FjZhi^dcd[i]ZLZZ`

=dlXVc[Vb^a^Vgi]^c\h
]Zaejhl^i]X]Vc\Zh4

by John Lechner

6[VWaZ^hVhidgni]ViiZVX]ZhVaZhhdc#
CdlgZVYid[^cYdjil]ViaZhhdci]Z
[gd\aZVgch#

'-

DcXZi]ZgZlVhV[gd\l]da^kZY
jcYZgVgdX`Wn]^bhZa[#
:kZgnYVn]ZY^Yi]ZhVbZi]^c\#

=Z_jbeZYdcidVad\idZc_dni]Zhjc#
I]Zc]ZhlVbWVX`id]^h]daZjcYZg
i]ZW^\gdX`#
>ilVhVh^beaZa^[Z!Wji]Za^`ZY^i
WZXVjhZ^ilVhValVnhi]ZhVbZ#

I]^hhidgn^hVWdjiV
[gd\#L]ViYdndj
`cdlVWdji[gd\h4
7VX`\gdjcY
@cdlaZY\Z

(%

=ZhlVb^cidi]ZedcYid
ZViWgZV`[Vhi#

LZgZndjXdc[jhZY
L]ViYdZh^ibZVc
^[;ZgcVcYdhh`^c
VWdji]dli]Z[gd\
iVhiZhhVain4=dl
[ZZah4L]ViXVc
YdZhi]^h]ZaebZ
ndjYd4NdjXVc
jcYZghiVcYi]ZhZi"
gZgZVYidXaVg^[n#
Bdc^idgVcY
i^c\4 >c[ZgZcX^c\
8aVg^[n

(&

I]ZcdcZYVn!i]^c\hhiVgiZYid
X]Vc\Z####
6[Vb^and[diiZghbdkZY^cidi]Z
edcYVcYhiVgiZYheaVh]^c\VgdjcY#
=Zn!hV^Yi]Z[gd\!>Ydcia^`Z
i]dhZdiiZghheaVh]^c\^cbnedcY#

=dlYdndj[ZZa
l]Zcdi]Zgh\Zi^c
ndjgi]^c\h4=dl
YdZhi]Z[gd\[ZZa
VWdjii]ZdiiZgh4
9dndj[ZZai]Z
hVbZlVn4 
7VX`\gdjcY
@cdlaZY\Z

6cYdcZYVn!a^\]ic^c\higjX`
i]ZiVaaZhie^cZigZZ!l]^X]XgVh]ZY
^cidi]ZlViZg!he^aa^c\e^cZcZZYaZh
ZkZgnl]ZgZ#
6dX`d[WajZ_VnhbdkZY^cidi]Z
igZZhdkZg]ZVY!VcYi]ZnhfjVl`ZY6AA
i]Zi^bZ#
=Zn!>Ydcia^`Zi]dhZW^gYhbV`^c\
cd^hZ!i]Z[gd\hV^Y#

('

=Zn!>Ydcia^`Zi]ViigZZ^cbn
edcYhV^Yi]Z[gd\#
7jii]ZgZlVhcdi]^c\]ZXdjaYYd
VWdji^i#
I]Z[gd\XgVlaZY^cidi]ZWVX`d[
]^h]daZVcYhiVnZYi]ZgZ#

((

=Z]ZVgYVkd^XZWZ]^cY]^b#
L]nVgZndjhdhVY4>ilVhV
hbVaaXViZge^aaVg#

I]ZcdcZbdgc^c\!hdbZi]^c\jiiZgan
jcZmeZXiZY]VeeZcZY####

>bhVYWZXVjhZZkZgni]^c\^h
X]Vc\^c\!hV^Yi]Z[gd\#
>b\aVYi]^c\hX]Vc\Z!i]Z
XViZge^aaVggZea^ZY#HdbZYVn>]deZid
X]Vc\Z^cidVWjiiZgn#IgZZh
X]Vc\Z###dlZghX]Vc\Z###ZkZc
bdjciV^chVcYb^\]ing^kZgh#
I]Z[gd\_jhiijgcZYWVX`idlVgYi]Z
lVaa]ZlVciZYidXgn#
I]ZXViZge^aaVgaZ[i!Wjii]Z
[gd\hiVnZY^c]^h]daZ#
L]ViYdndj`cdl
VWdjiXViZge^aaVgh
VcYWjiiZg^Zh4
=dlYdZhi]^h]Zae
ndjjcYZghiVcYi]Z
XViZge^aaVg^ci]Z
hidgn4 
7VX`\gdjcY
@cdlaZY\Z

