PrimarySources

Hine,LewisW.
9P.M.inanIndiana
GlassWorks
,Aug.,1908.Location:Indiana.
1908.Library
ofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Iusedthisphototoshowvariationsinthetypeofworkchildrendid.Theseboysareina
glassworkinacrowdedcondition.Itvariesfromplantationsandmines,whichmost
childrenworkedin.

Hine,LewisW.
AnActtoPrevent
InterstateCommerce
intheProductsof
ChildLabor
,andfor
OtherPurposes,09/01/1916
.1916.
NationalArchives
,WashingtonD.C.
Thiswasanactcreatedin1916toprohibitthemanufacturingofgoodinfactoriesthat
illegallyhiredunderagechildren.ThisdemonstratesHineslegacybecausehis
photographshelpedtoinfluenceit.

Hine,LewisW.
AnAwfulBlot
.1914.LibraryofCongress,
Washington
D.C.
Loc
.gov
.Web.
ThisphotosupportsthethesisbecauseitdemonstratesHineswayofconveyingissues
withchildlaborandhowwidespreadtheproblemis.

Hine,LewisW.
AGreaserinaCoalMine.See1835.Location:BessieMine,Alabama.
1910.
LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Coalmineswereoneofthemostdangerousplacestoworkinbecauseoftheexposureto
alargeamountofdirtanddust.Inthisphototheyounggreaserlooksdirtyandthearea

heisworkinginlooksdangerous.Thisservesasanexampleofhowconditionsincoal
mineswere.

Hine,LewisW.
ATipple,GastonMine.Location:Fairmont,WestVirginia.
1908.Libraryof
Congress,WashingtonD.C.
Thesechildrenareworkinginacoalmineandareinhalingalargeamountofsmoke.
Theylookuncleanandarecoveredindirt.Thisphotodemonstratesthehazardousmining
conditionschildrenweresubjectedto.

Hine,LewisW.
ChildLabor
IntheCanningIndustryOfMaryland
.N.d.LibraryofCongress,
Washington
D.C.
Loc.gov
.Web.
ThisletterfromLewisHinetotheNCLCshowstheprocessinwhichthephotosaided
thegovernment.Inthisletterhedescribeshisinvestigationsandtheresultsofhis
investigationinMaryland.

Hine,LewisW.
ChildLabor
inthe
CottonMills
ofMississippi
.N.d.LibraryofCongress,
WashingtonD.C.
Loc
.gov
.Web.
InthisletterLewisHinedescribestheresultofachildlaborinvestigationinMississippi.
Itdescribeshowinafamilytheirkidsaremissingschooltoworkinafactory.Oneof
theirchildreniselevenandoneisfifteen.Theyspendmanyhoursinschooldaily.Thisis
usefulbecauseitisanexampleofLewisHinesexploitations.

Hine,LewisW.
ChildrenThrashingCornduringSchoolHoursonaFarmnearDublin.Many
SuchLightOccupationsFalltotheLotoftheGeorgiaChild.Location:Dublin[vicinity],
Georgia.
1915.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Insteadofgoingtoschool,thechildreninthisphotoaretrashingcorn.Thisdemonstrates
thatchildrenwereforcedtoworkinsteadofallowingthemtogetaneducation,anissue
thatwasunacceptable.LewisHinetookthisphoto,andmanyothers,withtitlesthat
addressedsimilarissues.

Hine
,LewisW.
D.H.HolmesCo...LTD
.N.d.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Theownerofthisfactorybelievesthatraisingtheagewillbenefittheserviceandisstill
verymuchinfavorofchildlabor.Thisdocumentispartoftheantithesistowardsending
childlabor.

Hine,LewisW.
EightyearOldJackDrivingHorseRake.ASmallBoyHasDifficultyKeeping
HisSeatonRoughGroundandThisWorkIsMoreorLessDangerous.SeeHineReport,
RuralChildLabor,August,1915.Location:WesternMassachusetts,Massachusetts.
1915.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Thisphotoagainportraysachildbeingputatriskofinjury.AsJackdrivesthehorserake
hestrugglestostayonhisseatbecauseheisonlyeightyearsoldandisnotstrongenough
todrivethehorsesalone.

