Pyrzas Gefira

.
:
. I
, 2013
2013/68
. (2013).

2013/68
, ,
.
Pyrza S. D. (2013).
Comparative analysis of structural systems for a composite steel-reinforced concrete bridge
Diploma Thesis 2013/68

Institute of Steel Structures, National Technical University of Athens, Greece

........................................................................................................................................... 4
Abstract .............................................................................................................................................. 5
........................................................................................................................................ 6
1 ...................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 ...................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 .................................................................................. 7
1.3 ............................................................................................................... 8
1.3.1 .......................................................................................... 8
1.3.2 ....................................................................................................... 8
1.3.3 ........................................................................................................ 9
1.3.4 ............................................................................................................ 9
1.3.5 ..................................................................................................... 10
1.3.6 ................................................................................................... 10
2 ................................................................................................................................. 11
2.1 ............................................................................................................................. 11
2.2 ................................................................................................................................ 11
2.2.1 ...................................................................................................... 11
2.2.2 .................................................................. 12
2.2.3 ................................................................. 14
2.3 ............................................................................................................. 16
2.3.1 (..) ....................................................................... 16
2.3.2 (..) ......................................................... 18
2.4 ....................................................................................................................... 19
2.4.1 ................................................................................................................... 19
2.4.2 X ............................................................................................... 19
2.4.3 .......................................................................................................... 19
2.5 .. .............................................................................................................. 20
2.5.1 ..................................................................................................... 20
2.5.2 ......................................................................................................... 22
2.5.3 ( ) ................................ 27
2.6 .. .................................................................................................................. 28
2.6.1 ...................................................................................... 28
2.6.2 ........................................................................... 29
2.6.3 ................................................................................ 29
2.7 ........................................................................................... 30
2.7.1 ........................................................................................... 30
2.7.2 ................................................................ 31
2.8 .............................................................................................................. 32
2.8.1 ............................................................................................. 32
2.8.2 ................................................................................................ 34
2.8.3 ................................................................................ 34
3 ............................................................................... 36
3.1 ............................................................................................................................. 36
3.2 ........................................................ 37
3.3 ...................................................................................... 38
3.4 .................................................................................................................... 41
3.4.1 ................................................................. 41
3.4.2 ...................................................................................... 41
3.4.3 ........................................................................................ 42
3.4.4 ................................................................................... 43
3.4.5 .................................................... 44
3.5 .. .................................................................................................................. 46
3.5.1 .................................................................. 46
................................................................................................................................. 46
3.5.2 ....................................................................................................... 49
3.5.3 .. ............................................................................................. 50
3.5.4 .. ........................................................................................... 51
3.6 ............................................................................................................ 54
3.6.1 ............................................................................................ 54
3.6.2 .............................................................. 54
3.6.3 ............................................................................................................ 55
3.6.4 ................................................................................................... 55
3.6.5 ................................................................ 56
3.7 ............................................................................................................. 57
3.7.1 ............................................................................................. 57
3.7.2 ............................................................................................. 59
3.8 ............................................................................................................................ 60
3.8.1 ......................................................................................................................... 61
3.8.2 .................................................................................................. 63
4 ............................................................................ 67
4.1 ............................................................................................................................. 67
4.2 ...................................................................................... 68
4.3 ............................................................................................. 75
4.3.1 ............................................................................................. 77
4.3.2 .................................................................................................... 79
4.3.3 ............................................... 80
4.3.4 ............................................................ 80
4.4 ................................................................................................... 81
4.4.1 ........................................................................................... 81
4.4.2 .. ........................................................................................... 82
4.5 ............................................................................................................ 85
4.5.1 ............................................................................................ 85
4.5.2 .............................................................. 86
4.5.3 ............................................................................................................ 86
4.5.4 ................................................................................................... 87
4.5.5 ................................................................ 88
4.6 ............................................................................................................. 88
......................................................................................................... 88
4.6.1 ............................................................................................. 91
4.7 ............................................................................................................................ 92
4.7.1 ......................................................................................................................... 93
4.7.2 .................................................................................................. 95
5 ............................................................................................... 98
5.1.1 ............................................................................................................ 98
5.1.2 ................................................................................................. 98
6 ........................................................................................................................... 99
7 ............................................................................................................................ 100

2013/68

.. (: . )

.
L=60 m
b=11 m.
,

.
.
H/Y
Sofistik, ,

.

.

.
.

.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF STEEL STRUCTURES
DIPLOMA THESIS
2013/68
Comparative analysis of structural systems for a composite
steel-reinforced concrete bridge
Pyrza S. D. (supervised by Vayas I.)
Abstract
The purpose of this diploma thesis is the study of a composite road
bridge with reinforced concrete deck. The length of the bridge is L=60 m
and the width of deck is b=11 m.
Specifically, the subject of the project is the comparative analysis of a
bridge with beams and a truss composite bridge and aims to find the
optimal solution considering the functionality, and the easement of
construction. The necessary controls of bridge are carried out accordingly
to the provisions determined by Eurocodes.
In order to analyse the model of bridge in computer, the use of
package Sofistik was necessary. The beams and deck are simulated as
beam elements, while supports are simulated as elastic links. In addition,
with the help of this program, all the necessary static and dynamic loads
accordingly to which the results of stress of the bridge are exported, are
input.
In the introduction the function of composite bridges are described
summarily and all the used provisions of Eurocodes are given. In the next
chapters, the appliance of provisions in each structural system which is
examined is performed. The last chapter considers the inferences that
turned out by the comparative analysis of the results of two supporting
systems of bridges.

.
.
.
.
,
.
1.1

.
,
, , , .

.
,
, , ,
, .
1.2

,
.

.
1.3
1.3.1

,

.
30

24 30cm.

. 30-80

.
1.3.2
T

,

.

,
.
1.3.3
50
m
,
,

.

.

.
1.3.4
100
250 m

.

.

,
, .
1.3.5

.

.
,
.
1.3.6

.

.
,
.
10
2.1

.

, ,

.
2.2
2.2.1

, ,
,
( , )
(, , ).
G1
G2
(,
, ,
)
K
D1
2.1
11
2.2
S

C

2.3
2.2.2

1 . ,

:
w<5,4 m
5,4mw6m
w6m
n 1 =1
n 1 =2
n 1 =w/3
2.4
12
3
w/2
3m
w-3
0
w-3n 1
1 :
2.1 1
TS
Q()
300
UDL q(KN/m2)
9
200
2,5
100
2,5
2,5
(q rk )
2,5
2.5
13
2.2.3
2.2.3.1

L
= ( + )
1,1
0,55
1,50

E

i
RH
14
(, ) = (, )
= ( ) (, )
= /
= ( +
,
( ) =
, + .

