Professional Documents
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India's Growth Story
India's Growth Story
Poverty
Poverty lines
o Normative nutritional requirement per person per day at some base
point.
o This is debated
o 2400 cal (rural), 2100 cal (urban)
o Nutrient requirement then needs to be translated to monetary
terms.
Poverty has declined as per NSSO estimates.
However, recent committees like the Tendulkar committee have reviewed
the methodology of measuring poverty and concluded that poverty levels
are much higher than those presented through the NSSO estimates.
Data on poverty reduction <put>
Rural-urban and regional disparity
o Even when poverty has declined there has been a marked disparity
in its reduction in rural and urban areas as well as across different
regions in the country
o --- states have poverty ratio below the national average
o Significant reduction in Andhra, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka,
Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab and WB
o Most poor states of Bihar, MP, Orissa and UP have shown little
progress in poverty reduction
o Over 54 pc of Indias poor lived in these states in 2004-05
o These states have more poor than 26 sub-Saharan African countries
according to the 2010 HDR
o North-western states (P, H, HP, J&K) comprise only 2.2 pc of Indias
poor. Rural urban disparity is minimal
o More than half of Indias urban poor live in the states of
Maharashtra, MP, UP and TN
o There is no evidence for convergence in the incidence of poverty
across the states of India
o Coeffcient of variation (CV) of poverty reveals widening inter-state
inequalities in poverty reduction. Between 1993-94 and 2004-2005
CV increased from 36 to 54.
Non-income dimensions of poverty
o NFHS-3 and District level Household Survey on Reproductive Health
46 pc children under 3 and 49 pc children under 6
malnourished
79 pc children anaemic
59 pc deliveries did not take place in institutional agencies
32 pc have no electricity, 55 no toilet
o Multidimensional Poverty Index
Economic Growth and Poverty
India-China comparision
Parameter
LE
IMR
U-5 MR
Literacy
Mean years of schooling
India
64.4
50
66
65
4.4
China
73.5
17
19
94
7.5