323-1051-101G GUI Network Element Description

NTN465BE
323-1051-101G
SONET Transmission Products
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 Express and Express CX
GUI Network Element Description
Standard
Doc Issue 5
November 1998
Whats inside...
Network element overview
Shelf and circuit packs
Circuit pack descriptions
DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection switching
Equipment and facility provisioning
DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching
Technical specifications
1997-1998 Northern Telecom

All rights reserved
All information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Northern Telecom reserves the right to make
changes to equipment design or program components, as progress in engineering, manufacturing methods, or other circumstances
may warrant.
Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation. S/DMS TransportNode, Nortel, and the Nortel logo are trademarks of Northern
Telecom. Windows 95 and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. VT100 is a trademark of Digital Equipment
Corporation.
Printed in Canada
iii
Contents
About this document
vii
Supported software releases vii

Technical support and information viii
1-1
OC-3 Express 1-1

Shelf capacity 1-1
Shelf mounting 1-1
Software load and provisioning data 1-3
OC-3 Express CX 1-5
Shelf capacity 1-5
Shelf mounting 1-5
Autoprovisioning 1-7
Network configurations 1-7
Bandwidth management 1-10
STS-3c 1-10
Shelf communications 1-10
Network surveillance 1-10
User interface 1-11
System synchronization 1-12
Alarms 1-12
Performance monitoring 1-14
System expansion and reconfiguration 1-14
TID address resolution protocol (TARP) 1-15
Inservice traffic rollover (ISTR) 1-15
Remote save and restore of provisioning data 1-16
Local save and restore of provisioning data 1-16
Loopbacks 1-17

OC-3 Express shelf overview 2-1
Shelf mounting 2-1
Shelf cooling 2-1
Power and tributary connections 2-3
Power brownouts 2-3
Fiber optical cable routing and storage
Shelf security 2-3
OC-3 Express CX shelf overview 2-5
2-1
2-3
GUI Network Element Description 323-1051-101G Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998
iv Contents
Shelf mounting 2-5
Shelf cooling 2-5
Power and tributary connections 2-5
Fiber optical cable routing and storage 2-5
Shelf security 2-6
Circuit pack overview 2-7
OC-3 Express core circuit packs 2-7
OC-3 Express tributary circuit packs 2-10
OC-3 Express CX core circuit packs 2-11
OC-3 Express CX tributary circuit packs 2-12
3-1
Left extender (LEX) 3-6

Left input/output (LIO) 3-8
Right extender (REX) 3-11
Right input/output (RIO) 3-13
OC-3 Express shelf processor (SP or SPe) 3-16
OC-3 Express CX shelf processor (SP) 3-18
Network processor (NP) 3-20
VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, VTXe) 3-22
OC-3 interface 3-24
Input/output (I/O) 3-26
Main transport (MTX) 3-28
Protection switch controller (PSC) 3-30
Protection switch extender (PSX) 3-31
DS1 mapper 3-32
DS3 mapper 3-35
EC-1 circuit pack 3-36
Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper 3-37
ILAN circuit pack 3-39
DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection switching

OC-3 Express 4-1
DS1 receive signal flow 4-1
DS1 transmit signal flow 4-5
EIM receive signal flow 4-8
OC-3 Express CX 4-8
DS1 receive signal flow 4-8
Transmit signal flow 4-9
DS1 ports 9 to 20 4-9
EIM transmit signal flow 4-9
DS1 autonomous protection switching
OC-3 Express 4-10
OC-3 Express CX 4-10
User protection switching 4-10
S/DMS TransportNode
4-10
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998
4-1
Contents v
5-1
Extender circuit packs 5-1

Protection switch controller and protection switch extender 5-1
Working DS1 mapper 5-2
DS1 facility (working mapper) 5-2
Protection DS1 mapper 5-3
DS1 facility (protection mapper) 5-3
Working DS3 or EC-1 mapper 5-6
DS3 or EC-1 facility (working mapper) 5-6
Protection DS3 or EC-1 mapper 5-7
DS3 or EC-1 facility (protection mapper) 5-7
VTX module 5-7
MTX circuit pack 5-8
Working EIM mapper 5-8
EIM facility (working mapper) 5-9
OC-3 circuit packs 5-9
End-to-end service 5-10
DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching
6-1
OC-3 Express 6-1

DS3 and EC-1 receive signal flow 6-1
DS3 and EC-1 transmit signal flow 6-2
OC-3 Express CX 6-4
Receive signal flow 6-4
Transmit signal flow 6-4
Autonomous protection switching 6-5
User protection switching 6-5
7-1
OC-3 Express 7-1

OC-3 Express CX 7-7
Index
8-1
vi Contents
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
vii
About this document

This document provides a functional overview of the S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 Express and OC-3 Express CX network elements. This guide includes
the following:
functional capabilities description
equipment and facility provisioning description

signal flow and protection switching description
circuit pack description
technical specifications
Supported software releases

This document supports the software releases for OC-3 Express Release 4.0
and OC-3 Express CX Release 1.1.
Who should use this document

This document is for network planners, system administrators, and other
personnel requiring a functional overview of the S/DMS TransportNode OC-3
network element.
viii About this document
Technical support and information

For technical support and information from Nortel (Northern Telecom), refer
to the following tables.
United States Regional Service Centers
In the United States, direct requests for information to the nearest regional
service center.
For 24-hour emergency technical support
For assistance restoring service on equipment which has been carrying traffic and is out of service, call
the following toll-free number:
800-275-3827 (800-ASK-ETAS)
For technical support from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. EST
Call the following toll-free number:
800-275-8726 (800-ASK-TRAN)
Southern Region
Northern Telecom Inc.
5555 Windward Parkway West, Building B
Alpharetta, Georgia 30201
Northeast Region
200 Summit Lake Drive
Valhalla, New York 10595
(770) 661-4050
(914) 773-2559
Central Region
475 Martingale Road
Schaumburg, Illinois 60173
Western Region
5575 DTC Parkway, Suite 150
Englewood, Colorado 80112
1-800-466-7835
(303) 850-5600
Pacific Region (North)

2305 Camino Ramon
San Ramon, California 94583
Southwest Region
2221 Lakeside Blvd., FL 9
Richardson, Texas 75082-4399
(510) 867-2091 or 1-800-456-0854
(972) 684-1000
Pacific Region (South)

300 North Lake Avenue
Pasadena, California 91101
Eastern Region
2010 Corporate Ridge
McLean, Virginia 22102
(818) 584-2000
1-800-275-8726
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
About this document ix
Canada Technical Assistance Service Centers

In Canada, direct requests for information to the nearest technical assistance
service center.
For 24-hour emergency technical support
For assistance with problems that can lead to payload-affecting failures or issues that prevent payload
protection switching, call the following numbers:
800-361-2465 or 514-956-3500
For 24-hour emergency recovery
For assistance restoring service on equipment that has been carrying payload and is out of service, call
ETAS at the following number:
613-226-5456
For non-emergency support from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Call the regional Field Service Engineering (FSE) group in your Technical Assistance Service Center.
FSE West (British Columbia, Yukon, and
Northwest Territories)
Northern Telecom Canada Limited
#410 - 13251 Delf Place
Richmond, British Columbia V6V 2A2
FSE West (Alberta)

10235-101st Street
Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3G1
(403) 441-3193
(604) 244-4179
FSE West (Manitoba, Northwestern Ontario)
360 Main St., Suite 1400
Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 3Z3
(204) 934-7530
FSE West (Saskatchewan)

PO Box 770
Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3A8
(1867 Hamilton Street, 8th Floor)
(306) 791-7108
Ontario
PO Box 3000
Brampton, Ontario L6V 2M6
Quebec
9300 TransCanada Highway
St. Laurent, Quebec H4S 1K5
(905) 863-4181 or 1-800-684-3578
(514) 956-3500
FSE East (Newfoundland)

63 Thorburn Rd.
St. Johns, Newfoundland A1B 3M2
FSE East (New Brunswick)

1 Brunswick Square, 4th Floor
Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4K2
(709) 722-2500
(506) 632-8271 or (506) 632-8203
FSE East (Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island)

1701 Hollis St., Suite 900
Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3M8
(902) 421-2306
x About this document
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
1-1
1-
OC-3 Express
The OC-3 Express network element provides transport for unidirectional or
bidirectional DS1, DS3, EC-1, OC-3 traffic, or bidirectional ethernet traffic in
linear or ring configurations in a Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)
environment. Rings can be interconnected through matched nodes for extra
protection of traffic. A typical application for the network element is a small
business park, where the network element can provide up to 2016 phone lines
for voice and data communications. The simplicity and cost effectiveness of
the OC-3 Express make it a logical choice for this small scale environment.
Figure 1-1 shows an OC-3 Express network element.
Shelf capacity
The OC-3 Express shelf transport capacity is 84 DS1s, 4 DS3s, 4 EC-1s,
4 OC-3s, or Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper. For an overview of
equipment and facilities for each of these traffic types, see the chapters on
signal flow and protection switching and services.
Shelf mounting
Breakers and local craft access are fully integrated into a compact shelf. The
shelf can be mounted in either a 19-in. or 23-in. bay. Up to four shelves can be
mounted in a 7-ft TransportNode bay. Cabling can be routed either from the
rear or front of the shelf depending on the cabling input/output adapters
present on the shelf.
In addition to rack mounting, the OC-3 Express network element can also be
installed in OSP, wall mount, floor mount, panel mount and single shelf
cabinet configurations. The 19-in. front-access shelf can also be installed in the
Nortel Express wall-mount cabinet.
1-2 Network element overview

Figure 1-1
OC-3 Express network element
EX0104
Heat deflector
Fiber storage tray
Circuit pack
Tributaries, communications
and alarm cables connect to
the side adpaters.
Mounting brackets can be set
up for 19 in. or 23 in. bays
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Network element overview 1-3
Software load and provisioning data

Each circuit pack stores two copies of the software load for redundancy. The
shelf processor (SP) stores backup copies of all software loads for all circuit
packs. These copies are kept in non-volatile store (NVS) memory so the load
is not lost when the circuit pack is removed.
Provisioning data consists of cross-connects, shelf timing mode, timing
references, facility parameters, performance monitoring (PM) threshold levels,
telemetry byte-oriented serial (TBOS) connections, section data
communication channel (SDCC) parameters, environmental alarms, and
user administration data. Provisioning data is stored in random access
memory (RAM) and NVS, and is maintained when the circuit pack is
removed.
When a cross-connection is entered, the data must be written to every circuit
pack with a processor that is involved in the connection. Every connection is
written to the shelf processor (SP) and both VTX circuit packs. The data is also
written to the appropriate OC-3 and tributary circuit packs; the protection
switch controller (PSC) stores the DS1 provisioning data. Not every circuit
pack stores the complete connection data.
Circuit pack
Information stored
DS3
EC-1
EIM
OC3
PSC (for DS1s)
SP
VTX, VTX+, VTXe
connected or disconnected
VT or STS connected
connected VTs
VT or STS connected
connected or disconnected
to and from AIDs
to and from AIDs
1WAY or 2WAY
1WAY or 2WAY
2WAY
1WAY or 2WAY
1WAY or 2WAY
connection type
protection type
The remaining provisioning data is stored in the following circuit packs. The
data is sent every time it is changed by the user.
Circuit pack
Data stored
DS3
EC-1
DS3 facility parameters, PM thresholds

EC-1 facility parameters, SDCC parameters, PM
thresholds
EIM facility parameters
NP-specific provisioning data
OC-3 facility parameters, SDCC parameters, PM
thresholds
DS1 facility parameters, PM thresholds
all provisioning data for transport circuit pack and
the network processor
shelf timing mode, timing references, user
administration data, and shelf data, for example,
TBOS, environment alarms, source identifier (SID)
EIM
NP
OC-3
PSC
SP
VTX, VTX+, VTXe
The previous information assumes that all circuit packs in the shelf have the
same software release.
If the SP is restarted and there is a difference in software loads, the Loads
mismatch alarm is raised and no data is sent.
If a transport circuit pack is restarted and there is a difference in software
loads, the circuit pack will auto-upgrade or downgrade to the same load as
the SP.
When a circuit pack is restarted or inserted, it obtains a copy of its provisioning
data from the SP. When the SP is replaced, it obtains its provisioning data from
all circuit packs in the shelf. When the SP is restarted or reseated, it sends its
provisioning data to all other circuit packs in the shelf. When the NP is
replaced, it obtains its provisioning data from the SP.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
OC-3 Express CX
The OC-3 Express CX network element is a compact OC-3 SONET
multiplexer designed for customer premises applications. The primary
function of the OC-3 Express CX is to provide transport services at the
customer location. In most cases, the OC-3 Express CX is spurred off of
another SONET multiplexer or is part of an OC-3 Express ring. The
OC-3 Express CX network element provides transport for unidirectional or
bidirectional DS1, DS3, or EC-1 traffic in linear or ring configurations in a
SONET environment. Figure 1-2 shows an OC-3 Express CX network
element.
Shelf capacity
The OC-3 Express CX shelf transport capacity is 12 DS1s, 1 DS3, or 1 EC-1
in addition to the 8 DS1s found on the main transport (MTX) circuit pack. For
an overview of equipment and facilities for each of these traffic types, see the
chapters on signal flow and protection switching.
Shelf mounting
Breakers and local craft access are fully integrated into a compact shelf. The
OC-3 Express CX shelf can be housed in a wall-mount enclosure for customer
premises applications. The wall-mount enclosure can be installed on a
plywood surface that has been securely attached to a wall. The wall-mount
enclosure can also be installed on a 19-in. frame that has been anchored to the
floor.
The OC-3 Express CX shelf can be mounted in a 19-in. or 23-in. frame. Two
shelves can be installed side by side in a frame and up to five pairs of shelves
can be mounted in a bay. The OC-3 Express CX shelf can also be housed in a
cabinet.

Figure 1-2
OC-3 Express CX network element
EX0238_IS4
I/O module
Mounting brackets can

be set up for 19 in. or
23 in. bays
Fiber retaining clip

Fiber storage tray
Circuit packs
Fiber channe
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Autoprovisioning
OC-3 Express and Express CX circuit packs autoprovision when inserted in
the network element. That is, the network element automatically recognizes
the circuit pack, puts it in an in-service state, creates facilities (where
applicable) and puts them in an in-service state.
Once the system has been commissioned and tested, you have only to check
the status of the circuit packs and enter time slot assignments. This reduces the
amount of time it takes to provision a network element.
When you install spare transport circuit packs at a later time, the shelf
automatically upgrades the software on these circuit packs to the current
release running on the shelf. No user intervention is required, although event
messages are generated and appear if you are logged in to the shelf as the
circuit packs are being upgraded.
Network configurations
The OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements function as part of a
unidirectional path-switched ring (UPSR) or a linear system. A UPSR with
four network elements is shown in Figure 1-3. A linear point-to-point system
is shown in Figure 1-4. Up to 16 network elements can be connected in a single
UPSR or linear network. For a description of the various OC-3 Express
configurations, see GUI Network Configurations, 323-1051-150G. For a
description of the various OC-3 Express CX configurations, see GUI Network
Configurations, 323-1053-150G.

