CC TH THUT CASIO

(Tc gi : Bi Th Vit, 11 Ton 2, THPT Chuyn Thi Bnh, Thi Bnh)

Th thut 1: Khai trin a thc h s nguyn hoc h s l phn s

nh
(Ci ny p dng rt nhiu trong vic gii ton)
a) H s nguyn
Ni dung: Ta nn nh mt iu nh sau:
Gi s khi khai trin a thc th a thc c dng: anxn+an1xn1+...+a1x+a0
Ti x=10 th a thc c gi tr l anan1...a1a0
Ti x=100 th a thc c gi tr
l an0an10...0a10a0
Ti x=1000 th a thc c gi tr
l an00an100...00a100a0
...
Chc bn s kh hiu v ci ny ! Nhng hy n phm trn CASIO v lm theo cc bc sau l
bn s hiu ngay:
Bc 1: Nhp a thc :9X3+2X2+7X+1
Bc 2: n CALC, my hi X?
Bc 3: Nhp 10 v n nt =. Bn s thy kt qu l 9271. n tip "=", my hi X?
Bc 4: Nhp 100 v n nt =. Bn s thy kt qu l 9020701. n tip "=", my hi X?
Bc 5: Nhp 1000 v n nt =. Bn s thy kt qu l 9002007001
Vy chc bn hiu, nu khng hiu Comment bn di
Nhng nu nhng h s l s nguyn m th sao ? Li tm hiu tip nh !
Bc 1: Nhp a thc :9X32X27X+1
Bc 2: n CALC, my hi X?
Bc 3: Nhp 10 v n nt =. Bn s thy kt qu l 8731. n tip "=", my hi X?
Bc 4: Nhp 100 v n nt =. Bn s thy kt qu l 8979301. n tip "=", my hi X?
Bc 5: Nhp 1000 v n nt =. Bn s thy kt qu l 8997993001. n tip "=", my
hi X?
Bc 6: Nhp 10000 v n nt =. Bn s thy kt qu l 8999799930001
Nhn xt: Nu s bn nhp l 10x (tc l s 100...0 vi x s 0), hy chia kt
qu thnh cc khong x ch s t phi sang tri. VD: 8997993001 th l 8|997|993|

001 hoc 8999799930001 th l 8|9997|9993|0001

Gi gi tr khong th t (tn) l kt th ta c:
+ Nu k c nhiu s 9 th h s at=10xkt
+ Nu k c nhiu s 0 th h s at=kt
P/s: Mnh ni hi kh hiu v lng vng, tt nht l nn c lun cch lm bn di:
Cch lm:
Cch 1: (Ch p dng cho cc bi c h s 3).
VD cn khai trin 2(x+1)2(x1)7(x2+1)8
Bc 1: Nhp a thc n X vi cc h s nguyn v khng qu cng knh.
(VD 2(X+1)2(X1)7(X2+1)8)
Bc 2: n CALC, my hi X?, n 1000 v n =
Bc 3: My hin ra kt qu l mt s c nhiu ch s, tch ra tng 3 ch s mt t phi sang
tri
(VD: My hin 1994997983 th ta tch 1|994|997|983)
Bc 4: Ta ln lt tm h s a0,a1,... bng cch sau:
Nhm 3 ch s th k (tnh t phi sang tri) c gi tr l Mk, ch s hng trm ca Mk l
s 9 th chng t h s ca xk s l Mk1000 (s m), v gi tr ca nhm th k+1 s c
gi tr l Mk+1+1 (tng thm 1)
Nhm 3 ch s th k (tnh t phi sang tri) c gi tr l Mk, ch s hng trm ca Mk l
s 0 th chng t h s ca xk s l Mk (s dng)
(VD: Nhm 1: |983| th h s a0 l 17 v thm 1 vo nhm 2
Nhm 2: |997| th h s a1 l 3+1=2 v thm 1 vo nhm 3
Nhm 3: |994| th h s a2 l 6+1=5 v thm 1 vo nhm 4
Nhm 4: |001| th h s a3 l 1+1=2)
Bc 5: in kt qu: 2(x+1)2(x1)7(x2+1)8=2x35x22x17
Bc 6: Th li cho chc n !
(n 2(x+1)2(x1)7(x2+1)8(2x35x22x17), gn gi
tr x=1,2,3,4,... m thy kt qu lun =0 th chc l chnh xc)
Nhn xt: Cch ny khng hay lm, nu lm quen th chc nhn h s cc nhm l s bit c
ngy kt qu trin.
Cch 2: p dng cho bc cao, h s nguyn (Bc cng ng cao qu, h h)
VD cn khai trin 2(x+1)3(x1)27(x2+1)28
Bc 1: Gn gi tr x=1000 hoc 10000 nu thch.
(Ti x=1000 th kt qu l 1,994995982x1015)
Bc 2: Nhn vo gi tr sau du phy, xem xt s bn cnh n ! Nu s bn cnh l
bc cao nht l h s sau du phy cng 1, nu l s 0 th d nguyn.
(Sau du phy l s 1, cnh n l s 9, suy ra h s bc cao nht (bc 5) l 2)

