D-TAX Digital exchange mainly concern with the Level -1 communication ie. it de ‘Trunks (STD) calls . The exchange has two divisions 1. Transmission system 2. Switching system TRANSMISSION SYSTEM : The transmission deals with the receiving, transmission of signals to destinations and preparing signals in 2mB stream for transmission put medium used for transmission is an optical fiber. the optical fiber has th advantages by which it is used in transmission + 1, Wide Bandwidth : the information capacity, which increase: bandwidth of the transmission medium, is very large in fiber, 2. Low Loss : In a copper cable, attenuation increases with the frequency, the higher frequency of the information signal, the gr loss, In an optical fiber, attenuation is flat, loss is the same at an frequency until a very high frequency. 3. Electromagnetic Immunity : Optical fiber is the insulator. N current flow through them, cither due to transmitted signal or due radiation striking the fiber. For this reasons, fiber do not radiate electromagnetic radiation as in copper. 4, Small Size : fiber are hair thin in size. The small size make them at applications where space is at a premium.6. Higher Security : Optical fiber is a highly secure transmissi because the fiber do not radiate energy that can be received antenna without getting detected. Itis also extremely difficult to tay 7. TRANMISSION SEQUENCE 1, Information is encoded into Electrical signals 2. Electrical signals are converted into Light signal. 3. Light travels down the fiber. 4, A detector change the light signals into electrical signals. 5, Electrical signals are decoded into information