Figure 1-3
UPSR with bidirectional traffic
EX0250
Rx
Tx
Tx
Rx
NE A
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
NE D
NE B
Rx
Tx
Rx
Rx
Tx
Tx
Rx
Tx
NE C
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Figure 1-4
Linear bidirectional point-to-point system
EX0251
Near-end
network elemen
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Far-end
network elemen
Legend
= Optical interface circuit pack
= bidirectional traffi
= protection t affic
Each network element in a linear point-to-point system transmits a signal along two paths, the working
path and the protection path. If the transmitted signal is lost because of a fiber break or network elemen
failure along the working path, the transmitted signal can still reach its destination along the protectio
path
Bandwidth management
The OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements support bandwidth
management at the VT1.5 or the STS-1 level. Time-slot interchange is possible
when a signal is carried into the network element on one STS or VT channel,
and is carried out of the network element on another STS or VT channel.
The network elements also support hairpinning on non-optical tributaries.
Traffic can be brought into the network on one node, and immediately sent out
of the network on the same node, without using any of the bandwidth available
in the network.
STS-3c
OC-3 Express networks can transport concatenated STS-1 signals (STS-3c).
An OC-3 network can be dedicated to the transport of STS-3c signals or can
be used to transport STS-3c and STS-1 signals. See GUI Provisioning STS-3c
Services, 323-1051-360G for a description of STS-3c transport in OC-3
Express networks.
Note: OC-3 Express CX network elements do not support STS-3c.
Shelf communications
A local VT100 (or VT100 emulating) terminal can be connected to the shelf
processor RS-232 connector. A remote VT100 (or VT100 emulating) terminal
can access the network element if a modem is connected to the remote access
RS-232 port on the left input/output adapter of the OC-3 Express shelf or on
the input/output module of the OC-3 Express CX shelf.
Once an RS-232 connection is established to a network element (either locally
or remotely) the other network elements in the network can be accessed
through the SONET section data communications channel (SDCC).
Network surveillance
The network processor (NP) circuit pack, located in the OC-3 Express shelf,
allows surveillance of all network elements in the NP span of control. It also
acts as an interface between the INM Broadband and OC-3 TL1 Managed
Object Agent (MOA) and the OC-3 Express shelf for electronic software
delivery and remote monitoring.
When the OC-3 Express CX network element is part of a mixed configuration
with an OC-3 Express network element, the NP circuit pack provides an
interface between the OC-3 Express CX subnetwork and the INM Broadband
or operations surveillance system (OSS) or both. The features provided by the
NP are made possible for the OC-3 Express CX network elements through the
SDCC.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
User interface
Operations, administrations, maintenance and provisioning (OAM&P) take
place in either a Transaction Language 1 (TL1) session or a graphical user
interface (GUI) session. A user must have an account and a password to initiate
a user session. The following are some of the activities that can take place in a
user session:
retrieval of performance monitoring information, circuit pack status and
alarm status
provisioning of equipment, facilities and time slot assignments
user protection switching
retrieval of TBOS information
provisioning of performance monitoring thresholds
maintenance of user accounts and security
TL1
TL1 sessions are command line based and require the user to enter TL1 syntax
only. Simultaneous sessions with multiple network elements in a network are
supported. The TL1 interface is a good choice for experienced TL1 users who
know exactly what command they want to execute.
A TL1 Help system identifies the next field in a command when users enter a
question mark (?) instead of a parameter.
Graphical user interface
The GUI requires an IBM-compatible PC running Windows 95 or

Windows NT. The PC is connected to the RS-232 port on the shelf processor.
The GUI is an intuitive, window-based system that allows the user to navigate
using a series of pulldown menus. The desired action is selected with a point
and click action of a mouse or some other pointing device. The GUI interface
is a good choice for individuals who are not familiar with TL1 commands.
System synchronization
Each OC-3 Express network element is synchronized by one of three methods:
internal timing, line timing (tributary) or external timing (BITS). Internal
timing is provided by a SONET-compliant freerunning clock within the
network element. Line timing is a signal derived from an incoming SONET
frame (OC-3 or EC-1) or an incoming DS1 signal. An external timing signal
can be obtained from a building-integrated timing supply (BITS) clock of
Stratum level 3 or better. To use a BITS, the OC-3 Express shelf must be
equipped with VTX+ or VTXe circuit packs.
Each OC-3 Express CX network element is synchronized by one of two
methods: internal timing or line timing (tributary timing). Internal timing is
provided by a SONET-compliant freerunning clock within the network
element. Line timing is a signal derived from an incoming SONET frame
(OC-3 or EC-1) or an incoming DS1 signal.
Both OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements use a synchronization
messaging system that allows synchronization to survive a network element
failure or optical fiber break. For a more detailed description of
synchronization see 323-1051-310G, GUI Provisioning Synchronization.
Alarms
The OC-3 Express and Express CX networks employ a variety of alarm
systems that alert users to numerous traffic, shelf and environmental
conditions. The alarms fall into the following categories:
circuit pack status LEDs
office alarms
user interface alarms
TBOS
environmental alarms
The following section provides a brief overview of the alarm subsystems. For
a complete description of these systems, see GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing,
323-1051-543G.
Circuit pack status LEDs
Circuit pack alarms are signalled by a status LED on a circuit pack faceplate.
The status LEDs on the faceplate indicate whether the circuit pack is functional
or whether it requires maintenance. The circuit pack descriptions chapter lists
the status LEDs for each circuit pack and their significance.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Office alarms
The OC-3 Express network element controls relays on the left input/output
adapter that can be used to activate visual displays and audio actuators in an
office setting. The OC-3 Express CX network element controls relays on the
I/O module that can be used to activate visual displays and audio actuators in
an office setting.The displays and actuators alert office personnel to shelf
conditions that require attention, and indicate the severity of the problem.
Table 1-1 shows a list of alarm signals. See the appropriate Shelf Setup Guide
for a list of network element office alarm connections.
Table 1-1
Office alarm signals
Alarm signal
Severity
Description
Critical visual
Highest
Critical audible
Indicates a service-affecting fault. Requires

immediate attention.
Major visual
Major audible
Medium
Indicates low speed facility is affected.
Minor visual
Minor audible
Lowest
Indicates a non service-affecting failure.
Remote
Indicates an alarm at a remote network element.
User interface alarms
Network element equipment and facilities also send autonomous alarms to the
user interface (GUI or TL1). These alarms identify the equipment and, where
applicable, facility where the problem exists, and the severity of the alarms
(critical, major, or minor).
TBOS network surveillance
The network elements are equipped with a TBOS subsystem that facilitates
display of alarms at remote network elements or remote TBOS monitoring
sites. The TBOS subsystem is used to determine which network element is
experiencing trouble.

Environmental alarms
The network elements can process up to 16 input signals from environmental

sensors. For example, water, humidity, temperature and smoke sensors can be
connected to the environmental inputs. When any of the input lines is made
active by a sensor, the network element is alerted to the corresponding
condition. The environmental inputs can be retrieved remotely from any
network element in the network.
The network element also provides four relays that can turn power on and off
to electrical devices such as heating equipment, lights, and air conditioning
equipment.
The relays can be opened or closed remotely from any other network element
in the network.
Performance monitoring
The OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements support a performance
monitoring subsystem. The performance monitoring subsystem allows
threshold levels to be preset for various parameters. The performance
monitoring system allows automatic reporting of threshold crossing alerts
(TCA) and manual retrieval of data. See GUI Performance Monitoring,
323-1051-510G, for a complete description of performance monitoring.
Automatic reporting of threshold crossings
The performance monitoring subsystem issues an automatic threshold

crossing report whenever a preset threshold is crossed.
System expansion and reconfiguration

The number of nodes in a network can be changed while the network is
carrying traffic, with minimal traffic loss. For example, a UPSR consisting of
three network elements can be expanded to four network elements. The system
expansion procedures can be found in GUI System Reconfiguration,
323-1051-224G.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
TID address resolution protocol (TARP)

The TID address resolution protocol (TARP) is used by TL1 network elements
to convert TL1 identifiers (TIDs) into network service access points (NSAPs).
An NSAP is used internally in a SONET communications network as a means
of addressing a network element.
TARP is a propagation protocol. TARP uses this propagation method with a
distributed database (within TL1 network elements) of learned target identifier
(TID)/network entity title (NET) mappings. TARP allows network elements to
translate between TID and NET by automatically exchanging mapping
information with other TL1 network elements without the need for crafts
person intervention. No additional address provisioning is required at the
network element to support TARP.
TARP transparency is required for operations, administration, and
maintenance (OAM) interoperability between OC-3 Express network
elements and network elements that are not based on TL1.
Inservice traffic rollover (ISTR)

Inservice traffic rollover (ISTR) provides the ability to switch active traffic
from one cross-connection endpoint to another within the transport network.
ISTR can be used for the tributary side and for the optical or line side of the
network. ISTR provides the ability to switch any endpoint to another endpoint
that can service the cross-connect rate, regardless of the protection method of
the endpoint.
On the tributary side of a connection, ISTR is used to consolidate traffic on
tributaries when the cross-connect provides a bridging function. Without a
bridging function, traffic is lost during this operation. ISTR transfers
bandwidth that has become fragmented, on to a smaller number of circuit
packs. Excess slots are released for use at other rates.
On the optical side of a connection, ISTR re-assigns bandwidth across
different STS and VT allocations as the network develops, changes topology,
and changes line rate.
Remote save and restore of provisioning data

Besides having an automatic, on-shelf backup of provisioning data, the OC-3
Express also allows manual remote backup of provisioning data on shelf
processors (SPs) to network processors and of provisioning data on network
processors (NPs) to external repositories.
Automatic, on-shelf save and restore of provisioning data
On-shelf backup saves each circuit packs provisioning data to its non-volatile
store (NVS). A copy of this provisioning data on the circuit packs (DS1, DS3,
EC-1, OC-3) and the network processor (NP) is saved in NVS on the local
shelf processor (SP). A copy of the shelf processor provisioning data is saved
on the VTX modules. When a power loss occurs, circuit packs can restore their
data from their local NVS. When a circuit pack is replaced, its data is restored
from the SP. When an SP is replaced, its data is restored from the VTXs. This
on-shelf save and restore feature is performed automatically.
Remote save and restore of SP provisioning data
Remote backup of SP provisioning data saves the data on to its controlling NP
(that is, the SP must be in the span of control of the NP on which its data is to
be backed-up). After receiving the appropriate TL1 command, the SP connects
to the indicated NP and sends it copies of its own provisioning files, the circuit
packs provisioning files, and the Performance Monitoring (PM) Threshold
files. Provisioning data that has been saved on an NP from an SP can be
remotely restored to the SP through an appropriate TL1 command to the SP.
The provisioning data of an SP can be restored from the NP to a different SP.
Remote save and restore of NP provisioning data
Remote backup of NP provisioning data saves the data onto an external
repository. The external repository can be an operations controller (OPC), a
UNIX workstation, or a third party operating system. Upon receiving the
appropriate TL1 command, the NP connects to the specified external
repository and sends it copies of the provisioning data files, including those
backed up from the SPs. Provisioning data that has been saved on an external
repository from an NP can be restored to the NP through an appropriate TL1
command to the NP. The provisioning data of an NP can be restored from the
external repository to a different NP.
Remote backup and restore are completely manual operations.
Local save and restore of provisioning data

SP provisioning data can be saved to, and restored from, the disk of a local
PC GUI. This functionality is executed by a user only through a PC GUI. A
local save and restore can only be executed if the PC GUI is connected directly
to the SP by RS-232 cable or by a modem connection.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Loopbacks
The procedures in this book make use of loopbacks. There are two types of
loopbacks:
Terminal A signal received on the optical side of the facility loops backs
towards the optics.
Facility A signal received on the copper side of the facility loops back
towards the copper. This is the default loopback type.
Both types of loopback cannot be active for a given facility at the same time.
The facility must be put in an out-of-service state before a loopback will be
permitted.
Refer to Figure 1-5 for details on loopback types and resulting signals.
Figure 1-5
Loopback types and resulting signals
EX0386
Facility Loopbac
VT equipped with DS1 AIS
for async mapping or VT AI
for byte synch mapping
Terminal Loopbac
DS
DS1 AI
DS
Facility Loopbac
Terminal Loopbac
STS equipped
with DS3 AIS
DS
DS
DS3 AI
Terminal Loopbac
Facility Loopbac
AI
EC
EC
Copy of signal on optics
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
2-1
2-
The OC-3 Express shelf consists of a rack-mountable shelf, a set of core circuit
packs, and optional tributary circuit packs. The OC-3 Express CX shelf
consists of a wall- or rack-mountable shelf, a set of core circuit packs, and
optional tributary circuit packs.
OC-3 Express shelf overview

The OC-3 Express shelf houses up to 18 circuit packs and can be mounted in
either a 19-in. or 23-in. rack. The 19-in. shelf can also be installed in the Nortel
Express wall-mount cabinet.
Shelf mounting
The shelf can be adjusted to either rack size by attaching different sides of the
mounting brackets to the side of the shelf (Figure 2-1). When the narrow side
of the bracket is attached to the shelf, the shelf is configured for 23-in. rack
mounting. When the wide side of the bracket is attached to the shelf, the shelf
is configured for 19-in. rack mounting.
Shelf cooling
Shelf cooling takes place through heat convection. (There are no cooling fans
in the OC-3 shelf.) Air that is heated by the shelf electronics rises through the
vents in the top of the shelf. This action draws room temperature air through
the slotted floor of the shelf. This rising air cools the shelf electronics.
Note: Never allow the warm exhaust from one shelf (or any other
equipment) to vent into the bottom of another shelf. This causes
overheating of the circuit packs. This situation can be avoided by installing
the heat deflector that is provided with the shelf. See Figure 2-2.
An optional lower air deflector is also available. Attach the lower air deflector
when the OC-3 Express shelf is mounted above some other type of shelf that
vents warm air upward, and the OC-3 Express shelf and all the other shelves
in the equipment frame are convection cooled.
Note: Do not attach the lower air deflector if the shelf is mounted in a
cabinet with forced air cooling.
2-2 Shelf and circuit packs

Figure 2-1
Bracket positions for 19 in. and 23 in. rack mounting
EX0252
When mounting on a 19 in. rack,

place the long side of the bracket
against the shelf.
When mounting on a 23 in. rack,

place the short side of the bracket
against the shelf.
Figure 2-2
Heat deflector
EX0253
The heat deflector sits on top of the

shelf and deflects warm air to the rear
of the shelf instead of letting it rise up
into the shelf above it.
Note A lower air deflector is also

available. For simplicity, it is not shown
in this diagram.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Shelf and circuit packs 2-3
Power and tributary connections

The power and tributary connections are routed to the left input/output (LIO)
and the optional right input/output (RIO) that extend through the sides of the
shelf after installation.
Power brownouts
Brownouts occur when the battery voltage drops below -38 V dc. When this
happens, the shelf records the drop in voltage as an event that can be retrieved
at a later time. The transport circuit packs stop sending alarm signals to the
shelf processor during the brownout.
Once a brownout has occurred at -38 V dc, the shelf remains in brownout state
until the voltage rises above -42 V dc. The shelf continues to carry traffic,
without alarm capability as long as the battery voltage remains below the
-42 V dc brownout threshold. If the battery voltage drops below -37 V dc, the
shelf fails and stops carrying traffic.
When the battery voltage recovers and rises above -42 V dc, each of the circuit
packs undergoes a cold restart which reinitializes the shelf.
Note: This occurs only if the battery voltage was above -42 V dc before
the brownout.
Figure 2-3 shows optical routing and storage on the OC-3 network element.
Excess fiber optical cable can be stored in a fiber optical storage tray mounted
on top of the heat deflector. Optical fiber is routed along channels at the bottom
and side of the shelf before it is wrapped around a series of clips in the storage
tray.
Shelf security
The shelf can be protected from unwelcome tampering by use of a padlock.
The padlock can be inserted in a perforated flange that protrudes through the
front cover when the cover is closed. Once the padlock is inserted through the
hole in the flange and locked, the shelf cover cannot be opened and the lock
cannot be removed from the flange.

Figure 2-3
OC-3 Express optical fiber storage tray
EX0095
Fiber storage tray
Fiber channels
Note Fiber optic cables can also be routed on the ight-hand side of the shel
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
OC-3 Express CX shelf overview

The OC-3 Express CX shelf houses up to five circuit packs and can be
wall-mounted or mounted in either a 19-in. or 23-in. rack. The shelf can also
be installed in the Nortel Express wall-mount cabinet.
Shelf mounting
The OC-3 Express CX shelf can be housed in a wall-mount enclosure. The
wall-mount enclosure can be installed on a plywood surface that has been
securely attached to a wall. The wall-mount enclosure can also be installed on
a 19-in. frame that has been anchored to the floor.
Two OC-3 Express CX shelves can be mounted side-by-side in a 19-in. or
23-in. frame. The shelves can be adjusted to either frame size by attaching
different sides of the mounting brackets to the side of the shelf. When the
narrow side of the bracket is attached to the shelf, the shelf is configured for
23-in. rack mounting. When the wide side of the bracket is attached to the
shelf, the shelf is configured for 19-in. rack mounting.
Shelf cooling
Shelf cooling takes place through heat convection. (There are no cooling fans
in the OC-3 Express CX shelf.) Air that is heated by the shelf electronics rises
through the vents in the top of the shelf. This action draws room temperature
air through the slotted floor of the shelf. This rising air cools the shelf
electronics.
Note: Never allow the warm exhaust from one shelf (or any other
equipment) to vent into the bottom of another shelf. This causes
overheating of the circuit packs. This situation can be avoided by installing
the heat deflector that is provided with the shelf.
Power and tributary connections
The power and tributary connections are routed to the input/output (I/O)
module.
Figure 2-4 shows optical routing and storage on the OC-3 Express CX shelf.
Excess fiber optical cable can be stored in the fiber optical storage tray that is
found between the two shelves on the frame. Optical fiber is routed along a
channel at the bottom of the shelf and then wrapped around a series of clips in
the storage tray.
Shelf security
The shelf can be protected from unwelcome tampering by use of a padlock.
The padlock can be inserted in a perforated flange that protrudes through the
front cover when the cover is closed. Once the padlock is inserted through the
hole in the flange and locked, the shelf cover cannot be opened and the lock
cannot be removed from the flange.
Figure 2-4
OC-3 Express CX optical fiber storage tray
EX0328_IS4
Fiber retaining clip

Fiber storage tray
Fiber channe
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Circuit pack overview

A set of core circuit packs must be present in each OC-3 Express and
Express CX network element. Optional tributary circuit packs are present
according to the tributary signals that are added and dropped at the network
element.
OC-3 Express core circuit packs
The core circuit packs form the heart of the OC-3 Express network element.
They provide the intelligence and optical capabilities that allow the network
element to communicate with other network elements. These circuit packs
must be present in a network element. The core circuit packs are:
left extender (LEX) with left input/output (LIO) adapter
optional right extender (REX) with right input/output (RIO) adapter
shelf processor (SP or SPe)
optional network processor (NP) for surveillance of all the network
elements in the NPs span of control
VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, or VTXe) (quantity of two)
OC-3 interface (quantity of two)
Figure 2-5 shows an OC-3 Express network element equipped with the core
circuit packs.
LEX
The LEX connects the LIO to the shelf backplane. A mounting slot in the side
of the shelf allows the LIO to be mated with the LEX. The purpose of the LIO
and extender is to provide
A and B power connections
tributary connections for DS1 ports 1 to 28
tributary connections for DS3 and EC-1 circuit packs in slots 5 through 10
modem connections for a remote terminal
alarm connections
The LEX and LIO must be in place and the LIO should be wired before any of
the other circuit packs are installed.

