CM BIN NHIT DS18B20

A. TNG QUAN CM BIN NHIT DS18B20.

I GII THIU V DS18B20.
DS18B20 l nhit k s c phn gii 9-12 bit giao tip vi b iu khin
trung tm thng qua 1 dy duy nht ( 1 wire communication ). Nu cu hnh
cho DS18B20 theo 9,10,11,12 bit th ta c chnh xc tng ng l : 0.5C
, 0.25C ,0.125C, 0.0625C.( Theo mc nh ca nh sn xut nu chng ta
khng cu hnh ch chuyn i th n s t cu hnh l 12 bit).
DS18B20 hot ng vi in p t 3V-5,5V ,c th c cp ngun thng
qua chn DQ- chn trao i d liu.
DS18B20 c th o c nhit trong tm -55 1250C vi chnh xc
(+ - 0,50C).Mi DS18B20 c mt serial code 64 bit duy nht,iu ny cho
php kt ni nhiu IC trn cng ng Bus.
Chun 1 wire c c im sau:
-

Ch c 1 master trong h thng.

Ga thnh thp.
Tc t ti a l16kbps.
Khong cch truyn xa nht l 300m.
Lng thng tin trao i nh.

II S CHN.

B - CC THANH GHI D LIU.

Mi IC DS18B20 c mt m 64 bit ring bit gm : 8 bit Family code,8 bit
serial code v 8 bit CRC code c lu trong ROM.Cc gi tr ny gip
phn bit cc IC vi nhau trn cng 1 bus.Ga tr Family code ca DS18B20
l 28H v gi tr CRC l kt qu ca qu trnh kim tra 56 bit trc .

T chc b nh Scratchpad:
B nh DS18B20 gm 9 thanh ghi 8 bits

Bng t chc b nh DS18B20

-

Byte 0 v 1 lu gi tr nhit chuyn i.

Byte 2 v 3 lu gi tr ngng nhit .Ga tr ny c lu khi mt in.
Byte 4 la thanh ghi cu hnh cho hot ng ca DS18B20.
Byte 5,6 v 7 khng s dng.
Byte 8 l thanh ghi ch c lu gi tr CRC t byte 0 n 7.
D liu trong byte 2,3,4 c ghi thng qua lnh Write Scratchpad[4Eh]
v d liu c chuyn n DS18B20 v bit LSB ca byte 2,sau khi ghi
d liu c th c c thng qua lnh Read Scratchpad[BEh],v khi
c Scratchpad th bit LSB ca byte 0 s c gi i trc tt c cc byte
u c c,nhng ch ghi c byte. chuyn gi tr TH v TL vo
EEPROM th cn gi lnh copy Scratchpat [48] n DS1820. V d liu

t EEPROM cng c chuyn vo thanh ghi TH,TL thng qua lnh

Recall E2 [B8h].
C TRAO I D LIU VI VI IU KHIN.
Trao i d liu gia vi iu khin v DS18B20 thng qua 3 bc sau:
I Khi to.
Qa trnh khi to gm 1 xung reset do vi iu khin master gi n slave
DS18B20,sau xung presence t DS18B20 gi n vi iu khin, ch ra
s hin din ca vi iu khin v DS18B20 v qu trnh trao i d liu c
th bt u.
II Lnh iu khin ROM.
Cc lnh ny lm vic vi 64bits serial code ROM,lnh ny c pht ra
trong qu trnh khi to.Lnh cho php vi iu khin bit c bao nhiu thit
b v thit b loi g trn bus.
III - Cc lnh ca DS18B20:
- READ ROM (33h)
Cho php c ra 8 byte m khc bng laser trn ROM, bao gm: 8 bit m
nh tn linh kin (10h), 48 bit s xut xng, 8 bit kim tra CRC. Lnh ny
ch dng khi trn bus c 1 cm bin DS1820, nu khng s xy ra xung t
trn bus do tt c cc thit b t cng p ng.
- MATCH ROM (55h)
Lnh ny c gi i cng vi 64 bit ROM tip theo, cho php b iu
khin bus chn ra ch mt cm bin DS1820 c th khi trn bus c nhiu
cm bin DS1820 cng ni vo. Ch c DS1820 no c 64 bit trn ROM
trung khp vi chui 64 bit va c gi ti mi p ng li cc lnh v b
nh tip theo. Cn cc cm bin DS1820 c 64 bit ROM khng trng khp
s tip tc ch mt xung reset. Lnh ny c s dng c trong trng hp
c mt cm bin mt dy, c trong trng hp c nhiu cm bin mt dy.
- SKIP ROM (CCh)