(, ) = (
).
+ ( )
( ) =
= , ( + (, ) )
+
= ( )
80%
2.2.3.2
, ( ) = , ( )
as (t) = 1 e0.2t
0.5
f cm
c,ds (fcm ) = (220 + 110 ads ,1 ) e(a ds ,2 10 )10
RH = 1,55 (1 RH 3 )
ds (t t s ) =
t ts
t t s + 0,04 ho 3
c,ds (t, ts) = c,dso (fcm ) RH ds (t t s )

c,as (t) = c,aso (fcm ) s (t)
cs (t, t o ) = cs ,as (t) + cds (t, t s )
15
2.3

.

.
2.3.1 (..)
:
d R d
d
Rd .
16
Gj Gkj + P Pk + Q1 Qk1 + Qi 0 Qki

j1
i>1

0 :

1,0
1,35
1,0
1
0
1,35
1
0
0
1,1
0 1,53
1,5
2
0

TS: 0,75
UDL:0,40

02 0,63
0,6
2.6 ..
O
:

c =1,5
s =1,15
=1,0
v =1,25
vs =1,25
2.7
17
2.3.2 (..)
:

:
d C d
d
Rd
,

( , )
..
:
Gkj + Pk + 11 Q k1 + 2 Q ki
j1

j>1
Gkj + Pk + 1 Qk1 + 1 Qki

j1
j>1
Gkj + Pk + Qk1 + 0i Qki
Gkj + Pk + 2i Qki
j1
2.8 ..
18
j>1
j1
j>1
2.4
2.4.1

C35/45,
:
f ck
f cm
35
43
fctk 0,05 fctk 0,95

2,2
4,2
f ctm
E cm
3,2
33300
0,2
25
26
2.9
2.4.2 X
S500.

, ,
.
2.4.3

S355. H S355
:
fyd =
fyk
fyk
=
M 1,0
To
-23 C 65 mm.
19
150 mm
.
2.5 ..
2.5.1

. 4
:
20
21
2.5.2
2.5.2.1

. :
ed M c, Rd
ed M c, Rd .
22
H
:
c,Rd = pl ,Rd =
c,Rd = el ,Rd =
c,Rd =
W eff f y
0
W pl f y
1 2
W el f y
1 2
2.5.2.2

.

V pl .
:
V Ed V pl
w 0,83
V Ed w Vpl
w >0,83
w
:

w <0,83
1,0
1,0
0,83 w< 1,08
0,83/ w
0,83/ w
w 1,08
1,37/(0,7+ w )
0,83/ w
2.10 w
23
V pl , Rd
Vpl =
Av fy
3 0
V .
2.5.2.3
Ed
:
N Ed N pl

:
A fy
pl =
0
2.5.2.4
1 2
.
:
d MN,Rd
MN,Rd
Ed
:
MN,Rd = Mpl ,Rd (1 n1,7 )
24
2.5.2.5

:
d b,Rd
b, Rd
b,Rd =
fy
1

,
:
=
+ 2 2
= , 51 + 0,2 + 2
=
Lcr
i
L cr
25
1 =
= 93,9
fy
2.11
26
235
fy
0,13
0,21
0,34
0,49
0,76
2.12
2.5.3 ( )

.
,
+ 1/3 .
= f +1/3A wc

b, Rd =
fy
d
1,0
Nb,Rd

LT =
Af y
N cr
cr uler :
cr = 2 /L2
L .
27
2.6 ..
2.6.1

.

f yk /
s 0,8f sk
f yk /(3 )
2.13
28
2 + 3 2 fyk /
=1,0
=1,1
2.6.2

2.6.2.1
:
k d =0,9
min As =
s =
kc =
k d k c k fct ,eff
Act
s
1
h
1+ c
2 zo
+ 0,3 1
fct ,eff = fcm =

2.6.2.2

s

minM
fct
Zso + 0,4
s, 2 = so, el + s =
I
a s
2.6.3

2 .
29
2.7
H

.

,

.

.

.
2.7.1
.

.
:
d
16
19
22
25
d2
29
32
35
38
h
50,75,100,125,150,175,200
75,100,125,150,200
50,75,100,125,150,175,200,225,250
100,125,150,175,200,250
2.14 mm
PRd 1 =
30
0,8 fu (
v
d2
)
4

fck Ecm
PRd = 0,29 d2
v
5de L 4 h c
800 mm
2,5de T
25mme D

2.15
2.7.2
:

vLc ,Ed = vL,Ed
cp ,eff
Actot ,eff

vLc ,Ed = vL,Ed
sp ,
Astot
31
A :
vc,Rd =
0,75 Lv fcd
cot + tan
2.8
3
.
:
2.2 3
H
.
2.8.1

.

:
32
E = a,max - a,min
= 1 2 3 4 max
=1
:
1
2

1/
2 = (
)
bs =2106
bs =0,5106
13 m
m=8
3

t Ld
1/5
)
3 = (
100

4 = (1 + )1/
1
n j

j
2.16
33
Ff
1
c /f,a
2.8.2
.

cmaxf =
Mmaxf
zc
I1
cmaxf =
Mminf
zc
I1
H :
fcdf =
28
0,2(1 )
t
e
(1
fck
)f
250 cd
(cmaxf 0,45 cminf )

0,5
fcd
2.8.3
.
=
34
v Vf SSt
n I Ad
n= o A d
v = = v1 v2 v3 v4

:
v1
v2
v3
v4
1,55
1,00 bs =0,5106
1,00
1,00
2.17
f ,2
1
c /f
35
3.1
60 m
. To 11 m
8 m
1.5
m.
36

60 m
2
7,4 m
1,8 m
2
8m
1,5 m
11
3.2
5500
0.
0300
0403
0400
0402
0401
03020310
0309
2000.
2790
0303
0308 0304
0306
Y
-6000.
-4000.
-2000.
-0.
2000.
4000.
6000.
8000.
mm
(m2)
ze(m)
Iy(m4)
0,151
1,468
0,174
6,170
0,389
0,744
0,410

P100

S100
16,300
0,250
1,086
0,288
11,260
0,288
0,960
0,309
37

P30000

S30000
25,450
0,220
1,218
0,266
15,810
0,253
1,076
0,290
3.1
3.3

g a =11,8 KN/m

gc=255,50,25=34,375 /m
g2
g2=18,425 /m

1
.
38
5.00
3.75
3.2
0
3.75
-15.00
3.75
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
3.75
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
All loads, Loadcase 3 Loadcase 3 , (1 cm 3D = unit) Free area load (force) in global Z (Unit=2.00 kN/m2
35.00
) (Min=-3.75) (Max=0)
M 1 : 158
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
XY
5.00
3.1
9.00
3.00
0.00
2.5
0
-10.00
-5.00
3.00
9.00
2.50
2.5 3.00
0
-15.00
3.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
Z
Y
X
20.00
25.00
30.00
) (Min=-9.00) (Max=0)
35.00
M 1 : 154
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
3.2
39
0.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
10.00
5.00
0.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
All loads, Loadcase 5 Loadcase 5 , (1 cm 3D = unit) Free single load (force) in global Z (Unit=100.0 kN
M 1 : 151
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
Y
X
5.00
3.3
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
Z
Y
X
3.4
40
20.00
25.00
30.00
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
35.00
M 1 : 157
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
3.4
3.4.1
(m)
5332
16481
8259
13416
..
.

