SUBNET

Problem 1
Host IP address

:172.30.1.33

Subnet Mask

:255.255.255.0

Find
1.Number of Subnets Bits
To find the number of subnet bits,first you need to change the subnet mask number to the
binary number like this:
Subnet Mask number

: 255.255.255.0

Subnet Mask binary number : 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

After that,you must count number 1 in the subnet mask binary number and then you need to
substract with the total number of the binary like this:
Solution:
Total of number 1 in the subnet mask binary number

: 24

Total number of the subnet mask binary

: 32

Substract the number:

32 24 : 8
So, the total number of subnets Bits is 8.
2.Number of Subnets
To find the number of subnets you just multiply the number of subnets bits with 2 like this:
= 28
=2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2
= 256
So the final answer for the number of subnets is 256.
3. Number of host bits per subnet
Number of host bits per subnet is 256.

4. Number of usable hosts bits per subnet.

To find the total number of host bits per subnet, you must use the formula in the IP
address that is Possible Host.
Formula of the Possible Host:
2n - 2
Where n the number of host bits,so to find the number of host bits in this IP address the
solution are like this.
= 2n - 2
= 28 - 2
= 256 - 2
= 254
So,the answer for the number of host bits is 254.
5. Subnet Address for this IP address.
IP Address

172.30.1.33

Subnet Mask

255.255.255.
0
172.30.1.0

Network Address

1010110
0
11111111

00011110

1010110
0

00011110

11111111

0000000
1
11111111
0000000
1

0010000
1
0000000
0
0000000
0

Binary number for IP Address

172
172/2 = 86 / r = 0

r = remainder
30
1
30/2 = 15 / r = 0
1/2= 0 / r = 1
15/2 = 7 / r = 1

86/2 = 43 / r = 0

33
33/2= 16 / r = 1
16/2= 8 / r = 0

7/2 = 3 / r = 1
43/2 = 21 / r = 1

8/2= 4 / r = 0
3/2 = 1 / r = 1

21/2 = 10 / r = 1

4/2= 2 / r = 0
=0/r=1

10/2 = 5 / r = 0

2/2= 1 / r = 0

5/2 = 2 / r = 1

1/2= 0 / r = 1

2/2 = 1 / r = 0
=0/r=1

10101100

00011110

00000001

00100001

6. IP address for first host on this Subnet

The IP address for first host on this subnet is 172.30.1.1
7. IP address for last host on this Subnet
The IP address for last host on this subnet is 172.30.1.254
8. Broadcast Address for this Subnet.
Broadcast address :
See the results of the binary IP address and subnet mask , focus on Subnet , turn all
grades Subnet 1 becomes 0 and 0 becomes 1.Until obtained
00000000.00000000.00001111.11111111 like this:
IP Address

: 172.30.1.33

Binary

: 10101100.00011110.00000001.00100001

Subnet Mask Binary

: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

After that,you must convert the number 1 to 0 and number 0 to 1,so you will get the broad
cast binary.
Broadcast Binary : 00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111
Then,you must convert the number 0 in the network address binary into 1 to become the
network broadcast address binary.
Network broadcast address binary : 10101100.00011110.00000001.11111111
So, the answer is:
Network broadcast address

: 172.30.1.255

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.0.

Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnets
Number Of Host Bits per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

172.30.1.33
255.255.255.0
8
256
256
254
10101100.00011110.00000001.00100001
172.30.1.1
172.30.1.254
172.30.1.255

Problem 2
Host IP address

: 172.30.1.33

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.252

Find
1.Number of Subnets Bits
To find the number of subnet bits,first you need to change the subnet mask number to the
binary number like this:
Subnet Mask number

: 255.255.255.252

Subnet Mask binary number : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100

After that,you must count number 1 in the subnet mask binary number and then you need to
substract with the total number of the binary like this:
Solution:
Total of number 1 in the subnet mask binary number

: 30

Total number of the subnet mask binary

: 32

Substract the number:

32 30 : 2
So, the total number of subnets Bits is 2.
2.Number of Subnets
To find the number of subnets you just multiply the number of subnets bits with 2 like this:
= 22
=2x2
=4
So the answer for the number of subnets is 4.
3. Number of host bits per subnet
Number of host bits per subnet is 4.