Hine,LewisW.
EightyearOldJackDrivingLoadofHay.SeeHineReport,RuralChildLabor,

August,1915.Location:WesternMassachusetts,Massachusetts.
1915.Libraryof
Congress,WashingtonD.C.
Inthisphotoaneightyearoldboyiscontrollingthehorsesasthecarryhaythroughout
thefield.Heisridingwhilestandingupandlookstoosmalltokeepthehorsesincontrol.
Thisphotodemonstratesdangerousconditionschildrenwereputin.

Hine
,LewisW.
ExhibitPanel.
1913.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
ThisisanexampleofLewisHinespreadingawarenessofchildlaborthroughbringing
attentiontoexhibitpanels.ThesepanelswerecreatedbyHineandtheNationalChild
LaborCommitteetoconveyhowwidespreadchildlaborreallywas.

Hine,LewisW.
Fieldworkers,
Goodrich

Tobacco
Farm,nearGildersleeve,Conn.See
Report,L.W.Hine.Location:Gildersleeve,Connecticut.
1917.LibraryofCongress,
WashingtonD.C.
Thechildreninthisphotolookdirtyandmostofthemhaveunhappyfaces.Their
countenanceandappearancedemonstratethattheyweretiredofworkingandthatthey
wereatriskoftobaccopoisoningbecausetheresiduefromthetobaccoprocessingisall
overthem.

Hine,LewisW.
FlorenceKellySpeaksonChildLabor
.1904.LibraryofCongress,
WashingtonD.C.

FlorenceKelleywasoneoftheleadersinvolvedintheNationalChildLaborCommittee.
Shewasanactivistfortherightsofchildrenandinthisarticlesheaddressedtheissueof
childlaborandexplainedwhyitneededtobeended.Thearticleservedasgood
backgroundtohelpwiththehistoricalcontext.

Hine,LewisW.
GroupofTobaccoPickersinBermantPlantation,3Were10Yrs.,3
Were11Yrs.,13Were12,12Were13Yrs.,214Yrs.Old.TheOwnerSaid,
"TheyAllGet$1.25aDay."Location:Rockwell,Connecticut.
1917.LibraryofCongress,
WashingtonD.C.
Thispictureshowstobaccopickersfrom10to14yearsofage.Thisdemonstrates
thelargenumberofchildlaborersandalsoshowshowmanychildrenareatrisk.

Hine,LewisW.
HousingTobaccoinBarnofW.L.Fugate.WillGotoSchoolsvilleSchoolbutIt
HasNotOpenedonAccountofRepairs.LewisW.Hine.See43989and4400.Location:
HedgesStation,Kentucky.
1916.LibraryOfCongress,WashingtonDC.
Thisisapictureofchildrenprocessingtobaccoonafarm.Itdemonstratesoneofthe
wayschildrenwereputtowork.Tobaccocontainsnicotine,whichisverydangerousto
thechildrenbecauseitputsthematriskfornicotinepoisoningthroughcontactwithskin.

Hine,LewisW.
LaneCottonMillsCo.
N.d.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Iusedthisletterinmywebsitetoportraytheopinionofpeoplewhoadvocatedforthe
continuationofchildlabor.Thefactoryownerisntgoingtocomplyunlessthelawsare

actuallyenforced.

Hine,LewisW.
LittleSpinnerinMollahanCottonMills,Newberry,S.C.ManyOthersas
Small.Dec.3/08WitnessSaraR.Hine.Location:Newberry,SouthCarolina
.
1908.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Inthisphotothereisaveryyounglookinggirlworkinginacottonmill.Sheisatrisksfor
manyinjurieswhichinclude,beingcrushedbymachineryandlosingherfingersasmany
oftheworkersdid.Thisphotoclearlydemonstratestheharmfulconditionsthatchildren
whoworkedincottonmillsfaced.

Hine,LewisW.
MillieCornaro,Philadelphia,10YearsOld.BeenPickingCranberriesfor6
Years.White'sBog,BrownsMills,N.J.ThisIstheFourthWeekofSchoolandthePeople
HereExpecttoRemainHereTwoWeeksMore.Sept.28,1910.Witness,E.F.Brown.
Location:BrownsMills,NewJersey
.1910.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Thetitleofthisphototellsitall,Milliehasbeenpickingcranberriessinceshewasonly
fouryearsold.Althoughschoolhadopenedfourweekspriortothisphoto,Millieisnot
allowedtogotoschoolforatleasttwomoreweeks.Thelackofeducationamongchild
laborerswasinneedofdrasticreformation.

