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De la WIKIPEDIA, enciclopedia liber

De la WIKIPEDIA, enciclopedia liber

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Pest Problems

http://www.buglogical.com/pest-problems/
Home > Pest Problems

Beneficial Nematodes
Japanese
Beetles

Ants
Ladybugs , Green
Lacewings , Aphidoletes ,Aphidius ,
Praying Mantis , Orius (Minute
Pirate Bugs) , Garden Variety Pack
Aphids

Beneficial Nematodes

Beneficial Nematodes
June
Beetles

Army
Worms

Beneficial
Nematodes , Trichogramma , Orius
(Minute Pirate Bugs) , Green
Lacewings
Leaf
Beetles

Beneficial Nematodes
Leafhopper
s

Bark Beetles

Beneficial Nematodes
Leafworms

Beetles

Ladybugs , Trichogramma , Ori

us (Minute Pirate
Bugs) , Green Lacewings

Mealy Bugs

Billbugs

Mosquito Dunks , Praying Mantis

Beneficial Nematodes
Mole
Cricket

Black Fly
Larvae
Trichogramma , Ladybugs , Orius
(Minute Pirate Bugs) , Green
Lacewings

Beneficial Nematodes
Mormon
Cricket

Trichogramma , Orius (Minute

Pirate Bugs) ,Green Lacewings

Mosquito Dunks , Praying

Mantis
Mosquitoes

Caterpillars

Bumblebees (Bombus
impatiens)

Beneficial Nematodes
Cinch Bugs

Beneficial
Nematodes , Ladybugs

Cryptolaemus , Ladybugs , Gre

en Lacewings

Beneficial Nematodes

Bollworms

Beneficial Nematodes

Natural
Pollination

Codling
Moths

Beneficial
Nematodes , Trichogramma , Orius
(Minute Pirate Bugs) , Green
Lacewings

Beneficial Nematodes
Pine Beetle

Beneficial Nematodes
Colorado
Potato
Beetle

Beneficial Nematodes
Root
Weevils

Beneficial Nematodes
Cucumber
Beetles

Beneficial Nematodes
Rootworm

Trichogramma , Beneficial
Nematodes , Orius (Minute Pirate
Bugs) , Green Lacewings
Cutworms

Ladybugs , Green
Lacewings , Praying Mantis
Scale
Insects

Beneficial Nematodes

Decollate Snails
Snails and
Slugs

Flea Beetles

Beneficial Nematodes
Soil
Dwelling
Pests

Fleas

Beneficial Nematodes , Fly Parasite

Predators
Flies

Beneficial Nematodes

Spider
Mites

P. persimilis, M. longipes, N.
californicus ,Green
Lacewings , Praying
Mantis ,Garden Variety Pack

Trichogramma , Orius (Minute

Pirate Bugs) ,Green Lacewings

Beneficial Nematodes
Squash
Bugs

Fruit-Worms

Hypoaspis , Beneficial Nematodes

Fungus
Gnats

Beneficial Nematodes
Termites

Hypoaspis , Beneficial Nematodes

Thrips

Gall Gnats

Nosema Iocustae bait

Grasshopper
s

Amblyseius Cucumeris , Orius

(Minute Pirate
Bugs) , Hypoaspis , Ladybugs ,
Garden Variety Pack

Beneficial Nematodes
Vine
Weevils

Aphidius , Ladybugs

Beneficial Nematodes
White
Grubs

Green Peach
Aphid

Beneficial Nematodes
Grubs

Delphastus pusillus
Delphastus
Home > Biological Solutions > Delphastus

Whitefly

Encarsia
Formosa , Delphastus , Green
Lacewings , Orius (Minute
Pirate Bugs)

http://www.buglogical.com/delphastus/

This tiny predaceous beetle is being developed for whitefly control. It works best at high
population levels of whitefly, higher than most growers would find acceptable within a crop.
The adults must feed on at least 10 whitefly eggs per day in order to continue their own egg
production. Both the adult and larval stages feed on whiteflies. Introduction rates range
from 1 Delphastus per infested plant or 5-10 per 10 square feet. Delphastus alone will not
be able to reduce whitefly populations to acceptable levels. A program involving Encarsia as
well will likely be necessary.
Whitefly Predatory Beetle -Delphastus pusillus

Product ID : DP10
Price: $89.50
Select the size
Delphastus pusillus is a small native from Florida with a wide distribution across the central
and southern U.S. It is also found in Central America, the Caribbean and in South America
as far south as Peru. D. pusillus attacks all species and stages of whiteflies, but prefers eggs
and nymphs. The adults are small (1/16 inch), shiny, black beetles. They are strong fliers
that will immigrate into areas that contain high densities of whiteflies. D. pusillus responds
to odors emitted by immature whiteflies, so it can find congregations of them easily among
the foliage. The beetles tend to fly around more on overcast days. Female beetles live for
about 2 months, during which time they lay 3 to 4 eggs per day. (Male beetles live for 1
month.) They generally lay their eggs within clusters of whitefly eggs, which makes it easier
for the young larvae to find a food source. The eggs are 0.2 mm long, clear and twice as
long as they are wide. The elongate larvae are pale yellow. Each instar lasts 1-3 days. D.
pusillus pupates on lower leaves, in leaf litter, or in other protected locations, often in
groups. The pupa stage lasts approximately 6 days. Newly emerged adults are pale-brown
to almost white. They eventually turn black with a brown head. Development from egg to
adult takes approximately 3 weeks at 80-85-F. Both larvae and adults are active predators
that can consume numerous eggs or nymphs each day. An adult Delphastus takes no longer
than half a minute to handle a whitefly egg, and devours up to 160 eggs or 12 large nymphs
daily. A larva consumes 1000 whitefly eggs (less if it also eats whitefly nymphs) during its
entire development. Adults and larvae feed by piercing the insect with their mouthparts and
alternately sucking and regurgitating the internal contents to digest and consume it. Adult
females feed more on eggs and first instars than on later stages. Delphastus performs best
at temperatures between 65 and 90-F and when relative humidity is above 70%. Beetle
searching, feeding, and egg laying may be inhibited by plants with dense trichomes (hairs).

