1.

Direct Radiating Array Antennas

- In a direct radiating array antenna, there is typically a large quantity of
individual antenna elements that transmit and/or receive in the direction of
the earth. There is nothing to block their view, other than possibly part of the
rest of the spacecraft structure. Like the feed horn array of a shaped beam
reflector antenna, the power and phase of the same signal is applied to
multiple elements.
The elements in a direct radiating array can take the form of a feed horn;
combining several such feed horns would allow their individual gain to
constructively add.
SOURCE: INTRODUCION TO SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 3 rd EDITION;
2.
3.
4.
-

BRUCE R. ELBERT
High Performance Shrouded Antenna
Cross band Parabolic Antenna
Horn Reflector Antenna
It is a type of antenna that combines a horn with a parabolic reflector. It
consist of a horn antenna with a reflector mounted in the mouth of the horn
at a 45 degree angle so the radiated beam is at right angles to the horn axis.
The reflector is a segment of parabolic reflector, and the focus of the reflector
is at the apex of the horn, so the device is equivalent to a parabolic antenna
fed off-axis. The advantage of this design over a standard parabolic antenna
is that the horn shield the antenna from radiation coming from angles outside
the main beam axis, so its radiation pattern has very small sidelobes.
SOURCE:
http://long-lines.net/tech-

equip/radio/BSP402421100/p01.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_antenna
5. Periscope Arrangement
a. Description

Periscope antenna system consists of a ground-mounted

antenna pointed up at an elevated reflector that directs the

beam in a desired direction. A simple version, with a dish on the

ground directly under a flat 45 degree reflector. The flat reflector
is often referred to as a flyswatter. The lower antenna does not
have to be under the flyswatter reflector; the reflector tilt angle
can compensate for offset configuration.
b. Parts
Flyswatter reflector
Reflector radiating antenna
c. Pictures

SOURCE: http://www.qsl.net/n1bwt/chap8.pdf