Tutorial Boost PFC

BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
SmartCtrlTutorial
PowersimInc.
www.powersimtech.com
SmartCtrl1isageneralpurposecontrollerdesignsoftwarespecificallyforpowerelectronicsapplications.
Thistutorialisintendedtoguideyou,stepbystep,todesignthecontrolloopsofaPFC(powerfactor
correction)boostconverterwiththeSmartCtrlSoftware.
TheexampleusedinthistutorialisthePFCboostconvertercircuitthatcomeswiththePSIMexample
set(thePSIMfileisUC3854_PFC.schunderthefolderexamples\PWMIC).ThePSIMschematicis
shownbelow:
Lm
Iin
Lf
15
300u
Vin
1mH
A
324Vpk
50Hz
Vo
Do
Cf
1u
Rcs
0.25
Rpk2
1.8k
Rmo
3.9k
R1
30k
Co
450uF
Rci
10k
Rload
592
V
v_io
Rs
Cpk
100pF
Rpk1
10k
Rcz
6.66432K
100
V Vcc
Ccz
1.59211n
Currentregulator
RVAC
620k
RB1
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
CT 1.2n
Css 1n
10k
RFF1
910k
RFF2
Vvea
91k
RFF3
20k
C1
100u
Rset
150k
CFF1
0.1uF
C2
1u
UC3854
CFF2
0.47uF
RVF
CVF
14.2082K
356.753n
Voltageregulator
RENA
22k
10k
RVI
26.1667K
RVD
0.5k
C3
1uF
Thecircuitincludestheinnercurrentloopandtheoutervoltageloop.Thecurrentloopregulator
parametersaretheresistanceRczandthecapacitanceCcz,andthevoltageregulatorparametersare
theresistanceRVFandthecapacitanceCVF,highlightedinthereddottedboxesabove.
Letsassumethatthesevaluesareunknown.Theobjectiveistodesignthecurrent/voltageregulators
usingtheSmartCtrlsoftware.Thedesignprocedureisdescribedbelow.
Tobeginthedesignprocess,inSmartCtrl,clickontheicon,orfromtheDatamenu,select
Predefinedtopologies>AC/DCconverters>PFCBoostconverter.
Thedialogwindowwillappearasfollows.
SmartCtrliscopyrightin2010byCarlosIIIUniversityofMadrid,GSEPPowerElectronicsSystemsGroup,Spain
PowersimInc.
ThePFCboostconverteriscontrolledbyadoubleloopcontrolscheme.Theinnerloopisacurrentloop,
and the outer loop is a voltage loop. Note that the PFC boost converter design must be carried out
sequentially.TheSmartCtrlprogramwillguideyouthroughthisprocess.
InnerLoopDesign
1. Definetheconverter
SelecttheplantasBoost(LCS_VMC)PFCforboostPFCconverterwiththecurrentloopandthe
voltageloop.Completetheparametersinthecorrespondinginputdatawindow.Notethattheinput
voltageisthepeakvalue.Whenfinished,clickOKtocontinue.
2. Selectthecurrentsensor
Selectthecurrentsensoramongtheavailabletypes.Inthisexample,selectCurrentsensor,andset
thegainto0.25basedonthecircuit(thisvalueisequivalenttothesenseresistorvalue).
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3. Selectthecurrentregulator
Fromtheinnerloopregulatordropdownmenu,selectPIasthecurrentregulatortype.
4. Selectthecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemargin
SmartCtrlprovidesaguidelineandaneasywayofselectingthecrossoverfrequencyandthephase
marginthroughtheSolutionMap.ClickontheSetbutton,andtheSolutionMapwillbeshownas
below.
IntheSolutionMap,eachpointwithinthewhiteareacorrespondstoacombinationofthecrossover
frequencyandthephasemarginthatleadstoastablesolution.Inaddition,whenapointisselected,
theattenuationgivenbythesensorandtheregulatorattheswitchingfrequencyisprovided.
Tocarryouttheselection,leftclickapointwithinthewhitearea,orenterthecrossoverfrequency
andthephasemarginmanually.
PowersimInc.
Oncethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemarginareselected,theSolutionMapwillbeshown
ontherightsideoftheconverterinputwindow.If,atanytime,oneneedstochangethecrossover
frequencyorthephasemargin,clickonthewhiteareaoftheSolutionMap,asshowninthefigure
below.
Once the inner loop design is completed, one can move on to the outer loop design.
PowersimInc.
OuterLoopDesign
The procedure of designing the outer loop is similar to that of the inner loop design. It includes the
following:
1. Selectthevoltagesensor
When using a voltage divider, one must enter the reference voltage, and the program will
automaticallycalculatethesensorgain.Inthisexample,thereferencevoltageis7.5V.Thesensor
inputdatawindowisshownbelow.
Reference voltage
ThenpressonCalculateVref/VofromVrefbuttontosettheattenuationofthevoltagedivider.
PowersimInc.
2. Selecttheouterloopregulator
Inthisexample,selectPIastheregulatortype,andentertheregulatorparametersasbelow.
3. Determinethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemargin
Similar to the inner loop design, the crossover frequency and the phase margin of the outer loop
mustbeselected.ASolutionMapisalsoprovidedtohelpselectastablesolution.PresstheSolution
map(outerloop)buttonandthesolutionmapwillappear.
PowersimInc.
Thenselectapointbyclickingwithinthewhitearea,andclickOKtocontinue.
Oncethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemarginareselected,theSolutionMapwillappearon
the right side of the converter input window. If, at any time, these two parameters need to be
changed,clickinthewhiteareaoftheSolutionMap,asshowninthefigurebelow.
PowersimInc.
Accept the selected design by clicking on OK. The program will automatically show the control
systemperformancebymeansoftheBodeplots,theNyquistplot,phasemargin,etc.
SmartCtrlprovidestheregulatorcomponentvaluesneededtoimplementtheregulators,aswellas
the voltage divider resistors. Since there are two control loops, one must select which one to
display.
Display innerloop
Displayouterloop
Displayouterloop
solutionsmap
Displayinnerloop
solutionsmap
Atthispoint,thecontrolloopdesignoftheconverterwillbecompleted.Wewillvalidatethedesign
bymeansoftimedomainsimulation.
9
PowersimInc.
DesignVerificationthroughSimulation
InordertovalidatethedesignfromSmartCtrl,timedomainsimulationiscarriedoutinPSIM.
Wewillcomparetheperformanceoftheconverterwithtwodifferentdesigns.
Design#1
Innerloop:
fcross=3kHz
PhaseMargin=45
Outerloop:
fcross=30Hz
Design#2
Innerloop:
fcross=15kHz
PhaseMargin=45
Outputvoltage
Outerloop:
fcross=30Hz
Outputvoltage
Inputvoltage
Inputvoltage
Inputcurrent*50
Inputcurrent*50
ItcanbeobservedthatDesign#2showsamuchlesswaveformdistortionthatDesign#1,andthatthe
waveformdistortioncanbegreatlyreducedbyincreasingthecrossoverfrequencyoftheinnerloop.
ThisexampleillustratesthatSmartCtrlincombinationwithPSIMprovideafastandpowerfulplatform
forthedesignandvalidationofconvertercontrolforpowerfactorcorrectionapplications.
10
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