Therefore this natural enemy may not be suitable for use against whiteflies on some plants,
such as many varieties of tomato. In addition, adult movement is inhibited by excessive
amounts of honeydew produced by the whiteflies. Beetles are slowed down or trapped in the
sticky exudate. Delphastus has the potential to decimate large populations of whiteflies in
the greenhouse since a single beetle can consume 10,000 whitefly eggs in its
lifetime. However, since adult female beetles must feed on over 200 eggs per day in order
to reproduce; these beetles are unlikely to persist when whitefly numbers are low.
Delphastus can be used in conjunction with other biological control organisms. Both adult
and larval beetles avoid feeding on whitefly nymphs parasitized by wasps such as Encarsia
when the wasps are in later stages of development. In some experiments whitefly control
was better when the beetle was released simultaneously with a wasp, than when the natural
enemies were released alone. Delphastus, which is commercially available, is normally
shipped as adults, often in a tube filled with shredded paper or other cushioning material.
Upon arrival, these predators should be released immediately; although the beetle can be
stored briefly at 59-68-F. Releases should be made in the early morning or evening (dusk)
near areas of high whitefly populations. Delphastus is most effective at high whitefly
densities, so it may be of limited benefit in greenhouses where whitefly populations are kept
at low population levels by other means. But even in these situations it can be used as a
rescue treatment to help suppress "hot spots" where whitefly colonies are increasing.

Decollate Snails
Decollate Snails
http://www.buglogical.com/decollate-snails/

Not available in California north of the Tehachapi Mountains.

THE DECOLLATE SNAIL IS A PREDATOR OF SLUGS AND BROWN GARDEN
SNAILS. Control infestations of small and medium brown garden snails with decollate
snails. Decollates also eat old leaf mulch, but they do not eat healthy plants. During the day
Decollates live in the first few inches of moist top soil, leaf mulch or under rocks. As the sun
goes down they come out to hunt your slugs and snails. Decollates move about the garden
looking for the egg masses of the slugs and snails, and attacking the smaller brown garden
snail. A Decollate snail lives for about 2 years and lays about 200 eggs a year. Once it is
released and working it is most often the last time you will ever need to spend money to
fight the brown garden snail. Over a period of time your slugs and snails will be brought

under control without the use of poisonous chemicals. The snails will be dormant when you
receive them.
RELEASING INSTRUCTIONS....
If the Decollate snails are dormant and not moving around, then place them in a pan or
bucket and run cool water over them for 2-3 minutes. Drain off the water and place them in
a moist, shady area where brown snails are present. Decollate snails will burrow into the soil
for the winter. Allow time for them to work; it may take up to 2 years for heavy brown snail
problems to be eradicated. Obviously this is a long term investment requiring patience and
diligence, but the reward is a permanent depression of the snail population. In time it will
nearly eliminate the brown snail population. To facilitate the process, disperse the decollate
snails in several locations where organic matter is plentiful. Use about 100 per normal size
yard or 1000 per acre.
Decollate Snails -Rumina decollata

Product is out of stock

Garden Ladybugs
Garden Ladybugs
Home > Biological Solutions > Garden Ladybugs
http://www.buglogical.com/garden-ladybugs/
Ladybugs for controlling pests in your garden are the most popular and widely
used beneficial insects for commercial and home use. Ladybugs are capable of
consuming up to 50 to 60 aphids per day but will also eat a variety of other insects
and larvae including scales, mealy bugs, leaf hoppers, mites, and various types of
soft-bodied insects. Ladybugs, also called lady beetles or ladybird beetles, are a
very beneficial group of insects. Ladybugs are natural enemies of many insect
pests and it has been demonstrated that a single ladybug may consume as many
as 5,000 aphids in its lifetime.
Ladybugs

Garden Insects Variety Pack

Product ID : LBP10
Price: $39.45
The Garden Variety 1500 Ladybugs, and 1,000 Green lacewing eggs, and Two Praying
mantis egg cases.
Garden Deluxe Variety 1500 Ladybugs, 1,000 Green lacewing eggs, Two Praying mantis
egg cases, and 5 Mil. HB & SC Nematodes mixed.
Ladybugs will feed on other pests, but are best known to eliminate aphid populations, and
are one of the most active predators. They search all day from dawn to dusk for food.
Ladybugs are shipped in the adult stage and is one of the most effective economically
important insect predator known.

When you buy ladybugs from almost any other source they have been hauled all around the
United States from 2 to 3 different companies. It is best to order fresh healthy ladybugs and
have them delivered directly to you from a reliable source. This stresses out the ladybugs,
robbing them of their vigor, aphid eating and reproduction capabilities. Other ladybugs may
travel an extra 900 to 4,000 miles over 3 to 5 days or more before they reach you! Our
ladybugs are shipped FedEx next day delivery or FedEx second day delivery, your choice.

Ladybug eggs are football-shaped and orange in color and laid in circular clusters of 3-20 on
the underside of leaves. Each female can lay 10-50 eggs daily. The larve consume up to 400
aphids at a rate of 50-60 aphids a day in later stages. If food supplies are short they will
cannibalize each other. Larvae live for three weeks before pupating.
After 2-5 days adults emerge and continue to feed. Pollen and nectar are necessary for
maturation of newly emerged lady bug adults, particularly before a winter hibernation
season. Adults can survive on pollen and nectar for limited periods, but a supply of aphids
or other prey is necessary for egg production.
Pests Attacked
Most lady beetles found on crops and in gardens are aphid predators. Some species prefer
only certain aphid species while others will attack many aphid species on a variety of crops.
Some prefer mite or scale species. If aphids are scarce, lady beetle adults and larvae may
feed on the eggs of moths and beetles, and mites, thrips, and other small insects, as well as
pollen and nectar. They may also be cannibalistic. Because of their ability to survive on
other prey when aphids are in short supply, lady beetles are particularly valuable natural
enemies.
Life Cycle
Within a year, there can be as many as 5-6 generations of ladybugs as the average time
from egg to adult only takes about 3-4 weeks. In the spring, adults find food and then the
females lay anywhere from 50-300 eggs. The tiny eggs are yellow & oval shaped and are
usually found in clusters of 10-50, near aphid colonies. The eggs take 3-5 days to hatch and
the larvae voraciously feed on aphids for 2-3 weeks before they pupate into adults.
In the fall, adults hibernate in plant refuse and crevices. They often do this in mass where
several hundred adults will gather at the base of a tree, along a fence row or under a rock.
They especially like areas where leaves protect them from cold winter temperatures. Like all
beetles, the lady beetles have a complete metamorphosis with distinct egg, larval, pupal,
and adult stages. Adults of one common species, the Convergent Lady Beetle (Hippodamia
convergens), spend the winter in protected hiding places such as logs, buiIdings, ground
covering vegetation, and the like, where many hundreds of individuals may cluster together.
With the onset of spring the adults leave their winter homes and fly to fields and yards
where mating takes place. The females deposit the eggs in clusters of up to a dozen per
mass. The larvae hatch from the eggs in about a week and immediately start to consume
aphids or other appropriate food. In a little less than a month they pupate and the pupal
period lasts only about one week. When the adults emerge they too feed on aphids, but as
fall approaches they may eat some pollen which supplies fat for winter hibernation.
Attracting Ladybugs in the Garden
Apart from aphids, ladybugs also require a source of pollen for food and are attracted to
specific types of plants. The most popular ones have umbrella shaped flowers such as
fennel, dill, cilantro, caraway, angelica, tansy, wild carrot & yarrow. Other plants that also
attract ladybugs include cosmos (especially the white ones), coreopsis, and scented
geraniums, dandelions.
When you are home, put the bag in a cool place (refrigerator) until late in the day or early
morning. Do not release the ladybugs during the heat of the day or while the sun is shining.
Sprinkle or irrigate the area before releasing, so the ladybugs will have a drink of water
after their journey.
Being wild creatures, ladybugs will leave if they don't like their new home. You may have to
experiment to provide the right environment for them. As I mention above, it is important
to release the ladybugs in the evening or later because they will not fly at night and need a
settling down period after being handled.

