Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
Concept and Origin of the Bill of Rights
Classification
1. Civil Rights
2. Political Rights
3. Social and Economic Rights
Doctrine of Preferred Freedom (Hierarchy of Rights)
PBM Employees Org. vs. PBM Co., Inc., 51 SCRA 189 (1973)
The Fundamental Powers of the State
Similarities, Differences & Limitations
POLICE POWER
Definition, Scope & Basis
Characteristics
Who exercises said power?
METROPOLITAN MANILA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY v BEL-AIR VILLAGE
ASSOCIATION, INC. G.R. No. 135962 (March 27, 2000)
METROPOLITAN MANILA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, vs. DANTE O. GARIN G.R. No.
130230 (April 15, 2005)
Tests of Police Power
Laws:
Balacuit v. CFI, G.R. No. L-38429, June 30, 1988
Lozano vs. Matinez, 146 SCRA 323 (1986)
Del Rosario vs. Bengzon, 180 SCRA 521 (1989)
Tablarin vs. Judge Gutierrez, 152 SCRA 730 (1987)
Zoning and Regulatory Ordinances:
Ermita-Malate Hotel & Motel Operators v. City Mayor, 20 SCRA 849 (1967)
Cruz vs. Paras, 123 SCRA 569 (1983)
Velasco vs. Villegas, 120 SCRA 568 (1983)
Magtajas vs. Pryce Properties, 234 SCRA 255 (1994)
Tano v. Socrates, G.R. 110249, August 27, 1997
ACEBEDO OPTICAL COMPANY, INC., vs. THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS, et al.
G.R. No. 100152 (March 31, 2000)
City of Manila v. Judge Laguio, G.R. No. 118127, April 12, 2005
WHITE LIGHT CORPORATION, TITANIUM CORPORATION et al. vs. CITY OF MANILA,
G.R. No. 122846 (January 20, 2009)
Administrative Rules and Regulations
Bautista vs. Junio, 127 SCRA 329 (1984)
Taxicab Operators of Metro Manila vs. BOT, 119 SCRA 597 (1982)
Mirasol v. DPWH, G.R. No. 158793, June 8, 2006
Anglo-Fil Trading vs. Lazaro, 124 SCRA 494 (1983)
PPA v. Cipres Stevedoring, G.R. No. 145742, July 14, 2005
Chavez v. Romulo, G.R. No. 157036. June 9, 2004
THE METROPOLITAN MANILA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY et al vs. VIRON
TRANSPORTATION CO., INC G.R. No. 170656 (August 15, 2007)
AQUILINO Q. PIMENTEL, JR., vs. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS G.R. No. 61658
(November 3, 2008) and consolidated cases
REVIEW CENTER ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, vs. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
EDUARDO ERMITA et al. G.R. No. 180046 (April 2, 2009)
EMINENT DOMAIN
Definition
A.
B.
Taking
C.
Public use
D.
Genuine Necessity
Mun. of Meycayauan vs. IAC, 157 SCRA 640 (1988)
De Knecht vs. Bautista, 100 SCRA 660 (1980)
E.
Just Compensation
Defined
Eslaban v. De Onorio, G.R. No. 146062, June 28, 2001
RP vs. IAC, et al., G.R. No. 71176, May 21, 1990
Determination of Just Compensation
EPZA vs. Dulay, 149 SCRA 305 (1987)
When Determined
Ansaldo vs. Tantuico, G.R. 50147 August 3, 1990
NAPOCOR v. Tiangco, G.R. No. 170846, February 6, 2007
City of Cebu v. Spouses Dedamo, G.R. No. 142 971, May 07, 2002
Manner of Payment
Assoc.of Small Landowners v. DAR, 175 SCRA 343 (1989)
DAR v. CA, 249 SCRA 149 (1995)
Trial with Commissioners
Meralco v. Pineda, 206 SCRA 196 (1992)
NPC v. Henson, G.R. No. 129998, December 29, 1998
Napocor v. Sps. De la Cruz, G.R. No. 156093, February 2, 2007
Leca Realty v. Republic, G.R. No. 155605, September 27, 2006
Legal Interest for Expropriation Cases
NPC v. Angas, 208 SCRA 542 (1992)
Wycoco v. Judge Caspillo, G.R. No. 146733, January 13, 2004
Writ of Possession
City of Manila v. Oscar Serrano, G.R. No. 142304, June 20, 2001
Republic v. Gingoyon, G.R. No. 166429, December 19, 2005
F.
