l duy
nht v n nh. Sau trng thi ti hn, dng cn bng
ban u l khng n nh.
P

Pth

P > Pth
D

B
A
O
O

C
Pth

1.3. Phn loi cc hin tng mt n nh ca cng trnh

trong trng thi bin dng.
Cc dng mt n nh loi mt:
Pth
P

Pth

Pth

llll

L/2

Mt n nh dng
chu nn ng tm.

L/2

Mt n nh dng bin
dng i xng

Mt n nh dng un phng

1.3. Phn loi cc hin tng mt n nh ca cng trnh

trong trng thi bin dng.
1.3.2. Mt n nh loi hai
c trng:
Dng cn bng khng phn nhnh
Bin dng v dng cn bng ca h khng thay i
v tnh cht
V d:
P

a)

b)

D
Pth

h
A

fth
h

1.4. Khi nim v bc t do

nh ngha:
Bc t do ca mt h l s thng s to hay chuyn v c lp
cn thit dng xc nh mt cch hon ton trng thi bin
dng ca h kt cu ti mt thi im bt k.
Nu h c n s bc t do c n dng cn bng khng n nh
y1

l
Pth1

Pth2

3
y2

y1
1

H mt bc t do

H hai bc t do

H v hn bc t do.

1.5. Cc phng php nghin cu

Cc phng php tnh hc

Ni dung ca phng php:

To cho h ang nghin cu mt dng cn bng lch khi dng

cn bng ban u

Xc nh gi tr ca lc c kh nng gi h v tr cn bng mi.

Lc ti hn c xc nh t phng trnh n nh biu th iu

kin tn ti dng cn bng mi.
Cc phng php:

Phng php trc tip thit lp v gii cc phng trnh vi phn

Phng php trc tip thit lp v gii cc phng trnh i s

Phng php lc

Phng php chuyn v

Phng php sai phn

1.5. Cc phng php nghin cu

Cc phng php nng lng
Ni dung ca phng php:
Cho trc dng bin dng ca h trng thi lch
Lp cc biu thc ca th nng bin dng v cng cc ngai lc
Vit iu kin ti hn ca h theo cc biu hin di dng nng
lng
T iu kin ti hn xc nh ti trng ti hn
Nu dng bin dng cho ng th kt qu l chnh xc kt qu
tm c thng l gn ng v c gi tr ln hn gi tr chnh
xc
Cc phng php:
Phng php p dng nguyn l Dirichler
Phng php Ritz

1.5. Cc phng php nghin cu

Cc phng php ng lc hc:
Ni dung ca phng php

Thit lp phng trnh dao ng ring ca thanh chu nn

Xc nh ti trng ti hn bng cch bin lun tnh cht

ca chuyn ng
Ba phng php trn c dn n cng mt kt qa hay khng?
Vi nhng h bo tan th ba phng php trn cho kt qa nh
nhau
Nu xc nh s b gi tr ti hn ca h bo tan nn dng phng
php nng lng.
i vi nhng h khng bo tan nn dng phng php ng hc