Hine,LewisW.
NormaLawrenceIs10YearsOldandPicksfrom100to150PoundsofCottona
Day.DragstheSackWhichOftenHold50PoundsorMorebeforeEmptied.LewisW.

Hine.See4569.Location:ComancheCounty,Oklahoma.
1916.LibraryofCongress,
WashingtonD.C.
Thelittlegirlinthispicturehadtocarryaround50poundsofcottonbeforeherbagwas
emptied.Shepickedtwotothreetimesthatamountdaily.Atonlytenyearsoldthisgirl
hadtostruggledragginghersackaround.Thisshowsthelackofconsiderationofthe
ownersoftheplantationhadtowardschildrenlikeher.

Hine,LewisW.
OneoftheSmallestSpinnersintheMollahanMills.Witness,SaraR.Hine.
Location:Newberry,SouthCarolina.
1908.LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
IusedthisphotoinmybackgroundsectionbecauseIwantedtoportraythedifferent
kindsofworkthatyoungchildrendid.Workinginacottonmillwasoneofthese
hazardousjobs.

Hine,LewisW.
RoseBiodo,1216AnnanSt.,Philadelphia.10YearsOld.Working3Summers.
MindsBabyandCarriesBerries,TwoPecksataTime.WhitesBog,BrownMills,N.J.
ThisIstheFourthWeekofSchoolandthePeopleHereExpecttoRemainTwoWeeks
More.Sept.28,1910.WitnessE.F.Brown.Location:BrownsMills,NewJersey
.1910.
LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Thegirlinthispictureisnotallowedtogotoschool,althoughithadalreadystarted.She
wasexpectedtoworkonthefarmandwatchheryoungersiblings.Theeducationof
younggirlsisimportantandtheywerentgiventheopportunitytogetone.

Hine,LewisW.
SixyearOldHenryandThreeyearOldHilda,BeetWorkersonaWisconsin
Farm.SeeHineReport,WisconsinSugarBeet,July1915.Location:Wisconsin.
1915.
LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Thechildreninthisphotoaveryyoung.Thegirlisonlysixyearsoldandlookstiredand
hardworked.Theboyistenandhealsolookstired.Thesetwoareexamplesofchildren
workingveryyoungandexamplesofanissuethatneededtobeaddressed.

Hine,LewisW.
SugarBeetWorkers,SugarCity,Colorado.Mary,SixYears,Lucy,Eight,Ethel,
Ten.FamilyHasBeenHereTenYears.ChildrenGotoSchoolintheWinter.SeeHine
Report,ColoradoBeetWorkers,July1915.]Location:[SugarCity,Colorado
.1915.
LibraryofCongress,WashingtonD.C.
Thisphotoportrayschildrenagestenandunderworking,acommontrendamong
plantationsinruralareas.Thechildrenlookliketheyneedtorest,butinsteadtheyare
forcedtowork.Thisphotoservesasanexampleofcommondisregardthatchild
employershadtowardstheirchildworkers.

LewisWickes
Hine
.1935.GeorgeEastman
House
,Rochester,NewYork.
IusedthisphotoinmybiographysectiontoshowtheviewerswhatLewisHinelooked
like.

Manning,Joe."JoeManningInterview."Telephoneinterview.6Jan.2015.
InmyinterviewwithJoeManning,wediscussedHinesleadershipandlegacy.Fromthis

interviewIgainedmanyusefulquotesthatIhaveusedthroughoutmywebsite.

N.d.OfficeofCulturalEducation,n.p.
Thisisdemonstratingtheantithesisofchildlabor.Inthiscase,motherswereupsetthat
thegovernmentwastryingtotellthemwhattodowiththeirchildren.

Nordstrm,Alison."AlisonNordstrmInterview."Telephoneinterview.8Jan.2015.
Inthisinterview,AlisonNordstrmgavemeheropiniononLewisHineslegacyandhis
leadership.ShemademanyargumentsincludinghowimportantHineistomodernuseof
photographyassocialreform.Shealsodescribedhimasapioneerinsocialreform.

