MIE364H1S

Methods of Quality Control and Improvement

Course Instructor: Prof. V. Makis
Handout #8

Quarter Fraction of a 2**5 Design

Example
An engineer is interested in improving the efficiency of a deburring operation. The
deburring machine uses wire brushes for material removal. 5 factors are considered as
affecting the rate of material removal.
Factor
A = Penetration depth
B = Brush width
C = Number of filaments
D = Filament length
E = Filament diameter

Low Level
0.12 in
1.5 in
20000
1 in
0.010 in

High Level
0.17 in
2.0 in
25000
2 in
0.015 in

The response variable is the rate of material removal in cubic inches times 10**(-7) per
revolution.
Fractional Factorial Design
Factors:
Runs:
Blocks:

5
8
1

Base Design:
Replicates:
Center pts (total):

3, 8
1
0

Resolution:
Fraction:

III
1/4

* NOTE * Some main effects are confounded with two-way interactions.

Design Generators: D = AB, E = AC

Alias Structure (up to order 3)

I + ABD + ACE
A + BD + CE + ABCDE
B + AD + CDE + ABCE
C + AE + BDE + ABCD
D + AB + BCE + ACDE
E + AC + BCD + ABDE
BC + DE + ABE + ACD
BE + CD + ABC + ADE
BCDE

Data Display
Row
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

A
-1
1
-1
1
-1
1
-1
1

B
-1
-1
1
1
-1
-1
1
1

C
-1
-1
-1
-1
1
1
1
1

D
1
-1
-1
1
1
-1
-1
1

E
1
-1
1
-1
-1
1
-1
1

Y
123
150
115
105
163
114
126
76

Alias Information for Terms in the Model.

Totally confounded terms were removed from the analysis.
I + B*C*D*E

Fractional Factorial fit

Estimated Effects and Coefficients for Y (coded units)
Term
Constant
A
B
C
D
E
B*C
B*E

Effects
-20.5
-32
-3.5
-9.5
-29
-5.5
9

Coef
121.5
-10.25
-16
-1.75
-4.75
-14.5
-2.75
4.5

Analysis of Variance for Y (coded units)

Source
Main Effects
2-Way
Interactions
Residual Error
Total

DF
5

Seq SS
4775.5

Adj SS
4775.5

Adj MS
955.1

F
*

P
*

2
0
7

222.5
0
4998

222.5
0

111.3
0

Alias Structure
I +
A +
B +
C +
D +
E +
B*C
B*E

A*B*D
B*D +
A*D +
A*E +
A*B +
A*C +
+ D*E
+ C*D

+ A*C*E + B*C*D*E
C*E + A*B*C*D*E
C*D*E + A*B*C*E
B*D*E + A*B*C*D
B*C*E + A*C*D*E
B*C*D + A*B*D*E
+ A*B*E + A*C*D
+ A*B*C + A*D*E

The design matrix:

B
+
+
+
+

C
+
+
+
+

D=AB
+
+
+
+

E=AC
+
+
+
+

Y
123
150
115
105
163
114
126
76

(i)
273
220
277
202
27
-10
-49
-50

(ii)
493
479
17
-99
-53
-75
-37
-1

(iii)
972
-82
-128
-38
-14
-116
-22
36

TCSS = 4998 = SS(A) + + SS(ABC)

TSS = 123096
Normal Probability Plot of the Effects
(response is Y, Alpha = .50)
99

Effect Ty pe
Not Significant
Significant

95
90

F actor
A
B
C

80

Percent

(1)
a
b
ab
c
ac
bc
abc

A
+
+
+
+

70
60
50
40

30

AC

20
10

5
1

-40

-30

-20

-10

0
Effect

10

20

30

40

Lenth's PSE = 14.25

From the attached plot, the following effects appear to be significant:

)
+ CE + ABCDE
A F = ( A + BD
+ ABCE + CDE
)
B = ( B + AD
F

+ BCD + E + ABDE
)
AC F = ( AC

Conclusion: (if interactions are not significant)

To maximize the rate of material removal: set A low, B low, and E low.

N ame
A
B
C

effect
121.5
-20.5
-32
-9.5
-3.5
-29
-5.5
9

SS
11809
840.5
2048
180.5
24.5
1682
60.5
162