TAXATION
Definition and Nature
Purpose
CIR vs. Algue, Inc., 158 SCRA 9 (1988)
Commissioner vs. Makasiar, 177 SCRA 27 (1989)
Scope (The power to tax is the power to destroy)
Who exercises the power?
Art. VI Sec. 28
Art. XIV, Sec. 4 (3)
Art. X, Sec. 5
Tax Exemptions
YMCA vs. CIR, 33 Phil. 217 (1916)
Bishop of Nueva Segovia vs. Provincial Board, 51 Phil. 352 (1927)
Lladoc vs. CIR, 14 SCRA 292 (1965)
Province of Abra vs. Hernando, 107 SCRA 104 (1981)
Abra Valley College vs. Aquino , 162 SCRA 106 (1988)
American Bible Society vs. City of Manila, 101 Phil. 386 (1957)
Double Taxation
Punzalan vs. Municipal Board of Manila, 95 Phil.46 (1954)
License Fees
Physical Therapy Org. vs. Municipal Board, G.R. 10448, August 30, 1957
DUE PROCESS
EQUAL PROTECTION
Privileged Communications
In Re Laureta, 148 SCRA 382 (1987)
People vs. Albofera, 152 SCRA 123 (1987)
Zulueta v. Court of Apeals, 253 SCRA 699 (1996)
Deano v. Godinez, 12 SCRA 483 (1964)
Waterhouse Drug Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 113271. October 16, 1997
Exclusionary Rule
Art. III, Sec. 3(2)
Silverthorne Lumber vs. US, 251 US 385 (1920)
People v. Aruta, G. R. 120915, April 3. 1998
People v. Rondero, G.R. 125687, December 9, 1999
Liability for damages
Aberca vs. Ver, 160 SCRA 590 (1989)
RIGHT TO BAIL
Art. III, Sec. 13
Bail Defined
Rule 114, Section 1, ROC
Kinds of Bail
Rule 114, Sections 10, 11, 14 & 15
When right may be invoked
Herras Teehankee vs. Rovira, 75 Phil. 634 (1945)
People vs. San Diego, 26 SCRA 522 (1968)
Cortes v. Judge Catral, A.M. No. RTJ-97-1387, September 10, 1997
Lavides v. CA, G.R. No. 129670. February 1, 2000
Government v. Judge Puruganan, G.R. 148571, December 17, 2002
Procedure for bail
Paderanga v. Drilon, 247 SCRA 741, (1995).
Go v. Bongolan. A.M. 99-1464, July 26, 1999
People v. Gako, G.R. 135045, December 15, 2000
Bail and Habeas Corpus
Enrile vs. Salazar, 186 SCRA 217 (1990)
People vs. Judge Donato, 198 SCRA 130 (1991)
Bail on appeal
People vs. Fortes, 223 SCRA 619 (1993)
Maguddatu v. CA, G.R. No. 139599. February 23, 2000
Obosa v. Court of Appeals, G.R. 114350, January 16, 1997
Standards for fixing bail
Rule 114, Sec. 9
Villasenor vs. Abano, 21 SCRA 312 (1967)
De la Camara vs. Enage, 41 SCRA 1 (1971)
Almeda vs. Villaluz, 66 SCRA 38 (1975)
Yap v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 141529, June 6, 2001
Cabaero v. Caon, A.M. No. MTJ-01-369, September 20, 2001
Victory Liner v. Belosillo, G.r. 425 SCRA 79 (2004)
Bail and the Right to Travel Abroad
Manotoc vs. Court of Appeals, 142 SCRA 149 (1980)
RIGHTS OF AN ACCUSED
Presumption of Innocence
10
Public trial
Garcia vs. Domingo, 52 SCRA 143 (1970)
Perez v. Estrada, A.M. No. 01-4-03-SC, June 29, 2001
Impartial trial
Tumey vs. Ohio, 273 U.S. 510 (1927)
Soriano vs Angeles, G.R. No. 109920. August 31, 2000
PUNISHMENTS
Excessive fines and cruel, degrading and inhuman punishments
People vs. Dela Cruz, 92 Phil. 906 (1953)
People vs. Borja, 91 SCRA 340 (1978)
People vs. Dacuycuy, 173 SCRA 90 (1989)
Loiusiana v. Resweber, 329 U.S. 459 (1947)
Ford v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 399 [1986]
Atkins v. Virginia, 536 U.S. 304 (2002)
The death penalty
Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice, G.R. No. 132601 January 19, 1999