9 th h s

Bc 3: Vit li a thc, sau tr i bc cao nht va tm.

(2(x+1)3(x1)27(x2+1)282x5)
Bc 4: Cho x=1000 th kt qu l bc a thc s gim, tip tc lm nh bc 2
(Ti x=1000 th gi tr nhn c l 5,004017998x1012. Do bc h
t 15 xung 12 nn a thc c h s bc 4 khc 0.
Sau du phy l s 5, cnh n l s 0 nn h s bc 4 l 5
n tip 2(x+1)3(x1)27(x2+1)282x5+5x4
Gn x=100 th kt qu l 4179813, tch thnh 4|17|98|13| ta c h s
bc 3 l 4, h s bc 2 l 18, h s bc nht l 2, h s t do l 13)
Bc 5: Ghi kt
qu: 2(x+1)3(x1)27(x2+1)28=2x55x44x318x2+2x13
Bc 6: Th li
Nhn xt: Lm nhiu mi quen, ch ci ny kh ni lm. Cng hay ch nh ?
b) H s l phn s:
Bc 1: Tm c chung ln nht cc mu m ta d on chng s gp mt trong h s sau khi
phn tch
Bc 2: Vit a thc, c c phn s, tt c a thc nhn vi c chung ln nht va tm c
Bc 3: Lm nh phn a)
P/s: Ai khng hiu c comment
Th thut 2: Phn tch phng trnh bc 4 thnh nhn t (Ci ny mnh post li)
i vi phng trnh bc 4 dng f(x)=ax4+bx3+cx2+dx+e ta chia lm 2 mng ln:
*** u tin l phng trnh f(x) c nghim, ta xt:
- Nu trong trng hp bn phi i thi, kim tra th bn nn s dng my tnh CASIO

fx m gii

nh, sau y l hng dn gii phng trnh bc 4 bng Casio :

+Trng hp 1: Bn ly my tnh, vit phng trnh bc 4 ca bn vo, n Shift + Solve v sau
n "=" gii phng trnh bc 4 :
@@1: Nu my tnh hin ra X= mt s nguyn c th no hoc l s v hn c tun hon
(VD:1,3333333...)
th bn n AC, sau n RCL + X th my s hin ln chnh xc nghim ca bn (s nguyn
hoc phn s ti gin).
Khi f(x) c mt nhn t l (xX) (vi X l nghim bn va tnh c).
Sau bn s phn tch thnh (xX)(mx3+nx2+px+q).
Khi dng my tnh gii nghim phng trnh bc 3 nh bng cch vo Mode Mode Mode 1

ri ln lt ghi h s ca n vo nh.
T bn nhn c tt c cc nghim ca f(x) gm X v 3 ngim ca phng trnh bc 3
. . .