Lnh ny cho php thit b iu khin truy nhp thng n cc lnh b nh

ca DS1820 m khng cn gi chui m 64 bit ROM. Nh vy s tit kim
c thi gian ch i nhng ch mang hiu qu khi trn b ch c mt cm
bin.
- SEARCH ROM (F0h)
Lnh ny cho php b iu khin bus c th d tm c s lng thnh
vin t ang c u vo bus v cc gi tr c th trong 64 bit ROM ca
chng bng mt chu trnh d tm.
- ALARM SEARCH (ECh)
Tin trnh ca lnh ny ging ht nh lnh Search ROM, nhng cm bin
DS1820 ch p ng lnh ny khi xut hin iu kin cnh bo trong php
o nhit cui cng. iu kin cnh bo y c nh ngha l gi tr
nhit o c ln hn gi tr TH v nh hn gi tr TL l hai gi tr nhit
cao nht v nhit thp nht c t trn thanh ghi trong b nh
ca cm bin.
Sau khi thit b ch (thng l mt vi iu khin) s dng cc lnh ROM
nh a ch cho cc cm bin mt dy ang c u vo bus, thit b ch
s a ra cc lnh chc nng DS1820. Bng cc lnh chc nng thit b ch
c th c ra v ghi vo b nh nhp (scratchpath) ca cm bin DS1820.
khi to qu trnh chuyn i gi tr nhit o c v xc nh ch
cung cp in p ngun. Cc lnh chc nng c th c m t ngn gn
nh sau:
- WRITE SCRATCHPAD (4Eh)
Lnh ny cho php ghi 2 byte d liu vo b nh nhp ca DS1820. Byte
u tin c ghi vo thanh ghi TH (byte 2 ca b nh nhp) cn byte th
hai c ghi vo thanh ghi TL (byte 3 ca b nh nhp). D liu truyn theo
trnh t u tin l bit c ngha nht v k tip l nhng bit c ngha
gim dn. C hai byte ny phi c ghi trc khi thit b ch xut ra mt
xung reset hoc khi c d liu khc xut hin.
- READ SCRATCHPAD (BEh)
Lnh ny cho php thit b ch c ni dung b nh nhp. Qu trnh c bt
u t bit c ngha nhy ca byte 0 v tip tc cho n byte rh 9 (byte 8

CRC). Thit b ch c th xut ra mt xung reset lm dng qu trnh c

bt k lc no nu nh ch c mt phn ca d liu trn b nh nhp cn
c c.
- COPYSCRATCHPAD (48h)
Lnh ny copy ni dung ca hai thanh ghi TH v TL (byte 2 v byte 3) vo
b nh EEPROM. Nu cm bin c s dng trong ch d cp ngun l bt
u vic o.
- CONVERT T (44h)
Lnh ny khi ng mt qu trnh o v chuyn i gi tr nhit thnh
s (nh phn). Sau khi chuyn i gi tr kt qu o nhit c lu tr
trn thanh ghi nhit 2 byte trong b nh nhp Thi gian chuyn i
khng qu 200 ms, trong thi gian ang chuyn i nu thc hin lnh
c th cc gi tr c ra u bng 0.
- READ POWER SUPPLY (B4h)
Mt lnh c tip sau lnh ny s cho bit DS1820 ang s dng ch
cp ngun nh th no, gi tr c c bng 0 nu cp ngun bng
chnh ng dn d liu v bng 1 nu cp ngun qua mt ng dn
ring.
D- CH CP NGUN CHO DS18B20.
DS18B20 c th c h tr bi mt ngun cung cp bn ngoi trn chn
Vdd ,hoc n c th hot ng ch ngun k sinh cho php DS18B20
khng cn ngun cung cp bn ngoi,Ngun k sinh rt hu ch cho cc
ch o cm ng t xa hoc c khng gian o cht hp.Hnh 1 cho thy
mch kim sot ngun k sinh ca DS18B20 khi n ly ngun qua chn
DQ t bus1-Wire mc cao.Vic ly in cho DS18B20 c thc hin
trong khi cc bus mc cao, v ng thi in s c lu gi cc t
k sinh(CPP) cung cp in khi bus mc thp.khi DS18B20 s dng
trong ch ngun k sinh th cc chn Vdd phi c ni mass.

Hnh 1 : Cung cp ngun k sinh cho DS18B20.

Cc DS18B20 c th c h tr bi mt ngun bn.u im ca phng
php ny l khng cn dung MOSFET pullup, v bus 1-Wire c th thc
hin hot ng khc trong thi gian chuyn i nhit .

Hnh 2: Cp ngun bn ngoi cho DS18B20.

Khng nn s dng ngun k sinh cho khi nhit 1000C v DS18B20 c
th khng th duy tr thng tin lien lc do dng r r cao.i vi cc ng
dng o nhit cao thi DS18B20 nn s dng ngun cung cp bn ngoi.
Trong 1 s trng hp bus ch phi xc nh xem liu cc DS18B20 s
dng ngun k sinh hay ngun bn ngoi vi iu khin ra lnh cho cc
pullup bus mnh c c s dng trong qu trnh chuyn i nhit hay
khng. c c thng tin ny,vi iu khin c th ra lnh Skip ROM
[CCH],tip theo l Read Power Supply [lnh B4h] theo sau l read time
slot .Trong read time slot,ngun k sinh ca DS18B20 s c h tr
ko bus thp,v ngun DS18B20 bn ngoi cung cp cho php bus cao.Nu

bus c ko thp,vi iu khin bit rng n phi cung cp cc pullup mnh

trn bus 1- Wire trong thi gian chuyn i nhit .
E CCH C NHIT .
Bn trong DS18B20 s c b chuyn i gi tr nhit sang gi tr s v
c lu trong cc thanh ghi b nh scratchpad. phn gii nhit o
c th c cu hnh ch 9 bits,10 bits,11 bits,12 bits. r ch mc
nh th DS18B20 hot ng phn gii 12bits.
bt u qu trnh c nhit ,v chuyn i t gi tr tng t sang gi
tr s th vi iu khin gi lnh Convert T [44h],sau khi chuyn i xong th
gi tr nhit s c lu trong 2 thanh ghi nhit b nh scratchpad
v IC tr v trang thi ngh.

M nh phn v lc phn tng ng nhit

Nhit sau khi c lu trong 2 thanh ghi b nh s c so snh vi 2
thanh ghi ngng nhit TH v TL.Cc gi tr ngng nhit do ngi
dung quy nh, v n s khng thay i khi mt in.
Nh vy ch c phn nguyn ,cc bit 11-4 ca gi tr nhit c so snh
vi thanh ghi ngng.Nu gi tr nhit c v nh hn mc TL hoc ln
hn mc TH th c bo qu nhit s bt ln,v n s thay i mi qu trnh
c nhit .Vi iu khin c th kim tra trng thi qu nhit bng lnh
Alarm Search[ECh]