PortraitofLewisHine
.1935.GeorgeEastmanHouse,Rochester,NewYork.
Iusedthisphotointhebiographysection.Iplaceditnexttothetimelineofdatessothat
thereadercanhaveanideaofhowHinelookedlike.


SecondarySources
AChildLaborRevolution.TheScrantonRepublican.1911.Web

ThisarticlediscusseshowtheKeatingOwenActisaffectingtherateofstudentsthatare
attendingschool.Inthearticle,LewisHineisntmentioned,butbecauseofhis
photographsthereisanincreaseinstudentattendance.Thereisalsoanovercrowdingin
schools.Thepaperexaminestheeffectsofthelawoneducationandhowitbenefitsthe
students.Itexplainsthatthislawprovidesbetteropportunitiesforchildrentogainskills
otherthanworkethic.ThisarticledoesntseemtobebiasedtowardsLewisHines,butin
favorofthechildrenwhoarefreedfromchildlabor.TheScrantonRepublicannewspaper
wasaweeklypublicnewspaperintheearly1900s.Thisarticleisusefulisevaluatingthe
effectsofLewisHineasaphotographerfortheNCLCandhischildlaborefforts.

ChildrenatWorkCostlyToTheCountry.TheEraLeader.1914.Web.

ThisarticletakesplaceduringthetimeofLewisHinesworkfortheNCLC.In
thearticle,LewisHineisbeinginterviewedatashowingofhisphotographs.Inthe
interviewheexplainsthathisdriveforchildlaborcomesfromthefactthatthewitnessed
itfirsthandwhenhewasgrowingup,forhetooworkedatanearlyage.Inthearticle,the
secretaryfortheNCLCalsospeaksonherposition.Likely,shefeelsthatchildlaborisa
viciousact.Thearticledoesntshowbias,butironicallyitisinanewspaperthatsaysthat

childrenshouldbeputtowork.TheEraLeaderwasfoundedin1910andistheoldest
runningnewspaperintheWashingtonParish

ChildrenInCottonMills.BrooklynDailyEagle.1909.Web.

ThisarticleevaluatesLewisHinespresentationthepreviousdaybeforethearticlewas
written.ThearticledemonstrateshowduringhistimeworkingfortheNCLCLewisHine
broughtaboutrecognitiontochildlaborinthesouth,aswellasinthenorth.Forexample,
thearticledescribeswhatLewisHinetoldthevariousothercommitteesduringhis
speech.Heexplainedhowthefactoryowners,whopermittedchildlabor,were
rationalizingtheirdecisions.Hesaysthattheymustputanendtoit.Thisarticleseems
biasedtowardsLewisHinesopinionontheconditionsofthechildren.Itsaysthathe
doesntexaggeratehisdescriptionsandthatheisaccurate.Thisarticlealsosaysthat
LewisHinegainedsupportfromtheSocialProblemsClub,withthepresentationofhis
photographs.TheBrooklynDailyEaglewasaNewYorkpublicationduringthe1900s.

Dimock,George."ChildrenoftheMills:ReReadingLewisHine'sChildLabourPhotographs."
Oxford
ArtJournal
16.2,1993.Web.

Inthisjournalentry,GeorgeDimockexplainshowhinewasuniqueforbeingoneofthe
firstinhistimetousephotographyasameansofreform.Heexplainshisphotographsgo
againstchildlaborandshowanegativeimpactofindustrializationduringtheProgressive

Era.Therestofthejournalconsistsofphotographevaluations.GeorgeDimockhasa
PhDinarthistoryfromtheuniversityofRochester,BAfromHarvardUniversity.This
articleshowsbiasbecauseheevaluateshowHinewasabletoportraythisnecessityfor
reformandhefocusesmostlyonthepositive.

Freedman,Russell.
KidsatWork:LewisHineandtheCrusadeagainstChildLabor
.NewYork:
Clarion,1994.
Print
.

InthisbookFreedmantellsthestoryofLewisHineandtheeffectofhisphotoson
creatingantichildlaborlaws.Inthebookthereare61photographstakenbyLewisHine
thatdocumentchildrenworking.Thisincludesthreeyearoldsworkingincottonmillsor
coalmines.Headdressestheissueofchildlaborstillveryexistentintodayssociety.In
ChapterOne:ACrusaderWithaCameraandChapterTwo:BecomingaPhotographer,
RussellFreedmanexplainshowhewentthroughwithhisinvestigationsandhowhis
workstarted.HealsogivessomebiographicalinformationonLewisHine.Intherestof
thebookheevaluateshisphotosandwork.Forexample,histriptoMississippi.He
emphasizesthedangerousconditionsthatHineexposed.