@@2: Nu my tnh hin ra X= mt s v hn khng tun hon, bn chuyn sang Trng hp

2(Ci ny mi kh)
+Trng hp 2:( Ci ny l cng thc b mt y):
Khi tm c 1 nghim ca phng trnh bc 4 , bn chuyn d liu sang A bng cch n
Alpha X Shift Sto A
Sau bn vit li phng trnh bc 4 , n Shift + Solve, my hin tip

X? bn nhp 100 vo,

n "=", n "=" gii.

Khi my s tnh mt nghim na khc vi nghim ban u.
Bn chuyn d liu nghim va tm c sang B bng cch n Alpha X Shift Sto B.
Sau bn vit li phng trnh bc 4 , n Shift + Solve, my hin tip

X? bn nhp -100

vo, n "=", n "=" gii.

Khi my s tnh mt nghim na khc vi nghim ban u.
Bn chuyn d liu nghim va tm c sang C bng cch n Alpha X Shift Sto C (Th l ).
Ci ny l xong n: n Alpha A + Alpha B ri "=", nu kt qu l s nguyn hoc phn s th bn
n tip Alpha A Alpha B ri "="
tnh c tch ca 2 s .
Khi y p dng nh l Vit o ta c f(x) c mt nhn t l x2(A+B)x+AB (Hay
cha).
Cn nu A+B khng l s nguyn hoc s v hn c tun hon (Tc l phn s y) th Bn lm
tng t vi tng B+C, C+A t tm c nhn t ca f(x)
Ni khng bng lm, bn hy lm theo v d sau, chc bn s hiu:

x4+3x34x211x+5=0

Ta n phm trn my tnh CASIO nh sau:

Vit PT x4+3x34x211x+5=0 trn my tnh CASIO fx-570MS hoc fx-570ES.
n shift + SOLVE
My hi X?
n 10 = (Nu l my fx-570ES th khng cn lm tip, i vi my fx-570MS th n tip Shift
SOLVE)
Sau mt hi, my hin X=1,791287847
n AC,
n Alpha X Shift STO A
_______________________________________________________________
Vit li phng trnh : x4+3x34x211x+5=0
n shift + SOLVE
My hi X?
n -10 = (Nu l my fx-570ES th khng cn lm tip, i vi my fx-570MS th n tip Shift
SOLVE)
Sau mt hi, my hin X= - 2,791287847
n AC,
n Alpha X Shift STO B
______________________________________________________
Vit li phng trnh : x4+3x34x211x+5=0
n shift + SOLVE
My hi X?
n -1 = (Nu l my fx-570ES th khng cn lm tip, i vi my fx-570MS th n tip Shift
SOLVE)
Sau mt hi, my hin X= 0,4142135624
n AC,

n Alpha X Shift STO C

________________________________________________________________
Nhn xt:
n Alpha B + Alpha C =
My hin : -2,377074285
n Alpha C + Alpha A =
My hin : 2,20550141
n Alpha A + Alpha B =
My hin : -1
_____________________________
Chng t trong cc tng A+B, B+C, C+A th ch thy A+B nguyn (hoc l mt s v hn tun
hon)
p tip Alpha A x Alpha B =
My hin : -5
Chng t A, B l nghim ca phng trnh bc 2 n x : x2(A+B)x+AB=0
M A+B= -1, A.B= -5
Suy ra A, B l nghim ca phng trnh x2+x5=0
M A, B cng l nghim ca phng trnh:

x4+3x34x211x+5=0

Suy ra x4+3x34x211x+5 khi phn tch nhn t c mt nhn t l x2+x5

Suy ra x4+3x34x211x+5=(x2+x5)(ax2+bx+c)
T ta phn tch thnh nhn t c

Bi tp p dng:

