Late 1300s - Nation-states emerged

At this time Nations emerged from Europe, developing local characteristics

including separate forms of government.

1415-1460- Prince Henry the Navigator, went along the west of Africa

1488- Dias rounded Cape of Good Hope

Dias was one of the first European explorers to sail around the Cape of Good
Hope, exploring many parts of Africa

Columbus sighted San Salvador

Christian Spain captured Granada from the moors

1494-Treaty of Tordesillas, split land between Spain and Portugal

This split newly discovered land that was 370 leagues west of Cape Verde
Islands. Anything East was to be Portugals, anything west was Spains.
1499-Vasco da Gama sailed to India and back
The Portuguese explorer rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and sailed to India.
One of the first explorers to do so.

1522-Magellan circumnavigated the globe

1595 When the first fly boat was introduced

The ship was lighter and required only a small crew

1607-Jamestown, VA becomes 1st permanent English settlement

Prior to Jamestown, many settlements were very temporary. Settlers would
move several time to new locations.

1608- Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec

French settler Champlain, settle the city and area of Quebec, in modern day
Canada

1620 Dutch claimed Manhattan Island (New Amsterdam).

Henry Hudson settled modern day New York

Plymouth, MA founded
Founded from Religious separatists on the Mayflower

1623- Private land ownership was available in Jamestown, VA

1620-1630 Tobacco Prices Fell
Prices fell and stayed at a low price throughout most of the peacetime
periods. This was due to increases in output per unit.

1630-1670 Tobacco Output doubled per worker

Demand for tobacco was at a climb in Europe.

1642 English Civil War begins

1649 English Civil War ends

1652 Massachusetts first colony to mint coins

1660 Navigation Act

Made it so colonists ships' crews had to be three-quarters English. Also that
the "enumerated" products not produced by the England, like tobacco, cotton, and
sugar were to be shipped from the colonies only to England or other English
colonies.

1661 - Wampum no longer accepted in Massachusetts as currency

1663 Navigation Act

Made it so all European goods that were headed to America had to go
through England first. They had to be carried in English vessels to America and
taxed once there.

1664-New Amsterdam becomes New York after seized by British

1664 Dutch lost power in North America

1690 Massachusetts first colony to issue paper money

1690 Shift of Power from Crown to Parliament

1699 Wool exports

1700 - Sacred Cod
The fishing industry was so important to Massachusetts that they have a 200
year old cod in the Massachusetts House of Representatives.

Holy Mackerel
Like the Cod a Chandelier in the Massachusetts Senate Chambers has brass
fish and a brass pine cone which represent their Fishing and Lumber Industry.

Land
During this time Land was correlated to wealth so many people came to
America to get their own land.

Mills
The mills were Animal and Water Powered but they had no factories to work
with.

Natural Resources
In America there were plenty of Natural Resources but not enough skilled
labor, this meant that finished products were scarce. Iron was plentiful but it had to
be shipped to England.

Southern Colonies
They had very fertile Land that could grow cash crops like tobacco, rice, and
indigo. Georgia was a debtors colony.

Middle Colonies
They were the Breadbasket of the Colonies because of their ability to grow
wheat, corn, rye, barley, and many other foodstuffs. The Dutch and Germans came
bringing skills and farming methods.

New England Colonies

They had poor rocky soil so they relied on the resources they had such as
cattle and Sheep. There was plenty of lumber there so they had a Shipbuilding
Industry for England. They also relied heavily on the ocean with fishing, whaling,
and trading.

N.E. Forests
Trees were plenty and because it was used to make homes and ships this
specific Industry exploded.

N.E. Oceans
Their most important fish was Cod, it was eaten and exported to Europe and
West Indies. Whale oil was used for lamps and lubricants. By 1700 there were over
2000 exclusive fishing boats.

N.E. Shipbuilding
Shipbuilding was one of the only exceptions to manufacturing in the
Americas. Important shipbuilding yards were in Boston, Newport, New York, and
Philadelphia. They had good wages that brought European shipbuilders over to NE.
IN 1775 over 30% of the British Merchant Fleet was American Manufactured. Money
earned in the ship building industry was second only to Tobacco.

Social Family Structure

Richest occupations were the Merchants in the North and Middle, and the
plantation owners in the South. Most women did work that complimented the work
of the husband. At 12 children started to do apprentice type work in homes or fields.
Unmarried women were subjected to household work.

Iroquois
Had a Matrilineal family structure. That was the mother daughter relationship
was the most important.

English Goods served for 80-140% more in Colonies

This was due to transportation and shipping costs

1704 Rice and Molasses added to first acts of Trade and Navigation

1720-1775 Scotch-Irish and German Immigration

1732 Hat Act of 1732

1733 Molasses Act of 1733

1740 Piracy eliminated in West Atlantic

The fall of piracy was paralleled by removing ship armaments and reducing
crew size.

1747 Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act

Increased the value of Tobacco. Aimed to improve the quality of tobacco and
exports.

1751 West Indies and North America trade

The trade between the two was very successful because they were close and
could adjust to fluctuations quickly.

1751 Currency Act

1763 End of French Indian War

1763 Royal Proclamation of 1763

1764 Sugar Act of 1764

1764 Restraining Act of 1764

1765 Stamp Act of 1765

1765 Stamp Act Congress

1765 Quartering Act of 1765

1766 Declaratory Act of 1766

1767 Townshend Acts

1770s Farming
By the late 1700s 90% of people living in America earned their living as
farmers.

1773 Tea Act of 1773

1773, December 16th Boston Tea Party

1774 Intolerable Acts

1774 Quebec Act of 1774

1774, October 14 Continental Congress provides a list of Grievances

Picture of the title of the grievences.

1775 People multiplied

People multiplied more than any other society in recorded history. The growth
changed from 250,000 which was in 1700 to 250,000,000 people.

1775, April 19 Shots heard around the world

1776, July 4 Independence Declared