When releasing, gently scatter or spread them out so each ladybug can find food
immediately. To help ensure the success of your program, there are many ways you can
improve the habitat for beneficial insects. One of these is to keep moisture levels high, as
many beneficials require high humidity or ready access to free water droplets. High humidity
is more easily maintained by having plants close together. The garden or field should have
various lowering plants to provide nectar and pollen for adult beneficial insects. In general,
a mixture of closely-growing plants and flowers will greatly benefit both native and
beneficial insects. This should result in higher productivity for your organic garden or farm.
Ladybugs are also called lady beetles or ladybird beetles, are natural enemies of many
insect pests and it has been demonstrated that a single lady beetle may consume as many
as 5,000 aphids in its lifetime.
Apart from planting attractive plants in the garden, you can also promote ladybug
populations by elimination of spraying insecticides. Not only are ladybugs sensitive to most
synthetic insecticides, but if the majority of their food source is gone, they won't lay their
eggs in your garden. As difficult as it may be, allowing aphids to live on certain plants is
necessary to ensure that there is enough food for ladybugs. In addition, resist the urge to
squish bugs & eggs in the garden, unless you're certain that they are not beneficial.
RELEASE INSTRUCTIONS:
When you are home, put the bag in a cool place (refrigerator) until late in the day or early
morning. Do not release the ladybugs during the heat of the day or while the sun is shining.
Sprinkle or irrigate the area before releasing, so the ladybugs will have a drink of water
after their journey.
Being wild creatures, ladybugs will leave if they don't like their new home. You may have to
experiment to provide the right environment for them. As I mention above, it is important
to release the ladybugs in the evening or later because they will not fly at night and need a
settling down period after being handled.
When releasing, gently scatter or spread them out so each ladybug can find food
immediately. To help ensure the success of your program, there are many ways you can
improve the habitat for beneficial insects. One of these is to keep moisture levels high, as
many beneficials require high humidity or ready access to free water droplets. High humidity
is more easily maintained by having plants close together. The garden or field should have
various lowering plants to provide nectar and pollen for adult beneficial insects. In general,
a mixture of closely-growing plants and flowers will greatly benefit both native and
beneficial insects. This should result in higher productivity for your organic garden or farm.
Ladybugs are also called lady beetles or ladybird beetles, are natural enemies of many
insect pests and it has been demonstrated that a single lady beetle may consume as many
as 5,000 aphids in its lifetime.

Beneficial Nematodes
Beneficial Nematodes
Home > Biological Solutions > Beneficial Nematodes
http://www.buglogical.com/beneficial-nematodes/

Beneficial Nematodes -For Pest Insects

Beneficial nematodes seek out and kill all stages of harmful soil-dwelling insects. They can
be used to control a broad range of soil-inhabiting insects and above-ground insects in their
soil-inhabiting stage of life. More than 200 species of insect pests from 100 insect families
are susceptible to these insect predators.
They are a natural and effective alternative to chemical pesticides, and have no detrimental
affect on non-target species such as ladybugs, earth worms and other helpful garden
insects.Finally, there is no evidence that parasitic nematodes or their symbiotic bacteria can
develop in vertebrates. This makes nematode use for insect pest control safe and
environmentally friendly. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has
ruled that nematodes are exempt from registration because they occur naturally and require
no genetic modification by man.
Beneficial nematodes can be applied anytime during the year when soil-dwelling insects are
present and soil tempertures are above 45-F during the day. Beneficial nematodes seek out
and kill over 200 pest insects in the soil.They are a natural effective alternative to chemical
pesticides. Beneficial nematodes are formulated and applied as infective juveniles, the
environmentally tolerant free living stage that attacks the insect. Ther are several species
and strains that are specialized for particular host insects. It is important to choose the right
species for the job. Please review these nematode types for your selection. Steinernema
carpocapsae, and Feltiae uses an "ambush" strategy as they wait for an insect host to move
by, and therefore works well against pests that are moving around the soil surface. The
Heterorhabditids bacteriophora do well against soil pests that are not as mobile because
these nematodes are "cruisers", they actively search for hosts deeper in the soil.
10 Million nematodes, Garden Size: will treat up to 3,200 sq.ft.
50 Million nematodes will treat up to 1/2 acre.
100 million nematodes will treat up to an acre.

Green Lacewing
Green Lacewing
Home > Biological Solutions > Green Lacewing

http://www.buglogical.com/green-lacewing/

Green Lacewing - Chrysoperia carnea

The green lacewing is another one of the most effective predatory insect known.
THE "APHID LION" After a few days, the eggs hatch and tiny larvae emerge which are
also known as"aphid lions" because of their voracious appetite. There is no other better
predator known to consume vast quantities of eggs and the soft bodies of aphids, mealybugs, spider mites, leafhopper nymphs, caterpillar eggs, scales, thrips, and white-flies. The
lacewing larvae attack the eggs of most pests and, if the bodies are not to hard and fast
moving, will attack the adult pest stage as well.
Use lacewing eggs/larvae for greenhouses and gardens. Larvae will only feed for 1-3 weeks
before they become adults (eating only nectar and honeydew). Use approximately 10
lacewing eggs/larvae per plant or 1000 eggs per 200 square feet. After a few days, the eggs
hatch and tiny larvae emerge. The larvae are gray-brown in color and newly hatch are very
tiny. Similar in appearance to an alligator with pincers, the lacewing larvae vigorously
attacks its prey, injects a paralyzing venom, and draws out the body fluids of its helpless
victim. Depending on climate conditions, the adults will live for about four to six weeks,
feeding only on nectar, pollen and honeydew. If these food sources are not avalable, it will
simply leave the area and lay its eggs elsewhere.
Green lacewing eggs are shipped in bran or rice hulls and packed with moth eggs for food.
The best time to release is early morning or later afternoon. Never release in the heat of the
day. For best results, immediate use is advised however, when release is inconvenient, they
can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 48 hours. Warmer temperatures will speed up
their emergence and newly hatched lacewing larvae are hungry and will cannibalize each
other if they are not released quickly.
If the infestation has not been arrested after 5 to 7 days, additional releases may be
necessary. When releasing on a regular schedule, change the release sites within the target
area to get maximum coverage.
Green Lacewing - Chrysoperia carnea