x4+3x34x211x+5=0
x4+12x3+21x224x+5=0
x46x3132x2+885x+500=0

10x4+27x316x245x+28=0
10x4+27x3+245x2+306x+1288=0
x4+9x3+20x2+9x+1=0

Th thut 3: Phn tch a thc bc cao thnh nhn t (Tng qut ca th thut 2)
Nhn xt: i khi ta thy nhng bi phng trnh v t m ch cn nhn l thy bnh phng ln
ra phng trnh bc cao cho n lnh ( = Bc ng cng - Nguyn Cng Hoan) nhng chnh
vic khai trin n, phn tch thnh nhn t khin chng ta nn. Nhng phng php sau y s
gip ch phn no iu .
Ni dung: Trc tin, cn xc nh bc ca a thc, khi phn tch thnh nhn t ta s kim tra
xem c thiu nhn t no khng ! VD: (x2+1)2(x2+5x+4)21x336x27x+2 c
bc l 6
Sau , xc nh khong cha nghim ca phng trnh, ging nh phng trnh bc 4
Cch lm:
Cch 1: p dng cho nhng bi m nhn t ca n l a thc bc < 3
Bc 1: Nhp a thc: (x2+1)2(x2+5x+4)21x336x27x+2
Bc 2: Gii nghim phng trnh, cho X l im gia khong nghim
VD: 0.414213562,2.414213562,1.618033988,0.6180339880
Bc 3: C tm xem cc nghim y l nghim ca phng trnh bc 2 hay bc 3 no ?
VD: x2x1=0 v x2+2x1=0
Bc 4: Vit lun ra v rng PT tng ng vi (x2x1)(x2+2x1)(...) vi ... l mt
tam thc bc 2 c dng ax2+bx+c. Quan trng by gi l tm a,b,c

a=1, h s t do bng 6 nn c=6

Bc 6: Vit ra my tnh nh sau: (x2+1)2(x2+5x+4)21x336x27x+2
(x2x1)(x2+2x1)(x2+Ax+6),A
Bc 7: n Shift + Solve gii phng trnh trn theo A. u tin cho X=1,2,3,... m khi
gii, ta lun c A=4, do b=4
Bc 8: Vit tip (x2+4x+6)
Bc 5: V h s bc cao nht phng trnh bc 6 l 1 nn

Bc 9: Th li
Nhn xt: Cch ny hi hn ch
Cch 2: (Mt s bi ton khi bnh phng gii phng trnh bc cao, li ra mt tam thc bc 2
nhn vi mt a thc bc 4 hoc bc 3, cch ny vn gn ging cch 1 nhng n gip chng ta
tm c nhn t phng trnh cn li. Cch ny p dng th thut 1.)
VD: Gii phng trnh (x2+1)2(x2+5x+4)21x326x217x8=0

Bc 1: Tm cc nghim phng trnh, thy phng trnh c ng 2 nghim v t ta c nhn

t

(x2x1) (Nh cch 1)

Bc 2: Ta s tm nt nhn t bc 4 cn li, cch lm nh sau:
Vit ln my tnh: (x2+1)2(x2+5x+4)21x326x217x8x2x1
Bc 3: Cho x=1000 th ta c kt qu l 1,006013008x1012
Chng t h s bc 4 l 1
Bc 4: Vit tip (x2+1)2(x2+5x+4)21x326x217x8x2x1x4
Cho x=1000 ta c 6013008004 nn ta c phng trnh bc 4 l:

x4+6x3+13x2+8x+4
Bc 5: Vit : (x2x1)(x4+6x3+13x2+8x+4)=0
Bc 6: Chng minh phng trnh bc 4 kia v nghim (Xem th thut 4)
Bc 7: Kt lun (Ci ny nhiu ngi thiu)
Nhn xt: Th thut ny lm mt i tr c, t duy con ngi nn khng khuyn co dng cch
ny...
Th thut 4: Chng minh phng trnh bc 4 v nghim: (Post li bi mnh post)
Thm mt phng php "t" ca mnh, l cch chng minh phng trnh bc 4 v nghim !
(Ai khng hiu g c pmmmm nha, nhng cng hi au u y)
_________________________
Xt PT f(x)=x4+ax3+bx2+cx+d vi d>0 v a,b,c l cc h s.
Khi bn gii mi ci ny m khng ra nghim (Can't solve), bn hy chng minh phng trnh v
nghim
V d 1: Gii phng trnh: x46x3+16x222x+16=0
Cch 1: Cch n may: chnh l f(x) phn tch thnh 2 ci bc 2 cng vi mt h s t do
khng m,
ging nh f(x)=x46x3+16x222x+16
Khi f(x)=(x22x+3)(x24x+5)+1>0
[?] Vy ti sao li c th phn tch thnh ci ny, l cu hi kh ?
Cch lm y l t f(x)=(x2+ax+b)(x2+cx+d)+e
Suy ra f(x)=x4+(a+c)x3+(d+ac+b)x2+(bc+ad)x+bd+e
ng nht vi a thc ban u l f(x)=x46x3+16x222x+16
Ta c:

