MANAGEMENT

DEFINITIONS:
F.W. Taylor - Art of knowing what you want to do and
then seeing that it is done the best and cheapest way.
Henry Fayol To Manage is to forecast, to plan, to
organize, to command, to co-ordinate and to control.
Peter F.Drucker Management is work and as such it has
its own skills, its own tools and its own techniques.
Management is the art of getting things done through and
with people.

MANAGEMENT AS SCIENCE OR ART:

Management is the art of
getting things done through
others

Art

Practical know how

Technical skills
Concrete results
Creativity
Personalised nature

Science

Empirically Derived
Critically tested
General principles
Cause and effect relationship
Universal applicability

MANAGEMENT AS A SCIENCE PROVIDES PRINCIPLES AND

AS AN ART HELPS IN TACKLING SITUATIONS.

MANAGEMENT
AS
A PROFESSION ??
Existence of an organized and systematic body of
knowledge,
Formalized methods of acquiring knowledge and skills,
Existence of an apex level body with Professionalisation as
its goal,
Existence of an ethical code to regulate the behaviour of the
members of the profession,
Charging of fees based on service and
A concern for social responsibilities.

A close scrutiny of management as a

profession reveals that it has a long way to
go to have a universally acceptance of
management as a profession. Unlike other
profession such as medicine, law etc., the
practice of management is not restricted
to individuals with a special degree.

5 Ms of Management
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Money
Manpower
Materials
Machinery
Methods

NATURE/CHARACTERISTICS
OF MANAGEMENT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Universal Process
Purposeful
Creative
Group Phenomenon
Social Process
Multidisciplinary
Continuous Process
Intangible
Both Science and Art

DIFFERENT ROLES OF A
MANAGER
INTERPERSONAL ROLES
INFORMATIONAL ROLES
DECISION ROLES

 Interpersonal Roles:
1. The figurehead role (performing ceremonial/social duties as
the organizations chief)
2. The leader role
3. The liaison role (particularly communicating with the
outsiders)

Informational Roles:

1. The recipient role (receiving information about the

organization)
2. The disseminator role (passing information to subordinates)
3. The spokesperson role (transmitting information to those
outside)

Decision Roles:

1. The entrepreneurial role

2. The disturbance-handler role
3. The resource allocator role

Levels of Management
Board of Directors
Managing Director

TOP
MANAGEMENT

Executive Directors

MIDDLE MGT
Marketing Manager

Finance Manager

Personnel Manager

Branch Manager

Chief Accountant

Labor Officers

Sale Officers

Finance Officers
LOWER MGT

FUNCTIONS OF TOP LEVEL

MANAGEMENT

1. To provide a basic sense of direction to the activities of the company

by setting its long range mission and translating into clear set of
objectives
2. To design the organization structure of the company in terms of
differentiated and integrated activities, role of various positions,
authority & responsibility between them.
3. Top management must ensure the quality of personnel in terms of
their skills, orientations and commitment
4. To ensure that the resource conversion and exchange systems are
designed and operated efficiently.
5. Periodic review of objectives for necessary modifications is a part of
this function

FUNCTIONS OF MIDDLE LEVEL

MANAGEMENT

To interpret and explain the plans and policies formulated

by top management
To monitor & control the operating performance
To cooperate among themselves so as to integrate the
various activities of a department
To train, motivate and develop supervisory personnel; and
To lay down rules & regulations to be followed by
supervisory personnel.

FUNCTIONS OF LOWER LEVEL

MANAGEMENT
1. To plan day to day production within the goal laid down by
higher authorities
2. To assign jobs to workers and to make arrangements for
their training and development
3. To issue orders & instructions
4. To supervise & control workers operations and to maintain
personal contact with them
5. To arrange materials and tools and to maintain machinery
6. To advise & assist workers by explaining work procedures,
solving their problems etc.
7. To maintain discipline and good human relations among
workers
8. To report feedback information and workers problems to
the higher authorities.

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
PLANNING:
Plans give the org its objectives and set up the best procedures for
reaching them.

ORGANISING:

It is the process of arranging and allocating work, authority and

resources among organizations members so they can achieve the
orgs goals.

LEADING:
It involves directing, influencing, and motivating employees to
perform essential tasks.

CONTROLLING:
There are three main elements of controlling:
1. establishing standard of performance
2. measuring current performance
3. Comparing these performance to the established standards
4. taking corrective action