Section 4: Civil war

Alisa Le, Samuel Ramos, Mater Osueke, Gisselle Flores, and Alexandra
Cifuentes

Creation of Republican Party, 1854

Crisis

over Slavery issue between North and South

Downfall of the Whig party
Leader of the Whigs in 1852 was Winifield Scott
(Northerner)
He was against the spread of slavery
He was against Fugitive Slave Act
This upset the Southerners and they no longer
supported/voted for the Whigs
Kansas Nebraska Act caused dispute and violence
This leads to the decline of the Whig part in 1856
Formation of different parties
Know Nothing Party
Free Soil Party
Republican Party
Republican Party
Founder: Horace Greeley
Purpose: United against slavery
Opposed Kansas- Nebraska Act

Why is it the cause of the civil

war?
After the formation of the republican party they ran

their
first election in 1856.
Unfortunately they did not do so well and ran again in
the
1860 election
In 1860 many Southern slave states threatened to
succeed
if the Republicans won the presidency
The republicans ended up winning the election with
Abraham
Lincoln being elected
6 weeks later South Carolina succeeded from the Union
followed by 5 more states
This lead to the start of the Civil War

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-birth-of-the-republican-part
y.html#lesson

http://www.c-span.org/video/?c4511366/kansas-nebraska-act-formation-repu
blican-party

http://www.c-span.org/video/?c4511366/kansas-nebraska-act-formation-repu
blican-party

Sources

"Republican Party Founded." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d.

Web. 04 Nov. 2014. <http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/republicanparty-founded>.

"The Republicans And The Civil War." The Republicans And The Civil War.
N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.civilwarhome.com/republicans.html>.
PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_org_republican.html>.

Election of 1856

During the election of 1856, there were 3 candidates from different parties.
James Buchanan was a Democrat, who is for the expansion of slavery.
John C. Fermont was a republican and he is against the expansion of slavery.
Millard Fillmore was the 13th president and he represented the new American
Party, which is the Whig.
The Whig is a political party that was separated from the Democrats and
they dont care about the expansion of slavery.
In the end, James Buchanan won the election of 1856.

Why is it the cause of the civil war?

The Lecompton Constitution was created by pro-slavery and this stated that
people could only vote on the existence of slavery.
Many people, who were free-soilers, refused to vote and in the end the
constitution will include slaves.
Pro-slavery and anti-slavery begins to argue with each other and soon turn
into a civil war.

"Chapter 19: Drifting Toward Disunion | APNotes.net."Chapter 19: Drifting

Toward Disunion | APNotes.net. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.apnotes.net/ch19.html>.

"United States Presidential Election, 1856."Princeton University. N.p., n.d.

Web. 06 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/United_States_pr
esidential_election,_1856.html>.

Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

Dred Scott was the property of an army surgeon in Missouri, and he travelled with his
master into Illinois and Wisconsin, where slavery was forbidden.

When Dred Scotts master died, Scott sued his masters widow for freedom on the
grounds that his residence in free territory had made him a free man.

The Supreme Court was so divided that it was unable to issue a single ruling.

Ruling:

Scotts two year stay in Illinois and the Northwest territory did not make him free.

As an African American, Dred Scott was excluded from U.S citizenship under the
constitution and therefore couldnt bring a suit.

Congress doesnt have the right to prohibit slavery in any territory since it is a violation
of the fifth amendment, which prohibited denying property rights without due process of
law.

The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

Why is it the cause of the civil

war?

Rose tensions between the north and south.

Federal government was powerless to act on the issue.
Looked as a southern victory.
Southerners could expand slavery in the nation.
Antislavery population was outraged.
Violence between slave-owners and abolitionists.

Sources

"Lincoln Douglas Debates."YouTube. YouTube, 6 Dec. 2010. Web. 06 Nov.

2014. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDAnbDysxHc>.
Ushistory.org. "The Dred Scott Decision."Ushistory.org. Independence Hall
Association, 2008. Web. 05 Nov. 2014.
McBride, Alex. "Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)."PBS. PBS, Dec. 2006. Web.
06 Nov. 2014.
Santos, Rose M. "Web Quest."Dred Scott. Law & Business Academy, n.d.
Web. 06 Nov. 2014.

Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858

- 1858

- A debate that occur from August 21 to

October 15 in 7 location

Ottawa on August 21

Freeport on August 27

Jonesboro on September 15

Charleston on September 18

Galesburg on October 7

Quincy on October 13

Alton on October 15

Fighting for the position of U.S senator

Slaves in new territories and their spread

- Douglas supports and believes in the popular

sovereignty
- argue that banning slave will cause negative
affects.
- Lincoln believed slaver was wrong and should be
banned
- Compromise 1850 wont last long
- unknown Lincoln looses
- Douglas succeeds and becomes the new senator

Why is it the cause of the civil

war?

- Lincoln becomes president November 6

- the north supported Lincoln and were against Douglas ideas and
slavery
- south agreed with slavery and disagree that slaves should be
consider equal.
- union parties and houses were divided
- the problem if slaves should be banned or not still continue
leading to the
Civil War

Sources

- "Lincoln-Douglas Debates." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d.

Web. 05 Nov. 2014. <http://www.history.com/topics/lincoln-douglasdebates>.

-"Lincoln - Douglas Debates of 1858." Lincoln - Douglas Debates of 1858.

N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014. <http://www.illinoiscivilwar.org/debates.html>.

Free Port Doctrine, 1858

Proposed by Stephen A. Douglas in a

speech at Freeport, Illinois in 1858
Free Port doctrine stated that a new
territory could decide whether they
wanted to allow or out-law slavery
in their territory.

Why is it the cause of the civil

war?

In the Freeport Doctrine Douglas said things about

slavery that many southern democrats didnt like and
he lost support from the south, which in the end made
him lose the election of 1860. Over all the Freeport
Doctrine made the Civil War start quicker than
expected.

Sources

"Freeport Doctrine."Freeport Doctrine. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.

<http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h241.html>.
"Freeport Doctrine."Wikihistoria -. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.
<https://wikihistoria.wikispaces.com/Freeport+Doctrine>.