O
V(KN)
355,4
1031
552,6
1020
340,8
9017
R(KN)
355,4
1031
553
1020
656,4
-10.00
-184.0
33827
27150
45398
39832
54987
50526
62566
59001
67860
65461
70533
69727
70800
70176
68836
66831
64038
60802
57126
52781
47990
42754
36849
30499
23703
-123.4 12434
20018
-89.8
-68.7
-68.6
-70.5
-71.8
-70.5
-79.2
-139.6
-178.9
-142.0
-79.8
-69.7
-69.6
-70.1
-69.1
-68.6
-85.7
-121.7 16223
8311
-183.9
0.00
10.00
3.4.2
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
20.00
30.00
Beam Elements , Bending moment My, nonlinear Loadcase 1003 1.35G_1+1.35G_2+1.35G_2+1.35... , 1 cm 3D = 50000. kNm (Min=-184.0)
(Max=70800.)
40.00
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 254
3.5
41
10.00
0.00
90.2
118.4
130.7
134.6
135.2
-10.00
-3794
-3701
-3375
-3034
-2924
-2586
-2256
133.0 -2147
-1811
135.3 -1474
137.3 -1362
-1024
138.2 -690.6
140.2 -579.7
-243.6
197.9
536.4 -145.3
647.7 -146.4
1321 -142.8
985.1
-147.1
-144.0
-146.2
-176.5
-311.5
-451.5
1430 -144.6
1764
2105
2212
2541
2873
2989
3395
4014
4228
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Beam Elements , Shear force Vz, nonlinear Loadcase 1004 1.35G_1+1.35G_2+1.35G_2+1.35... , 1 cm 3D = 5000. kN (Min=-3794.) (Max=4228.)
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 254
3.6
3.4.3

.
z0 = d +
Z b d 0.85fcd
2 fyd bfo
: A a = 1510 cm2
: =151035,5=53605
42
zO = 25 +
53605 550 25 0.85

2 35,5 65
3,5
1,5
= 30,7 < 31 cm

+
pl = 53605 171,79
25
30,7
= 81343,26 KNm
2 35,5 65 (30,7 25)
2
2
3.4.4

hw
t
240
2
= 120 > 72 = 72 0,81 = 58,32

w =
hw
240
=
= 1,71 > 1,08
86,4 t w 86,4 0,81 2
w =
1,37
= 0,57
0,7 + 1,71
43

Vpl ,a,Rd = Av
fyk /3 240 2 35,5

=
= 9838 KN
3 1,0
Vb,a,Rd = 0,57 9838 = 5607 KN

80 cm w =1,2
3.4.5

L=6m

. : g a = 11,85 /m
N : g c =265,50,25=35,75 KN/m
: q sd = 1,35(11,85+35,75)=64,26 KN/m

M Ed =28917 KNm
H
1/3

z=15,5 cm
44
A eff =656+802=550 cm2

Ieff =
665 3
12
= 13712,5 cm4

Ncr =
2 21000 137312 ,5
600 2
= 79054,5

LT =
35,5550
79054 ,5
= 0,496
h/b=2400/800=3>2 K d
LT =0,75

b,Rd = 0,75
35,5
1,1
550 = 13312 KN

z=146,78-15,5=131,28

=17400000 cm4
T
=
z=
2891700
17400000
131,28 = 21,82 KN/cm2

f, Ed = eff =21,82550=12000 KN < 13312
45
3.5 ..
3.5.1
: c = 550 25 = 13750 cm2
u = 2(550+25)= 1150 cm
I :
80%
ho =
2 13750
= 23,91 cm
1150
C35/45 f cm =43 MPa cm =34000 MPa

:
RH = 1 +
1 0,8
0,13 239,1
1 =0,865, 2 =0,959, 3 =0,9
0,865 0,959 = 1,227
28 :
16,8 16,8
( ) =
=
= 2,56
43
t 0 =1

1
(0 ) =
= 0,9
0,1 + 10,2
46
B
0 = RH (fcm ) (t 0 ) = 1,227 2,56 0,9 = 2,85
= 1,5 [1 + (0,012 RH)18 ] h0 + 250 a3 = 1,5 [1 + (0,012 80)18 )239,1 +

250 0,9 = 756,3 < 1500 a3 = 1353,3
100
100 1
)0,3 = 0,523
756,3 + 100 1
= c (t, t 0 ) 0 = 0,523 2,85 = 1,49
c (100) = (
30000
30000 1
)0,3 = 0,99
756,3 + 30000 1
= (, 0 ) 0 = 0,99 2,85 = 2,83
(30000) = (

cm=34000
T
0 =
210000
=
= 6,17
34000
47
T 100

= 0 (1 + (, 0 ))
M L =1,1
100 = 6,17 (1 + 1,1 1,49) = 16,3
L =0,55
100 = 6,17 (1 + 0,55 1,49) = 11,26
L =1,5
100 = 6,17 (1 + 1,5 1,49) = 20
30000
M L =1,1
100 = 6,17 (1 + 1,1 0,99) = 25,45
L =0,55
100 = 6,17 (1 + 0,55 0,99) = 15,81
L =1,5
100 = 6,17 (1 + 1,5 0,99) = 32,46

48
3.5.2
f cm =43
K
ads1=4,
ads2=0,12
RH = 1,55 (1 (
RH 3
) = 1,55 (1 0,83 ) = 0,75
100%
fcm
cd ,0 = 0,85 [(220 + 110 ads1) eads 2 10 ] 106 RH

43
cd ,0 = 0,85 (220 + 110 4) e0,1210 106 0,75 = 0,00042
d (t, ts) =
A
kh =0,75
t ts
t ts + 0,04h0 3
cd (t) = ds(t, ts) kh cd,0
100
d (t, ts) =
100 1
100 1 +
0,04239,13
= 0,4
cd (100) = 0,4 0,75 0,00042 = 0,00012
30000
d (t, ts) =
cd (100)
30000 1
0,04239,13
= 0,99
30000 1 +
= 0,99 0,75 0,00042 = 0,00029
49
3.5.3 ..
30000
sh = sh
n0
6,17
Ecm Ac = 0,00029
3400 13750 = 5294
15,8
ns
sh = Nsh zg zs =52941,076=5696 m

0
P
e
17400000
40954650,94
26620068,5
Wau
162313,43
200129,94
156203,13
Wao
118528,61
829718,38
318496,36
533200
1546600
829000
2428800
u
(KN/cm2)
3,285
9,528
4,142
12,136

(KN/cm2)
4,498
13,048
0,999
2,927
569600
-2,846
-0,6877
26,246
20,787
(cm)
..
.