4. Number of usable hosts bits per subnet.

To find the total number of host bits per subnet, you must use the formula in the IP
address that is Possible Host.
Formula of the Possible Host:
2n - 2
Where n the number of host bits,so to find the number of host bits in this IP address the
solution are like this.
= 2n - 2
= 22 - 2
=4-2
=2
So,the answer for the number of host bits is 2.
5. Subnet Address for this IP address.
IP Address

172.30.1.33

Subnet Mask

255.255.255.25
2
172.30.1.32

Network Address

1010110
0
11111111

0001111
0
11111111

0000000
1
11111111

0010000
1
11111100

1010110
0

0001111
0

0000000
1

0010000
0

Binary number for IP Address

172
172/2 = 86 / r = 0

r = remainder
30
1
30/2 = 15 / r = 0
1/2= 0 / r = 1
15/2 = 7 / r = 1

86/2 = 43 / r = 0

33
33/2= 16 / r = 1
16/2= 8 / r = 0

7/2 = 3 / r = 1
43/2 = 21 / r = 1

8/2= 4 / r = 0
3/2 = 1 / r = 1

21/2 = 10 / r = 1

4/2= 2 / r = 0
=0/r=1

10/2 = 5 / r = 0

2/2= 1 / r = 0

5/2 = 2 / r = 1

1/2= 0 / r = 1

2/2 = 1 / r = 0
=0/r=1
10101100

00011110

00000001

00100001

6. IP address for first host on this Subnet

The IP address for first host on this subnet is 172.30.1.33
7. IP address for last host on this Subnet
The IP address for last host on this subnet is 172.30.1.34
8. Broadcast Address for this Subnet.
Broadcast address :
See the results of the binary IP address and subnet mask , focus on Subnet , turn all
grades Subnet 1 becomes 0 and 0 becomes 1.Until obtained
00000000.00000000.00001111.11111111 like this:
IP Address

: 172.30.1.33

Binary

: 10101100.00011110.00000001.00100001

Subnet Mask Binary

: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100

After that,you must convert the number 1 to 0 and number 0 to 1,so you will get the broad
cast binary.
Broadcast Binary :00000000.00000000.00000000.00000011
Then,you must convert the number 0 in the network address binary into 1 to become the
network broadcast address binary.
Network broadcast address binary : 10101100.00011110.00000001.00100011
So, the answer is:
Network broadcast address

: 172.30.1.35

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.252

Host IP Address
Subnet Mask

172.30.1.33
255.255.255.252

Number Of Subnet Bits

Number Of Subnets
Number Of Host Bits per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

2
4
4
2
10101100.00011110.00000001.00100001
172.30.1.33
172.30.1.34
172.30.1.35

Problem 3
Host IP address

: 192.192.10.234

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.0

Find
1.Number of Subnets Bits
To find the number of subnet bits,first you need to change the subnet mask number to the
binary number like this:
Subnet Mask number

: 255.255.255.0

Subnet Mask binary number : 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

After that,you must count number 1 in the subnet mask binary number and then you need to
substract with the total number of the binary like this:
Solution:
Total of number 1 in the subnet mask binary number

: 24

Total number of the subnet mask binary

: 32

Substract the number:

32 24 : 8
So, the total number of subnets Bits is 8.
2.Number of Subnets
To find the number of subnets you just multiply the number of subnets bits with 2 like this:
= 28
=2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2

= 256
So the answer for the number of subnets is 256.
3. Number of host bits per subnet
Number of host bits per subnet is 8.

4. Number of usable hosts bits per subnet.

To find the total number of host bits per subnet, you must use the formula in the IP
address that is Possible Host.
Formula of the Possible Host:
2n - 2
Where n the number of host bits,so to find the number of host bits in this IP address the
solution are like this.
= 2n - 2
= 28 - 2
= 256 - 2
= 254
So,the answer for the number of host bits is 254.
5. Subnet Address for this IP address.
IP Address
Subnet Mask