REX
The REX connects the RIO to the shelf backplane. A mounting slot in the side
of the shelf allows the RIO to be mated with the REX. The purpose of the I/O
and extender is to provide
tributary connections for DS1 ports 29 to 84
tributary connections for DS3 and EC-1 circuit packs in slots 3 and 4
tributary connections for EIM mapper in slots 7 to 10
an alternate path for the B power cables
Note: The REX and the RIO are not required if none of DS1 ports 29
through 84 will be set up on the shelf and no DS3 or EC-1 circuit packs are
required in slots 3 and 4.
Shelf processor
The shelf processor (SP or SPe) is the master processor for the shelf and is
responsible for all shelf communications and alarms. The shelf processor uses
a diskless storage media for permanent storage of the software load and to
record the network element provisioning and history. RS-232 connections can
be made either to the shelf processor faceplate connector or to a LIO connector.
The SP supports OC-3 interface circuit packs in slots 11 and 12 only. It can be
used for linear point-to-point and terminal applications only, and supports only
DS1 and DS3 tributaries. The SPe supports OC-3 interface circuit packs in any
of slots 3 through 12. It can be used for any linear or ring configuration, and
supports all tributary types (DS1, DS3, EC-1, OC-3, or EIM).
Network processor
The network processor (NP) provides X.25, intershelf (ILAN) and central
office LAN (COLAN) capability. The ILAN supports the OC-3 Express
4-layer OSI stack over Ethernet. The COLAN supports standard TCP/IP over
Ethernet, as well as TL1 applications. TL1 includes remote login capability to
SPs in the NPs span of control. This allows remote monitoring of alarms in
the network. The NP also provides an interface between OC-3 TL1 Managed
Object Agent (MOA) and the OC-3 Express network element. This allows
TransportNode INM Broadband to communicate with OC-3 Express network
elements.
VTX, VTX+, or VTXe
The VTX, VTX+, and VTXe circuit packs must be installed after the shelf
processor, but before the OC-3 interfaces or any of the tributary circuit packs.
This circuit pack performs the following functions:
provides shelf timing and synchronization
controls VT1.5 and STS-1 autonomous path switching
performs all VT1.5 and STS-1 cross-connects
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
The VTX+ and VTXe circuit packs allow a building-integrated timing supply
(BITS) to be used as a synchronization source and timing reference for the
shelf. The VTXe also supports a stratum 3 clock. The VTX circuit pack does
not support BITS.
The only visible difference between the VTX, VTX+, and VTXe circuit packs
is the product engineering code (PEC):
NTN410AA for the VTX
NTN410BA for the VTX+
NTN410CA for the VTXe
Two VTX, VTX+, or VTXe circuit packs are required: one working circuit
pack and one protection circuit pack. You cannot mix the VTX circuit packs in
the shelf.
OC-3 interface circuit packs
The OC-3 interface circuit pack converts STS-3 signals into OC-3 signals and
and OC-3 signals into STS-3 signals. This circuit pack is also responsible for
the insertion and removal of line and path overhead. Protected linear systems
and unidirectional path switched rings (UPSR) require two OC-3 interfaces in
each shelf. An unprotected linear system requires only one OC-3 interface in
each shelf. In addition, up to four more pairs of OC-3 interface circuit packs
can be installed in an OC-3 Express shelf to provide protected linear or UPSR
tributaries.
Figure 2-5
OC-3 Express shelf equipped with core circuit packs
EX0031
Left input/output
OC-3 interface (slot 11)

OC-3 interface (slot 12)
Left extender (slot 1)
Terminal shelf processor (slot 15

VT crossconnect (slot 14
VT crossconnect (slot 13
OC-3 Express tributary circuit packs

An OC-3 Express shelf can also contain various combinations of DS1, DS3,
EC-1, EIM, ILAN, and OC-3 tributary circuit packs. The OC-3 Express
network element can support up to 84 DS1 facilities, 4 DS3 facilities, 4 EC-1
facilities, 4 protected or 8 unprotected OC-3 facilities or bidirectional Ethernet
traffic.
Protection switch controller
A protection switch controller (PSC) circuit pack must be present in slot 2 of

the OC-3 Express shelf if any DS1 port is to be provisioned. The PSC is
responsible for the provisioning and maintenance of all DS1 circuit packs. If a
working DS1 mapper fails, the PSC switches traffic to the DS1 protection
mapper, which is in slot 3.
Protection switch extender
A protection switch extender (PSX) circuit pack must be present in slot 17 of

the OC-3 Express shelf if any of DS1 ports 29 through 84 is to be provisioned.
If one of the DS1 mappers that contains these ports fails, the PSX under the
control of the PSC switches traffic to the DS1 protection mapper, which is in
slot 3.
DS1 mappers
On the OC-3 Express shelf, working DS1 mappers can be inserted in slots 4
through 10. Each mapper can support up to 12 DS1 ports. The DS1 mapper in
slot 3 serves as a protection mapper for the working mappers in slots 4 through
10.
Note: The DS1 far-end performance monitoring functionality is only
available with the NTN430BA DS1 mapper.
DS3 mappers
DS3 mappers are inserted in pairs. On the OC-3 Express shelf, the working
mapper can be inserted in slots 3, 5, 7, or 9. The protection mapper is inserted
in the adjacent even slot (4, 6, 8, or 10).
The DS3 mapper takes a DS3 signal and converts it to an STS-1 signal.
EC-1 circuit packs
EC-1 circuit packs are inserted in pairs. On the OC-3 Express shelf, the
working circuit pack can be inserted in slots 3, 5, 7, or 9. The protection circuit
pack is inserted in the adjacent even slot (4, 6, 8, or 10).
The EC-1 circuit pack converts an STS-1 or VT1.5 signal to EC-1 and an EC-1
to an STS-1 or VT1.5 signal.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

EIM mappers
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the working EIM mapper can be inserted in slots
7, 8, 9, or 10. There is no protection mapper.
ILAN circuit pack
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the ILAN circuit pack can be inserted in slot 16
only.
OC-3 Express CX core circuit packs
The core circuit packs form the heart of the OC-3 Express CX network
element. They provide the intelligence and optical capabilities that allow the
network element to communicate with other network elements. These circuit
packs must be present in a network element. The core circuit packs are:
main transport (MTX) circuit pack

shelf processor (SP) circuit pack
input/output (I/O) module
MTX circuit pack
The MTX circuit pack is the main transport circuit pack on the OC-3 Express
CX. It performs the following functions:
provides the optical line interface
provides eight DS1 facilities
controls VT1.5 and STS-1 path protection switching
Shelf processor
The shelf processor (SP) is the master processor for the shelf and is responsible
for all shelf communications and alarms. The shelf processor uses a diskless
storage media for permanent storage of the software load and to record the
network element provisioning and history. RS-232 connections can be made
either to the shelf processor faceplate connector or to the connector in the I/O
module.
The SP supports MTX circuit packs in slots 3 and 4, and tributary circuit packs
in the expansion slots 1 and 2. It can be used for any linear or ring
configuration, and supports DS1s, DS3s, and EC-1s.

I/O module
The I/O module provides the following:

A and B power connections
A and B circuit breakers
tributary connections for DS1 ports 1 through 8
tributary connections for DS1 ports 9 through 20, and for DS3 and EC-1
circuit packs in the expansion slots
RS-232 modem connection for a remote terminal
shelf alarms
OC-3 Express CX tributary circuit packs
An OC-3 Express CX shelf can also contain DS1, DS3, EC-1, or EIM tributary
circuit packs. The OC-3 Express CX network element can support 12 DS1
facilities, 1 DS3 facility, or 1 EC-1 facility in addition to the 8 DS1 facilities
found on the MTX circuit pack.
DS1 mappers
On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, the DS1 mapper supports up to 12 DS1

facilities. DS1 mappers are inserted in pairs. A working DS1 mapper is
inserted in slot 1. A protection DS1 mapper is inserted in slot 2.
DS3 mappers
DS3 mappers are inserted in pairs. On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, the working
mapper is inserted in slot 1. The protection mapper is inserted in slot 2.
The DS3 mapper takes a DS3 signal and converts it to an STS-1 signal.
EC-1 circuit packs
EC-1 circuit packs are inserted in pairs. On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, the
working circuit packs is inserted in slot 1. The protection circuit is inserted in
slot 2.
The EC-1 circuit packs converts an STS-1 or VT1.5 signal to EC-1 and an
EC-1 to an STS-1 or VT1.5 signal.
EIM mappers
The working EIM mapper can be inserted in slots 1 or 2. There is no protection

mapper.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
3-1
3-
This chapter provides descriptive information for all OC-3 Express and
Express CX network element circuit packs. The circuit pack faceplate layout
is shown in Figure 3-1, Figure 3-2, and Figure 3-3. The following circuit packs
are described in this chapter:
Left extender (LEX)
Left input/output (LIO)
Right extender (REX)
Right input/output (RIO)
OC-3 Express shelf processor (SP or SPe)
OC-3 Express CX shelf processor (SP)
Network processor (NP)
VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, VTXe)
OC-3 interface
Input/output (I/O)
Main transport (MTX)
Protection switch controller (PSC)
Protection switch extender (PSX)
DS1 mapper
DS3 mapper
EC-1 circuit pack
Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper
ILAN circuit pack
3-2 Circuit pack descriptions
The following information is provided for all circuit packs:

circuit pack function
faceplate layout illustration
special equipping rules (if applicable)
faceplate LED definitions
Point-of-use power supply
Each circuit pack (with the exception of the REX and the LEX) is equipped
with a point-of-use power supply (PUPS) that converts the 48 V dc office
supply to the specific regulated direct current voltage levels required for the
local circuitry.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Circuit pack descriptions 3-3

Figure 3-1
OC-3 Express core circuit pack faceplates
EX0032_R3
Breaker
Status
Mjr Alm
Disabl
Active
Power
Reset button
Critical
Major
Mino
Remote
AC
RS-232 connector
ACO
B Fail
LP
Breaker
Breaker
LE
Status
RE
Status
SP or SPe
Status
Active
Reset button
Out
PRI Fail
SEC Fail
In
EX0032
NP
OC-3 interface
VTX, VTX+, or VTXe

Figure 3-2
OC-3 Express CX core circuit pack faceplates
EX0313_IS4
MT
SP
Status
Status
Out
Powe
PRI Fail
Critical
SEC Fail
Majo
Mino
Remote
AC
In
ACO/LP
RS-232 connector
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Figure 3-3
Tributary circuit pack faceplates
EX0033
Status
Status
Active
Active
Status
Status
Status
Status
Status
Active
Active
Active
Link 1
Link 2
PS
DS3 mapper
PS
EC-1 circuit pac
DS1 mapper
EIM mapper
ILAN circuit pac
Left extender (LEX)

The LEX circuit pack provides
a signal path between the backplane and the LIO
a control and alarm indicator panel for the shelf
circuit breakers (-48 V dc)
EMI filters
alarm relays
The LEX faceplate appears in Figure 3-1.
LIO connection
The LEX extends the shelf backplane I/O connections and power rails to the
LIO. See Left input/output (LIO) on page 3-8 for a detailed list of signals that
enter the shelf through the LEX and the LIO.
When the LEX is installed in slot 1 of the shelf, a connector on the LEX aligns
with a slot in the left side of the shelf. The LIO mates with the LEX through
this slot.
Controls
The front panel of this circuit pack contains a power breaker switch and an
alarm cutoff switch.
Power breakers
The top power breaker protects the A power rail and the bottom breaker
protects the B power rail. When the shelf is powered up and excessive current
is not being drawn on a power line, the breaker remains in the closed condition
and the breaker is in the In position. B power may also be connected through
the right extender (REX).
If the shelf draws excessive current on a power line, the breaker trips and enters
the open condition, shutting off current on that line. The breaker jumps to the
Out position. Power can be restored to the line by resetting the breaker, that is,
by pushing the breaker plunger into the circuit pack faceplate until it locks in
the In (closed) position. However, if a breaker trips on its own, do not hold it
down in the closed position. If the breaker keeps tripping, find the cause of
excessive current drain. Holding the breaker in the In (closed) position can
damage the circuit packs in the shelf.
The breakers can also be used to remove power from the shelf. Pull both
breaker plungers out in order to remove power from the shelf. If B power is
connected through the REX, pull the breaker plunger on the REX to remove
the B power.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

ACO/LPT switch
When pressed, the alarm cut off/lamp test switch

turns off the audible alarms and causes all the LEDs on the network
element circuit packs to light for a short period of time if no alarm is
present when the switch is pressed
turns off the audible alarm and lights the ACO LED if an alarm condition
exists when the switch is pressed
Major alarm disable switch
When set to the On position, this switch inhibits the major visual and audible
office alarms. The intended use of the alarm is to inhibit major alarms during
the circuit pack installation process.
Equipping rules
The LEX must be inserted in slot 1 only. Since the LIO connects to the shelf
through the LEX, the shelf cannot power up without this circuit pack.
Note: The LEX cannot be removed from the shelf until the LIO has been
removed from the LEX.
Faceplate LED definitions
The following table provides a list of the LEX circuit pack LEDs. See Figure
3-1 for the LEX faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. See GUI
Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed description of
how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.
LED name
Description
Power
Shelf is powered when LED is lit.
Critical
A Critical alarm condition exists for one of the circuit packs in the
shelf.
Major
A Major alarm condition exists for one of the circuit packs in the
shelf.
Minor
A Minor alarm condition exists for one of the circuit packs in the
shelf.
Remote
An alarm condition exists on one of the other network elements in

the system.
ACO/LPT
The ACO/LPT button has been pressed and an audible alarm can
be suppressed.

The LIO is a printed circuit board containing connections for the following:
shelf power
tributaries (ports 1 to 28)
DS3 or EC-1 tributaries (slots 5 through 10)
RS-232 terminal
TBOS
shelf alarms
The LIO is the primary OC-3 shelf physical connection to the external world.
It must be installed and cabled before the shelf can be powered up, before
tributary traffic can move in and out of the shelf, and before alarms, TBOS and
environmental controls/sensors can be used.
The LIO is available in front access and rear access versions. The front access
version connects to the shelf with the cable connectors facing the front of the
shelf. The rear access version connects to the shelf with the cable connectors
facing the rear of the shelf.
Note: If there are two I/O adapters (right and left) on the shelf, then both
must be front access or both must be rear access.
LEX connection
The LIO mates with the LEX through one of two slots in the left side of the
OC-3 shelf. Once the LIO has been mated with the LEX, it must be bolted to
the side of the shelf. This allows the cables to be added and removed from the
adapter without affecting signal and power contacts between the adapter and
the LEX.
Note: The shelf power must be off when the LIO is installed.
Connectors
The front access LIO connector layout appears in Figure 3-4. The rear access
LIO connector layout appears in Figure 3-5.
Equipping rules
The LEX circuit pack must be installed before the LIO can be installed. The
LIO can mate only with the LEX, which must be installed in slot 1.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Figure 3-4
LIOfront access
OU
J3
J4
IN
TBOS
RS-232
EX0034
ln-3
ln-4
ln-5
ln-6
ln-7
ln-8
ln-9
ln-1
ln-1
ln-1
AC
GN
ln-1
ln-1
ln-1
ln-1
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
Out-
Out-
Out-
Out-
RE
RE
NC
NO
NC
NO
NC
NO
NC
NO
RE
RE
AUDIBL
RE
NO
NO
10 NO
11 NO
12 RE
CRITICAL
MAJO
MINO
REMOTE
CRITICAL
MAJO
MINO
REMOTE
RE
VISUAL
NC
NC
NC
NC
RE
LEFT - FRONT
INPUT / OUTPUT
DS
EC-1
OU
1-28 DS1
ln-2
1-28 DS1
Environmental I/
ln-1
IN
DS
-48A
DS
EC-1
OU
Legend
Circuit packs in slots 9 and 1
DS

EC-1
OU
EC-1
IN
DS
BRET
-48B
EC-1
IN
DS
BRET
EC-1
EX0034

Figure 3-5
LIOrear access
OU
TBOS
BITS BITS
OUTB OUTA
GN
GN
BITS
INBt
BITS
INAt
BITS BITS
OUTB OUTA
GN
GN
BITS
INBr
BITS
INAr
1-28 DS1
1-28 DS1
IN
RS-232
DT
EX0035
ln-6
ln-5
ln-4
ln-3
ln-2
ln-1
ln-1
ln-1
ln-1
ln-9
ln-8
ln-7
GN
RMT
AC
ln-1
ln-1
ln-1
ln-1
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
RE
RE
Out-
Out-
Out-
Out-
NC
NC
NC
NC
CRITICAL
MAJO
MINO
REMOTE
NO
NC
NO
NC
NO
NC
NO
NC
CRITICAL
MAJO
MINO
REMOTE
NO
NO
NO
NO
10
11
12
BRET BRET BRET

VISUAL
BRET
BRET BRET
AUDIBL
DS
LEFT - REA
INPUT / OUTPUT
IN
DS
EC-1
OU
-48A
EC-1
BRET
IN
DS
-48B
Legend
EC-1
BRET
IN
DS
DS
EC-1
OU
DS
EC-1
OU
EC-1
EX0035
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