30000
50
0.00
10.00
20.00
50.00
0.0521
17.1
25.5
33.6
-10.00
-86.8
-84.6
-82.4
-80.3
-78.1
-75.9
-73.8
-71.6
-69.4
-67.3
-65.1
-62.9
-60.8
-58.6
-56.4
-54.2
-52.1
-49.9
-47.7
-45.6
-43.4
-41.2
-39.1
-36.9
-34.7
-32.5
-30.4
-28.2
-26.0
-23.9
-21.7
-19.5
-17.4
-15.2
-13.0
-10.8
-8.7
-6.5
-4.3
-2.2
-10.00
0.00
0.0133
(Min=-66.9) (Max=0.0133)
7.20
14.2
21.3
41.4
48.8
50.00
27.7
40.00
33.9
55.8
40.00
39.9
62.1
68.4
73.0
77.2
82.0
(Min=-86.8) (Max=0)
45.1
50.0
30.00
54.5
58.1
61.2
Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 1 Loadcase 1 , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm
63.8
85.6
86.8
85.6
30.00
65.3
20.00
66.4
66.9
66.4
82.1
20.00
65.3
77.2
72.9
68.4
62.1
55.8
48.8
Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 16 1h fasi skirodetisis , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm
63.8
61.2
10.00
58.1
54.5
50.0
45.1
41.4
33.6
25.5
10.00
39.9
0.00
33.9
27.7
21.3
17.1
0.00
8.64
0.0602
Z
Y X
14.2
Z
Y X
7.20
0.226
0.0
10.00
20.00
-66.9
-65.3
-63.6
-61.9
-60.3
-58.6
-56.9
-55.2
-53.6
-51.9
-50.2
-48.5
-46.9
-45.2
-43.5
-41.9
-40.2
-38.5
-36.8
-35.2
-33.5
-31.8
-30.1
-28.5
-26.8
-25.1
-23.4
-21.8
-20.1
-18.4
-16.7
-15.1
-13.4
-11.7
-10.0
-8.4
-6.7
-5.0
-3.3
0.0
0.0
3.5.4 ..
60.00
M 1 : 254
3.7 I.
60.00
M 1 : 254
3.8 1
51
0.357
0.00
10.00
20.00
50.00
2.03
6.74
9.67
-10.00
-37.4
-36.8
-35.9
-34.9
-34.0
-33.1
-32.1
-31.2
-30.2
-29.3
-28.3
-27.4
-26.4
-25.5
-24.6
-23.6
-22.7
-21.7
-20.8
-19.8
-18.9
-17.9
-17.0
-16.1
-15.1
-14.2
-13.2
-12.3
-11.3
-10.4
-9.4
-8.5
-7.6
-6.6
-5.7
-4.7
-3.8
-2.8
-1.9
0.0
-10.00
0.00
0.696
0.4
12.5
13.3
17.7
20.2
23.2
50.00
22.7
40.00
31.9
39.6
26.9
40.00
28.6
30.8
33.5
(Min=-37.4) (Max=0.359)
45.8
30.00
50.0
52.5
Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 17 skurodetisi , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm
35.7
37.0
37.4
30.00
54.1
20.00
55.2
55.5
37.0
3.10
55.2
20.00
35.7
33.5
30.8
28.6
54.1
10.00
52.5
50.1
27.0
23.2
20.2
10.00
45.8
39.7
17.7
13.3
52
31.9
0.00
9.67
6.74
0.359
Z
Y X
22.7
Z
Y X
12.5
1.58
0.00
60.00
m
(Min=-55.5) (Max=0.696)
M 1 : 255
3.9 2
60.00
M 1 : 254
10.00
20.00
-55.5
-54.8
-53.4
-52.0
-50.6
-49.2
-47.8
-46.4
-45.0
-43.6
-42.2
-40.8
-39.4
-37.9
-36.5
-35.1
-33.7
-32.3
-30.9
-29.5
-28.1
-26.7
-25.3
-23.9
-22.5
-21.1
-19.7
-18.3
-16.9
-15.5
-14.1
-12.6
-11.2
-9.8
-8.4
-7.0
-5.6
-4.2
-2.8
0.0
0.7
10.00
20.00
50.00
0.00
(Min=-20.1) (Max=0.345)
0.2331E-3 0.2332E-3
1.81
3.49
5.05
6.49
-10.00
-14.0
-13.7
-13.3
-13.0
-12.6
-12.3
-11.9
-11.6
-11.2
-10.9
-10.5
-10.2
-9.8
-9.5
-9.1
-8.8
-8.4
-8.1
-7.7
-7.4
-7.0
-6.7
-6.3
-6.0
-5.6
-5.3
-4.9
-4.6
-4.2
-3.9
-3.5
-3.2
-2.8
-2.5
-2.1
-1.8
-1.4
-1.1
-0.7
0.0
-10.00
0.00
0.341
0.0
1.99
3.91
6.25
50.00
7.61
7.79
8.98
40.00
10.0
11.0
11.8
12.5
13.0
(Min=-14.0) (Max= 2.3315e-04)
11.9
40.00
9.34
30.00
14.3
Nodal displacement in global Z, nonlinear Loadcase 1007 0.2L+0.2L , 1 cm 3D = 10.0 mm
16.3
18.0
13.5
13.8
14.0
14.0
14.0
13.8
30.00
19.2
20.00
19.9
20.1
19.9
20.00
13.5
13.0
12.5
11.8
11.0
10.0
19.2
10.00
18.0
16.3
14.3
8.98
7.79
6.48
5.05
10.00
11.9
9.34
7.60
3.49
0.00
1.81
0.1860E-3 0.1860E-3
Z
Y X
6.24
0.345
Z
Y X
3.91
1.99
0.00
60.00
m
M 1 : 254
3.11
60.00
M 1 : 254
3.12
53
10.00
20.00
-20.1
-20.0
-19.5
-19.0
-18.4
-17.9
-17.4
-16.9
-16.4
-15.9
-15.4
-14.9
-14.3
-13.8
-13.3
-12.8
-12.3
-11.8
-11.3
-10.8
-10.2
-9.7
-9.2
-8.7
-8.2
-7.7
-7.2
-6.7
-6.1
-5.6
-5.1
-4.6
-4.1
-3.6
-3.1
-2.6
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
0.0
0.3
3.6
D = d b 0,85 fcd + 2 fyd bf0 (z0 d)
D = 25 550 0,85
D=53605 kN
3,5
+ 2 35,5 65 (30,7 25)
1,5