a+c=4d+ac+b=16bc+ad=22bd+e=16

T d dng suy ra a=2,b=3,c=4,d=5,e=1 nh phng php m (V y l

cch n may m)
Cch 2: (Cch ny o nht, by gi tui mi pht hin ra)
Cng t: A=f(x)=x46x3+16x222x+16
Ta s chng minh f(x)>0 bng cch t x=ya4, mt i h s ca y3
t x=y+32
Biu thc cho tr thnh:

A=y4+5y22y+6116=y42my2+m2+(2m+52)y2y+6116m2

(Ch ny kh o, nhng hay)

Cn tm m>52 PT (2m+52)y2y+6116m2 v nghim (khi n mi >0)
Th =<0
Tm bt k s m no tha mn BT kia v phi tha mn m>52
C nhiu m tha mn lm, VD: m=0 hoc m=1 hoc m=1 l p mt nht
Chn mt ci v lm !
Gi s:
a) m=1 th A=(y2+1)2+32(y13)2+17548
Suy ra A=(x23x+134)2+32(x116)2+17548>0
b) m=0 th A=y4+52(y15)2+29780
Suy ra A=(x32)4+52(x1710)2+29780>0
c) m=1 th A=(y21)2+72(y17)2+419112
Suy ra A=(x23x+54)2+72(x2314)2+419112
_______________________
Nhn xt: Nhng cc bn cng khng nn li dng n qu, ging nh minhtuyb nhn xt:
"Mnh cng chia s cht ch ny :
Khi ra A=y4+5y22y+6116 th trc khi chn h s m thch hp nh trn nn
kim tra xem tam thc bc hai 5y22y+6116 c v nghim hay khng:

+) Nu v nghim (<0) th ta phn tch thng lun: A=y4+52(y15)2+29780,

tc l chn m=0 mt cng cho phn sau
+) Nu c nghim th li phi lc cc i tm m thi "
________________________
khng phi xt nh th, mnh post mt VD khc c th p dng hon ton :
V D 2: Gii phng trnh 12x4108x3+312x2+183x+119=0
___________
Nhn xt: Trc khi bt tay vo gii phng trnh, cc bn phi kim chng rng phng
trnh c nghim hay khng !!!
Mnh khuyn cc bn nn dng My Tnh B ti Casio gii phng trnh, nu n bo
Can't solve th chc l phng trnh khng c nghim
Hng lm: (Ci ny trong nhp)
Ta
thy 12x4108x3+312x2+183x+119=0x49x3+26x2+614x+119

12=0
t A=x49x3+26x2+614x+11912

Ging nh phng trnh bc 4 tng qut c dng f(x)=x4+ax3+bx2+cx+d=0 th

bn t x=ya4 ri rt gn li
Vy t x=y94
Suy ra

A=(y94)49(y94)3+26(y94)2+614(y94)+11912
=y4+9y3+2438y2+72916y+65612569y32434y2218716y65
6164+26y2+117y+10538+614y+212348
=y4358y2+3298y+76007768

Bc tip theo l cng h s thch hp:

A=y4358y2+3298y+76007768
=y42my2+m2+(2m358)y2+3298ym2+76007768

A>0 th ta s tm m>3516 phng

trnh (2m358)y2+3298ym2+76007768=0 v nghim
Hay =108241644(2m358)