I]ZgdX`dkZgi]Z[gd\h]daZlVh
a^[iZY^cidi]ZV^g#

()

Idi]Zeddg[gd\hWZl^aYZgbZci!V
_VgXVbZYdlcdcided[]^b###VcY
]ZlVhl]^h`ZYVlVn^ci]Z]VcYhd[
Vndjc\Wdn#

(*

CZZYaZhhidhVn!cdi]^c\a^`Zi]^h]VY
ZkZg]VeeZcZYidi]Z[gd\WZ[dgZ#
I]ZiZgg^ZY[gd\lVh_dhiaZYVcY
WjbeZYdci]ZWdnhW^`Z#
I]ZnigVkZaZYVadc\i^bZ!l]Zc
hjYYZcani]ZW^`Z]^iVgdX`####

6gZndjXdc[jhZY
VWdjiVcni]^c\4
L]ViXVcndjYdid
XaVg^[n4 Bdc^idg
VcY8aVg^[n

I]Z_VglZcin^c\!VcYi]Z[gd\
[ZaaWZ]^cYhdbZiVaalZZYh#=ZhVi
kZgnhi^aajci^a^ilVhhV[Z#

(+

L]Zci]Z[gd\cVaanXgZeidji!
]Z[djcY]^bhZa[^cVhigVc\ZVcY
jc[Vb^a^VgeaVXZ#=ZlVhadhi#

=dlldjaYndj[ZZa
^[ndjlZgZVlVn
[gdb]dbZ4=dl
YdZhi]Z[gd\[ZZa4
7VX`\gdjcY
@cdlaZY\Z

(,

I]Z[gd\lVcYZgZYjci^a^i\di
YVg`!i]Zcidd`h]ZaiZg[dgi]Zc^\]i
^cV]daadligZZ#

I]ZcdcZV[iZgcddc!l]Zc]Z]VY
_jhiVWdji\^kZcjeVaa]deZd[cY^c\
]^h]dbZ!]Z]ZVgYVcd^hZ[gdb[Vg
VlVnV[Vb^a^Vgcd^hZ#
=ZgVXZYi]gdj\]i]Z[dgZhiidlVgY
i]ZhdjcY#

I]Z[gd\]ZVghV
[Vb^a^Vgcd^hZ#
L]Vi`^cYd[cd^hZ
ldjaYWZ[Vb^a^Vgid
]^b4L]ViXVcndj
YdidXaVg^[n4Ndj
XVcadd`WVX`id
cYdji# 
Bdc^idgVcY
8aVg^[n

(-

I]ZcZmibdgc^c\]Z`Zeidc
]dee^c\!Wji_jhihZZbZYid\ZibdgZ
adhi#LZZ`hlZciWn!VcYi]Z[gd\
ZcXdjciZgZYbVcnYVc\Zgh###VcY
bVcnldcYZgh#

(.

6h]Z\diXadhZg!]Z]ZVgYheaVh]^c\#
;^cVaan!]ZZbZg\ZY^cidV
XaZVg^c\###VcYhVlVWZVji^[jaedcY#
=>HedcY#

IgjZ!]^hdaYgdX`]VYWZZcidgc
VlVn!Wji]Z[djcYVeZg[ZXihedi
idY^\Vcdi]Zg]daZ!l^i]VcZkZc
WZiiZgk^Zl#
=ZlVhhd]VeenidhZZi]Z
WajZ_VnhVee^c\dkZg]ZVY#
L]n^hi]Z[gd\
]Veenid]ZVgi]Z
hdjcYhi]VidcXZ
Wdi]ZgZY]^b4 
>c[Zgg^c\

)%

=ZlVhhd]VeenidhZZi]Z
diiZghheaVh]^c\^ci]ZlViZg#
=ZlVhZkZc]VeenidhZZ
i]Z[VaaZcigZZ!g^\]il]ZgZ]ZY
aZ[i^i]Z`cZl]ZlVh]dbZ#

6[iZgi]ViYVn!i]Z[gd\Y^Ycib^cY
hdbjX]l]Zci]^c\hX]Vc\ZY]Z
XdjaY]VcYaZVcni]^c\#

L]Vi]VeeZch^c
i]^hhidgn4L]n
YdZhi]Z[gd\
X]Vc\Z]^h^YZVh
VWdjiX]Vc\Z4 
HjbbVg^oZ

=ZZkZcig^ZYhdbZi]^c\cZldcXZ
^cVl]^aZ#
6cYi]^c\hlZgZcZkZgi]ZhVbZ
V\V^c#

)&