25 h=150 mm f uk =450 N/mm2
3.6.1
PRd 1 =
PRd 1 =
d2
)
4
0,8f u (
v
2,52
)
4
= 141,37 KN
1,25
0,8 45 (
3.6.2
h
150
25
= 6 > 4 , =1
f
PRd = 0,29 d2 ck
PRd = 0,29 1 2,52
54
E cm
3,53350
1,25
= 157 KN
Prd=min (141,3;157)= 141,3 KN

3.6.3
D=53605 KN
A
53605
3 =
= 380
141,3
127

6000
= 2 = 2 = 23
127
25/23 cm
3.6.4

5d<e L <min(6h c ,800 mm)
125mm<230mm<800mm

e T 2,5d=2,525=62,5mm

e 9t f =9600,81=437,4 mm
55
3.6.5

vL,Ed =
53605
= 1787 KN/m
30
cp ,eff =
56
550 65
25 = 6062,5 cm2
2
VcRd
3,5
0,75 Lv fcd 0,75 25 0,85 1,5
=
=
= 1828 KN/m
1,2 + 1,21
1,2 + 1,21
VLc ,Ed 787,9
=
= 0,43 < 1
1828
Vc.Rd
3.7

.
3.7.1

100
( ) 80
80

100
80
57

/cm2
80 =8

80 m
:
= 1 2 3 4 max
1:
L 10
50
= 2,55 0,7
= 2,05
70
70
2 :
1 = 2,55 0,7
2 =
Qm1 Nobs 1
Nobs 1
(
)5 = (
)5
No
Q0 No
2 :
, bs=0,5106
No=0,5106 2 =1
3 = (
4=1 ( )
t Ld 1
)5 = 1
100
= 1 2 3 4 =2
25 max =2
58
M max,f,E =M perm + max,f = M perm +24624= 29090+9248 KNm

M min,f,E =M perm + min, f = 29090 KNm
= max -M min = 9248 KNm

=
924800
KN
8,0
=
= 4,6 2 <
= 7,0 KN/cm2
cm
1,15
Wau 200130
924800
KN
8,0
=
= 1,11 2 <
= 7,0 KN/cm2
cm
1,15
Wa 829718
V=(V max,f -V min,f )= 2251,6=503,2 KN

=
KN
8,0
V 503,2
=
= 1,048 2 <
= 7,0 KN/cm2
480
cm
1,15
Avz
3.7.2
90
v1 =1,55 <100 m
v2 =
Nobs 1/8
0,510 6
=1
3 =1,00 100
59
v4 =1,00
v = = 1 2 3 4 =1,55

v Vf c0 za,0 1,55 1 251 13750 49,4

=
= 0,10
13 40954650,94 4,9
n I Ad
9
<
= 7,2 KN/cm2
1,25
3.8

800x800
X
15 mm
A n=8
: G=0,10 KN/cm2
M : =119.6 KN/cm2

x = Ky =
Kz =
60
abE
t
abG
nt i
80800,1
81,5
8080119,6
81,5
= 5333 KN/m
= 6378666 KN/m
3.8.1

:

C

II (A=0.24g)
q
1,5
0,2
c
0,6
TD
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
(sec)
1,82
1,49
1,07
0,79
0,68
0,64
0,47
0,45
0,44
0,40
61

:
max U (CQC)=180mm

sd =
18
= 1,5 < 2
8 1,5

max N Ed =2210 KN

S=
ab
80 80
=
= 13,33
2(a + b) t i 2(80 + 80) 1,5
r =(a- x )(b- y )=(80-17,7)(80-13,8)=4124,26cm2

M
=
62
maxN
2210
=
= 0,54 KN/cm2
Ar
4124,26

cd =
1,5 e
1,5 0,54
=
= 0,6
13,33 0,1
SG
:
bd = s,d + cd =1,5+0,6=2,1

e = 0,54
KN
2 a G S 2 80 0,1 13,33
<
=
= 5,92 KN/cm2
cm2
3 t i
3 8 1,5
3.8.2
3.8.2.1
-

Q= 0,6600+0,19360=522

522
= 130,5
4
63

tanx =
Hx
130,5
=
= 0,20
b G 80 80 0,1

x = 13.4 mm
x:
tan = 0,20 +
1,34
= 0,31
8 1,5
3.8.2.2

qb =
1
1
vb 2 = 1,25 332 = 0,68 KN/m2
2
2
qp = ce qb = 2,03 0,68 = 1,38KN/m2
64

d o =d+d 1 =2,79+1=3,79m
b/d =11/4=2,75 c fx,0 =1,7

w=q p c fx =1,381,7=2,346 /m2

d o =d+2=2,79+2=4,79 m
b/d =11/4,79=2,3 c fx,0 =1,9

w=q p c fx =1,381,9=2,622 /m2

:
w=3,24,79=15,3 KN/m
y
u ymax =31 mm
H y :
=
3,1
= 0,26
8 1,5
65
= + = 0,312 + 0,262 = 0,4
66
4.1

.

60 m
2
7,4 m
1,8 m
2
8m
1,5 m
11
67
0

P100

S100

P30000

S30000
(m2)
ze(m)
Iy(m4)
6.170000
16.300000
0.030700
0.268553
0.130056
0.254000
0.168326
0.214464
0.000914
0.005981
0.004722
11.260000
0.167814
0.194335
0.005153
25.450000
0.099728
0.241671
0.004248
15.810000
0.132670
0.212701
0.004757
4.2

gc=255,50,25=34,375 /m
g2
g2=18,425 /m

1
.
68
5.00
3.75
3.2
0
3.75
-15.00
3.75
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
3.75
0.00
Z
Y
X
5.00
10.00
15.00

20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
M 1 : 154
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
) (Min=-3.75) (Max=0)
4.1
69
5.00
9.00
3.00
0.00
2.5
0
-10.00
-5.00
3.00
9.00
2.50
3.00
-15.00
3.00
0.00
Z
XY
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00

30.00
35.00
M 1 : 154
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
) (Min=-9.00) (Max=0)
0.00
4.2
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
Z
Y
X
5.00
10.00
15.00

4.3
70
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
M 1 : 151
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
5.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
Z
XY
5.00
10.00
15.00

20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
M 1 : 151
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
4.4
71
5.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
Z
XY
10.00
5.00
15.00
20.00
25.00

30.00
35.00
M 1 : 151
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
4.5 5 m
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
Z
XY
5.00
10.00
4.6 10 m
72
15.00

20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
M 1 : 151
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
Z
XY
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00

30.00
35.00
M 1 : 151
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
0.00
4.7 15 m
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
Z
Y
X
5.00
10.00
15.00

20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
M 1 : 151
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
4.8 20 m
73
0.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
100.0
150.0
150.0
0.00
Z
XY
5.00
10.00