The REX circuit pack provides a signal path between the backplane and the
RIO. The REX faceplate appears in Figure 3-1. The extender accepts both the
front and rear access I/Os.
RIO connection
The REX extends the shelf backplane communications bus, tributary signal
bus, and power rails to the RIO. See Right input/output (RIO) on page 3-13 for
a detailed list of signals that enter the shelf through the REX and the RIO.
When the REX is installed in slot 18 of the shelf, a connector on the REX
aligns with a slot in the right side of the shelf. The RIO mates with the REX
through this slot.
Controls
The front panel of this circuit pack contains a power breaker switch for the B
power cables. (The B power cables can be connected to either the LEX or the
REX.)
Power breakers
The power breaker protects the B power rail. When the shelf is powered up and
excessive current is not being drawn on the B power line, the breaker remains
in the closed condition and the breaker is in the In position.
If the shelf draws excessive current on the B power line, the breaker trips and
enters the open condition, shutting off current on the B line. The breaker jumps
to the Out position. Power can be restored to the line by resetting the breaker,
that is, by pushing the breaker plunger into the circuit pack faceplate until it
locks in the In (closed) position. However, if a breaker trips on its own, do not
hold it down in the closed position. If the breaker keeps tripping, find the cause
of excessive current drain. Holding the breaker in the In (closed) position can
damage the circuit packs in the shelf.
The breaker can also be used to remove B power from the shelf. Pull the
breaker plunger out to remove B power. Pull the breaker plunger on the LEX
to remove A power.
Equipping rules
The REX must be inserted in slot 18 only.
Note: The REX cannot be removed from the shelf until the RIO has been
removed from the REX.
Faceplate LED definitions

The following table describes the REX circuit pack LED. See Figure 3-1 for
the LEX faceplate layout showing the location of the LED. See GUI Alarm and
Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed description of how to
interpret circuit pack LEDs.
LED
Description
B Fail
The B power breaker has tripped.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

The RIO is a printed circuit board containing connections for the following:
B shelf power (only if the B connections are not used on the LIO)
DS1 tributaries (ports 29 through 84)
DS3 or EC-1 tributaries (slots 3 and 4)
X.25 cable
intershelf LAN cables 1 and 2
COLAN cable
EIM mapper
The RIO is one of the physical connection points of the OC-3 Express shelf to
the external world. It must be installed and cabled before DS1 tributary traffic
(through ports 29 through 84) and DS3 and EC-1 tributary traffic (through slots
3 and 4) can move in and out of the shelf.
This adapter is available in two versions: front access and rear access. The
front access version connects to the shelf with the cable connectors facing the
front of the shelf. The rear access version connects to the shelf with the cable
connectors facing the rear of the shelf.
Note: If there are two I/O adapters (right and left) on the shelf, both must
be front access or both must be rear access.
The RIO mates with the REX through one of two slots in the right side of the
OC-3 shelf. Once the adapter has been mated with the REX, it can be bolted to
the side of the shelf.
Connectors
The front access RIO connector layout appears in Figure 3-6. The rear access
RIO connector layout appears in Figure 3-7.
Equipping rules
The REX circuit pack must be installed before the RIO can be installed. The
RIO can mate only with the REX, which must be installed in slot 18.

Figure 3-6
RIOfront access
IN
57-84 DS
OU
OU
29-56 DS
57-84 DS
IN
29-56 DS
EX0036
RIGHT - FRON
INPUT / OUTPUT
Intershf
LAN1
-48V
X2
Intershf
LAN2
BRET
Legend
COLA
EX0036
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
IN
DS
OU
DS
EC-1
EC-1

Figure 3-7
RIOrear access
29-56 DS
IN
OU
IN
57-84 DS
29-56 DS
OU
57-84 DS
EX0037
RIGHT - REAR
INPUT / OUTPUT
Intershf
LAN2
X2
Intershf
LAN1
-48V
BRET
Legend
COLA
EX0037
OU
DS
IN
DS
EC-1
EC-1
OC-3 Express shelf processor (SP or SPe)

The OC-3 Express shelf processor (SP or SPe) provides shelf level control,
handles all shelf communications, and runs the system software. System
software resides in the shelf processor or network processor nonvolatile
memory.
The SPe allows you to install the OC-3 interface circuit packs in any of slots 3
through 12. The SPe supports all configurations and tributaries. The SP allows
you to install the OC-3 interface circuit packs in slots 11 and 12 only. The SP
supports only terminal applications with DS1 and DS3 tributaries.
The shelf processor raises equipment alarms for the co-located NP, backs up
NP provisioning data and provides shelf information and NP provisioning data
to the NP during an NP restart.
TL1 sessions
TL1 sessions are hosted by the shelf processor and all TL1 commands are
interpreted by the processor. Once the commands have been interpreted, the
shelf processor instructs the dedicated processors in other circuit packs as to
what action is to be taken.
An RS-232 connector (DCE DB25) on the shelf processor faceplate allows a
direct SP to terminal connection.
Alarms and TBOS
Office alarms, TBOS and environmental I/O are under the control of the shelf
processor.
The shelf processor monitors all circuit packs in the system for problems.
When a problem arises in any area, the shelf processor registers the problem in
its alarms database so that alarm can be retrieved by a user in a TL1 session.
Reset button
When the reset button (see Figure 3-1) is pressed, the shelf processor software
and hardware initialize. During the initialization process, all the LEDs on the
SP turn on, SDCC communications with the shelf are unavailable, and RS-232
communications with the shelf are unavailable. The SP reset button should
only be used when the SP is hung.
SDCC
The shelf processor controls the section data communications channels

(SDCC). All remote TL1 sessions use SDCC as the communications link
between network elements.
The shelf processor is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply
(PUPS) that converts the 48 V dc office supply to the specific regulated dc
voltage levels required for the local circuitry.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Equipping rules
On an OC-3 Express shelf, the SP or SPe must be installed in slot 15.
It is possible for a shelf to carry traffic and maintain equipment and path
protection switching without a shelf processor. If the shelf processor fails or is
removed, all communications and performance monitoring with the shelf are
inactive.
Alarm LED definitions
The following table provides a list of the SP circuit pack LEDs. See Figure 3-1
for the SP circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. See
GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed description
of how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.
LED
Color
Description
Status
Red
SP failure
Yellow
Loss of one or more SDCC connections, and RS-232

connection
Green
In service
Active
OC-3 Express CX shelf processor (SP)

The OC-3 Express CX shelf processor provides shelf level control, handles all
shelf communications, and runs the system software.
The OC-3 Express CX shelf processor allows you to install the MTX circuit
packs in slots 3 and 4, as well as tributary circuit packs in the expansion slots 1
and 2. The SP supports all configurations and DS1, DS3, and EC-1 tributaries.
TL1 sessions
TL1 sessions are hosted by the shelf processor and all TL1 commands are
interpreted by the processor. Once the commands have been interpreted, the
shelf processor instructs the dedicated processors in other circuit packs as to
what action is to be taken.
An RS-232 connector (DCE DB9) on the shelf processor faceplate allows an
SP to connect directly to a terminal.
Alarms and TBOS
Office alarms, TBOS and environmental I/O are under the control of the shelf
processor.
The shelf processor monitors all circuit packs in the system for problems.
When a problem arises in any area, the shelf processor registers the problem in
its alarms database so that alarm can be retrieved by a user in a TL1 session.
SDCC
The shelf processor controls the section data communications channels

(SDCC). All remote TL1 sessions use SDCC as the communications link
between network elements.
Equipping rules
On an OC-3 Express CX shelf, the SP must be installed in slot 5.
It is possible for a shelf to carry traffic and maintain equipment and path
protection switching without a shelf processor. If the shelf processor fails or is
removed, all communications and performance monitoring with the shelf are
inactive.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

The following table provides a list of the SP circuit pack LEDs. See Figure 3-2
for the SP circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. See
LED
Color
Description
Status
Red
SP failure
Yellow
Loss of one or more SDCC connections, and RS-232

connection.
Active
Green
In service
Power Status
Green
Power is on. No breaker has been tripped.
Yellow
Circuit breaker A or B has been tripped.
Critical
Red
A Critical alarm condition exists for one of the circuit

packs in the shelf.
Major
Red
A Major alarm condition exists for one of the circuit

packs in the shelf.
Minor
Yellow
A Minor alarm condition exists for one of the circuit

packs in the shelf.
Remote
Yellow
An alarm condition exists on one of the other network

elements in the system.
ACO/LPT
Green
The ACO/LPT button has been pressed and an

audible alarm can be suppressed.

The network processor (NP) supports X.25 over RS-232 and TCP/IP over
Ethernet protocols. The NP performs protocol conversion to allow
communication between the OC-3 Express, which is OSI-based, and TCP/IP
nodes (INM Broadband, MOA, PC GUI) or X.25-based OSSs. The NP also
has a TL1 interface that allows you to receive all TL1 alarms and events from
the SPs in the NP span of control. The NP communicates with the co-located
SP over an Ethernet connection.
The NP also allows file transfers to and from S/DMS TransportNode INM
Broadband and managed object agent (MOA) for electronic software delivery,
and to or from a PC to install files on the system. For upgrading software, the
NP allows the SP to upgrade from the NP, or the NP to upgrade from an NP on
a different shelf.
The NP manages six facilities: the central office LAN (COLAN) for TCP/IP
support; four intershelf LAN (ILAN) facilities to daisychain NP-equipped
shelves over Ethernet; and X.25 for communication with X.25-based OSSs.
There are two MAC addresses on the NP, one for the Ethernet port for
COLAN, and one for SDCC.
The ILAN supports the OC-3 Express 4-layer OSI stack over Ethernet. The
COLAN supports standard TCP/IP over Ethernet. The COLAN port also
supports FTP and TL1 applications. TL1 includes remote login capability to
SPs in the NP span of control.
TL1 sessions
The NP hosts TL1 sessions for commands related to the NP and NP facilities.
Alarms and provisioning data
NP provisioning data is backed up at the co-located shelf processor. The NP

reports alarms for NP facilities. The co-located shelf processor reports NP
equipment alarms on behalf of the NP. When the NP is restarted, it receives all
its provisioning data from the co-located SP, except the IP address which must
be provisioned on the NP.
Reset button
When the reset button (see Figure 3-1) is pressed, the network processor
hardware and software initialize. During the initialization process, all the
LEDs on the NP turn on and communications provided by the NP are
unavailable. The NP reset button should only be used when the NP is hung.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Equipping rules
The NP must be installed in slot 16. The right extender (REX) and right
input/output (RIO) are required to support the NP.
The following table provides a list of the NP circuit pack LEDs. See Figure 3-1
for the NP circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. See
LED
Color
Description
Status
Red
Circuit pack failure, reset or insertions
Yellow
Facility failure
Green
In service
Active
VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, VTXe)

The VTX circuit pack performs the following functions:
VT1.5 or STS-1 cross-connects
VT1.5 and STS-1 path protection switching
shelf timing and synchronization
The VTX+ circuit pack allows a building-integrated timing supply (BITS) to
be used as a synchronization source and timing reference for the shelf.
The VTXe circuit pack support BITS and a stratum 3 clock.
The only visible difference between the VTX, VTX+ and VTXe circuit packs
is the PEC as shown in Table 3-1.
Table 3-1
VTX PECs
VTX Type
PEC
VTX
NTN410AA
VTX+
NTN410BA
VTXe
NTN410CA
Tributary cross-connect
The VTX circuit pack is responsible for all bandwidth management on an

OC-3 shelf. User-defined cross-connects are stored in VTX memory and the
VTX uses this information to assemble STS-3s and VTs (from the tributary
mappers) into STS-3 frames.
Since the VTX stores cross-connects in flash memory, cross-connect
provisioning survives power outages.
Protection switching
The VTX controls all of the VT1.5 and STS-1 path protection switching on a
network element.
Shelf timing and synchronization
The VTX provides the system clock to each of the interface slots in a shelf
(slots 2 to 12).
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Dual VTX control
The VTX circuit packs normally operate in 1+1 protection; if one VTX circuit
pack fails, the other VTX circuit pack takes over. In the unlikely event of both
VTX circuit packs failing, the functionality they control (synchronization,
bandwidth management, and protection switching) may not be lost. If the
circuit packs have not failed completely, and the same functionality has not
failed on both circuit packs, the two VTX circuit packs can share control of the
functionality. In this case, one VTX circuit pack controls synchronization, and
the other VTX circuit pack controls bandwidth management and protection
switching. Circuit pack failed alarms are raised if both VTX circuit packs are
sharing control of functionality.
The VTX circuit pack is equipped with two point-of-use power supplies
(PUPS) that converts the 48 V dc office supply to the specific regulated direct
current voltage levels required for the local circuitry.
Equipping rules
The VTX circuit pack can be installed in either slot 13 or 14. Each shelf can
be equipped with two VTX circuit packs. The second VTX circuit pack acts as
a redundant backup. You must install two VTX, two VTX+, or two VTXe
circuit packs. You cannot mix the VTX circuit packs.
The following table provides a list of the VTX circuit pack LEDs. See Figure
3-1 for the VTX circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the
LEDs. See GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed
description of how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.
LED name
Color
Description
Status (top)
red
Circuit pack failure
Status (bottom)
green
VTX in an in-service state
Pri Fail
yellow
Loss of primary reference signal
Sec Fail
yellow
Loss of secondary reference signal
OC-3 interface
The OC-3 interface circuit pack receives and transmits optical signals and
converts them into STS-1 frames.
The central wavelength for both the transmit and receive optics is 1310 nm.
Optical transmit
The OC-3 interface receives one STS-3 frame from the VTX on the OC-3
Express shelf. It then multiplexes the VT1.5s or STS-1s into an STS-3 frame
while adding overhead. Finally, the STS-3 signal is converted into an optical
signal and transmitted on the optical transmit channel.
Optical receive
The OC-3 interface receives an optical signal on the optical receive channel.
The optical signal is converted into an STS-3 signal and the path overhead is
removed. The STS-3 signal is demultiplexed into constituent VT1.5s or
STS-1s, and routed to the VTX.
Since the receiver sensitivity is 0 dBm, VOAs are not required for OC-3 optics.
The OC-3 interface circuit pack is equipped with its own point-of-use power
supply (PUPS) that converts the 48 V dc office supply to the specific
regulated dc voltage levels required for the local circuitry.
Equipping rules
The OC-3 interface can be installed in any of slots 3 to 12. Protected linear
systems require two OC-3 interfaces in each shelf as do unidirectional path
switched rings (UPSR). An unprotected linear system requires only one OC-3
interface per shelf. The additional OC-3 interfaces can be installed in the shelf
to provide OC-3 tributaries.
OC-3 protection switching
OC-3 linear protection switching is 1+1 non-revertive, unidirectional or
bidirectional. If a fiber cut occurs in either the receive or transmit fibers of the
active fiber path, or the transmitter or receiver OC-3 circuit pack fails at either
end of the active fiber path, traffic is switched from the active OC-3 transmitter
or receiver to the standby OC-3 transmitter or receiver. Switching can also take
place under user control.
For bidirectional protection switching, if one of the two fibers fail, traffic on
both fibers is switched to protection. For unidirectional protection switching,
if one fiber fails, traffic from that fiber is switched to protection, traffic on the
other fiber remains on the fiber. Both OC-3 interface circuit packs are active if
unidirectional switching and one fiber fails.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
The signal degrade threshold is user-provisionable for the working OC-3

facility of a 1+1 linear protected OC-3 pair. The default value is 10-6. The
threshold is provisionable within the range 10-5 to 10-9. If the bit error rate
(BER) drops below the threshold, an autonomous protection switch occurs.
The following table provides a list of the OC-3 interface circuit pack LEDs.
See Figure 3-1 for the OC-3 interface faceplate layout showing the location of
the LEDs. See GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a
detailed description of how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.
LED
Color
Description
Status (top)
Red
Yellow
Loss of signal
Green
In service and carrying traffic
Status (bottom)
Input/output (I/O)
The input/output (I/O) module on the OC-3 Express CX shelf provides the
following connections:
A and B power
A and B circuit breakers
DS1 tributaries (ports 1 through 8)
DS1 tributaries (ports 9 through 20), and DS3 or EC-1 tributaries
(expansion slots)
RS-232 modem connection for a remote terminal
TBOS
BITSOUT
shelf alarms
The I/O module consists of three circuit packs: a protection pack, a common
pack, and an expansion services pack. The protection pack and the common
pack are always installed. The appropriate expansion pack is installed
according to the type of service installed in the expansion slots.
The protection pack incorporates all of the EMC protection and splitters. The
common pack provides the interface to the first eight DS1s, office and
environmental alarms, TBOS, power terminal block, and breakers. The
common pack also provides a RS-232 port.
The expansion services pack provides the interface for the tributaries equipped
in the expansion slots. The interfaces provided are for 12 DS1s and 1 DS3 or
EC-1 BNC coaxial pair.
Connectors
See Figure 3-8 for the I/O connector layout.
Equipping rules
The I/O module must be plugged into the top of the OC-3 Express CX shelf.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Figure 3-8
I/O module
EX0310_IS4
DS3/EC
DS3/EC
Breake
-48V
OU
IN
AU
72 WW Pins for
- BITS Out
- Audible & Visual
Alarms
- Env. Alarm
9-20 DS1 OUT
Breake
-48V
-48A
BRET
-48B
9-20 DS1 IN
1-8 DS1 OU
TBOS
4 WW Pin
BRET
1-8 DS1 IN
Main transport (MTX)