Involuntary servitude
Art. III, Sec. 18
Aclaracion vs. Gatmaitan, 64 SCRA 131 (1979)
Double Jeopardy
Art. III, Sec. 21
Rule 117, Sec. 7
Rule 120, Sec. 5
Elements
People vs. Obsania, 23 SCRA 1249 (1968)
Subsequent prosecution barred; Exceptions
Melo vs. People, 85 Phil. 766 (1959)
People vs.Yorac, 42 SCRA 230 (1971) (overruled)
PSB v. Bermoy, G.R. No. 151912, September 26, 2005
Heirs of Rillorta vs. Firme, 157 SCRA 518 (1988)
People vs. Miraflores, 115 SCRA 586 (1982)
People vs. Judge Vergara, 221 SCRA 560 (1993)
Tupaz v. Ulep, GR. No. 127777, October 1, 1999
Argel v. Judge Pascua, A.M. No. RTJ-94-1131, August 20, 2001
Jurisdiction of Courts
People v. Bocar, 138 SCRA 166 (1985)
Galman vs Sandiganbayan, 144 SCRA 43 (1986)
12
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
Art. III, Sec. 4
Id., Sec. 18 (1)
Purpose
United States vs. Bustos, 37 Phil. 731 (1918)
Burgos vs. Chief Of Staff, 133 SCRA 800 (1984)
New York Times vs. Sullivan 380 US 51 (1964)
Restrictions
Gonzales vs. COMELEC, 27 SCRA 835 (1969)
Social Weather Station v. Comelec, G.R. 147571, May 5, 2001
Balancing of Interest Test
Dangerous Tendency Test
Clear and Present Danger Test
Zaldivar vs. Sandiganbayan, 170 SCRA 1 (1989)
Sanidad vs. COMELEC, G.R. 90878, January 29, 1990
Reno v. ACLU, D-96-511 June 26, 1997
Miriam College v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 127930 December 15, 2000
ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. v. Comelec, G.R. No. 133486, January 28, 2000
ELISEO F. SORIANO, vs. MA. CONSOLIZA P. LAGUARDIA, et al G.R. No. 165636 &
164785 (April 29, 2009)
content-neutral regulation vs. content-based restraint or censorship
Chavez v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 168338, 15 February 2008, 545 SCRA 441, 493.
NEWSOUNDS BROADCASTING NETWORK INC. et al., vs. HON. CEASAR G. DY, et al.
G.R. Nos. 170270 & 179411 (April 2, 2009)
Freedom of Expression, Libel and National Security
Babst vs. NIB, 132 SCRA 316 (1984)
Espuelas vs. People, 90 Phil. 524 (1951)
Elizalde vs. CFI 116 SCRA 93 (1982)
Lopez vs. Court of Appeals, 34 SCRA 116 (1970)
13
FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY
BP Blg. 880 (Public Assembly Act of 1985)
Primicias vs. Fugoso, 80 Phil. 71 (1948)
Navarro vs. Villegas, 31 SCRA 730 (1970)
Ignacio vs. Ela, 99 Phil. 346 (1956)
J.B.I. Reyes vs. Bagatsing , 125 SCRA 553 (1983)
Ruiz vs. Gordon, 126 SCRA 233 (1983)
Malabanan vs. Ramento, 129 SCRA 359 (1984)
Arreza vs. GAUF, 137 SCRA 94 (1985)
German vs. Barangan, 135 SCRA 514 (1985)
Acosta v CA and CSC GR 132088 Jun 28, 2000
Bayan v. Ermita, G.R. No. 169848, April 25, 2006
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION
Art. III, Sec. 7
Baldoza vs. Dimaano, 71 SCRA 14 (1976)
Tanada vs. Tuvera, supra
Valmonte vs. Belmonte, 170 SCRA 256 (1989)
Legaspi vs. CSC, 150 SCRA 530 (1987)
Garcia vs. BOI, 177 SCRA 374 (1989)
FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION
Art. III, Sec. 8
Art. IX, Sec. 2 (5)
Art. XIII, Sec. 3, par.2
Occena vs. COMELEC, 127 SCRA 404 (1985)
In re Edillon, 84 SCRA (1979)
Rotary Intl v. Rotary Club, 481 U.S. 537 (1987)
FREEDOM OF RELIGION
Art. III, Sec. 5
Nonstablishment Clause
Operation of Secretarian schools
Art. XIV, Sec. 4(2)
Religions instruction in Public schools
14
15