(m2+76007768)=8m3352m27600796m+52580291536<0
(Nu bn mun tm nhanh m khng mt cng rt gn biu thc th hy nhp vo my
tnh Casio ri n Calc.
My hi M? n th xem vi M bng bao nhiu thi kt qu l mt s m)
C nhiu gi tr ca m tha mn BT y, ta chn ly ci p nht nhng m tha
mn m>3516
VD: Ta ly m bt k ch cn tha mn 5110m395 l BT kia ng !!!
(Cch tm m nhanh m khng phi m !... Vo mode EQN, n cch h s ca PT bc 3
vo ln lt a,b,c ri my s tnh c 3 nghim, ri lp bng xt du l xong)
Cho m=6 hay m=7 th ta c:
Nu m=6 th (2m358)y2+3298ym2+76007768=618y2+3298y+4

8359768=618(y+329122)2+35211546848
Do
A=(y26)2+618(y+329122)2+35211546848=(x292x1516)2

+618(x+109244)2+35211546848>0
Nu m=7 th (2m358)y2+3298ym2+76007768=778y2+3298y+3

8375768=778(y+4722)2+510138448
Do
A=(y27)2+778(y+4722)2+510138448=(x292x3116)2+778(

x544)2+510138448>0
Do c nhiu cch chng minh phng trnh bc 4 v nghim, nhng li gii th rt
ngn gn:
Li gii 1: (ci lm lm lun vo bi)
Ta c: 12x4108x3+312x2+183x+119=0

12(x292x1516)2+1832(x+109244)2+3521153904=0
V l do VT > 0 vi mi x
Li gii 2:
Ta c: 12x4108x3+312x2+183x+119=0

12(x292x3116)2+2312(x544)2+51013704=0
V l do VT > 0 vi mi x
__________________________________
Nhn xt: 2 li gii trn tht ngn gn, nhng li phi c mt "cng trnh" nghin cu nh
trn, nhng cn vi phng trnh bc 6, 8, ... th li phi lm mt hng khc !
V d di s gip bn thnh tho hn !!!
Th thut 5: (Vt l) Tng hp lc (Ci ny mnh thch lm)

Ni dung: p dng c im s phc

Cch lm:
Cho cc vecto lc: F0,F1,F2,F3,...,Fn bit gc to bi F0 vi
cc F1,F2,...Fn l 1,2,...,n
Hp lc ca n v gc to bi vecto hp lc vi F0 c tnh nh sau:
Bc 1: n Shift + MODE, n , chn CMPLX, chn r
Bc 2: Vo Mode, chn CMPLX
Bc 3: n nh sau: F00+F11+F22+...+Fnn
n = l ta c kt qu !
Nhn xt: Mnh ngh l th thut 5 gip rt nhiu trong nhng bi ton v lc, ng lng,
in tch, ...
Th thut 6: Phn tch a thc cha cn thc thnh nhn t (Ci ny th hi kh hiu, lm
nhiu s quen)
Ni dung: C kh nhiu cch v cng kh nhiu trng hp s dng th thut ny, mnh
ch nu vi th thut chnh, nhng m bo s gip ch cho cc bn rt rt nhiu
Cch 1: (i vi a thc cha mt cn thc bc nht, c dng f(x)=g(x)+h(x)ax+b

(VD: f(x)=2x23x+2x3x2)
Bc 1: t t=ax+b (tc t= ci cn thc)
(t=3x2)
Bc 2: Vit a thc theo t (Do t=ax+b nn x=t2ba)
(f(x)=2(13t2+23)2t2(13t2+23)t)

Bc 3: p dng th thut 1 phn tch thnh nhn t

(f(x)=19(t1)(t2)(2t2+3t+4))
Bc 4: Th t=ax+b vo nhn t va tm c
(f(x)=13(3x21)(3x22)(2x+3x2
))
Bc 5: Vit lun kt qu v xem gii.
Nhn xt: Cch ny kh o diu, nhng rt d l liu phng php. trnh ngi khc kh
hiu hay t m v phng php ny th tt hn hy lm nh sau:
(VD f(x)=2x23x+2x3x2)
t t=3x2 ta c t2=3x2
Khi f(x)=2x2xtt2=(2x+t)(xt)
Suy ra ...
(Thc ra n chnh l phng php hng s bin thin)
Cch 2: (i vi a thc cha t cn thc, thng l mt hoc hai hoc ba cn thc, biu thc
trong cn l mt a thc bc cao)
Ni dung: Kh ni nhng d hiu !!!