Product ID : GVP10
Price: $17.95

Spider mite predators

http://www.buglogical.com/spider-mite-predator/
spider mite predators
Home > Biological Solutions > Spider Mite Predator

Spider mite larvae, nymphs and adults feed on the underside of the leaves and cause
yellow spots,later even yellow leaves. Plant cells turn yellow, which can be seen on the
upper surface of the leaf as small yellow spots. This reduces the photosynthetic area of the
leaf and the plant gets out of the physiological balance. This results in decreased plant
growth and production. Finally the crop may die from the infestation. Nymphs and adults
produce webbing that can cause cosmetic damage to the crop. If large numbers of spider
mites are present, plants may be completely covered with webs.
Biological Control
Spider mites have many natural enemies, which limit their numbers in many landscapes and
gardens, especially when undisturbed by pesticide sprays. Some of the most important are
the predatory mites, including the Galendromus (=Metaseiulus) occidentalis, and persimilis
species. Predatory mites are about the same size as plant-feeding mites but have longer
legs and are more active. The purchase and release of predatory mites can be useful in
establishing populations in large plantings or orchards, but the best results are obtained by
creating favorable conditions for naturally occurring predatorsfor instance, by avoiding
dusty conditions and pesticide sprays. The major predator mites commercially available for
release are the western predatory mite and Phytoseiulus. The western predatory mite is
more effective under hot, dry conditions. These predators do not feed on foliage or become
pests; thus if pest mites are not available when predatory mites are released, the predators
starve or migrate elsewhere. If you wish to establish predators in a heavily infested orchard
or garden that has few predators, use a soap spray to bring pest mites to a lower level and
then release predatory mites. A good guideline is that one predator is needed for every ten

spider mites to provide control. More than one application of predatory mites may be
required if you want to reduce pest populations rapidly. Concentrate releases in hot spots
where spider mite numbers are highest. Once established on perennials, predatory mites
may reproduce and provide biological control indefinitely without further augmentation
unless nonselective insecticides are applied that kill the predators.
Release rates:
- For tomatoes and cucumbers, 1 predator per plant plus 1-2 per infested leaf.
- For other greenhouse crops, tropical plants, and outdoor gardens, 2,000 per 3,000 sq. ft.
- For bedding plants, 1,000 per 10,000 sq. ft.
- For large agri-business, 5,000 - 20,000 per acre depending on infestation.
Triple Blend Predatory Spider Mites

Product ID : PLC10
Price: $48.50
Spider Mite Control - Longipes

Product ID : ML10
Price: $42.50
Spider Mite Control - Occidentalis

Product ID : GO10
Price: $42.50
Spider Mite Control - Persimilis

Product ID : PP10

Price: $42.50
Spider Mite Predator- Amblyseius californicus

Product ID : NAB5
Price: $59.85
Phytoseiulus persimilis This bright orange predator is native to the tropics of South America.
It does best in a humid environment of 60 to 90% relative humidity. Does best where
tempertures remain below 90 degrees F. Persimilis is sensitive to high tempertures and low
relative humidity. A humidity of 60% or lower has a negative effet on the hatching of the
eggs and the development of Persimilis. If spider mite problems occur in a hot and dry
environment, Longipes or Californicus will provide better control than Persimilis. Persimilis
can reduce spider mite population to very low numbers in two to three weeks. Since
Persimilis are faster and stronger than their prey they easily catch and eat them. When
released they smell their prey, then move quickly throughout the plant. Persimilis work best
from tempertures of 50 t0 90 degrees F. They then die from lack of food. In situations
where the pest reinfest the plants, we suggest introducing persimilis every 3 to 5 weeks or
introducing either Occidentalis or Californicus in combination with Persimilis.
Galendromus occidentalis is a very versatile mite predator and tolerates high temperatures
low and high humidity (40-85%) well, both indoors and out. Does best in warm weather
(80 to 110 F). Tolerates low humidity of inland valleys. Does not do well in cool coastal
areas. Goes into diapause (hibernation) in colder temperatures. Recommended for
greenhouses only if plants are maintained as low as 40% relative humidity. It is native to
California and has ben researched for spider mite control in almonds, grapes, and many
other ornamentals and plants. This predator is well adapted for outdoor use and can
perform in hot situations where humidity remains above 40%. Use G. occidentalis to control
spider mites, two spotted mites, Russet mites, and others on gardens, greenhouses, and
orchards of all types. Adults eat 1-3 pest adults or up to 6 pest eggs/day. Release rates
indoors, 2-3/sq. ft. bi-weekly, 1-2 applications; outdoors, 5,000-20,000/acre, bi-weekly, 1-2
applications.
Neoseiulus californicus predatory mites consume their prey at a more leisurely pace than do
their friends Mesoseiulus longipes and Phytoseiulus persimilis, one adult or a few eggs per
day, they can survive longer under starvation conditions and can also live on a diet of
pollen. In plants where it is very hard to detect the first spider mites, Californicus may be
introduced preventatively, Completes a generation in one to two weeks depending on
temperature (12 days at 64 F, 4 days at 90 F). The female lays about 3 eggs per day for
two weeks and lives about 20 days. At 77 F the female can consume 5.3 spidermite eggs
per day. Does best in warm humid conditions, but will also tolerate low humidity (40% 80% RH at 50 - 105F). Occurs along coast and inland valleys of California. Californicus is
more resistant to chemical pesticide. Avoid using any pesticide one week prior or one week
after releasing predators. STORAGE: Highly perishable, should be used immediately upon
delivery. If storage is absolutely necessary, refrigerate at 40-50 F. (6-10 C). Not to
exceed 2 days, to minimize mortality. They are not canabalistic and survive shipping very

