Reflection On Development: Grassroots Approaches and Alternatives Politics in The Third World by Arturo Escobar

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Reflection on

Development
Grassroots Approaches
and Alternatives Politics in
the Third World
By Arturo Escobar

MAIN IDEA
an optimistic perspective toward grassroots
movements as a solution for the failure of
development
OBJECTIVE
Radical critique to the discourse of
development (through Foucault)
Redefine representation: local knowledge
and culture (ethnographic)
Defense of pluralistic grassroots
(transformation from above)

ABOUT THE AUTHOR


Colombian anthropologist (University
professor in the US)
(After

this article)1995 book Encountering


Development: The Making and Unmaking
of the Third World

1996

Best Book Prize of the New England


Council of Latin American Studies

CONTEXT
Beginning of 90s After cold war, and crisis of the
80s, the dynamic was not the confrontation
between Capitalism Vs Communism
Searching for New perspectives, critique to
neoliberalism dev
Undeveloped world was following the recipe for 40
years
Inequality, guerrillas, famine, Drug cartels,
corruption, new independent countries, ethnic
conflict
Public disapproval of peacekeeping and
intervention (panama, Persian Gulf war n Somalia)

ARGUMENTS
Analysis

Development discourse
Domination and submission
Assessment

of critique made by scholars,


emphasize the role of grassroots movement

Grassroots

movement as determinant
factor to dismantle the Development
discourse

MY CRITIQUE
structure
It was a well-organized article with a
strong theoretical support
The author uses different disciplines.
Its a qualitative research, that approach
to a social and political reality by an
extensive revision of theories
deconstruction Based on his finding the author propose a
new perspective

Development

Vs Grassroots M.
Linked to Dependency Theory
The author doesnt talk about those third
world countries that were improving
economically
Grassroots movement is able to break with
the dependency relations between
developed n undeveloped?
Clearly Todays reality allows us to see it
Positive: Rethink development, each country
should be autonomous
Grassroots = expression of a plural society

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