Phn 1: Nghim v t
Lu : Ch nghim v t mi p dng y
Cch lm: VD nh phng trnh v t ny: x2+1(x+1)x22x+3
=0 (theo provotinhvip)
Bc 1: Vit vo CASIO, gii phng trnh ny, ta c cc nghim 12
Bc 2: Tnh gi tr biu thc trong cn: x22x+3=2
Bc 3: Suy ra 100% s c nhn t (x22x+32)
Bc 4: Do kiu g cng c nhn t (x22x+32) nn n y l
rt d ri cn g !!!
Bc 5: kt qu
VD2: 6x318x2+8x+4+(3x26x4)x22x+7=0
Bc 1: Gii nghim, cng c x=1+2
Bc 2: Tnh gi tr ca cn: x22x+7=22
Bc 3: V a thc h s hu t nn 100% nhn t cng hu t, suy ra x22x+7

=22=2x2

Bc 4: Suy ra 100% s c nhn t x22x+72x+2

Bc 5: Tr a thc, lm tip ta c phng trnh tng ng vi:

(x22x+72x+2)((x22x+7
+2x2)2+1)=0
Bc 6: OK?
Phn 2: Nghim hu t (Cc k quan trng, p dng cc nhiu)
Tham kho: http://diendantoanho...-phng-trnh/
Th thut 7: Dng CASIO lm Bt ng Thc nhiu bin i xng
Phn 1: iu kin vi tng
Thc ra y ch l mt phn nh ca phng php UCT, kh hay cho vic lm BT ...
Ni dung: Tham kho bi vit ca viet 1846 y: http://diendantoanho...-bt-dnh-uct/
d hnh dung, xt VD sau: http://diendantoanho...-frac12-ageq-3/
V D: Cho a,b,c dng tha mn a2=3,CmR 12a3
Hng lm: Tm k v m

12aka2+m
Nhn vo bi ton l thy im ri a=b=c=1, do , o hm hai v ri cho a=1 ta s
tm c k
Tc l:

k=ddx(12x ) x=1ddx(x2) x=1

C g nguyn ci ny vo CASIO fx570ES l thy ngay...

Sau khi tm c k=12, li thy im ri a=1 v 12a=ka2+m nn ta

c m=12
Sau khi tm c k v m, ta phi chng minh li BT mnh va nu ra, tc l:

12aa2+12

vi mi 0<a<2
Ci ny c th ng, c th sai
Nu lun ng th ngon ri, chng minh tng t vi b,c ta c Q.E.D
Nu cha chc ng th ta dng ti Jensen, hoc hm li
Tm li, tng qut lun: Gi thit: g(a)+g(b)+g=x, cn tm cc tr ca f(a)+f(b)

+f

im ri ca bi l a=b=c=x0
Ta cn tm k v m tha mn: f(a)kg(a)+m
Khi

k=ddxf(x) x=x0ddxg(x) x=x0

Cn m=f(x0)kg(x0). Sau chng minh li thi

Phn 2: Vi iu kin dng tch:
Gi thit cho abc=t, tm cc tr ca f(a)+f(b)+f(c)
Kiu g th chng ta cng a dng abc=t thnh xyz=1
Tc l cho xyz=1, tm cc tr ca f(x)+f(y)+f(z)
rng: lnx+lny+lnz=lnxyz=0 nn ta ch cn tm k v m sao cho BT sau lun
ng:

f(x)klnx+m

_____________
Tm k nhanh:

k=(ddxf(x) x=x0 )x0

Th vo tm c m
Sau chng minh li BT va tm bng phng php o hm, t ta c th lm nhanh
nhng bi dng ny
_______________________________________
Th thut 8: Phng php phn tch thnh nhn t vi 2 bin bng CASIO