192.192.10.23
4
255.255.255.0

1100000
0
11111111

1100000
0
11111111

0000101
0
11111111

Network Address

192.192.10.0

1100000
0

1100000
0

0000101
0

1110101
0
0000000
0
0000000
0

Binary number for IP Address

192
192/2 = 96 / r = 0

r = remainder
192
10
192/2 = 96 / r = 0
10/2= 5 / r = 0

234
234/2= 117 / r = 0

96/2 = 48 / r = 0

96/2 = 48 / r = 0

5/2= 2 / r = 1

117/2= 58 / r = 1

48/2 = 24 / r = 0

48/2 = 24 / r = 0

2/2= 1 / r = 0

58/2= 29 / r = 0

24/2 = 12 / r = 0

24/2 = 12 / r = 0

1/2= 0 / r = 1

29/2= 14 / r = 1

12/2 = 6 / r = 0

12/2 = 6 / r = 0

14/2= 7 / r = 0

6/2 = 3 / r = 0

6/2 = 3 / r = 0

7/2= 3 / r = 1

3/2 = 1 / r = 1

3/2 = 1 / r = 1

3/2= 1 / r = 1

=0/r=1

=0/r=1

1/2= 0 / r = 1

11000000

11000000

00001010

11101010

6. IP address for first host on this Subnet

The IP address for first host on this subnet is 192.192.10.1
7. IP address for last host on this Subnet
The IP address for last host on this subnet is 192.192.10.254
8. Broadcast Address for this Subnet.
Broadcast address :
See the results of the binary IP address and subnet mask , focus on Subnet , turn all
grades Subnet 1 becomes 0 and 0 becomes 1.Until obtained
00000000.00000000.00001111.11111111 like this:
IP Address

: 192.192.10.234

Binary

: 11000000.11000000.00001010.11101010

Subnet Mask Binary

: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

After that,you must convert the number 1 to 0 and number 0 to 1,so you will get the broad
cast binary.
Broadcast Binary : 00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111
Then,you must convert the number 0 in the network address binary into 1 to become the
network broadcast address binary.
Network broadcast address binary : 11000000.11000000.00001010.11111111

So, the answer is:

Network broadcast address

: 192.192.10.255

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.0.

Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnets
Number Of Host Bits per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

192.192.10.34
255.255.255.0
8
256
8
254
11000000.11000000.00001010.11101010
192.192.10.1
192.192.10.254
192.192.10.255

Problem 4
Host IP address

: 172.17.99.71

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.0.0

1.Number of Subnets Bits

To find the number of subnet bits,first you need to change the subnet mask number to the
binary number like this:
Subnet Mask number

: 255.255.0.0

Subnet Mask binary number : 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000

After that,you must count number 1 in the subnet mask binary number and then you need to
substract with the total number of the binary like this:
Solution:
Total of number 1 in the subnet mask binary number

: 16

Total number of the subnet mask binary

: 32

Substract the number:

32 16 : 16
So, the total number of subnets Bits is 16.
2.Number of Subnets

To find the number of subnets you just multiply the number of subnets bits with 2 like this:
= 216
=2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2
= 65536
So the final answer for the number of subnets is 65536.
3. Number of host bits per subnet
Number of host bits per subnet is 16.

4. Number of usable hosts bits per subnet.

To find the total number of host bits per subnet, you must use the formula in the IP
address that is Possible Host.
Formula of the Possible Host:
2n - 2
Where n the number of host bits,so to find the number of host bits in this IP address the
solution are like this.
Using formula of the Possible Host.
= 2n - 2
= 216 - 2
= 65536 - 2
= 65534
So,the answer for the number of host bits is 65534.
5. Subnet Address for this IP address.
IP Address

172.17.99.71
255.255.0.0

1010110
0
11111111

0001000
1
11111111

Subnet Mask
Network Address

172.17.0.0

1010110

0001000

0110001
1
0000000
0
0000000

0100011
1
0000000
0
0000000

How to get the binary number for IP Address

172
172/2 = 86 / r = 0

r = remainder
17
99
17/2 = 8 / r = 1
99/2= 49 / r = 1

71
71/2= 35 / r = 1

86/2 = 43 / r = 0

8/2 = 4 / r = 0

49/2= 24 / r = 1

35/2= 17 / r = 1

43/2 = 21 / r = 1

4/2 = 2 / r = 0

24/2= 12 / r = 0
12/2= 6 / r = 0

17/2= 8 / r = 1

21/2 = 10 / r = 1

2/2 = 1 / r = 0

10/2 = 5 / r = 0

1/2 = 0 / r = 1

8/2= 4 / r = 0
6/2= 3 / r = 0
4/2= 2 / r = 0
3/2= 1 / r = 1

5/2 = 2 / r = 1

2/2= 1 / r = 0
1/2= 0 / r = 1

2/2 = 1 / r = 0

1/2= 0 / r =1

=0/r=1
10101100

00010001

01100011

01000111

6. IP address for first host on this Subnet

The IP address for first host on this subnet is 172.17.0.1
7. IP address for last host on this Subnet
The IP address for last host on this subnet is 172.17.255.254
8. Broadcast Address for this Subnet.
Broadcast address :
See the results of the binary IP address and subnet mask , focus on Subnet , turn all
grades Subnet 1 becomes 0 and 0 becomes 1.Until obtained
00000000.00000000.00001111.11111111 like this:
IP Address