The MTX circuit pack is the main transport circuit pack on the OC-3 Express
CX shelf. The MTX circuit pack combines the functionality of four OC-3
Express circuit packs: the VTX, OC-3 circuit pack, DS1 mapper, and PSC.
The MTX circuit pack receives and transmits optical signals and converts them
into STS-1 frames.
The central wavelength for both the transmit and receive optics is 1310 nm.
The MTX circuit pack performs the following functions:
provides the OC-3 optical line interface
provides eight DS1s with 1+1 protection
controls VT1.5 and STS-1 path protection switching
Optical transmit
The MTX circuit pack receives one STS-3 frame from the cross-connect
matrix. It multiplexes the VT1.5s or STS-1s into an STS-3 frame while adding
overhead. Finally, the STS-3 signal is converted into an optical signal and
transmitted on the optical transmit channel.
Optical receive
The MTX circuit pack receives an optical signal on the optical receive channel.
The optical signal is converted into an STS-3 signal and the path overhead is
removed. The STS-3 signal is demultiplexed into constituent VT1.5s or
STS-1s and routed to the cross-connect matrix.
Since the receiver sensitivity is 0 dBm, VOAs are not required.
The MTX circuit pack is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply
Equipping rules
The MTX circuit pack can be installed in slots 3 and 4 of an OC-3 Express CX
shelf. Protected linear systems require two MTX circuit packs in each shelf as
do unidirectional path-switched rings (UPSRs). An unprotected linear system
requires only one MTX circuit pack for each shelf.
MTX protection switching
MTX linear protection switching is 1+1 non-revertive, unidirectional, or
bidirectional. If a fiber cut occurs in either the receive or transmit fibers of the
active fiber path, or the transmitter or receiver MTX circuit pack fails at either
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
end of the active fiber path, traffic is switched from the active MTX transmitter
or receiver to the standby MTX transmitter or receiver. Switching can also take
place under user control.
For bidirectional protection switching, if one of the two fibers fail, traffic on
both fibers is switched to protection. For unidirectional protection switching,
if one fiber fails, traffic from that fiber is switched to protection, traffic on the
other fiber remains on the fiber. Both MTX circuit packs are active if
unidirectional switching and one fiber fails.
The following table provides a list of the MTX circuit pack LEDs. See Figure
3-2 for the MTX interface faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs.
See GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed
LED
Color
Description
Status (top)
Red
Yellow
Loss of signal
Status (bottom)
Green
In service and carrying traffic
Pri Fail
Yellow
Loss of primary timing reference signal
Sec Fail
Yellow
Loss of secondary timing reference signal

The PSC controls DS1 equipment protection switching for all 84 DS1 ports,
and monitors DS1 status, including alarm conditions and performance
monitoring thresholds. If a working DS1 mapper fails, it switches all of the
DS1 traffic to the protection DS1 mapper.
The PSC houses all of the relays that do the protection switching for DS1 ports
1 to 28. The PSC is also responsible for the provisioning and maintenance of
all DS1 mappers.
The PSC circuit pack is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply
Equipping rules
The PSC must be installed in slot 2 before the working and protection DS1
mapper circuit packs can be provisioned.
The following table provides a list of the PSC circuit pack LEDs. See Figure
3-3 for the PSC circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs.
LED
Color
Description
Status
Red
Active
Green
Protection in use
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

The PSX circuit pack houses all of the relays that perform DS1 equipment
protection switching for DS1 ports 29 to 84. The relays are controlled by the
PSC.
The PSX does not have its own point-of-use power supply (PUPS). It falls
under the control of the PSC.
Equipping rules
The PSX must be installed in slot 17 if DS1 ports 29 to 84 are being used.
The following table provides a list of the PSX circuit pack LEDs. See Figure
3-3 for the PSC circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs.
LED
Color
Description
Status (top)
Red
Status (bottom)
Green
Protection in use
DS1 mapper
The DS1 mapper circuit pack receives and transmits DS1 signals from external
equipment and converts them into VT1.5s within the network element. This
circuit pack is fully bidirectional.
A DS1 mapper can support up to 12 independent DS1 facilities
(transmit/receive pairs). Each facility on a mapper can be provisioned
independently of the other facilities.
The DS1 mapper is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply (PUPS)
that converts the 48 V dc office supply to the specific regulated dc voltage
levels required for the local circuitry.
Provisionable facility signal attributes
The facility signal attributes for a DS1 mapper facility are provisionable. Each
signal attribute supports multiple values for transmission factors such as cable
length, frame format and VT1.5 mapping.
Auto-in-service
The Auto IN Service (AINs) feature allows DS1 facilities to be provisioned
with a secondary state of AINS. While in this secondary state no DS1 (copper
side) alarms are raised against the facility. The assumption is that the facility
is placed in this state prior to a valid signal being applied to the circuit. When
a valid signal is applied to the circuit (that is, no LOS, LOF, BPV, DS1-AIS)
and remains stable for the user specified time, the circuit then automatically
goes in-service. Any subsequent alarms are then raised properly.
Note: The DS1 auto-in-service feature is not supported on the OC-3
Express CX shelf.
Equipping rules
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the DS1 mapper can be installed in slots 3 through
10. The first DS1 mapper installed on a shelf should be in slot 3. Any DS1
mapper that is installed in this slot functions as the protection DS1 mapper for
up to seven working mappers. The maximum number of working DS1
mappers that can be inserted in a shelf is seven.
On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, a pair of DS1 mappers can be installed in the
expansion slots. The first DS1 mapper is installed in slot 1. The second DS1
mapper is installed in slot 2 and functions as the protection for the working
DS1 mapper installed in slot 1.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
DS1 protection switching

On the OC-3 Express shelf, DS1 protection switching is 1:N revertive. If the
DS1 mapper becomes defective, the traffic for all of the mapper facilities is
switched to the protection DS1 mapper. Switching can also take place under
user control.
On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, DS1 protection switching is 1+1 nonrevertive.
If the DS1 mapper becomes defective, the traffic for all of the mapper facilities
is switched to the protection DS1 mapper. Switching can also take place under
user control.
The following table provides a list of the DS1 mapper circuit pack LEDs. See
Figure 3-3 for the DS1 circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of
LED
Color
Description
Status (top)
Red
Status (bottom) Green
Carrying traffic
Internal DS1 test generator and monitor

DS1 circuit packs allow you to connect a test signal to a DS1 facility and
monitor a connected signal. The internal DS1 signal generator and monitor can
be set up for any facility on a working DS1 mapper. Before internal test
equipment is connected to a DS1 facility, the facility must be put in an
out-of-service state.
The internal signal generator and internal signal monitor allow you to test DS1
services without using an external test set. Testing consists of verifying
fiber-optic continuity and the operation of all the components in the DS1 signal
path. See GUI System Testing, 323-1051-222G, and GUI Site Testing,
323-1051-220G.
The signal generator can be set up to transmit a test signal in one of two
directions:
into the tributary This causes the facility to transmit a DS1 test signal
towards the LIO (or RIO).
into the network element This causes the facility to transmit a VT1.5 test
signal towards the optics.
The internal monitor can be set up to:

monitor a DS1 signal from the LIO (or RIO)
monitor a VT1.5 signal from the optics
When an internal generator and monitor are set up for a working mapper
facility, the signal generator and monitor are switched over to the protection
mapper when the working mapper traffic is switched to the protection mapper.
Note: The DS1 facility internal signal monitor captures an error rate
(errors per second), not an absolute error count.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
DS3 mapper
The DS3 mapper circuit pack receives and transmits DS3 signals from external
equipment and converts them into STS-1s within the network element. This
circuit pack is fully bidirectional.
The DS3 mapper is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply (PUPS)
that converts the 48 V dc office supply to the specific regulated dc voltage
levels required for the local circuitry.
The facility signal attributes for a DS3 mapper facility are provisionable.
Equipping rules
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the DS3 mapper can be installed in slots 3 through
10. On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, DS3 mappers can be installed in slots 1 and
2. DS3 mappers are installed in pairs. The first DS3 mapper of the pair is
installed in an odd slot. The second DS3 mapper of the pair is installed in the
adjacent even slot. The second DS3 mapper functions as the protection DS3
mapper for the working mapper in the odd slot.
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the maximum number of working DS3 mappers
that can be inserted in a shelf is four. On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, one
working DS3 mapper can be inserted in a shelf.
DS3 protection switching
DS3 protection switching is 1+1 non-revertive. If a working DS3 mapper
becomes defective, the traffic is switched to the protection DS3 mapper.
Switching can also take place under user control.
The following table provides a list of the DS3 mapper circuit pack LEDs. See
Figure 3-3 for the DS3 circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of
LED
Color
Description
Status
Red
Yellow
Loss of signal
Green
Carrying traffic
Active
EC-1 circuit pack

The EC-1 circuit pack receives and transmits EC-1 signals from external
equipment and converts them into VT1.5s or STS-1s within the network
element. This circuit pack is fully bidirectional.
The EC-1 circuit pack is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply
The facility signal attributes for an EC-1 circuit pack facility are provisionable.
Equipping rules
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the EC-1 circuit pack can be installed in slots 3
through 10. On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, EC-1 circuit pack can be installed
in slots 1 and 2. EC-1 circuit packs are installed in pairs. The first EC-1 circuit
packs of the pair is installed in an odd slot. The second EC-1 circuit pack of
the pair is installed in the adjacent even slot. The second EC-1 circuit pack
functions as the protection EC-1 circuit pack for the working circuit pack in
the odd slot.
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the maximum number of working EC-1 circuit
packs that can be inserted in a shelf is four. On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, one
working EC-1 circuit pack can be inserted in a shelf.
EC-1 protection switching
EC-1 protection switching is 1+1 non-revertive. If a working EC-1 circuit pack
becomes defective, the traffic is switched to the protection EC-1 circuit pack.
Switching can also take place under user control.
The following table provides a list of the EC-1 circuit pack LEDs. See Figure
3-3 for the EC-1 circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the
LED
Color
Description
Status
Red
Yellow
Loss of signal
Green
Carrying traffic
Active
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper

The Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper allows Ethernet frames to be
transmitted through an OC-3 Express network. The EIM mapper performs the
following functions:
shelf configuration
point-to-point Ethernet services
point-to-multipoint Ethernet services
end-user management
The OC-3 Express shelf supports a maximum of four EIM mappers (eight
Ethernet ports). The OC-3 Express CX shelf support a maximum of two EIM
mappers (4 Ethernet ports). There are two LAN ports on a single EIM mapper.
Each EIM mapper has two multiport bridges. Each bridge has one LAN-side
port and eight network-side ports. Each network-side port is associated with an
IMA group and can have between zero and eight DS1s associated with it. This
gives a total of 128 possible DS1 connection points on an EIM mapper. A total
of eight DS1s can be assigned at any one time.
The bridge implements the spanning tree protocol and the transparent bridging
function (learning and forwarding). The learning function allows the bridge to
determine the source port associated with a given address. The forwarding
function determines the port to which a data frame is to be routed.
The EIM mapper provides filtering in both the transmit and receive directions
by the RIO on the OC-3 Express or the I/O module on the OC-3 Express CX.
Equipping rules
On the OC-3 Express shelf, the EIM mapper can be installed in any of slots 7
to 10. If a single EIM mapper is equipped in the shelf, the mate slot cannot be
used for other services such as DS1 or DS3. The EIM mapper is only supported
with an SPe circuit pack.
On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, the EIM mapper can be installed in slots 1 or 2.

The following table provides a list of the EIM mapper LEDs. See Figure 3-3
for the EIM mapper faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. See
LED
Color
Description
Status #1
Red
When active, indicates that an EIM circuit pack

equipment failure has been detected.
Status #2
Green
When active, indicates that the EIM equipment is

active and at least one of the bridge facilities is in the
IS state with at least one cross-connect.
Link1
Yellow
When active, indicates that there is no link pulse

detected on Ethernet port 1.
Link 2
Yellow
When active, indicates that there is no link pulse

detected on Ethernet port 2.
Ethernet duplex mode

The EIM bridge Ethernet ports support both half and full duplex modes of
operation. In half duplex mode, the bridge Ethernet ports alternately transmit
or receive LAN traffic. In full duplex mode, the bridge Ethernet ports
simultaneously transmit and receive LAN traffic.
Use the half duplex mode when connecting the EIM bridge to a shared LAN
segment. Use the full duplex mode when connecting the Ethernet port to a
router or LAN switch. The default value of the bridge is half duplex.
Note: The OC-3 Express CX supports only half duplex Ethernet
transmission.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
ILAN circuit pack

The ILAN circuit pack strictly provides the Ethernet hubbing functionality
required to interconnect Express shelves. The ILAN circuit pack provides a
low cost solution to Ethernet connectivity between Express, OC-48 Phoenix
SP, and OPC as well as the capability to daisy-chain up to 16 Express shelves.
The ILAN circuit pack performs the following functions:
hubs the following Ethernet facilities together: ILANSP, ILAN1, and
ILAN2. ILAN SP attaches the co-located SP to the ILAN. ILAN1 and
ILAN2, which are accessed via two 10BaseT connectors on the RIO,
provides two external ILAN connections that allow the daisy-chaining of
shelves.
allows up to 16 network elements to be daisy-chained together. In order to
do this, one NP or ILAN circuit pack is required in each of the shelves
being daisy-chained. The number of network elements allowed to be on the
same ILAN is restricted by transmission delays between and through
network elements which ultimately affects the amount of collisions and
transmissions on the LAN. This number is not related to the NP span of
control.
allows Express shelves to be interconnected with intra-family products if
that product supports an Ethernet interface. The number of different
product shelves may be restricted by the engineering rules for those
products, and not just those for Express.
Equipping rules
The ILAN circuit pack must be inserted in slot 16 only.
The following table provides a list of the ILAN circuit pack LEDs. See Figure
3-3 for the ILAN circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the
LED
Color
Description
Status
Red
Yellow
Loss of signal
Green
Carrying traffic
Active
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
4-1
DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection

switching
4OC-3 Express
DS1 ports 1 to 28 connect to the shelf through the left input/output (LIO).
DS1 ports 29 to 84 connect to the shelf through the right input/output (RIO).
EIM bridges 1 to 8 connect to the shelf through the right input/output (RIO).
DS1 receive signal flow
The receive signal path for DS1 ports 1 to 28 differs from the path used by
ports 29 to 84. For this reason, this section is divided into two separate
descriptions; one for each group of DS1s.
DS1 ports 1 to 28
Figure 4-1 shows the signal flow for DS1 ports 1 to 28.
Received DS1s split at the left extender (LEX). One side of each DS1 connects
to a working mapper and the other side connects to the protection switch
controller (PSC). That is:
DS1 ports 1 to 12 connect to DS1 mapper in slot 4 and the PSC
DS1 ports 13 to 24 connect to DS1 mapper in slot 5 and the PSC
DS1 ports 25 to 28 connect to the DS1 mapper in slot 6 and the PSC
Working path
Under normal circumstances (when a working DS1 mapper functions

correctly), a working mapper converts the received DS1s into VT1.5s. It then
maps the VT1.5s into an STS-1 and transmits the STS-1 to the VT
cross-connect circuit pack (VTX). The connection between the mapper
consists of nine lines (eight data and one parity) that transmit data from the
mapper to the VTX at an STS-3 rate. Since a DS1 mapper can never transmit
more than 12 VT1.5s, all of the VT1.5s are mapped into one STS-1 and the
other two STS-1s transmitted by the mapper carry no traffic.
4-2 DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection switching
The VTX strips the VT1.5s from the STS-1 it receives from the mapper. It then
maps the VT1.5s into an STS-1 frame according to the cross-connect tables in
its nonvolatile memory. (The cross-connects are provisioned in a TL1 session
before the DS1 tributary is put into service.) The VT1.5 is mapped to a VTG
within one of the three STS-1s in the STS-3 that the VTX transmits to the
working and protection OC-3 interfaces.
Each OC-3 interface adds line and path overhead to the STS-3, converts the
STS-3 into an OC-3 and transmits the OC-3 on the transmit optical fiber.
Protection path
When a working DS1 mapper fails, (that is, if any of the DS1 ports on the
mapper fails) the PSC bridges all the working mapper DS1 inputs to the
protection DS1 mapper. The protection DS1 mapper takes over for the working
mapper, converting the received DS1s into VT1.5s, mapping them to an
STS-1, and transmitting the STS-1 to the VTX.
The PSC compares the defective VT1.5 signal from the working mapper and
the corresponding signal from the protection mapper. If the signals are
identical (defective in the same way) the PSC concludes that the working
mapper is not the problem and that a faulty signal is being received by the
shelf. If the protection mapper output is good, the PSC concludes that the
working mapper is defective, connects working mapper input to the protection
mapper by closing the appropriate relays on the PSC, and signals the VTX to
receive traffic from the protection mapper instead of the working mapper.
The PSC continues to monitor the output of the defective working DS1
mapper. When the working mapper signals are restored (for example, when the
defective DS1 mapper circuit pack is replaced with a functional circuit pack)
the PSC concludes that the working mapper is operational. The PSC
disconnects the working mapper input from the protection mapper by opening
the appropriate relays on the PSC, and signals the VTX to receive traffic from
the working mapper instead of the protection mapper.
DS1 ports 29 to 84
Figure 4-2 shows the receive signal flow for DS1 ports 29 to 84. The receive
signal flow for these DS1 signals is similar to that of DS1 ports 1 to 28 except
that the signals come in on the REX and the protection switch extender (PSX)
does the physical switching instead of the PSC. The PSC controls the relays on
the PSX.
All of the DS1 mapper circuit packs are protected by the DS1 mapper circuit
pack in slot 3.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection switching 4-3

Figure 4-1
DS1 receive signal flowDS1 ports 1 to 28 (OC-3 Express)
EX0038
Protection
DS1
mapper
(slot 3)
STS-
DS1 (25-28
LE
DS1 (25-28
DS1 (13-24
DS1 (13-24
DS1 (1-12)
DS1 (1-12)
OC-3
Tx
VT
PS
DS1 (1-12)
DS1 (13-24
DS1 (25-28
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 4)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 5)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 6)
STSSTS-
OC-3
Tx
STS-
STS-
EX0038

Figure 4-2
DS1 receive signal flow DS1 ports 29 to 84 (OC-3 Express)
EX0039
Note: The PSC controls the PSX relays.