well. Release 1 - 4 per plant or 1 - 2 per square foot in greenhouses at the first sign of
spidermites. Use 25,000 per acre in field. Later releases will require much higher numbers
to be effective. Releases of californicus can be made when Spider mites are present and
laying eggs. even if no spider mites have been found yet. N. californicus can tolerate low
humidity and ideal temperatures 60-90 degrees F. Can tolerate temperatures up to 105
degrees F. Works great in gardens, greenhouses and indoor potted plants.
Mesoseiulus longipes is similar to P. persimilis but can tolerate lower humidity 40% at 70
degrees F. but requires higher humidity as tempertures increase. M. longipes are effective in
temperatures up to 100 degrees F, although a comparable increase in humidity is required.
Apply these predators in warm greenhouses and interiorscapes with artificial lighting. The
lifespan of the adults, the form in which they are shipped, is 34 days. Release rates indoors,
3/sq. ft. bi-weekly, 1-2 times; outdoors, 5,000-20,000/acre, bi-weekly, 1-2 times.
Neoseiulus fallacis
N. fallacis predator is similar to N. Californicus but is more effective in northern climates on
Mint, Hops and Strawberries.
Reproduces at lower temperatures than other predatory mites (P.persimilis)
Resistant to more pesticides than most biological controls
Survive in the absence of mite prey by feeding on other small arthropods and pollen
Target Pests:
Neoseiulus fallacis are known to control the European Red Mite (Panonychus ulmi) below
economic thresholds in fruit orchards. Also targets Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus
urticae), Spruce Spider Mite (Oligonychus ununguis) and Southern Red Mite (Oligonychus
ilicis).
Description:
Neoseiulus fallacis is a native predatory mite that feeds on spider mites, rust mites and
small insects. It is one of the most important biological control agents in North American
berry and orchard crops. Adults have pear-shaped bodies, 0.l5mm long; they are tan to
light orange in color, shiny, with long legs. Immature predators are cream colored and semitransparent. Their eggs are oval and 0.3mm long.

Aphytis Melinus Red Scale Parasite

Aphytis Melinus Red Scale Parasite
Home > Biological Solutions > Aphytis Melinus
Red Scale Parasite (Aphytis melinus) California red scale is the favorite prey of these
parasitic wasps, although citrus red scale, oleander scale, San Jose scale, ivy scale, and
citrus yellow scale are other prey. Aphytis are shipped as adults, and the adult females lay
their eggs in red scale. The larvae consume their host, and each A. melinus kills more than
30 scale insects. The adult parasites live approximately 26 days and will also dine on
honeydew. Ideal conditions for control are 76-85 degrees F, relative humidity 40-50 percent
1 Item(s)

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Aphytis melinus red scale parasite

Product ID : AM10-Aphytis Melinus

Price: $39.95

Description: Aphytis melinus is a small light yellow parasitic wasp about 1mm in size. The
wasp parasitizes various types of armored scale. The wasp lays eggs under the waxy scale
covering, created by the scale. The parasite larvae develop under the scale covering. The
window for female control is during the second and third instars of development while she is
a virgin. The male's window is during the second instar and pre-pupae development. It is
during these developmental stages that the scale is not affixed to host plant thus allowing
the parasites to get under the scale. In some cases the scale is killed by adult hosts feeding
on them. Once the scale is parasitized it looks dried out and when examined closely may
have dark spots. Life Cycle: At 80 F Aphytis take 13-18 days to develop from egg to adult.
Adults live for approximately 10-16 days (up to 25) and deposit 6-8 eggs daily. Product
Information: Aphytis melinus are shipped in cups. Introduction Rates: General: It is best to
release Aphytis melinus in 1-3 week intervals upon detection of scale until low scale
numbers are observed. Scale mergence usually occurs in spring. Optimal release conditions
are between 60-88 F. Orchards: The optimum time for augmentative releases would be
the seven-week period from mid-March through the first week in May. During this time the
scale population is still at an ebb after coming through the winter and yet weather
conditions are generally warm enough to be conducive to releases of our insectary-reared
parasites. In addition, at this time of year the Aphytis should be able to produce three
generations during one generation of scale development. 1-2 cups per acre is for moderate
infestations. Release on shaded side of tree during temperatures below 90 F. Release
parasites every fifth to sixth tree every fifth to sixth row starting at a different row each
release. An open cup may be left in a tree or applicator may walk through the rows
releasing at will for rapid dispersal. The use of a summer oil spray to reduce high number of
scale 2-3 weeks prior to parasite release is also helpful. Interiorscapes: On established scale
sites it can take up to 2-3 months for complete control. Release Aphytis at 1-3 week
intervals until scale levels are low. Once low levels are achieved 1-3 releases per year
should maintain control. The release rates depend on the host plants. A simple guideline is
5-10 wasps per infested plant. Parasites should be released by waiving cup around infested
plants 2-3 times. Release at dusk or when windows are covered so that the Aphytis will find
infested plants quicker. If infestation levels are high apply insecticidal soap 2-3 weeks prior
to release. Wash off Honeydew from plants just before release. Ant control is of paramount
importance in all applications! For Best Results: Use wasps within 1 day of receiving your
order. If necessary store in a cool dark place (60F.) until use. Do not refrigerate. Aphytis
viability decreases rapidly with prolonged storage. Using Pesticides: Insecticidal soaps are
harmful to all stages of Aphytis, but have no residual effect. Oil sprays Bacillus thuringiensis
and Sabadilla are compatible. If harsh toxic pesticides must be used, Aphytis should be re
introduced in 4 weeks after application.