Lu : Th thut ny ch p dng cho biu thc 2 n bc khng qu cao (gii hn bc 4) cho

mt n ...
V d nh: x3y3+10x220xy3+1 vn nm trong phm vi ca phng php ny ... Do
ng dng thc tin ca phng php ny l kh ln, thun tin cho vic gii Phng
trnh v H phng trnh.
Yu cu: c qua Th Thut 1 : CC TH THUT CASIO
tng: Nhn xt s b mt biu thc cn phn tch, xem bc ci no cao nht, cho n

bng 1000 ri phn tch

_______________________________________
V D 1: A=x2+xy2y2+3x+36y130
Bc lm:
Bc 1: Nhn thy bc ca x v y u bng 2 nn mnh chn ci no cng c
Bc 2: Cho y=1000, ta c A=x2+1003x1964130
Bc 3: Phn tch nhn t n: A=(x+1990)(x987)
Bc 4: p dng th thut 1, ta c: 1990=2y10 v 987=y+13
Bc 5: Th vo ta c A=(x+2y10)(xy+13)
D khng no ???
V D 2: B=6x2y13xy2+2y318x2+10xy3y2+87x14y+15
Bc 1: Bc ca x nh hn
Bc 2: Cho y=1000, ta c B=5982x212989913x+1996986015
Bc 3: Phn tch nhn t: B=2991(2x333) (x2005)
Bc 4: C 2991=3y9,333=9993=y13,2005=2y+5
Bc 5: Ta c: B=(3y9)(2xy13)(x2y5)=(y3)(x2y5)

(6xy+1)
OK?

V D 3: C=x33xy22y37x2+10xy+17y2+8x40y+16
Bc 1: Bc nh nhau
Bc 2: Cho y=1000, ta c C=x37x22989992x1983039984
Bc 3: Phn tch: C=(x1999)(x+996)2
Bc 4: Th 1999=2y1 v 996=y4
Bc 5: C=(x2y+1)(x+y4)2
V D 4: D=2x2y2+x3+2y3+4x2+xy+6y2+3x+4y+12
Bc 1: Bc nh nhau
Bc 2: Cho y=1000 ta c D=x3+2000004x2+1003x+2006004012
Bc 3: Phn tch: D=(x+2000004) (x2+1003)
Bc 4: Th 2000004=2y2+4 v 1003=y+3
Bc 5: D=(x2+y+3)(2y2+x+4)
V D 5: E=x3y+2x2y2+6x3+11x2yxy26x27xyy26x5y+6
Bc 1: Bc ca y nh hn
Bc 2: Cho x=1000 ta
c E=1998999y2+1010992995y+5993994006
Bc 3: Phn tch: E=2997(667y+333333) (y+6)
Bc 4: "o ha" nhn t: E=999(2001y+999999)(y+6)
Bc 5: Th 999=x1,2001=2x+1,999999=x21
Bc 6: E=(x1)((2x+1)y+x21)(y+6)=(x1)(y+6)(x2+2xy+y1)
V D

6: F=6x4y+12x3y2+5x3y5x2y2+6xy3+x3+7x2y+4xy23y32x2

8xy+3y22x+3y3
Bc 1: Bc y nh hn
Bc 2: Cho x=1000 ta c:
F=5997y3+11995004003y2+6005006992003y+997997997
Bc 3: Phn tch F= (1999y+1001001) (3y2+5999000y+997 )
Bc 4:
Th 1999=2x1;1001001=x2+x+1;5999000=6x2x,997=x3
Bc 5: Ta c

F=((2x1)y+x2+x+1)(3y2+(6x2x)y+x3)=(x2+2xy+xy+1)
(6x2yxy+3y2+x3)