The PSC is not shown in this diagram
Protection
DS1
mapper
(slot 3)
STS-
DS1 (73-84
RE
DS1 (73-84
DS1 (61-72
DS1 (61-72
DS1 (49-60
DS1 (49-60
DS1 (37-48
DS1 (37-48
DS1 (29-36
DS1 (29-36
Tx
VT
PS
STS-
DS1 (29-36
DS1 (37-48
DS1 (49-60
DS1 (61-72
DS1 (73-84
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 6)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 7)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 8)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 9)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 10
OC-3
Tx
STS-
STS-
STS-
STS-
STS-
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
EX0039
DS1 transmit signal flow

The transmit signal path for DS1 ports 1 to 28 differs from the path used by
ports 29 to 84. For this reason, this section is divided into two separate
descriptions; one for each group of DS1s.
DS1 ports 1 to 28
Figure 4-3 shows transmit signal flow for DS1 ports 1 to 28.
Each OC-3 interface circuit pack (the normally working circuit pack in an odd
slot and the protection circuit pack in the adjacent even slot) extracts an STS-3
from the receive optical lines. Each circuit pack transmits the STS-3 signal to
the VTX. For each of the incoming STS-3 signals, the VTX extracts STS-1s
from the incoming STS-3, and extracts VT1.5s from the STS-1 if the STS-1
contains VT1.5s.
Consequently, the VTX has a choice of which VT1.5 (from the working OC-3
circuit pack in the odd slot or the protection OC-3 circuit pack in the adjacent
even slot) it can transmit to the DS1 mappers. It makes the choice on the basis
of signal quality. If there is a difference in the quality of the two VT1.5s, it will
select the higher quality signal, and send it to the appropriate DS1 mapper. If
there is no difference in the quality of the VT1.5s, the VTX continues
transmitting VT1.5s from its current source (either the working OC-3 circuit
pack in the odd slot or the protection OC-3 circuit pack in the adjacent even
slot).
Working path
The connection between the mapper and the VTX consists of nine lines (eight
data and one parity) that transmit data from the VTX to the mapper at an STS-3
rate. All of the VT1.5 s are mapped into one STS-1. The other two STS-1s,
transmitted by the VTX, carry no traffic.
Each mapper extracts up to 12 VT1.5s from the STS-1 transmitted by the VTX.
Under normal circumstances (when a working DS1 mapper functions
correctly), the mapper converts each VT1.5 into a DS1, and transmits the DS1
to the LEX.
Protection path
When a working DS1 mapper fails in the DS1 transmit direction, the PSC
detects the failure, instructs the VTX to send the working mapper traffic (both
directions) to the protection mapper and closes the appropriate relays on the
PSC so that the protection mapper traffic is connected to the LEX instead of
the working mapper.

Figure 4-3
DS1 transmit signal flow DS1 ports 1 to 28 (OC-3 Express)
EX0040
STS-
Protection
DS1
mapper
(slot 3)
STS-
OC-3
Rx
PS
VT
STSOC-3
STS-
Rx
STS-
STS-
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 4)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 5)
Working
DS1
mapper
(slot 6)
DS1 (1-12)
LE
DS1 (1-12)
DS1 (13-24
DS1 (13-24
DS1 (25-28
DS1 (25-28
DS1 (1-12)
DS1 (13-24
DS1 (25-28
EX0040
DS1 ports 29 to 84
Figure 4-4 shows the transmit signal flow for DS1 ports 29 to 84. The transmit
signal flow for these DS1 signals is similar to that of DS1 ports 1 to 28 except
that the signals exit on the right extender (REX) and the protection switch
extender (PSX) does the physical switching instead of the PSC. The PSC
controls the relays on the PSX.
All the DS1 mapper circuit packs are protected by the DS1 mapper circuit pack
in slot 3.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Figure 4-4
DS1 transmit signal flow DS1 ports 29 to 84 (OC-3 Express)
EX0042
Note: The PSC controls the PSX relays.

The PSC is not shown in this diagram
STS-
OC-3
Protection
DS
mapper
(slot 3)
STS-
Rx
PS
VT
OC-3
DS1 (29-36
RE
DS1 (29-36
DS1 (37-48
DS1 (37-48
DS1 (49-60
DS1 (49-60
DS1 (61-72
DS1 (61-72
DS1 (73-84
DS1 (73-84
STSRx
STS-
Working
DS
mapper
(slot 6)
DS1 (29-36
STS-
Working
DS
mapper
(slot 7)
DS1 (37-48
STS-
Working
DS
mapper
(slot 8)
DS1 (49-60
STS-
Working
DS
mapper
(slot 9)
DS1 (61-72
STS-
Working
DS
mapper
(slot 10
DS1 (73-84
EX0042
EIM receive signal flow

In the transmit direction, the EIM mapper bridges Ethernet frames to ATM.
Inverse multiplexing over ATM (IMA) technology splits the ATM cells into
multiple DS1s for transport. For each remote site, the multiple DS1s form a
single logical ATM pipe (IMA group). The DS1s are mapped to VT1.5s and
transported to the VTX. There is no protection mapper.
OC-3 Express CX
If DS1 mappers are installed in slots 1 and 2 of the OC-3 Express CX shelf,
DS1 ports 9 to 20 connect to the shelf through the DS1 expansion services
circuit pack of the input/output (I/O) module.
Note: The main transport (MTX) circuit pack on the OC-3 Express CX
shelf provides the first eight DS1 signals. DS1 ports 1 to 8 connect to the
shelf through the common circuit pack of the I/O module.
DS1 receive signal flow
DS1 ports 9 to 20
For the receive signal flow for DS1 ports 9 to 20, one side of each DS1
connects to a working mapper and the other side connects to the corresponding
protection mapper. Normally, the working mapper is in slot 1 and the
protection mapper is in slot 2.
Working path
Under normal circumstances (when a working mapper functions correctly),

the working mapper converts the received DS1 signals into VT1.5s. It then
maps the VT1.5s into an STS-1 and transmits the STS-1 to the main transport
(MTX) circuit pack. The connection between the mapper consists of nine lines
(eight data and one parity) that transmit data from the mapper to the MTX at
an STS-3 rate. Since a DS1 mapper can never transmit more than 12 VT1.5s,
all of the VT1.5s are mapped into one STS-1 and the other two STS-1s
transmitted by the mapper carry no traffic.
The MTX strips the VT1.5s from the STS-1 it receives from the mapper. It then
maps the VT1.5s into an STS-1 frame according to the cross-connect tables in
its nonvolatile memory. (The cross-connects are provisioned in a TL1 session
before the tributary is put into service.) The VT1.5 is mapped to a VTG within
one of the three STS-1s in the STS-3 frame. The MTX circuit pack adds line
and path overhead to the STS-3, converts the STS-3 into an OC-3 signal, and
transmits the OC-3 on the transmit optical fiber.
Protection path
When a working mapper fails, the protection mapper receives the incoming
DS1 signal. The protection mapper converts the DS1 signal into VT1.5s and
maps them into an STS-1 that it transmits to the MTX circuit pack.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Transmit signal flow

DS1 ports 9 to 20
For the transmit signal flow for DS1 ports 9 to 20, one side of each DS1
connects to a working mapper and the other side connects to the corresponding
protection mapper. Normally, the working mapper is in slot 1 and the
protection mapper is in slot 2.
Each MTX circuit pack extracts an STS-3 from the receive optical lines. For
each of the incoming STS-3 signals, the MTX extracts STS-1s from the
incoming STS-3, and extracts VT1.5s from the STS-1 if the STS-1 contains
VT1.5s.
Consequently, the MTX has a choice of which VT1.5 (from the working MTX
circuit pack in the odd slot or the protection MTX circuit pack in the adjacent
even slot) it can transmit to the DS1 mappers. It makes the choice on the basis
of signal quality. If there is a difference in the quality of the two VT1.5s, it will
select the higher quality signal, and send it to the appropriate DS1 mapper. If
there is no difference in the quality of the VT1.5s, the MTX continues
transmitting VT1.5s from its current source.
Working path
The connection between the mapper and the MTX consists of nine lines (eight
data and one parity) that transmit data from the MTX to the mapper at an
STS-3 rate. All of the VT1.5 s are mapped into one STS-1 and the other two
STS-1s transmitted by the MTX carry no traffic.
Each mapper extracts up to 12 VT1.5s from the STS-1 transmitted by the
MTX. Under normal circumstances (when a working DS1 mapper functions
correctly), the mapper converts each VT1.5 into a DS1, and transmits the DS1
to the DS1 mapper.
Protection path
When a working DS1 mapper fails in the DS1 transmit direction, the relay on
the working mapper opens, and the relay on the protection mapper closes. The
MTX sends the working mapper traffic (both directions) to both the working
and the protection mapper.
EIM transmit signal flow
In the receive direction, the EIM mapper receives VT1.5s from the VTX and
maps them to multiple DS1s. IMA converts the DS1s into ATM cells. The EIM
mapper then converts ATM cells into Ethernet frames. There is no protection
mapper.
DS1 autonomous protection switching

OC-3 Express
DS1 protection switching is 1:N (N 7) revertive and bidirectional only.
One protection DS1 mapper can protect up to seven working mappers. If any
one of the 12 DS1 ports on a DS1 mapper fails in either the DS1 transmit or
receive direction, the protection mapper takes over all 12 ports in both the
transmit and receive directions.
If an additional working DS1 mapper fails while the protection mapper is
carrying traffic for a failed working mapper, the newly failed mapper will lose
traffic on the failed ports.
When a failed mapper is replaced with a functional mapper, the VTX detects
the corrected signal and traffic returns from the protection mapper to the
working mapper.
OC-3 Express CX
DS1 protection switching is 1+1 nonrevertive and bidirectional.
Each DS1 service consists of a pair of mappers, one working and one
protection, both of which can carry traffic. If the working mapper fails in either
the transmit or receive direction, the protection mapper takes over in both the
When a failed mapper is replaced with a functional mapper, traffic does not
automatically switch back to the original mapper. The user must manually
switch traffic back to that mapper, if desired.
It is recommended that the odd-numbered circuit pack be used for the normally
active or working interface and the even-numbered circuit pack be used for the
normally standby or protection interface.
User protection switching

DS1 traffic can be switched between the protection mapper and the working
mapper under user control. In many cases, user DS1 protection switches
override autonomous switches and should therefore be used with care. See
GUI Protection Switching, 323-1051-311G, for a complete description of user
protection switching and how it affects autonomous protection switching.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
5-1
5-
A service consists of a series of network element circuit packs provisioned in

such a way that the network element receives an incoming signal (DS1, DS3,
EC-1, or OC-3) and transmits it on the fiber-optic cables. This chapter provides
an overview of provisioning for DS1, DS3, EC-1, and EIM services.
Figure 5-1 shows the circuit packs in the DS1 path on an OC-3 Express shelf,
and the provisioning required for each of the circuit packs in the path. Figure
5-2 shows the circuit packs in the DS3 or EC-1 path on an OC-3 Express shelf,
and the provisioning required for each of the circuit packs in the path.
Extender circuit packs

The right and left extenders on an OC-3 Express shelf contain no active
components and therefore require no provisioning.
Protection switch controller and protection switch extender

The protection switch controller (PSC) and protection switch extender (PSX)
on the OC-3 Express shelf perform all DS1 mapper protection switching. The
PSC controls the relays on the PSX to perform the switching.
The PSC performs the DS1 mapper switching for DS1 ports 1 to 28. If the DS1
mapper in slot 4 (ports 1 to 12) or slot 5 (ports 13 to 24) fails, the PSC switches
all the working mapper facilities to the protection DS1 mapper. If the DS1
mapper in slot 6 (ports 25 to 36) fails, the PSC switches ports 25 to 28 to the
protection DS1 mapper and the PSX switches ports 29 to 36 to the protection
DS1 mapper.
The PSX performs the DS1 mapper switching for DS1 ports 29 to 84. If the
DS1 mapper in slot 7 (ports 37 to 48), slot 8 (ports 49 to 60),
slot 9 (ports 61 to 72), or slot 10 (ports 73 to 84) fails, the protection switch
extender circuit pack switches all the working mapper facilities to the
protection DS1 mapper.
The PSC and the PSX circuit packs autoprovision when they are inserted in the
shelf. The PSC cannot be deleted if any DS1 facilities or equipment are in
service. Deleting the PSC also removes the PSX.
5-2 Equipment and facility provisioning
A deleted PSC circuit pack remains deleted until the circuit pack is added to
the shelf (manually provisioned) or the circuit pack is physically removed and
then reinserted in the shelf. Upon reinsertion, the circuit pack autoprovisions,
and appears in shelf inventory again. If a PSX is present in the shelf when the
PSC is manually provisioned, the PSX also reappears in shelf inventory. If the
PSX is reinserted in the shelf, it autoprovisions and appears in shelf inventory.
Working DS1 mapper

Each DS1 mapper supports up to 12 DS1 facilities. Before a DS1 facility can
be created on a mapper, the mapper must be provisioned (a provisioned
mapper appears in the shelf equipment inventory) and in-service.
Under normal working conditions, a working DS1 mapper autoprovisions
when inserted in the shelf. That is, the working mapper provisions itself and
puts itself in-service.
If a working mapper is deleted (deprovisioned), it no longer appears in the
shelf equipment inventory. The mapper remains deleted until it is added to the
shelf (manually provisioned) or the circuit pack is physically removed and then
reinserted in the shelf. Upon reinsertion, the circuit pack autoprovisions, and
appears in the shelf inventory again.
A DS1 mapper cannot be deleted from a shelf until it is in an out-of-service
state and all the mapper facilities have been deleted.
DS1 facility (working mapper)

On an OC-3 Express shelf, each facility channels traffic between the backplane
extender and virtual tributary cross-connect (VTX) module. On an OC-3
Express CX shelf, each facility channels traffic between the backplane and the
main transport (MTX) circuit pack. Before a facility can channel traffic, it
must be provisioned and in an in-service state.
Under normal working conditions, all 12 facilities on a mapper autoprovision
immediately after the mapper enters an in-service state. That is, each facility
provisions itself and puts itself in-service.
If a facility on a working mapper is deleted, traffic for the corresponding port
is not channeled. The facility remains deleted until it is manually provisioned,
or the DS1 mapper circuit pack is deleted, removed, and then reinserted in the
shelf. If a facility is deleted and the circuit pack is removed and reinserted in
the shelf, the facility does not autoprovision. It must be manually provisioned
on the mapper.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Equipment and facility provisioning 5-3

DS1 facility signal attributes
Each DS1 facility can be provisioned with varying values for its signal
attributes. When the facility autoprovisions, the default values are set for each
facility signal attribute. If a value other than the default is required, the
non-default value must be user provisioned.
Auto-in-service
The auto-in-service (AINS) feature allows DS1 facilities to be provisioned

with a secondary state of AINS. While in this secondary state no DS1 (copper
side) alarms are raised against the facility. The assumption is that the facility
is placed in this state prior to a valid signal being applied to the circuit. When
a valid signal is applied to the circuit (that is, no LOS, LOF, BPV, DS1-AIS)
and remains stable for the user-specified time, the circuit automatically goes
in-service. Any subsequent alarms are then raised properly.
Note: The DS1 auto-in-service feature is not supported on the OC-3
Express CX shelf.
Protection DS1 mapper

For the protection mapper to protect the working mappers, the mapper must be
provisioned (a provisioned mapper appears in the shelf equipment inventory)
and in an in-service state.
Under normal working conditions, a protection DS1 mapper autoprovisions
puts itself in an in-service state.
If a protection mapper is deleted (deprovisioned), it no longer appears in the
shelf (manually provisioned) or the DS1 equipment is also deleted, the circuit
pack is removed and reinserted in the shelf. Upon reinsertion, the DS1 mapper
provisions itself and puts itself in an in-service state.
A DS1 protection mapper cannot be deleted when it is carrying traffic for a
working mapper.
DS1 facility (protection mapper)

The protection mapper does not support any of its own DS1 facilities.
Consequently, there are no protection mapper facilities to put in an
out-of-service state or delete.