Praying Mantid - Tenodera aridifolia sinensis

http://www.buglogical.com/praying-mantis/
Praying Mantid - Tenodera aridifolia sinensis
Home > Biological Solutions > Praying Mantis

3 Praying Mantis egg cases $ 18.95. 5 Praying Mantis egg cases $ 23.95.
10 Praying Mantis egg cases $ 33.95. 15 Praying Mantis egg cases $ 46.10.
This adored insect, praying mantis is a general predator of most pest insects, mites, eggs,
or any insect in reach. Each egg case contains approximately 200 baby mantids. Use 3
cases per 5,000 square feet or 10-100 cases per year per acre. Attract to twigs, leaves,
fences, and other vegetation. Praying mantis egg cases may also be placed in the crotch of
a bush or tree. Do not place on ground, as they become easy prey for ants. Releases can
begin after the last frost and continue through summer.
The Praying mantis is a most interesting and enjoyable beneficial insect to have around the
garden and farm. It is the only known insect that can turn its head and look over its
shoulder. Mantis lie in wait for their food and when close enough, snap it up with a lightning
movement of their strong forelegs. Measurements of their reflexes show they react more
than 2 times quicker than houseflies. Mantis have enormous appetites, eating various
aphids, leafhoppers, mosquitoes, caterpillars and other soft-bodied insects when young.
Later they will eat larger insects, beetles, grasshoppers, crickets, and other pest insects.
These ferocious-looking praying mantises actually make great pets. Some will even eat raw
meat and insects from your fingers. With plenty to eat they usually will not stray far. If
handled properly they don't bite.
Praying Mantis - Tenodera aridifolia sinensis

Product ID : PRM-01

Price: $18.95
The praying mantis is named for its prominent front legs, which are bent and held together
at an angle that suggests the position of prayer. The larger group of these insects is more
properly called the praying mantis. Mantis refers to the genus mantis, to which only some
praying mantis belong. By any name, these fascinating insects are formidable predators.
They have triangular heads poised on a long "neck," or elongated thorax. Mantis can turn
their heads 180 degrees to scan their surroundings with two large compound eyes and three
other simple eyes located between them. Typically green or brown and well camouflaged on
the plants among which they live, mantis lie in ambush or patiently stalk their quarry. They
use their front legs to snare their prey with reflexes so quick that they are difficult to see
with the naked eye. Their legs are further equipped with spikes for snaring prey and pinning
it in place. Moths, crickets, grasshoppers, flies, and other insects are usually the unfortunate
recipients of unwanted mantis attention. However, the insects will also eat others of their
own kind. The most famous example of this is the notorious mating behavior of the adult
female, who sometimes eats her mate just afteror even duringmating. Yet this behavior
seems not to deter males from reproduction. Females regularly lay hundreds of eggs in a
small case, and nymphs hatch looking much like tiny versions of their parents.
FOOD AND REARING:
Providing food for a mantid can easily be done by trapping flies or other insects, and
releasing them into the mantid's container; a wide-mouth jar covered with a net or screen
on top and a twig or branch inside the jar. Insects used for food must be alive and not much
bigger than the mantid. If the insect is too small, the mantid will consistently miss and be
unable to grasp the prey. Mantids will eat insects dangled from tweezers, and most mantids
will not except dead insects. Mantids in captivity do need additional water. Gently place a
small wet sponge inside the container every week. The mantids will gather the water off the
sponge.
Mantids in captivity do need additional water. Gently mist the container every week
depending on the humidity. The mantid will gather the water off the sides of the jar and its
body. Taking Care Cleaning Remove the dead insects from the bottom of the container. Long
forceps are best to minimize disturbance to the mantid. If the container needs to be
cleaned, gently remove the mantid and stick and place in spare, clean container while the
container is washed. Handling Mantids are delicate. They can be carefully handled by
allowing them to voluntarily walk onto your hand or finger. Mantids will sometimes strike out
and it can be very startling. Make sure not to drop the insect with alarm. Raising Young
Some adult female mantids will lay egg cases in the container. Continue to care for the
female as described. She may lay additional egg cases. After a period of time (varies with
species and season) the immature mantids will emerge from the egg case. They will eat
each other if additional prey is not provided. Small fruit flies are ideal for small mantids. You
can also remove the mantids and set them up in other containers. Other Concerns
Precautions Mantids eat often and finding food for lots of immature mantids may get to be
exhausting if you do not have a culture of fruit flies available. Do not release mantids
outside unless you are sure they are a species that lives in your area.
RELEASE INSTRUCTIONS:
Best results will be achieved by attaching the egg cases to a twig or a plant using a twistum
or wire tie, wrap around the egg case and tie it to a branch in warm location, filtered
sunlight. A hanging, swinging egg case is safer from birds and other predators. It will take
about 10 to 15 days of good continue warm weather for them to hatch.

When hatching the young will crawl from between the tiny flaps in the egg cases and hang
from silken threads about 2" below the case. After drying out the long legged young
disappear into the vegetation around the area, leaving little if any trace of their hatching.
This happens within an hour or two and it is difficult to know hatching has occured unless
the elusive, well camouflaged young are found. Use this valuable insect in
Adult Males and Females
Females usually have heavier abdomen and are larger than males.
Immature (different stages)
A distinct Styrofoam-like egg case protects Mantis eggs throughout the winter. Up to 200 or
more nymphs may emerge from the egg case. The nymphs look like adults except for size
and the sexual definition. Coloration and patterns in the nymph stage may be different than
the adult.
Natural History
Food
Praying mantis are highly predacious and feed on a variety of insects, including moths,
crickets, grasshoppers and flies. They lie in wait with the front legs in an upraised position.
They intently watch and stalk their prey. They will eat each other.
Habitat
Praying mantis are often protectively colored to the plants they live on. This camouflage
facilitates their predaceous behavior. Mantids are usually found on plants that have other
insects around. Some mantis live in grass. Winged adults may be attracted to black lights in
late summer and early fall.
Interesting Behaviors
The adult female usually eats the male after or during mating. Mantiss grasping response is
incredibly rapid, so that you see it before it catches the insect and when the insect is in its
front legs. The motion is barely a blur if it is perceived at all.
The compound eyes are capable of seeing images and colors. The three simple eyes perhaps
tell the differences between light and dark.. The simple eyes are arranged in a triangle
between the antennae. Compound eyes are made up of hundreds of facets constructed with
two lenses. These focus the light down on a light sensitive structure (rhabdome) which is
connected to the optic nerve.