4.9 25 m
74
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
M 1 : 151
) (Min=-150.0) (Max=0)
X * 0.502
Y * 0.906
Z * 0.962
10.00
20.00
4.3
0.00
18
1.4
-1351
4.3
27
794.9
-20.00
-10.00
1557
3185
3367
3581
3246
2770
3147
3541
3581
3158
3188
2935
-386.4
1962
3.1
-10 2171
-80.3
2855
-185.5 2966
-105.0
-118.3
-135.8
-202.7
-265.8
-204.3
-135.6
-116.7 85.2
-104.4
-184.9
2513
1984
1763
1857
794.5
-315.7
-86.9
-105.8
-1226
88.2
80.3
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 281
Beam Elements , Bending moment My (Maximum values cubic interpolated), nonlinear Loadcase 1015 1.35G_1+1.35G_2+1.35L+1.35L , 1 cm 3D =
2000. kNm (Min=-1351.) (Max=3581.)
Z
Y X
-20.00
-10.00
7.8
-15
-743.7
-444.6
-521.1
-302.6
.4
-36
-578.8
-247.6
-349.1
-203.6
-422.8
-139.8
-306.0
-678.8
-19
.9
23.8
36.1
52.8
127.8
76.7
32.7
91.1
258.1
35.8
38.8
-15.9
-274.1
-221.2
144.8
-0.719
-254.7
153.0
244.6
254.3
223.8
274.0
678.7
308.9
424.7
350.7
577.9
-70.5
309.5
-76.4
25.6 -96.3
436.3
516.7
817.3
35.9
0.00
10.00
4.10
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Beam Elements , Shear force Vz, nonlinear Loadcase 1015 1.35G_1+1.35G_2+1.35L+1.35L , 1 cm 3D = 500.0 kN (Min=-743.7) (Max=817.3)
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 268
4.11
75
20.00
10.00
0.00
-20.00
-10.00
24
21
39
13
63
10
63
05
6297
11537
29
74
23
74
84
47
72
45
72
41
-6086
-6086
-11329
-11329
-15443
-15443
15606
01
39
18907
20929
20929
20924
20924
18896
15590
15590
11521
11521
09
24
69
13
07
39
-1481
-1569
-18796
-18796
-1564
-20873
-20873
-22024
-22024
-22024
-12.8
-22024
-20867
-20867
-18784
-18784
-11310
-15425
-5917
-11310
-5917
-0.400
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
4.12
76
20.00
30.00
Beam Elements , Normal force Nx, nonlinear Loadcase 1015 1.35G_1+1.35G_2+1.35L+1.35L , 1 cm 3D = 20000. kN (Min=-22024.) (Max=20929.)
40.00
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 288
4.3.1
4.3.1.1 CHS 813x30
812
___
7
___9
___8
A
___
6
___
___
B
___5
0.
___4
___D
812
___C
M
S
___
3
E
___
___
F
Y
1000.
1500.
500.
___G
___1
0.
2
___
-500.
-1000.
-1500.
mm

pl =
A fy 737 35,5
=
= 26163,5
1,00
0

pl =
WPl fy 18402 35,5

=
= 6532 KNm
1,00
1

Vpl ,a,Rd = Av
fyk /3 737 35,5

=
= 15105 KN
77
4.3.1.2
' CHS 508x16

pl =
Af y
24735,5
1,00
= 8768,5 KN
y
Mz
200 2
81,8 2
+
=
+
= 0,029 1
1250
1250
Mpl
Mpl
CHS 406,4x16

pl =
Af y
19635,5
1,00
= 6958
y
Mz
75,5 2
49,2 2
+
=
+
= 0,01 1
866,2
866,2
Mpl
Mpl
78
CHS 323,9x16

pl =
Af y
15535,5
1,00
= 5502,5 K
y
Mz
31,6 2
14,8 2
+
=
+
= 0,004 1
538,9
538,9
Mpl
Mpl
4.3.2
=0,568
Lcr
350
=
= 0,332
i 1 13,8 76,06
=0,97
pl =
A fy 0,97 196 35,5

=
= 6750
1,00
0
79

y,Rd = z,Rd = Mpl (1 n1,7 ) = 2509(1 0,581,7 ) = 1515 KNm
2
111,2 2
314,3 2
+
=
+
= 0,048 1
1515
1515
MNy ,Rd
MNz ,Rd
y
Mz
4.3.3
pl =
A fy 2685 35,5
=
= 95317
1,00
0
4.3.4
508
___
7
___9
___8
A
___
6
___
___
B
___5
___4
___D
508
___C
M
S
___
3
E
___
___
F
Y
1000.
500.
___G
___1
2
___
0.
-500.
-1000.

Ed =8196 KN

80
mm
=0,59
Lcr
500
=
= 0,38
i 1 17,3 76,06
=0,96
pl =
A fy 0,96 307 35,5

=
= 10462
1,00
0
4.4
4.4.1
30000
sh = sh
n0
6,17
Ecm Ac = 0,00029
3400 13750 = 5294
15,8
ns
..
.

30000
() (KN/cm2)
1688
5.5
4605
15
2285
0.85
5970
2.22
5294
-3.9
19,67
81

() (KN/cm2)
1683
2.27
4585
6.19
2185
2.95
5605
7.57
..
.

18,98
-10.00
0.7
48
16.9
31.7
38.4
46.5
46.5
38.4
31.7
16.9
0.213 0.748
6.62
12.6
22.2
27.4
35.1
41.3
44.1
47.6
47.6
48.1
44.1
41.3
35.1
27.4
22.2
12.6
6.62
0.213
0.00
10.00
20.00
-0.7
0.0
1.2
2.4
3.7
4.9
6.1
7.3
8.5
9.8
11.0
12.2
13.4
14.6
15.9
17.1
18.3
19.5
20.7
22.0
23.2
24.4
25.6
26.8
28.1
29.3
30.5
31.7
32.9
34.2
35.4
36.6
37.8
39.0
40.3
41.5
42.7
43.9
45.1
46.4
48.1
4.4.2 ..
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
20.00
30.00
Nodal displacement in local z, Loadcase 1 Loadcase 1 , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm
4.13
82
40.00
(Min=-0.748) (Max=48.1)
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 271
10.00
20.00
-1.1
0.0
1.7
3.4
5.1
6.8
8.4
10.1
11.8
13.5
15.2
16.9
18.6
20.3
21.9
23.6
25.3
27.0
28.7
30.4
32.1
33.8
35.5
37.1
38.8
40.5
42.2
43.9
45.6
47.3
49.0
50.6
52.3
54.0
55.7
57.4
59.1
60.8
62.5
64.2
66.4
0.00
-10.00
1.1
3
21.1
40.6
49.9
49.9
32.6
21.1
0.0584 1.13
7.83
15.4
27.8
34.7
45.3
54.9
60.3
63.0
65.8
66.4
65.9
63.0
54.9
60.2
45.3
39.2
27.8
15.4
7.83
0.0572
0.254
0.0866
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
Nodal displacement in local z, Loadcase 17 Skurodetisi prwti fasi , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm
60.00
(Min=-1.13) (Max=66.4)
M 1 : 282
10.00
-35.8
-35.0
-34.1
-33.2
-32.2
-31.3
-30.4
-29.5
-28.6
-27.6
-26.7
-25.8
-24.9
-23.9
-23.0
-22.1
-21.2
-20.3
-19.3
-18.4
-17.5
-16.6
-15.7
-14.7
-13.8
-12.9
-12.0
-11.1
-10.1
-9.2
-8.3
-7.4
-6.4
-5.5
-4.6
-3.7
-2.8
-1.8
-0.9
0.0
1.1
4.14 1
0.00
2.12
7.54
14.3
18.8
25.3
28.9
31.8
33.6
34.5
35.3
35.7
35.8
35.6
35.3
34.5
33.5
31.7
28.9
25.3
21.1
16.5
11.4
6.43
-10.00
10.5
21.4
1.09
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
20.00

Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 17 gia belh , 1 cm 3D = 20.0 mm
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 254
(Min=-35.8) (Max=1.09)
4.15 2
83
10.00
20.00
-0.297
-0.293
0.000
0.293
0.586
0.879
1.172
1.465
1.758
2.051
2.344
2.636
2.929
3.222
3.515
3.808
4.101
4.394
4.687
4.980
5.273
5.566
5.859
6.152
6.445
6.738
7.031
7.324
7.617
7.909
8.202
8.495
8.788
9.081
9.374
9.667
9.960
10.253
10.546
10.839
11.421
(Min=-4.94) (Max=35.9)
0.00
0.0842
2.66
-10.00
7.9
1
0.500
3.0
4
-10.00
26
.0
22
.5
17
.2
10
.4
27
.1
0.00
1.08
50.00
3.26
1.90
5.73
50.00
3.71
5.00
40.00
6.75
7.81
8.71
9.47
10.1
(Min=-0.297) (Max=11.4)
7.97
3.91
10.9
11.2
0.188
15.2
40.00
19.5
4.54
23.5
30.00
27.0
4.94
29.9
32.3
34.1
Nodal displacement in local z, Loadcase 3 Loadcase 3 , 1 cm 3D = 20.0 mm
10.7
0.297
35.2
30.00
35.8
20.00
11.4
0.170
35.9
11.2
20.00
10.7
10.1
Nodal displacement in local z, nonlinear Loadcase 1003 0.2L+0.2L , 1 cm 3D = 10.0 mm
35.7
35.2
7.86
6.20
4.17
34.0
10.00
9.47
8.70
7.28
5.59
10.00
32.2
29.9
26.9
23.4
19.5
4.37
84
3.00
Z
Y X
1.63
0.253
0.00
15.1
1.08
Z
Y X
10.5
5.65
0.00
3.86
60.00
M 1 : 254
4.16
60.00
M 1 : 254
10.00
-4.9
-4.1
-3.1
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.1
4.1
5.1
6.1
7.1
8.2
9.2
10.2
11.2
12.3
13.3
14.3
15.3
16.3
17.4
18.4
19.4
20.4
21.4
22.5
23.5
24.5
25.5
26.5
27.6
28.6
29.6
30.6
31.7
32.7
33.7
34.7
35.9
-10.00
0.0303
0.00
10.00
-0.970
-0.944
-0.919
-0.893
-0.868
-0.842
-0.817
-0.791
-0.766
-0.740
-0.714
-0.689
-0.663
-0.638
-0.612
-0.587
-0.561
-0.536
-0.510
-0.485
-0.459
-0.434
-0.408
-0.383
-0.357
-0.332
-0.306
-0.281
-0.255
-0.230
-0.204
-0.179
-0.153
-0.128
-0.102
-0.077
-0.051
-0.026
0.000
0.030
-0.990
0.282
0.421
0.534
0.638
0.729
0.807
0.871
0.920
0.957
0.979
0.988
0.990
0.988
0.978
0.956
0.920
0.870
0.806
0.729
0.638
0.534
0.420
0.282
0.0307 0.2039E-3
0.00
Z
Y X
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
(Min=-0.990) (Max=0.0303)
50.00
60.00
M 1 : 254
4.18
4.5

D = 27270
25 h=150 mm f uk =450 N/mm2
4.5.1
PRd 1 =
0,8 fu (
v
d2
)
4
85
PRd 1
2,52
0,8 45 (
)
4
=
= 141,37 KN
1,25
4.5.2
h
150
25
= 6 > 4 , =1
f
PRd = 0,29 d2 ck
PRd = 0,29 1 2,52
E cm
3,53350
1,25
= 157 KN
Prd=min (141,3;157)= 141,3 KN
4.5.3
D=27270 KN
A
27270
3 =
= 192
141,3
64

6000
= 2 = 2 = 46
64
86
25/46 cm
:
4.5.4

5d<e L <min(6h c ,800 mm)
125mm<460mm<800mm

e T 2,5d=2,525=62,5mm

e 9t f =9600,81=437,4 mm
87
4.5.5

vL,Ed =
27270
= 909 KN/m
30
cp ,eff =

VcRd
550 50
25 = 6250 cm2
2
3,5
0,75 Lv fcd 0,75 25 0,85 1,5
=
=
= 1828 KN/m
1,2 + 1,21
1,2 + 1,21
909
VLc ,Ed
=
= 0,50 < 1
1828
Vc.Rd
4.6

O

.
88

71
68
80

50

71
71

80 m
:
= 1 2 3 4 max
1:
1 = 2,55 0,7
L 10
50
= 2,55 0,7
= 2,05
70
70
89
2 :
2 =
Qm1 Nobs 1
Nobs 1
(
)5 = (
)5
No
Q0 No
2 :
, bs=0,5106
No=0,5106 2 =1
3 = (
4=1 ( )
t Ld 1
)5 = 1
100
= 1 2 3 4 =2
25 max =2

.
.

