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Extended Summary
METHODOLOGY CONCERNIG THE RESTORATION OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS
Case Studies : THE TURKISH MANSION AND THE HAGI MEHMET AGA MOSQUE IN RHODES

Cultural, historical and scientific reasons, dictate the necessity to protect and save our architectural
heritage, including their load bearing system, which is a very important factor of their architectural value.
Ingenious systems can be found that can surprise the modern engineer, who in many cases realises that he
discovers through modern analysis what has been discovered hundreds, even thousands of years ago with
certainly much lesser means of technology. There is a lot of "hidden knowledge" even in the most poor or
humble ones [1,2,3,4] about the effort of the traditional builder, to save his building and withstand the forces
induced in his structure with excellent results, giving us ideas and solutions for compatible and successful
interventions. The procedure of analysing and intervening has to be conducted with the close collaboration
from the beginning, of all the professions that must be involved in a restoration project.
The methodology of studying and assessing the structural systems of the historical buildings, has to be
based on systematic survey, conducted and presented in 3d axonometric sketches and drawings of the
whole building and its structural details. Non structural elements, their connection and interaction with the
main load bearing system has to be recorded too, and in some cases taken into account in the numerical
models, because their contribution to the overall behaviour of the building (good or bad) may be important,
especially in seismic areas.
The above described procedure for the evaluation and intervention has been followed in the 2 case studies
that are presented in this paper (constructional analysis and the recognition of the structural system with
detailed axonometric drawings and sketches, recording of the pathology, analytical models using finite
elements). In these cases, as in many historical buildings, very interesting constructional details were
discovered, that pointed out the effort of the builders to tie the building in order to withstand earthquakes,
using, as usually, the timber parts of the structure.
The mentality of the interventions that were proposed was chosen compatible with each structure
avoiding strong interventions, reinforcing them, using, light, reversible timber diaphragms at the roof and the
floor, using the existing timber constructional details for the tying of the building, and the non load bearing
parts of the building (windows- partition members) as a second line of defense against a strong seismic event.
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3. HAGI MEHMET AA
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Hagi Mehmet A, (. 2 6)4.

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1) P. Touliatos Seismic Disaster Prevention in the History of Structures in Greece, " SOCIEDAD Y
PREVENCION DE DESASTRES" Mexico City , 1994
2) . , .
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3) . , .
. ...., ... 2001
4) K. , ... , , 1999.
5) . , . , A traditionally built house of the 16th century in Athens proceedings of the 1991
ITERNATIONAL TIMBER ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, London, . 3 .3.550-3.556
6) . , " ".
, 1992, . 124-143
7) . .
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2001.
8) . , THE APPLICATION OF EUROCODE 5 AND 8 IN MODERN AND HISTORICAL TIMBER
STRUCTURES General principles of design COST ACTION E5 , imber frame
building systems Seismic behavior of timber buildings Timber construction in the new millenium 2000, ,
.
9) . , . , Examples of the timber construction in Islamic Historical structures in Greece. n
Islamic mosque in Kos A Turkish mansion in Rhodes. CULTURE 2000,
WOODEN HANDWORK / WOODEN CARPENTRY : EUROPEAN RESTORATION SITES Porto 2000.

. , , ... (.. 407), 50,

15123, . , 210-6890146, e-mail:eletsaka@central.ntua.gr. - E. Tsakanika, Civil Engineer NTUA Athens
6


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Existing beams of the flat roof

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(2) Timber elements nailed to side of the

beams and to both timber tie-beams of
the East wall (width 60cm)

(1) Small timber elements nailed to the last beam

and the to the timber lacing at the top of the wall.
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of the fire-place where the timber
tie-beams had to be cut, metal straps
(4) were securing the continuation
of the timber lacing.

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(3)
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The use of the diagonal timber element is reinforcing the corner of the building.
1. Fig.1 The constructional analysis revealed the effort of the traditional builder to tie the walls of the building in order
to withstand the severe eartquakes of the area.

Timber tie beams

Timber wall of the faade

Timber decorative frames

Timber tie beams

Fig.2 Axonometric view of the

existing structural system of the
building
2.
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Lack of transvere walls

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The width of the stone

walls of the first floor
(external and internal) is
25cm and full of openings

Proposed constructional detail for the connection of the timber

roof diaphragm to the East wall (thickness 60cm)

imber lacings
10/14 cm

RC belt
asonry of rubble stone
Back wall of 1st floor

2 Proposed detail for the connection of the timber roof diaphragm

to the thin internal and external walls (thickness 25cm)

final surface (mortar

reinforced with fibres)
water proof membrane
plywood
battens 6/6-insulation
plywood
roof beams new ceiling

Different ways of screwing the timber lacings

and the above diaphragm to the walls, using
timber elements.

the decorative
elements help the
collaboration of the
main structural
members
timber lacing
25/10cm

3
For the tying of the walls parallel
to the beams, the existing timber
constructional details are going
to be used.

1
3

3
2

plywood sheets

Fig. 3
Proposals for the establishment of diaphragmatic action at the roof level, using
light reversible diaphragms of plywood, nailed to timber lacings (tie beams) at the top of the
walls.

 4.

The frames wiil be reconstructed

using an one piece strong timber
element for their corner.

They new frames is proposed to be

connected to the timber lacings of the
longitudinal walls and to the roof
diaphragm, helping their out of
plane behaviour, in a seismic event.

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Fig 4 Reinforcing of the building using the

existing decorative frames.

Timber decorative frames of poor construction, typical

for the Turkish houses.

The non load bearing parts of the building

(windows and partition members 3)
are used as a second line of defense for a
strong seismic event




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Fig 5. The timber perimeter frames of the windows, will be screwed to the timber lintels
lacings of the walls, their section will be increased and the rigidity of their corner will
be reinforced with metal angles.

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 6. Fig.6
Axonometric view of the
Mosque of Hagi Mehmet
Aga Constructional details
of the timber lacing system of
the building

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7. Fig 7. Axonometric drawings of the structural

system of the roof and the connections of the timber elements.

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. 3,4
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he proposed interventions for the roof of the Mosque during the
restoration works.

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imber dowels for the connection of the timber lacings to the masonry below.

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