Whitefly Control
http://www.buglogical.com/whitefly-control/
Whitefly Control
Home > Biological Solutions > Whitefly Control

EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF WHITEFLY

Encarsia was one of the first biological control agents developed. This minute (< 1mm, 1/25
inch long) parasitic wasp is probably tropical in origin. It does not sting humans.
With the exception of the adult, all stages of Encarsia occur within the whitefly host. Adults
are tiny wasps that lay eggs inside 2 week old whitfly scales (second and third whitfly larval
stages). Each egg will kill one whitefly scale. Adults lay up to 200 eggs. The parasite then
develops inside the whietfly scale, and midway through the development of Encarsia within
the whitefly, the scale turns dark. It becomes black for greenhouse whitefly, and transparent
brown for sweet potato whitefly.
This occurs after 10 days at normal greenhouse temperatures. Another 10 days is required
before adults emerge. Adult Encarsia emerge from the parasitized scale by chewing a hole in
the top of the scale.Adults also kill whitefly scales by direct feeding. Otherwise, they feed on
honeydew secreted by the whiteflies. Adults can live for 30 days but normally are active for
about 10 days. The complete life cycle requires nearly 28 days in commercial greenhouses.
Encarsia formosa

Product ID : EF10
Price: $23.95
METHOD OF APPLICATION
Encarsia are sold as black parasitized scales that have been fixed onto cards. Each card
contains 150 developeing parasites. A strip of 10 cards contains 1,500 Encarsia whitefly
parasites. It is important to hang the cards from lower leaves in the shade, and avoid
wetting them while watering. Apply 1-5 Encarsia per 10 square feet or 1-5 per infested
plant BI weekly or until control is achived. Double rates are necessary for the sweet potato
whitefly. For greenhouse tomatoes or sweet peppers, 1 Encarsia per 4 plants BI weekly. For
greenhouse cucumbers use 1 Encarsia per 2 plants BI weekly. Once the percentage of darkcolor, parasitized whitefly scales on leaves exceeds 80%, the numbers of Encarsia in the
greenhouse should limit further spread of greenhouse whitefly.
Description and Life Cycle of Whitefly
Whiteflies, both adults and eggs, are found on the underside of leaves. Adults are small grey
to white winged flies, measuring 1.25 2mm, and usually just live for a month. Each female

adult will lay up to 200 eggs on the underside of leaves, often in neat circles. These eggs
are initially white but darken to an almost black color before hatching into a nymph, which
will crawl around the leaf surface before settling to feed. The legs of the nymph then
degenerate and the nymph becomes an immobile scale, feeding for 2 weeks before
pupating. Adults emerge 10 days later and begin feeding immediately. The development
from egg to adult can be as rapid as 3 weeks at warm temperatures, but will take much
longer at lower temperatures.
How to Know if You Have Whitefly The Symptoms
The presence of the various species of whitefly is indicated by large amounts of sticky
honeydew and sooty molds on the upper surfaces of leaves, and by a yellow mottling where
the whitefly have fed. Whitefly can transmit several strains of plant viruses and
infested plants suffer from a lack of vigor.
Of the greenhouse crops, tomatoes and cucumbers are usually most severely infested,
although this pest will attack many other common glasshouse and houseplants. Also at risk
are cabbages, brussel sprouts and other brassicas, rhododendrons and azaleas.
Biological Control & Treatment of Whitefly
The parasitic wasp, encarsia formosa, has been used with great success to control whitefly
populations since 1926. Encarsia females lay eggs directly into the immobile whitefly scales
which remain white and develop normally until the encarsia pupates, turning the scale
black.
Although it is technically a wasp, it is very small and will not sting you.
The adult encarsia will emerge around 10 days later. The presence of encarsia formosa is
indicated by the black parasitized whitefly scales alongside the un-parasitized white scales.
Leaves containing black scales are introduced to the greenhouse environment, and under
ideal conditions the adults, when they emerge, can lay between 12-15 eggs per day. It is
important not to introduce an excessive number of encarsia formosa as they depend on the
whitefly scales to continue their life cycle.

Trichogramma
http://www.buglogical.com/trichogramma/

Trichogramma
Home > Biological Solutions > Trichogramma

Trichogramma Egg Wasps -Trichogramma sp.

Trichogramma Minutum, T.Platneri, T.Pretiosum, and T.brassicae on one card of 30 sq.
1 card = 100,000 eggs.
T. minutum - For ornamentals, orchards, grapes and trees where the protective zone
is five feet or more above ground level.
T. platneri - For avocados, ornamentals, orchards and grapes.
T. brassicae - For use on vegetable, orchards, gardens and field crops
T. pretiosum- Best in vegetable gardens where the protective zone is five feet or less
above ground level.
Trichogramma wasps are tiny parasites that attack the eggs of over 200 species of moths
and caterpillars. They are extremely small - 4 or 5 will fit on the head of a pin.
Trichogramma lays its eggs inside the eggs of moths preventing the moth egg from hatching
into a caterpillar. This prevents the damage caused by the feeding caterpillars, and also
breaks the life cycle of the pest, effectively preventing the pest from reproducing. In some
species of moth up to 5 parasite eggs may be laid in each moth egg. As the parasite
develops within the egg, it turns black, and after about 10 days, an adult Trichogramma
emerges. Adult Trichogramma can live up to 14 days after emergence.
Some of the common pests Trichogramma combat are: Cabbageworm, Tomato Hornworm,
Corn Earworm, Codling Moth, Cutworm, Armyworm, Webworm, Cabbage Looper, Corn Borer,
Fruitworms, and Cane Borers. Some of the popular hosts of T. brassicae mini-wasps are the
eggs of: the Gypsy moth, codling moth, diamondback moth, Oriental fruit moth, tomato
pinworms, cabbage loopers, imported cabbage worms, tent caterpillars, even the grossly
damaging tobacco/tomato hornworms.
Trichogramma brassicae wasps

Product ID : T.B10
Price: $28.95

Trichogramma minutum wasps

Product ID : TM10
Price: $29.85
Trichogramma platneri wasps

Product ID : T.PLAT10
Price: $29.85
Trichogramma pretiosum wasps

Product ID : TP30
Price: $29.85
Trichogramma pretiosum wasps

Product ID : TP10
Price: $29.85
Nature is brutal, but very effective. Trichogramma wasps are probably the most widely
released beneficial insect in the southwestern United States. It is used by smart growers of
fruit, vegetables and ornamentals to control caterpillar and worm pests on their crops. The
real beauty of this method of pest control is that the targeted pests can not develop a
resistance to trichogramma like it could when a chemical pesticide is used.
Trichogramma eats the pests there's no defense against that. Chemicals are as toxic to you
as they are to the pests, and often ineffective against the targeted pest due to resistance.

