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Teenage Pregnancy: By: Nevinia Ann Robert Supervisor: Dr. Liew Nyan Chin
Teenage Pregnancy: By: Nevinia Ann Robert Supervisor: Dr. Liew Nyan Chin
PREGNANCY
By:
Nevinia Ann Robert
Supervisor:
Dr. Liew Nyan Chin
Defination
The World Health Organisation (WHO, 2006)
defines teenage pregnancy as a teenaged
or under-aged girl (usually within the ages
of 1319 years old) becoming pregnant.
The term usually refers to women who
become pregnant, who have not reached
legal adulthood;
However legal adulthood varies in different
countries.
Introduction
WHO statistics show that annually there are
14-15 million births worldwide to teenage
girls, accounting for more than 10% births.
The UK has one of the highest teenage
pregnancy rates in Western Europe; 24
births per 1000 women.
Malaysias teenage pregnancy rate is 13
births per 1000 women (WHO 2008).
The USA possesses the highest rate in the
world at 43 births per 1000 women.
Risk Factors
Social deprivation
Lower socioeconomic group
Low educational achievement
Having had teenage parents
Being in the care of social services
Poor transition from school to work at 16
years of age
Sexual abuse
Mental health problems
Premature delivery
Small-for-gestational-age infants
Low birthweight
Increased neonatal mortality
Anaemia
Pregnancy-induced hypertension
Postnatal depression
Sexually transmitted infections
Offspring of adolescents have:
poorer cognitive development
lower educational attainment
more frequent criminal activity
higher risks of abuse, neglect and behavioural problems
during childhood
Antenatal Management in
Teenage Pregnancy
10 weeks : Booking visit
16 weeks :
Discuss results of antenatal tests
Investigate haemoglobin <11 g/d
Discuss contraception
20 weeks :
Anomaly USS
discuss contraception
25 weeks
Discuss preterm delivery
28 weeks
Offer second screening for anaemia and atypical
red cell allo-antibodies
Discuss contraception
31 weeks
Discuss results of 28-week investigations
Measure and plot symphysis - fundal height using
a customized growth chart
34 weeks :
Measure and plot symphysis - fundal height using
a
customized growth chart
Provide information on labour, pain relief and
discuss a birth plan
Challenges
Conclusion
A teenage pregnancy impacts on the health of
the teenager, her social circumstances,
pregnancy outcome, and the long-term
development of her child.
A multidisciplinary approach must be
implemented in the delivery of maternity care to
teenagers and should include liaison with other
services and agencies to provide support with
finances, housing, and education is important. In
providing this care, the quality of life and
outcome for the teenage mother and her child
can be improved.