Gutman,JudithMara.LewisHinesLastLegacy.TheNewYorkTimes.TheNewYork
TimesCompany.17April1983.web.9October2014.


JudithMaraGutmansarticleisanoverviewofthethepositiveimpactsofLewisHines
photographsintheeraofTheGreatDepressionandhischildlaborefforts.Itisalsoan
accountofhisphotographyasanapproachtoreformation.Inthearticle,sheaddresses
thedifferentprojectsthatLewisHineworkedonandthepurposeofhisphotographs.She
includeshiseffortsintheNationalChildLaborcommitteeandhisworkwiththeWork
ProgressAdministration.AccordingtoJudithMaraGutman,LewisHine,unlikeother
peopleduringhistimethoughtoftechnologyasameansofinnovation.Inher
interpretationofhisphotos,sheconveysthatphotographywashiswayofportrayingthe
sufferingthatchildlaborersandfactoryworkers,ingeneral,werefacing.Hisfocus
wasntprimarilyonurgingpeopletoshowempathy,itwastoinfluencepeopletomakea
change.Thissourceissomewhatuseful.Itdoesntreallyfocusontheissueofchildlabor,
thatsonlyafragment,butitdoesgiveinsightonhardshipsLewisHinefacesinthefield
ofphotographyandgives.

Nordstrom,Alison.
LewisHine
.NewYork:GeorgeEastmanHouse,n.d.Print.

AlisonNordstromisacuratorattheGeorgeEastmanHouse,itisamuseumdedicatedto
photography.ThearticlegivesbackgroundonLewisHineslifeandhistransitiontoa
photographer.Thisleanleadstothebiggerpictures:Hisroleindocumentariesandmore
importantlyphotographyasamassmedia.Sheevaluatessomeofhispopularandless
popularphotographs.Themainideaofthearticleisthatweshouldbeawareoftheother

aspectsofHinesphotoinsteadofonlyfocusingonitsroleinhistory.Thisisusefulin
understandHinescareerandworkwiththeNationalChildLaborCommittee.

Oden,Lori.LewisHine.InternationalPhotographyHallofFameandMuseum.Photographic
ArtandScienceFoundation.n.d.Web.

LoriOdensdescribestheinfluencesinLewisHineslifethatledhimtophotography.The
firstinfluencewashimtakingontheroleofphotographerattheEthicalCultureSchool.
Shealsodescribesthevariousprojectsheworkedon,andhiscontributiontoNational
ChildLaborCommittee.AccordingtoOden,Hinesinvestigationswereoftendangerous
tohim.Hehadtotakeonundercoverrolesanddeceivefactoryowners.Inalleventuality,
Hinessphotoswouldbemailedoutacrossthecountryandwouldleadtostricterchild
laborlaws.LoriOdenscharacterizesLewisHineasaselflessandhardworking
photographer.Shementionsthatinmanyofhisjobsandprojectsheputhimselfin
lifethreateningpositionsforthesakeofgettinghisjobdone.Thissourcedoesseemto
showbiastowardsLewisHineasaperson.Theinformationsummarizeshiscareerand
significanceinthewayweseephotographytoday.Thesourceisausefulforabrief
summaryandoverviewofLewisHine.

OKain,Dennis.LewisHineinGeorgia.TheGeorgiaReview.1980.Web.

Inthisentry,DennisOKainexplainswhyLewisHinesworkfortheNCLCwasthe
mostimportantjobinhiscareer.HegivesinsightonHinesdedicationbyusing
examplesofhistravelsacrossthecountrytocoalminesandfactoriestoexposeviolations
ofexistingchildlaborlaws.HegoesontodescribehowLewisHinewasabletocapture
thesephotosandhowtheyhaveallowedforreform.Inthisarticle,specificallyin
Georgia.DennisOKainwasanarchitecturalphotographer,whowritesbookson
architectureandphotography.Hedoesntmentionanyothersidestothestory.Likemany
others,hearguesthatLewisHinewasacrucialfactortotheNCLC.