=
, f
KN
8,0
1304 79
=2
= 0,91 2 <
= 7,0 KN/cm2
cm
1,15
2685
90
, f
KN
7,1
1232 90,3
=2
= 3,09 2 <
= 6,17 KN/cm2
cm
1,15
737
KN
5
, f
254 8,41
=2
= 2,5 2 <
= 4,35 KN/cm2
cm
1,15
196
KN
5
476 15,81
, f
=2
= 3,72 2 <
= 4,35 KN/cm2
cm
1,15
247
4.6.1
90
v1 =1,55 <100 m
v2 =
Nobs 1/8
0,510 6
=1
3 =1,00 100
v4 =1,00
v = = 1 2 3 4 =1,55

=
v Vf c0 za,0 1,55 1 67,4 13750 8,6

=
= 0,70
6 598100 4,9
n I Ad
9
<
= 7,2 KN/cm2
1,25
91
4.7
T
3.
X
15 mm
A n=8
: G=0,10 KN/cm2
M : =119.6 KN/cm2

x = Ky =
Kz =
92
abE
t
abG
nt i
80800,1
81,5
8080119,6
81,5
= 5333 KN/m
= 6378666 KN/m
4.7.1

C

II (A=0.24g)
q
1,5
0,2
c
0,6
TD
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
(sec)
1,76
1,28
0,72
0,63
0,52
0,21
0,19
0,13
0,12
0,11
( CQC)
maxu=161,8 mm
93
sd =
16,18
= 1,34 < 2
8 1,5

max N Ed =1137,8 KN

S=
ab
80 80
=
= 13,33
2(a + b) t i 2(80 + 80) 1,5
r =(a- x )(b- y )=(80-16,7)(80-13,5)=4200,45cm2

M
maxN 1137,8
=
= 0,27 KN/cm2
Ar
4200,45

cd =
1,5 e
1,5 0,27
=
= 0,3
13,33 0,1
SG
:
94
bd = s,d + cd =1,34+0,3=1,64<7/1,15=6,09

e = 0,27
KN
2 a G S 2 80 0,1 13,33
<
=
= 5,92 KN/cm2
2
cm
3 t i
3 8 1,5
4.7.2
4.7.2.1
-

Q= 0,6600+0,19360=522

522
= 130,5
4
x
tanx =
Hx
130,5
=
= 0,20
b G 80 80 0,1
95

x = 13.4 mm
x:
tan = 0,20 +
1,34
= 0,31
8 1,5
4.7.2.2

1
1
vb 2 = 1,25 332 = 0,68 KN/m2
2
2

qb =
qp = 1 + 7 Iv (z) qb = (1 + 7 0,2) 0,68 = 1,632

d o =d+d 1 =3,75+1=4,75 m
b/d =11/5=2,2 o c fx,0 =1,9

w=q p c fx =1,631,9=3,1 /m2
96

d o =d+2=3,75+2=5,75 m
b/d =11/5,75=1,9 c fx,0 =2

w=q p c fx =1,6322=3,2 /m2

:
w=3,25,75=18,4 KN/m
y
u ymax =31 mm
H y :
tany =
3,1
= 0,26
8 1,5
tan = tanx + tany = 0,312 + 0,262 = 0,4
97
5.1.1
(kg/m) (m) (tn)

1208.36
60
2
145.0032
5.1.2
CHS 508x20
CHS 508x16
CHS 406,4x16
CHS 323x16
CHS 406,4x16
CHS 813x30
98
(kg/m) (m) (tn)

241
60
2
28.92
194
6.1
8
9.4672
154
6.1
8
7.5152
121
6.1
8
5.9288
154
3.5
22
11.858
579.3
60
2
69.516
133.2052

.

.

:
,
,
. ,

. ,
.
,

,
.
, ,

,
.
.

.
99
.,
2006
., -
DIN-Fachberichte
2006
., -
1 8
2008
., ., .,
-
2005
1993-1-1: : ,
(2004)
EN 1991-1-2: 1: B
, (2004)
EN 1993-2: 3: 2
EN 1993-1-9: 3:
- 1-9: , (2004)
1994-1-1: 4:
, (2004)
1994-1-2: 4:
, , (2004)
100

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Comparative analysis of structural systems for a composite steel-reinforced concrete bridge

Diploma Thesis 2013/68

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

c,ds (fcm ) = (220 + 110 ads ,1 ) e(a ds ,2 10 )10

c,ds (t, ts) = c,dso (fcm ) RH ds (t t s )

cs (t, t o ) = cs ,as (t) + cds (t, t s )

Gj Gkj + P Pk + Q1 Qk1 + Qi 0 Qki

Gkj + Pk + 1 Qk1 + 1 Qki

Gkj + Pk + Qk1 + 0i Qki

fctk 0,05 fctk 0,95

0,83 w< 1,08

fct ,eff = fcm =

(cmaxf 0,45 cminf )

53605 550 25 0.85

= 120 > 72 = 72 0,81 = 58,32

fyk /3 240 2 35,5

Vb,a,Rd = 0,57 9838 = 5607 KN

A eff =656+802=550 cm2

131,28 = 21,82 KN/cm2

: c = 550 25 = 13750 cm2

C35/45 f cm =43 MPa cm =34000 MPa

1 =0,865, 2 =0,959, 3 =0,9

0,865 0,959 = 1,227

= 1,5 [1 + (0,012 RH)18 ] h0 + 250 a3 = 1,5 [1 + (0,012 80)18 )239,1 +

100 = 6,17 (1 + 0,55 0,99) = 15,81

100 = 6,17 (1 + 1,5 0,99) = 32,46

cd ,0 = 0,85 [(220 + 110 ads1) eads 2 10 ] 106 RH

cd ,0 = 0,85 (220 + 110 4) e0,1210 106 0,75 = 0,00042

cd (t) = ds(t, ts) kh cd,0

cd (100) = 0,4 0,75 0,00042 = 0,00012

Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 1 Loadcase 1 , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm

Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 16 1h fasi skirodetisis , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 3 Loadcase 3 , 1 cm 3D = 20.0 mm

(Min=-14.0) (Max= 2.3315e-04)

Nodal displacement in global Z, nonlinear Loadcase 1007 0.2L+0.2L , 1 cm 3D = 10.0 mm

Nodal displacement in global Z, Loadcase 14 Loadcase 14 , 1 cm 3D = 10.0 mm

+ 2 35,5 65 (30,7 25)

Prd=min (141,3;157)= 141,3 KN

M max,f,E =M perm + max,f = M perm +24624= 29090+9248 KNm

V=(V max,f -V min,f )= 2251,6=503,2 KN

v Vf c0 za,0 1,55 1 251 13750 49,4

r =(a- x )(b- y )=(80-17,7)(80-13,8)=4124,26cm2

qp = ce qb = 2,03 0,68 = 1,38KN/m2

= + = 0,312 + 0,262 = 0,4

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

Sector of system Beam Elements,Spring Elements

4.3.1.1 CHS 813x30

WPl fy 18402 35,5

fyk /3 737 35,5

' CHS 508x16

A fy 0,97 196 35,5

A fy 0,96 307 35,5

Nodal displacement in local z, Loadcase 1 Loadcase 1 , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm

Nodal displacement in local z, Loadcase 17 Skurodetisi prwti fasi , 1 cm 3D = 50.0 mm