: 172.17.99.71

Binary

: 10101100.00100001.01100011.01000111

Subnet Mask Binary

: 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000

After that,you must convert the number 1 to 0 and number 0 to 1,so you will get the broad
cast binary.

Broadcast Binary : 00000000.00000000.11111111.11111111

Then,you must convert the number 0 in the network address binary into 1 to become the
network broadcast address binary.
Network broadcast address binary : 10101100.00100001.11111111.11111111
So, the final answer is:
Network broadcast address

: 172.17.255.255

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.0.0.

Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnets
Number Of Host Bits per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

172.17.99.71
255.255.0.0
16
65536
16
65534
10101100.00010001.01100011.01000111
172.17.0.1
172.17.255.254
172.17.255.255

Problem 5
Host IP address

: 192.168.3.219

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.0

Find
1.Number of Subnets Bits
To find the number of subnet bits,first you need to change the subnet mask number to the
binary number like this:
Subnet Mask number

: 255.255.255.0

Subnet Mask binary number : 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

After that,you must count number 1 in the subnet mask binary number and then you need to
substract with the total number of the binary like this:
Solution:
Total of number 1 in the subnet mask binary number

: 24

Total number of the subnet mask binary

: 32

Substract the number:

32 24 : 8
So, the total number of subnets Bits is 8.
2.Number of Subnets
To find the number of subnets you just multiply the number of subnets bits with 2 like this:
= 28
=2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2
= 256
So the answer for the number of subnets is 256.
3. Number of host bits per subnet
Number of host bits per subnet is 8.

4. Number of usable hosts bits per subnet.

To find the total number of host bits per subnet, you must use the formula in the IP
address that is Possible Host.
Formula of the Possible Host:
2n - 2
Where n the number of host bits,so to find the number of host bits in this IP address the
solution are like this.
= 2n - 2
= 28 - 2
= 256 - 2
= 254
So,the answer for the number of host bits is 254.
5. Subnet Address for this IP address.

IP Address
Subnet Mask
Network Address

192.168.3.21
9
255.255.255.
0
192.168.3.0

1100000
0
11111111

1010100
0
11111111

0000001
1
11111111

1100000
0

1010100
0

0000001
1

11011011
0000000
0
0000000
0

How to get the binary number for IP Address

192
192/2 = 96 / r = 0

r = remainder
168
3
168/2 = 84 / r = 0
3/2= 1 / r = 1

219
219/2= 109 / r = 1

96/2 = 48 / r = 0

84/2 = 42 / r = 0

109/2= 54 / r = 1

48/2 = 24 / r = 0

42/2 = 21 / r = 0

54/2= 27 / r = 0

24/2 = 12 / r = 0

21/2 = 10 / r =1

27/2= 13 / r =1

12/2 = 6 / r = 0

10/2 = 5 / r = 0

13/2= 6 / r =1

6/2 = 3 / r = 0

5/2 = 2 / r = 1

6/2= 3 / r = 0

3/2 = 1 / r = 1

2/2 = 1 / r =0

3/2= 1 / r = 1

=0/r=1

1/2 = 0 / r =1

1/2= 0 / r = 1

11000000

10101000

1/2= 0 / r = 1

00000011

11011011

6. IP address for first host on this Subnet

The IP address for first host on this subnet is 192.168.3.1
7. IP address for last host on this Subnet
The IP address for last host on this subnet is 192.168.3.254
8. Broadcast Address for this Subnet.
How to get a broadcast address :
See the results of the binary IP address and subnet mask , focus on Subnet , turn all
grades Subnet 1 becomes 0 and 0 becomes 1.Until obtained
00000000.00000000.00001111.11111111 like this:
IP Address

: 192.168.3.219

Binary

: 11000000.10101000.00000011.11011011

Subnet Mask Binary

: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

After that,you must convert the number 1 to 0 and number 0 to 1,so you will get the broad
cast binary.
Broadcast Binary :00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111
Then,you must convert the number 0 in the network address binary into 1 to become the
network broadcast address binary.
Network broadcast address binary : 11000000.10101000.00000011.11111111
So, the final answer is:
Network broadcast address

: 192.168.3.255

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.0.

Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnets
Number Of Host Bits per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

192.168.3.219
255.255.255.0
8
256
8
254
11000000.10101000.00000011.11011011
192.168.3.1
192.168.3.254
192.168.3.255

Problem 6
Host IP address

: 192.168.3.219

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.252

Find
1.Number of Subnets Bits
To find the number of subnet bits,first you need to change the subnet mask number to the
binary number like this:
Subnet Mask number

: 255.255.255.0

Subnet Mask binary number : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100

After that,you must count number 1 in the subnet mask binary number and then you need to
substract with the total number of the binary like this:
Solution:
Total of number 1 in the subnet mask binary number

: 30

Total number of the subnet mask binary

: 32

Substract the number:

32 30 : 2
So, the total number of subnets Bits is 2.
2.Number of Subnets
To find the number of subnets you just multiply the number of subnets bits with 2 like this:
= 22
=2x2
=4
So the final answer for the number of subnets is 4.
3. Number of host bits per subnet
Number of host bits per subnet is 2.

4. Number of usable hosts bits per subnet.

To find the total number of host bits per subnet, you must use the formula in the IP
address that is Possible Host.
Formula of the Possible Host:
2n - 2
Where n the number of host bits,so to find the number of host bits in this IP address the
solution are like this.
= 2n - 2
= 22 - 2
=4-2

=2
So,the answer for the number of host bits is 2.
5. Subnet Address for this IP address.
IP Address

192.168.3.219

Subnet Mask

255.255.255.25
2
192.168.3.216

Network Address

1100000
0
11111111

1010100
0
11111111

0000001
1
11111111

1101101
1
11111100

1100000
0

1010100
0

0000001
1

1101100
0

How to get the binary number for IP Address

192
192/2 = 96 / r = 0

r = remainder
168
3
168/2 = 84 / r = 0
3/2= 1 / r = 1

219
219/2= 109 / r = 1

96/2 = 48 / r = 0

84/2 = 42 / r = 0

109/2= 54 / r = 1

48/2 = 24 / r = 0

42/2 = 21 / r = 0

54/2= 27 / r = 0

24/2 = 12 / r = 0

21/2 = 10 / r =1

27/2= 13 / r =1

12/2 = 6 / r = 0

10/2 = 5 / r = 0

13/2= 6 / r =1

6/2 = 3 / r = 0

5/2 = 2 / r = 1

6/2= 3 / r = 0

3/2 = 1 / r = 1

2/2 = 1 / r =0

3/2= 1 / r = 1

=0/r=1

1/2 = 0 / r =1

1/2= 0 / r = 1

11000000

10101000

1/2= 0 / r = 1

00000011

6. IP address for first host on this Subnet

The IP address for first host on this subnet is 192.168.3.217
7. IP address for last host on this Subnet
The IP address for last host on this subnet is 192.168.3.218
8. Broadcast Address for this Subnet.
How to get a broadcast address :

11011011

See the results of the binary IP address and subnet mask , focus on Subnet , turn all
grades Subnet 1 becomes 0 and 0 becomes 1.Until obtained
00000000.00000000.00001111.11111111 like this:
IP Address

: 192.168.3.219

Binary

: 11000000.10101000.00000011.11011011

Subnet Mask Binary

: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100

After that,you must convert the number 1 to 0 and number 0 to 1,so you will get the broad
cast binary.
Broadcast Binary : 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000011
Then,you must convert the number 0 in the network address binary into 1 to become the
network broadcast address binary.
Network broadcast address binary : 11000000.10101000.00000011.11011011
So, the answer is:
Network broadcast address

: 192.168.3.219

Subnet Mask

: 255.255.255.252

Host IP Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnets
Number Of Host Bits per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts per Subnet
Subnet Address for this IP Address
IP Address of First Host on this Subnet
IP Address of Last Host on this Subnet
Broadcast Address for this Subnet

192.168.3.219
255.255.255.252
2
4
2
2
11000000.10101000.00000011.11011011
192.168.3.217
192.168.3.218
192.168.3.219