Table 1

Pre and Posttest Means

MCLASS Text Reading and Comprehension (TRC)
Mean
Intervention
1.10
Comparison
0.75
The Snowy Day Common Formative Assessment (CFA)
Mean
Intervention
4
Comparison
1.66
Note: Intervention N=19; Comparison N=20

SD
0.56
0.44
SD
1.67
1.36

Intervention Group
Comparison Group

Figure 3. Bar graph of the pre/posttests for the MCLASS Text Reading and
Comprehension (TRC) and The Snowy Day Common Formative Assessment (CFA). This
figure shows the difference in means (Mean) and standard deviation (SD) results from the
pre and posttests for the MCLASS Text Reading and Comprehension (TRC) and The
Snowy Day Common Formative Assessment (CFA); the data is presented in Table 1.
Table 2
Independent t-Test on Reading Comprehension Achievement on Pre/ Posttest MCLASS Text
Reading & Comprehension (TRC) and The Snowy Day Common Formative Assessment (CFA)
Assessment
Mean
SE
tdf
two-tailed
Effect

MCLASS Text Reading and

Difference
0.35

Comprehension (TRC)
The Snowy Day Common

2.33

0.16

value
2.18

0.88

2.64

37

p
0.03

size
0.79

10

0.02

1.70

Formative Assessment (CFA)

Note: p<.05 = gains are attributable to the intervention and are not just chance

MCLASS Pre/Posttest
The Snowy Day
Pre/Posttest

Figure 4. Bar graph of the Independent t-Test on Reading Comprehension Achievement

on Pre and Posttest MCLASS Text Reading & Comprehension (TRC) and The Snowy
Day Common Formative Assessment (CFA). This figure shows the results for the Mean
Difference, Standard Error (SE), t-value, two-tailed p, and the Effect Size for the
intervention and comparison groups; the data is presented in Table 2.