Gavin Preller

Enriched Biology, period 3

September 21, 2014

Extended Homework

1. 2
2. 2
3. 3
4. 3
6. 3
7. 1
8. 2
9. 2
11. 4
22. The lock and key analogy is a good way for explaining how enzymes work because
similar to keys, enzymes are very specific. Enzymes specifically react with only one or
possibly more compounds and keys only work with specific locks.
26. Carbohydrates are compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
Carbohydrates provide energy to living things and plants and animals use carbohydrates
for structural purposes. Nucleic acids are macromolecules, which have oxygen, nitrogen,
carbon, and phosphorus, Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary or genetic
information. Proteins are macromolecules, which have nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen. Proteins regulate the rate of reactions and control cell processes. Also, some
proteins form bones and muscles and others transport substances into or out of cells.
28. Acids and bases are different as acids donate protons while bases accept protons. This
causes acids to have a pH of below 7, and bases to have a pH of above 7.
29. To regulate chemical reactions, transport substances in and out of cells, and to help
form bones and muscles.
31. If the temperature or pH increased on figure 2-21, the enzyme activity would increase
causing for the rate of reaction to increase also. This would cause for the substrates to
bind to the enzyme faster, the substrates to be converted to products faster, and the
products to be released faster.