Figure 5-1
OC-3 ExpressDS1 circuit packs and circuit pack provisioning
EX0043
PSC circuit pack must be

provisioned *
Protection DS1 mapper must be:

- provisioned *
- in an in-service state *
Facility #12
Facility #11
Facility #10
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
PS
VTG
VTG
Protection
DS1 mapper
Facility #12
Facility #11
Facility #10
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
Facility #
PS
VTG
VTG
VTG
STS-
VTG
Working
DS1 mapper
VTX
OC-3
DS1s
VTX mapper must be:
All working mapper facilities must be:
- provisioned *
- provisioned *
- provisioned with VT1.5 to
OC-3 crossconnects
- set up with correct
facility attributes **
Working DS1 mapper must be:
OC-3 circuit pack must be:
- provisioned *
- provisioned *
Legend
* An asterisk indicates provisioning that takes
place automatically under normal conditions.
** A double asterisk indicates provisioning that
results in default parameters being assigned to
a facility during the autoprovisioning process.
Default values may not be correct for your system.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Note All signals lines in this diagram are

bidirectional. That is, they all consist of a
transmit and receive line in the OC-3
Express shelf.
EX0043

Figure 5-2
OC-3 ExpressDS3 and EC-1 circuit packs and circuit pack provisioning
EX0044
Protection DS3 or EC-1 mapper must be:

- provisioned *
DS3 or EC-
STS-1 #1
VT
STS-1 #1
Working
DS3 or EC-1
mapper
All working mapper facilities
must be:
- provisioned *
- set up with correct facility
signal attributes **
STS-
OC-3
OC-3 circuit pack must be:

- provisioned *
VTX mapper must be:

- provisioned *
- provisioned with VT1.5 to
OC-3 crossconnects
Working DS3 or EC-1 mapper must be:

- provisioned *
EX0044
Legend
* An asterisk indicates provisioning that takes
place automatically under normal conditions.
** A double asterisk indicates provisioning that
results in default parameters being assigned to
a facility during the autoprovisioning process.
Default values may not be correct for your system.
Note 1 An EC-1 mapper can also carry up to

28 VT1.5 facilities within the STS-1. The
facilities are divided into 7 VTGs, each
carrying 4 VT1.5s.
Note 2 All signal lines in this diagram are
bidirectional. That is, they all consist of a
transmit and receive line in the OC-3
Express shelf.
Working DS3 or EC-1 mapper

Each DS3 or EC-1 mapper supports one STS-1 facility. Before an STS-1
facility can be created on a mapper, the mapper must be provisioned (a
provisioned mapper appears in the shelf equipment inventory) and in an
in-service state. An EC-1 mapper can support up to 28 VT1.5 facilities within
the STS-1 facility.
Under normal working conditions, a working DS3 or EC-1 mapper
autoprovisions when inserted in the shelf. That is, the working mapper
provisions itself and puts itself in an in-service state. On an OC-3 Express
shelf, DS3 and EC-1 mappers are inserted in any of slots 3 through 10. On an
OC-3 Express CX shelf, DS3 and EC-1 mappers are inserted in slots 1 and 2.
The mappers are inserted in pairs, with the mapper in the odd slot the working
mapper and the mapper in the adjacent even slot the protection mapper.
shelf equipment inventory. The mapper remains deleted until the circuit pack
is added to the shelf (manually provisioned) or the circuit pack is physically
removed and then reinserted in the shelf. Upon reinsertion, the circuit pack
autoprovisions, and appears in the shelf inventory again.
A mapper cannot be deleted from a shelf until it is in an out-of-service state
and all the mapper facilities have been deleted.
DS3 or EC-1 facility (working mapper)

extender and the VTX module. On an OC-3 Express CX shelf, each facility
channels traffic between the backplane and the MTX circuit pack. Before a
facility can channel traffic, it must be provisioned and in an in-service state.
Under normal working conditions, the STS-1 facility on a mapper
autoprovisions immediately after the mapper enters an in-service state. That is,
the facility provisions itself and puts itself in an in-service state.
If a working mapper facility is deleted, its traffic is not channeled. The facility
remains deleted until the facility is manually provisioned, or the circuit pack is
placed out of service, removed and reinserted in the shelf. Upon reinsertion,
the equipment and facility autoprovision.
DS3 and EC-1 facility signal attributes
Each DS3 and EC-1 facility can be provisioned with varying values for some
of the signal attributes. When the facility autoprovisions, the default values are
set for each facility signal attribute. If a value other than the default is required,
the non-default value must be user provisioned.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Protection DS3 or EC-1 mapper

For the protection mapper to protect the working mappers, the mapper must be
and in an in-service state.
Under normal working conditions, a protection DS3 or EC-1 mapper
autoprovisions when inserted in the shelf. That is, the working mapper
provisions itself and puts itself in an in-service state.
If a protection mapper is deleted (deprovisioned), it no longer appears in the
is added to the shelf (manually provisioned) or the circuit pack is physically
removed and then reinserted in the shelf.
A DS3 or EC-1 mapper cannot be deleted when it is carrying traffic for a
working mapper.
DS3 or EC-1 facility (protection mapper)

The protection mapper does not support any of its own DS3 or EC-1 facilities.
Consequently, there are no protection mapper facilities to put in an
out-of-service state or delete.
VTX module
The VTX, VTX+, or VTXe circuit pack performs the following functions:
stores the time slot assignments for the cross-connects
packs VTGs or STS-1s into an STS-3 (receive direction)
extracts VTGs or STS-1s from an STS-3 (transmit direction)
controls all DS1, DS3, and EC-1 equipment protection switching
controls all VT1.5 and STS-1 path switching
For the VTX module to carry out these functions, the VTX must be
provisioned (appear in the shelf equipment inventory)
provisioned with cross-connects that specify how the tributary mapper
VTGs and STS-1s are to be mapped on to the OC-3 circuit pack STS-3
provisioned with cross-connects that specify how VTGs and STS-1s
extracted from the OC-3 circuit pack STS-3s are to be distributed to the
tributary mappers
The shelf automatically creates provisioning data for the VTX, even if no VTX
circuit packs are present in the shelf. Once the VTX circuit packs are plugged
in, they receive their provisioning data from the shelf processor. There is no
user command to provision or delete the VTX circuit pack from the shelf
equipment inventory. Only one VTX circuit pack can be put out-of-service at
a time.
MTX circuit pack

The MTX circuit pack performs the following functions:
provides the OC-3 optical line interface
provides eight DS1s
stores the time slot assignments for the cross-connects
packs VTGs or STS-1s into an STS-3 (receive direction)
extracts VTGs or STS-1s from an STS-3 (transmit direction)
controls all DS1, DS3, and EC-1 equipment protection switching
controls all VT1.5 and STS-1 path switching
For the MTX circuit pack to carry out these functions, the MTX must be
provisioned (appear in the shelf equipment inventory)
provisioned with cross-connects that specify how the tributary mapper
VTGs and STS-1s are to be mapped on to the STS-3
provisioned with cross-connects that specify how VTGs and STS-1s
extracted from the STS-3s are to be distributed to the tributary mappers
The MTX circuit packs are permanently provisioned in slots 3 and 4 of the
OC-3 Express CX shelf and cannot be deprovisioned. Once the MTX circuit
packs are plugged in, they receive their provisioning data from the shelf
processor. There is no user command to provision or delete the MTX circuit
pack from the shelf equipment inventory. Only one MTX circuit pack can be
put out-of-service at a time.
DS1 facilities on a MTX circuit pack
Under normal working conditions, all eight DS1 facilities on a MTX circuit
pack autoprovision immediately after the MTX enters an in-service state. That
is, each DS1 facility provisions itself and puts itself in-service.
If a DS1 facility on a working MTX is deleted, traffic for the corresponding
port is not channeled. The facility remains deleted until it is manually
provisioned, or the MTX circuit pack is put out of service, removed, and then
reinserted in to the shelf.
Working EIM mapper

Before an EIM facility can be created on a mapper, the mapper must be
and in-service.
Under normal working conditions, a working EIM mapper autoprovisions
puts itself in-service.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

shelf (manually provisioned) or the circuit pack is physically removed and then
appears in the shelf inventory again.
An EIM mapper cannot be deleted from a shelf until it is in an out-of-service
state and all the mapper facilities have been deleted.
EIM facility (working mapper)

extender and virtual tributary cross-connect (VTX) module. On an OC-3
Express CX shelf, each facility channels traffic between the backplane and the
main transport (MTX) circuit pack. Before a facility can channel traffic, it
must be provisioned and in an in-service state.
Under normal working conditions, all facilities on a mapper autoprovision
immediately after the mapper enters an in-service state. That is, each facility
provisions itself and puts itself in-service.
If a facility on a working mapper is deleted, traffic for the corresponding port
is not channeled. The facility remains deleted until it is manually provisioned,
or the EIM mapper circuit pack is deleted, removed, and then reinserted in the
shelf. If a facility is deleted and the circuit pack is removed and reinserted in
the shelf, the facility does not autoprovision. It must be manually provisioned
on the mapper.
EIM facility signal attributes
Each EIM facility can be provisioned with varying values for its signal
attributes. When the facility autoprovisions, the default values are set for each
facility signal attribute. If a value other than the default is required, the
non-default value must be user provisioned.
OC-3 circuit packs

The OC-3 circuit packs require no tributary-related provisioning. However, the
OC-3 circuit packs must be provisioned (appear in the shelf equipment
inventory) and in an in-service state.
Under normal conditions, an OC-3 circuit pack autoprovisions when the
circuit pack is inserted in a shelf. That is, the circuit pack provisions itself
(adds itself to the shelf equipment inventory) and puts itself in an in-service
state.
If an OC-3 circuit pack is deleted (deprovisioned), it no longer appears in the
is added to the shelf (manually provisioned) or is physically removed and then
appears in shelf inventory again.
End-to-end service
An end-to-end service consists of two tributary services (DS1, DS3, EC-1,
OC-3, or EIM) that form the termination points for a unidirectional or
bidirectional signal, and all of the passthrough cross-connects in the
passthrough network elements.
Figure 5-3 shows a bidirectional end-to-end service in a four network element
unidirectional path switched ring (UPSR). The two end-point services are
referred to as the far-end and near-end services to distinguish between the two
services, rather than to indicate distance relative to each other or some other
service.
Figure 5-3
End-to-end service in a UPSR
EX0045
Near-end
tributary servic
Tributary
Rx
Tributary
Tx
Rx
Tx
Tx
Rx
Near-end
network elemen
Tx
Tx
Rx
Rx
Tx
Rx
Passthrough
network elemen
Passthrough
crossconnect
Rx
Passthrough
network elemen
Tx
Passthrough
crossconnect
Rx
Tx
Far-end
network elemen
Rx
Tx
Tx
Rx
Tributary
Tx
Tributary
Rx
EX0045
Far-end
tributary servic
Note The tributary can be a

DS1, DS3 or EC-1 service
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
6-1
DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection

switching
6OC-3 Express
DS3 and EC-1 tributaries in slots 5 through 10 connect to the OC-3 Express
shelf through the left input/output (LIO). DS3 and EC-1 tributaries in slots 3
and 4 connect to the shelf through the right input/output (RIO).
DS3 and EC-1 receive signal flow
Figure 6-1 shows the signal flow for DS3 or EC-1 tributaries. Received signals
split at the left extender (LEX) for signals for tributaries in slots 5 through 10,
and at the right extender (REX) for signals for tributaries in slots 3 and 4. One
side of each DS3 or EC-1 connects to a working mapper and the other side
connects to the corresponding protection mapper. Normally, the working
mapper is in an odd slot and the protection mapper is in the adjacent even slot.
Working path

the working mapper converts the received DS3 or EC-1 signal into an STS-1
(or 28 VT1.5s for an EC-1 signal) and transmit the STS-1 to the VT
cross-connect (VTX) circuit pack. The connection between the mapper
consists of nine lines (eight data and one parity) that transmit data from the
mapper to the VTX at an STS-3 rate. Since a DS3 or EC-1 mapper can never
transmit more than one STS-1, the other two STS-1s transmitted by the mapper
carry no traffic.
The VTX maps the STS-1 it receives from the mapper into an STS-1 frame
according to the time slot assignment tables in its nonvolatile memory. (The
time slot assignments are provisioned in a TL1 session before the tributary is
put into service.) The STS-1 is mapped to one of the three STS-1s in the STS-3
that the VTX transmits to the OC-3 interfaces.
Each OC-3 interface adds line and path overhead to the STS-3, converts the
STS-3 into an OC-3 and transmits the OC-3 on the transmit optical fiber.
6-2 DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching

Protection path
DS3 or EC-1 signal and converts it into an STS-1 that it transmits to the VTX
circuit pack.
DS3 and EC-1 transmit signal flow
Figure 6-2 shows the transmit signal flow for DS3 or EC-1 tributaries.
Each pair of OC-3 circuit packs (in an odd and an even slot, normally slot 11
and 12) extracts an STS-3 from the receive optical lines. Each circuit pack
transmits the STS-3 signal to the VTX. For each of the incoming STS-3
signals, the VTX extracts STS-1s from the incoming STS-3, and for an EC-1
mapper can extract VT1.5s from the STS-1 if the STS-1 contains VT1.5s.
Consequently, the VTX has a choice of which STS-1 (from the OC-3 circuit
pack in the odd slot or the even slot) it can transmit to the DS3 or EC-1
mappers. (If the STS-1 contains VT1.5s, the VTX transmits VT1.5s to the
EC-1 mappers.) It makes the choice on the basis of signal quality. If there is a
difference in the quality of the two signals, it will select the higher quality
signal, and send it to the appropriate DS3 or EC-1 mapper. If there is no
difference in the quality of the signals, the VTX continues transmitting the
signal from its current source (the OC-3 circuit pack in either the odd slot or
the even slot).
Working path
The connection between the mapper and the VTX consists of nine lines (eight
data and one parity) that transmit data from the VTX to the mappers at an
STS-3 rate. One STS-1 carries traffic, and the other two STS-1s transmitted by
the VTX are empty.
Under normal circumstances (when a working DS3 or EC-1 mapper functions
correctly), the mapper converts the STS-1 transmitted by the VTX into a DS3
or EC-1, and transmits the DS3 or EC-1 to the LEX.
Protection path
When a working DS3 or EC-1 mapper fails in the transmit direction, the relay
on the working mapper opens, and the relay on the protection mapper closes
to connect the protection mapper to the LEX or REX. The VTX sends the
working mapper traffic (both directions) to both the working and the protection
mapper.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching 6-3

Figure 6-1
OC-3 Express receive signal flowDS3 or EC-1 tributaries
EX0046
STSDS3 or EC-
LE
or
REX
(see note)
Working
mapper
OC-3
Tx
VT
Protection
mapper
STS-
Note Incoming DS3 or EC-1 signals for slots 5

through 10 go through the LEX. Incoming signals
for slots 3 and 4 go through the REX
OC-3
Tx
EX0046
Figure 6-2
OC-3 Express transmit signal flowDS3 or EC-1 tributaries
EX0047
OC-3
STS-
Rx
VT
Working
mapper
LE
or
REX
(see note)
DS3 or EC-
Protection
mapper
OC-3
STS-
Rx
EX0047
Note Outgoing DS3 or EC-1 signals from slots 5

through 10 go through the LEX. Outgoing signals
from slots 3 and 4 go through the REX.
OC-3 Express CX
DS3 or EC-1 tributaries in slots 1 and 2 connect to the OC-3 Express CX shelf
through the expansion services pack of the input/output (I/O) module.
Receive signal flow
One side of each DS3 or EC-1 connects to a working mapper and the other side
connects to the corresponding protection mapper. Normally, the working
mapper is in slot 1 and the protection mapper is in slot 2.
Working path

the working mapper converts the received DS3 or EC-1 signal into an STS-1
(or 28 VT1.5s for an EC-1 signal) and transmit the STS-1 to the main transport
(MTX) circuit pack. The connection between the mapper consists of nine lines
(eight data and one parity) that transmit data from the mapper to the MTX at
an STS-3 rate. Since a DS3 or EC-1 mapper can never transmit more than one
STS-1, the other two STS-1s transmitted by the mapper carry no traffic.
The MTX maps the STS-1 it receives from the mapper into an STS-1 frame
according to the time slot assignment tables in its nonvolatile memory. (The
time slot assignments are provisioned in a TL1 session before the tributary is
put into service.) The STS-1 is mapped to one of the three STS-1s in the STS-3
frame. The MTX circuit pack adds line and path overhead to the STS-3,
converts the STS-3 into an OC-3 signal, and transmits the OC-3 on the transmit
optical fiber.
Protection path
DS3 or EC-1 signal and converts it into an STS-1 that it transmits to the MTX
circuit pack.
Transmit signal flow
Each pair of MTX circuit packs (in slots 3 and 4) extracts an STS-3 from the
receive optical lines. For each of the incoming STS-3 signals, the MTX
extracts STS-1s from the incoming STS-3, and for an EC-1 mapper can extract
VT1.5s from the STS-1 if the STS-1 contains VT1.5s.
Consequently, the MTX has a choice of which STS-1 it can transmit to the DS3
or EC-1 mappers. (If the STS-1 contains VT1.5s, the MTX transmits VT1.5s
to the EC-1 mappers.) It makes the choice on the basis of signal quality. If there
is a difference in the quality of the two signals, it will select the higher quality
signal, and send it to the appropriate DS3 or EC-1 mapper. If there is no
difference in the quality of the signals, the MTX continues transmitting the
signal from its current source.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching 6-5

Working path
The connection between the mapper and the MTX consists of nine lines (eight
data and one parity) that transmit data from the MTX to the mappers at an
STS-3 rate. One STS-1 carries traffic, and the other two STS-1s transmitted by
the MTX are empty.
Under normal circumstances (when a working DS3 or EC-1 mapper functions
correctly), the mapper converts the STS-1 transmitted by the MTX into a DS3
or EC-1, and transmits the DS3 or EC-1 to the DS3 or EC-1 mappers.
Protection path
When a working DS3 or EC-1 mapper fails in the transmit direction, the relay
on the working mapper opens, and the relay on the protection mapper closes.
The MTX sends the working mapper traffic (both directions) to both the
working and the protection mapper.
Autonomous protection switching