Seixas,Peter.LewisHinefromsocialtointerpretivePhotographer.AmericanQuarterly.
TheJohnHopkinsUniversityPress.1987.Web.13October2014.

ThisjournalentryisabouttheusesofLewisHinesphotographsasamassivemeansof
reformduringhistimeperiod.Theauthor,PeterSeixas,wasjournalistfortheAmerican
Quarterlyorganization,whichalongwiththeJohnHopkinsUniversityPressisa
professionalpublicationoftheAmericanStudiesAssociation.Alongwithaminor
biographyonthelifeofLewisHinethejournalentryincludesthehardshipshefacesand
thereformhisphotoswouldevidentuallyleadto.AccordingtoSeixas,LewisHines
photographswereabletocapturethecrummycircumstancesofchildlaborersandcreate
emotionalongwiththem.Seixasseemstotobeevaluatinghowhisphotographsevolved
overhiscareer.HeissuggestingthatLewisHinesphotographswereaprominentpartin
changingtheopinionofthepublic.Hemostlikelythinksthathewasessentialinchild

laborreformation.ThissourceisusefulinexaminingtheeffectsofLewisHineswork
andhistransformationasaphotographer.

SmithShank,L.,Deborah.LewisHineandhisPhotoStories:VisualCulturalandSocial
Reform.NationalArtEducationAssociation.2003.Web.

ThisarticleaboutisabouthowLewisHineshelpedtopersuadethepublictotakeastand
againstchildlabor.TheauthorsuggeststhatLewisHinecarriedmorethanjustacamera,
butawayoutoftheinjusticethatchildreninAmericawerefacing.Tosupportthis,
SmithShankgivesexamplesofthepamphletsthattheNCLCgaveoutandevaluates
LewisHinesphotos.Indoingthisshecomestotheconclusionthathisphotographs,
broadcastedwiththehelpoftheNCLCwerethegatewaytoreform.SmithShankhasa
Ph.DfromIndianaUniversityandisprofessorofArtsAdministrationattheOhioState
University.Sheisbiasedinherargumentbecausesheonlyfocusesonthepositive.She
makesthepointthatwithoutLewisHine,theNCLCwouldntbeabletocreatesuch
reformforchildlaborinjustice.

Wallace,Vaughn."TrackingDownLewisHinesForgottenChildLaborers."
LightBox
.New
YorkTimes,27Aug.2013.Web.05Feb.2015.
Inthisarticle,WallacediscussesJoeManningsProjectandevaluatestheoutcomes.
ManningoftenclaimsthatthephotosplayabigpartinhistoryandreshapingAmerica.In

hiswebsite,ManningfindssomeofthepeoplethatwereinHinesphotographs.Hetells
oftheirbackstoriesandtheoutcomeofHineswork.

Willmann,KateSampsellLewisHine,EllisIslandandPragmatism:PhotographsasLived
Experience.
SocietyforHistoriansoftheGildedAge&ProgressiveEra
.2008.Web.

Overall,inthisjournalentry,KateSampsellWillmannevaluatesLewisHinestransition
fromanamateurphotographertoanextraordinaryphotographer.KateSampsell
WillmanngraduatedfromGeorgetownUniversitywithaPh.Dinhistory.Shealsoargues
thatashisphotosbecamemoreprofessionaltheydisplayedhispracticalideasofchild
justiceintheworkplace.Sheexplainsthatendingchildlaborwasmorethanjustsome
idealvision.Thepracticalbeliefwasthatindustrializationwouldbenefittheworkplace.It
wouldreplacehumanlabor,specificallytoHine,childlabor.Thatwastheunderlying
basisofHinesphotos,yetthiswasfacileforpeopletomisconstrue.Tosupportherthesis
WillmannusesevidencefromHinesbook:KidsatWork,ShealsouseshisworkatEllis
Islandtosupportherthesis.Thissourceiscompletelybiased.Fromtheverybeginning
KateSampsellWillmannmentionsthatLewisHineisasignificantfigureinchildlabor
reformandthatmorepeopleshouldknowwhoheis.Shesaysthatwhilemanypeople
viewhisworkasasupplementtotheworkofJohnDeweyorWilliamJames,he
communicatedhisownpracticalideas.ThissourceisusefulinevaluatingLewisHineas
aphotographerandachildlaboractivist.