DS3 and EC-1 protection switching are 1+1 nonrevertive and bidirectional.
DS3 and EC-1 circuit packs are installed and provisioned in pairs, in adjacent
slots. There is no permanent working or protection mapper within the pair of
mappers in a service.
Each DS3 or EC-1 service consists of a pair of mappers, one working and one
protection, both of which can carry traffic. If the working mapper fails in either
the transmit or receive direction, the protection mapper takes over in both the
When a failed mapper is replaced with a functional mapper, traffic does not
automatically switch back to the original mapper. The user must manually
switch traffic back to that mapper, if desired.
It is recommended that the odd-numbered circuit pack be used for the normally
active or working interface and the even-numbered circuit pack be used for the
normally standby or protection interface.
User protection switching

DS3 or EC-1 traffic can be switched between the protection mapper and the
working mapper under user control. In many cases, user DS3 and EC-1
protection switches override autonomous switches and should be used with
care. See GUI Protection Switching, 323-1051-311G, for a complete
description of user protection switching and how it affects autonomous
protection switching.
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
7-1
7-
OC-3 Express
Tributary services
Up to 84 protected DS1s
Up to 4 protected EC-1s
Up to 5 protected OC-3s
Up to 8 unprotected Ethernet bridges
Readiness for future services up to
155 Mbps
Connectors
Optical
FC, ST, SC
DS1
64-pin AMP Champ
DS3
BNC coax
EC-1
BNC coax
TBOS
9-pin D sub
RS-232
9-pin D sub
X.25
25-pin D sub
LAN
RJ45
Ethernet
RJ45
OC-3 1310 optics
Long reach
Laser output power
5.0 dBm
Receiver sensitivity (BER 10-10)
34.0 dBm
7-2 Technical specifications

Maximum receive level
Guaranteed system gain
0.0 dBm
28.0 dB
Shelf Characteristics
Shelf height
9.0 in. (22.5 cm)
Shelf width
15.10 in. (38.4 cm)
Shelf depth
11.00 in. (28.0 cm)
Universal mounting brackets for 19 in. or

23 in. frames
Front or rear cable access
Front cover removable or 180 open
Heat deflectors and fiber management
Weight
23 lbs (10.5 kg) empty, 38.6 lbs (17.5 kg)

fully loaded
Operating Conditions
Temperature
-40 to +149F (-40 to +65C)
Temperature (EIM)
32 to + 89.6F (0 to +50C)
Relative humidity
5 to 95%
Earthquake
Zone IV
EMI/RFI
FCC Class A
UL Listed 94N9
CSA LR63680
Power Requirements
28 DS1s
115.4 watts
84 DS1s
167.5 watts
5 pair of OC-3s
149.1 watts
4 DS3s
167.5 watts
4 EC-1s
147.5 watts
Battery range
-40 to -60 V dc
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Technical specifications 7-3
Signal degrade threshold

10-6 (default)
all circuit packs
range 10-5 to 10-9
user provisionable for 1+1 protected

linear OC-3 interface circuit pack
Operations Interfaces
Craft Interfaces
RS-232 DCE port

TL1 Line-by-line user interface
On-board, menu-driven user interface
PC-based graphical user
interfaceoptional
RS-232 DTE data terminal modem port
Office Alarms
Critical, major, minor, remote alarm

Normally open and normally closed
contacts
Visual and audible alarm
Shelf status LEDs
User-Defined External Alarms
16 inputs, 4 outputs
Single-Ended TBOS
Up to 16 network elements
Remote point for cascading first alert
OS Interfaces
Single-ended TL1
interfaceoptional
User Security
User ID log in
Five user security levels
Autologout
Network element based security
Physical Security
Cover can be locked with padlock

Table 7-1
General information
System information
Terminal equipment identification
S/DMS TransportNode OC-3
Optical line rate (Mbps)
OC-3 (155.52 Mb/s)
Transmitter information
General
Identification
NT4N401
Optical device temperature controller
Uncooled
FDA classification
Class 1
Product change designation
AA, rel 6
Optical source
Type of device
MLM Laser
Material composition of source
InGaAs
Generic device structure
Fabry-Perot
Transmitter connector
Manufacturer
NTI approved supplier
Type
FC/ST/SC
Classification
Single mode
Transmitter pigtail
Generic fiber Type
SM
Class of fiber
IVa
Mode field Diameter
95 m
Receiver information
General
Identification
NT4N401
Optical device temperature controller
Uncooled
Product change designation
AA, rel 6
Optical detector
Type of device
PIN
continued
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Table 7-1 (continued)
General information
System information
Material composition of detector
InGaAs
Receiver connector
Manufacturer
Type
FC/ST/SC
Classification
SM
Receiver pigtail
General fiber type
Multi-Mode
Class of fiber
EIA Class Ia
Mode field diameter
62.5 m
Attenuator device information

Manufacturer
NT
Model number
NT7E47
Station cable information

General fiber type
SM
Class of fiber
IVa
Interconnection related parameters

Mode filed diameter
Nominal: 9.5 m
Tolerance: +/-0.5 m
Cladding diameter
Nominal: 125m
Tolerance: +/-1 m
Maximum cladding ovality
<1m
Maximum core/cladding concentricity error
<1m
Connector information
Connector manufacturer
Connector type
FC/ST/SC
Connector classification
SM

Table 7-2
Terminal equipment parameters
Standard operating conditions-worst case values
Environment
Room ambient temperature range
-40 to +149F (-40 to +65C)
Relative humidity range
5 to 95%
Transmitter
Central wavelength measurement period
_Power Weighted X Peak
Central wavelength range
Tmin=1280 (LR)
Tmax=1335 (LR)
Transmitter power
PT = -5 dBm
Transceiver specifications
Maximum dispersion
DSRmax1 = 185 ps/nm
Dispersion power penalty
PD1 = <1dB
Maximum optical reflection
ORmax = -14dB
Reflection power penalty
RP = <1dB
Attenuator device
Insertion loss
Uatt = <1.0dB
Attenuator reflectance
ORatt = <-30.0dB
Station cable: (NTI approved supplier)

Loss
USM = <0.5dB/km
Cutoff wavelength
cc=1150nm
System integrator provided information

Nominal central wavelength
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
Tnom = 1310
OC-3 Express CX
Tributary services
1 protected DS3
1 protected EC-1
Readiness for future services up to
155 Mbps
Connectors
Optical
FC, ST, SC
DS1
26-pin AMP Champ
DS3
BNC coax
EC-1
BNC coax
TBOS
9-pin D sub
RS-232
9-pin D sub
MTX 1310 optics
Intermediate reach
Laser output power
15.0 to 8.0 dBm
28.0 dBm

0.0 dBm
13.0 dB
OC-3 1310 optics
Long reach
Laser output power
5.0 dBm

34.0 dBm
0.0 dBm
28.0 dB
Shelf Characteristics
Shelf height
10.0 in. (25 cm)
Shelf width
6.2 in. (15.5 cm)
Shelf depth
12 in. (30.0 cm)

Universal mounting brackets for 19 in. or
23 in. frames
Front cable access
Front cover removable or 180 open
Heat deflectors and fiber management
Weight
8 lbs (3.5 kg) empty, 15 lbs (6.8 kg) fully

loaded
Operating Conditions
Temperature
-40 F to +149F (-40C to +65C)
Relative humidity
5 to 95%
Earthquake
Zone IV
EMI/RFI
FCC Class A
UL Listed 94N9
CSA LR63680
Power Requirements
8 DS1s
51 watts
20 DS1s
73 watts
8 DS1s + 1 DS3
72 watts
8 DS1s + 1 EC-1
66 watts
Battery range
-40 to -60 V dc
Signal degrade threshold

10-6 (default)
all circuit packs
range 10-5 to 10-9
user provisionable for 1+1 protected

linear OC-3 interface circuit pack
Operations Interfaces
Craft Interfaces
RS-232 DCE port

TL1 Line-by-line user interface
On-board, menu-driven user interface
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

interfaceoptional
RS-232 DTE data terminal modem port
Office Alarms
Critical, major, minor, remote alarm

Normally open and normally closed
contacts
Visual and audible alarm
Shelf status LEDs
User-Defined External Alarms
16 inputs, 4 outputs
Single-Ended TBOS
Up to 16 network elements
Remote point for cascading first alert
OS Interfaces
Single-ended TL1
interfaceoptional
User Security
User ID log in
Five user security levels
Autologout
Network element based security
Physical Security
Cover can be locked with padlock
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G
8-1
Index
8-
A
AINS 3-32, 5-3
Air deflector 2-1
Alarm cut off/lamp test switch 3-7
Alarm disable switch 3-7
Alarms
categories 1-12
circuit pack status 1-12
environmental 1-14
office 1-13
overview 1-12
TBOS subsystem 1-13
user interface 1-13
Auto-in-service 3-32, 5-3
Autoprovisioning 1-7
B
Bandwidth management 1-10
Brownouts 2-3
C
Cable, optical
routing and storing (Express CX) 2-5
routing and storing (Express) 2-3
Circuit pack description
DS1 mapper 3-32, 5-2, 5-7
DS3 mapper 3-35, 5-6
EC-1 circuit pack 3-36, 5-6
EIM circuit pack 3-37
ILAN circuit pack 3-39
input/output (I/O) module 3-26
left extender (LEX) 3-6
left input/output (LIO) 3-8
main transport (MTX) interface 3-28, 5-8,
5-9
Circuit pack description (continued)

network processor (NP) 3-20
OC-3 interface 3-24
protection switch controller (PSC) 3-30,
5-1
protection switch extender (PSX) 3-31,
5-1
right extender (REX) 3-11
right input/output (RIO) 3-13
shelf processor (Express CX) 3-18
shelf processor (Express) 3-16
VTX, VTX+, and VTXe 3-22, 5-7
Circuit packs
alarms 1-12
autoprovisioning 1-7
core circuit packs (Express CX) 2-11
core circuit packs (Express) 2-7
data stored 1-3
information stored 1-3
LEDS 1-12
tributary circuit packs (Express CX) 2-12
tributary circuit packs (Express) 2-10
Connections
power and tributary (Express CX) 2-5
power and tributary (Express) 2-3
D
Deflector
air 2-1
heat 2-1
DS1
auto-in-service 3-32, 5-3
equipping rules 3-32
facility 5-2, 5-9
facility signal attributes 3-32, 5-3, 5-9
LED definitions 3-33
8-2 Index
DS1 (continued)
mapper description 3-32, 5-2, 5-7, 5-9
protection switching, description 3-33,
4-10
receive signal flow (Express CX) 4-8
receive signal flow (Express) 4-1
transmit signal flow (Express CX) 4-9
transmit signal flow (Express) 4-5
DS3
facility 5-6
facility signal attributes 3-35, 5-6
mapper description 3-35, 5-6
protection switching 6-5
protection switching, description 3-35, 6-5
transmit signal flow (Express) 4-8, 4-9, 6-2
H
Hairpinning 1-10
Heat convection 2-1
Heat deflector 2-1
I
ILAN
circuit pack description 3-39
Input/output (I/O) module
connectors 3-26
description 3-26
Inservice traffic rollover 1-15
Installing the shelf
Express 1-1
Express CX 1-5, 2-5
Interface
GUI 1-11
TL1 1-11
ISTR 1-15
EC-1
circuit pack description 3-36, 5-6
L
LED definitions
facility 5-6
DS1 3-33
facility signal attributes 3-36, 5-6
DS3 3-35
EC-1 3-36
protection switching 6-5
EIM 3-38
protection switching, description 3-36, 6-5
ILAN 3-39
LEX 3-7
MTX 3-29
NP 3-21
transmit signal flow (Express) 4-8, 4-9, 6-2
OC-3 interface 3-25
EIM
PSC 3-30
circuit pack description 3-37
REX 3-12
SP (Express CX) 3-19
SP (Express) 3-17
End-to-end service 5-10
VTX 3-23
G
GUI 1-11
S/DMS TransportNode OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998
Index 8-3
Left extender (LEX)

alarm cut/off lamp test (ACO/LPT)
switch 3-7
description 3-6
equipping rules 3-7
faceplate layout 3-7
LED definitions 3-7
LIO connection 3-6
power breakers 3-6
connectors 3-8
description 3-8
equipping rules 3-8
LEX connection 3-6, 3-8
Local save and restore 1-16
Loopbacks 1-17
M
Mounting the shelf
Express 1-1
Express CX 2-1, 2-5
MTX interface circuit pack
description 3-28, 5-8, 5-9
protection switching,description 3-28
N
description 3-20
O
OC-3 Express
air deflector 2-1
cable routing and storing 2-3
description 1-1
expansion 1-14
heat deflector 2-1
installing the shelf 2-1
overview 1-1
shelf capacity 1-1
shelf cooling 2-1
shelf mounting 1-1, 2-1
OC-3 Express CX
cable routing and storing 2-5
description 1-5
installing the shelf 2-5
overview 1-5
shelf capacity 1-5
shelf cooling 2-5
shelf mounting 1-5, 2-5
OC-3 interface circuit pack
autoprovisioning 5-9
description 3-24
protection switching, description 3-24
signal degrade threshold 3-25
Optical cable
routing and storing (Express CX) 2-5
routing and storing (Express) 2-3
P
Padlock 2-3
PC GUI 1-11
Point-of-use power supply (PUPS) 3-2
Power breakers
LEX 3-6
REX 3-11
Power connections
Express 2-3
Express CX 2-5
description 3-30, 5-1
Protection switching
DS1 4-10
DS1, description 3-33, 4-1, 4-10
DS3, description 6-5
DS3,description 3-35
EC-1, description 3-36, 6-5
MTX, description 3-28
OC-3, description 3-24
VTX, description 3-22
Index 8-4
Provisioning
data, overview 1-3
DS1, DS3, and EC-1 services 5-1
Provisioning data
local save and restore 1-16
Provisioning data backup
automatic 1-16
local PCGUI 1-16
network processor (NP) 1-16
remote save and restore 1-16
shelf processor (SP) 1-16
R
Remote save and restore 1-16
description 3-11
faceplate layout 3-12
power breakers 3-11
RIO connection 3-11
connectors 3-13
description 3-13
REX connections 3-13
Rollover 1-15
Surveillance, network 1-10

Synchronization methods 1-12
System expansion 1-14
T
TARP 1-15
TBOS surveillance 1-13
Threshold crossings 1-14
Threshold monitoring 1-14
TID address resolution protocol 1-15
Timing 1-12
TL1 1-11
Tributary circuit packs
Express 2-10
Express CX 2-12
Tributary connections
Express 2-3
Express CX 2-5
Tributary services 5-1
V
Vents 2-1
VTX, VTX+, and VTXe circuit pack
product engineering codes (PEC) 2-9
S
Save and restore 1-16
Shelf
communications 1-10
padlock 2-3
Shelf processor
description (Express CX) 3-18
description (Express) 3-16
equipping rules (Express CX) 3-18
equipping rules (Express) 3-17
LED definitions (Express CX) 3-19
LED definitions (Express) 3-17
Signal flow
DS1 4-1
DS3 6-1
EC-1 6-1
Software load 1-3
Specifications 7-1
SONET Transmission Products
S/DMS TransportNode
OC-3 Express and Express CX
GUI Network Element Description
1997-1998 Northern Telecom
All rights reserved
All information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice. Northern Telecom reserves the right to make
changes to equipment design or program components, as
progress in engineering, manufacturing methods, or other
circumstances may warrant.
Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation. S/DMS
TransportNode, Nortel, and the Nortel logo are trademarks of
Northern Telecom. Windows 95 and Windows NT are trademarks
of Microsoft Corporation. VT100 is a trademark of Digital
Equipment Corporation.
323-1051-101G
Standard Doc Issue 5
November 1998
Printed in Canada

323-1051-101G GUI Network Element Description

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NTN465BE

SONET Transmission Products

1997-1998 Northern Telecom

Supported software releases vii

Network element overview

OC-3 Express 1-1

Shelf and circuit packs

Circuit pack descriptions

Left extender (LEX) 3-6

DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection switching

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

Equipment and facility provisioning

Extender circuit packs 5-1

DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching

OC-3 Express 6-1

OC-3 Express 7-1

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

About this document

equipment and facility provisioning description

Supported software releases

Who should use this document

viii About this document

Technical support and information

Pacific Region (North)

(510) 867-2091 or 1-800-456-0854

Pacific Region (South)

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

About this document ix

Canada Technical Assistance Service Centers

FSE West (Alberta)

FSE West (Saskatchewan)

(905) 863-4181 or 1-800-684-3578

FSE East (Newfoundland)

FSE East (New Brunswick)

(506) 632-8271 or (506) 632-8203

FSE East (Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island)

x About this document

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

Network element overview

1-2 Network element overview

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

Network element overview 1-3

Software load and provisioning data

1-4 Network element overview

DS3 facility parameters, PM thresholds

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

Network element overview 1-5

1-6 Network element overview

Mounting brackets can

Fiber retaining clip

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

Network element overview 1-7

1-8 Network element overview

OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G

Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

Network element overview 1-9

1-10 Network element overview