Instead of coating the garden with toxic substances, it seems logical to this goddess to have
trichogramma working round the clock. The bad guys don't stand a chance. When releasing
trichogramma into your garden, it is good to wait until the first signs of a caterpillar or
worm doing their business. This will ensure that you have a food source for the wasps when
they are released. Releasing trichogramma is very simple. When you purchase the insects,
they come to you as parasitized moth eggs. You just hang the little strips on a branch in the
vicinity of your caterpillar problem and forget about it. Trichogramma is on the job! The
wasp larvae kill pests before they damage plants by consuming their eggs. They are shipped
while still parasitized in the host egg. You receive what looks like a small piece of sandpaper
that has been inoculated with approximately 5,000 eggs. Trichogramma wasps protect
plants throughout the growing season. In general, regular releases of Trichogramma
ensures generations of mated females ready to attack moth eggs, and improves levels of
control. Releases should be started when moths are first detected. Although the
Trichogramma is minute, it can seasrch for moth eggs over considerable distances. 12,000
Trichogramma will treat up to 500 sq. ft. For orchards, field crops, etc. use 40,000 200,000 per acre on a weekly basis for 2-6 weeks during peak seasons. Release at peak egg
laying, when adult moths are seen flying. Visual inspection are necessary for maximum
effectiveness. Choose the species that suits your needs. Availability year-round.
Description: To describe Trichogramma wasps with one word: tiny. These wasps are one of
the smallest insects on the planet. One closely related genus, Megaphragma, is only 0.18
mm in length as a fully-grown adult. To put this in perspective, that is the size of some
bacteria! Even though they are small, they still look like wasps, miniature yellow jackets.
Trichogramma wasps have constricted abdomens, short antennae and raspberry colored
eyes with few facets. As with all wasps, Trichogramma wasps have two pairs of wings and
an ovipositor (stinger) on the females. The wings are unusual because they are short stalks
with long fringes of hair, instead of the typical membranous wing. Since these critters are so
small, not much is known to describe the eggs, larvae or pupae.
Life History: You might be asking now, Well, why are these things so small and why the
heck are they my friends if I cant even see them? Trichogramma wasps are small because
they are parasitoids of other insect eggs. Yes, there is actually a wasp out there that fully
develops to adulthood inside a thrips egg. Basically, here is a snapshot of the life of a
Trichogramma wasp. Adult wasps search for a host egg by smell. Most cues to find the host
are found by odors emitted by the actual host egg. For example, for Trichogramma that
parasitizes moth eggs, the adult wasps use odors from moth scales accidentally knocked off
while the moth was laying the eggs. Once the female has found a host egg, she probes it
with her ovipositor to determine a few things. She decides that it is an acceptable host only
if the host egg is fresh, healthy, and not parasitized by another wasp. If the egg is suitable,
she deposits her own egg inside that of the developing host egg. The wasp larva hatches
and begins to consume the egg yolk and insect embryo. After the egg is consumed and the
wasp completes its larval development, the larva pupates. Many times when the larvae of
Trichogramma wasps pupate, they cause the insect egg that they are living in to change in
color. In the case of Trichogramma that parasitize moth eggs, the moth egg usually changes
to a dark metallic blue. Once the pupal stage is completed, the new adult chews a hole
through the egg and emerges. When the adult is out, they immediately smell and inspect
the egg that they came from. This is how they find out what kind of cues or odors they
should be looking for to find the next host egg.
Beneficial Features: Trichogrammatids have been used in agriculture for many years to
control insect pests. Once they find an area where there are host eggs, they are very good
at parasitizing most of them. A tree right here in Bellingham, was infected severely with the
cherry bark tortrix. I observed that once Trichogramma wasps learned that there were a lot
of good eggs to eat on that tree, they parasitized 98% of the eggs by the end of the season!
They are extremely prolific under laboratory conditions and fairly easy to produce in large
quantities. In fact, the WSU and United States Department of Agriculture have produced

and released 200,000 Trichogramma wasps in North Western Washington to manage the
cherry bark tortrix.
Recruitment: If you have these guys working in your yard and gardens, you are blessed
with one the most unique (and common) beneficial insects out there. To keep them in your
yard, reduce pesticide usage if you can. Also since these wasps are so small, provide very
small flowers as a nectar source. Although, I am not sure that the adult wasps even eat
nectar, it cannot hurt to have these small flowers in your garden during this transition to
fall. Many other beneficial insects will appreciate it too. Mostly populations build in the late
season (like now) but it is important to have a population ready to go in early spring for
them to impact the pest populations. Get your hand lens out and scout around.

Mosquito Dunks
Mosquito Dunks
http://www.buglogical.com/mosquito-dunks/
Home > Biological Solutions > Mosquito Dunks

KILLS MOSQUITOES BEFORE THEY BECOME OLD ENOUGH TO BITE:

Kills mosquitoes for 30 days or longer when placed in standing water outdoors. Can be used
in bird baths, rain barrels, old automobile tires, ponds, ditches, unused swimming pools,
tree holes, flower pots, roof gutters or wherever water accumulates. The mosquito eggs are
very hardy and manage to live under almost all conditions. When the water temperature is
right, the eggs hatch and become mosquito larvae which swim around eating and growing.
In about a week they become full-grown mosquitoes and fly out of the water looking for
someone to bite. Mosquito Dunk float on water and will keep on working for 30 days or
longer and are completely biodegradable. While floating, they slowly release a natural
mosquito-killing biocontrol agent at the waters surface. This agent gradually settles in the
water where it is eaten by mosquito larvae growing there.
HOW MOSQUITO DUNKS WORK....
Mosquito Dunks can be used in all types of standing water sites where mosquito larvae grow
before becoming adults. Alternate wetting and drying will not reduce their effectiveness. To
prevent dunks from being washed away, anchor them using a string tied through the center
hole, or they can be staked in place. Mosquito dunks, a natural organic ingredient which kills
mosquito larvae feeding on it contain no poisonous chemicals and are harmless to other

living things. Each mosquito dunk treats 100 sq.ft of water surface regardless of depth.
Mosquito larvae will feed on them and will be killed continuously. You will then be rid of
biting adult mosquitoes for the entire season. Mosquito dunks, which dry out will start
working again when they become wet. Unused dunks will remain active indefinitely.
Mosquito Dunks

Product ID : MC10-2111
Price: $27.85

Nosema Locustae (Grasshopper Bait)

http://www.buglogical.com/nosema-locustae-grasshopper-bait/
Nosema Locustae (Grasshopper Bait)
Home > Biological Solutions > Nosema Locustae (Grasshopper Bait)

AN EXTRAORDINARY WAY TO CONTROL GRASSHOPPERS. This single-celled protozoan

infects and kills over 90 species of grasshoppers, locusts, and some species of crickets.
Nosema Iocustae is non-toxic to humans, livestock, wild animals, birds, fish, and pets.
Should be applied early in the season as over-wintering hoppers emerge. Apply 1-2 pounds
per acre, broadcasting around entire infected area as well as outlying areas such as drying
grasses and fields. A second application may be necessary to treat heavily infected areas 46 weeks later. Nosema is applied to large flake wheat bran which serves as a bait.
Grasshoppers are attracted to the bran because of its high protein content. After indigesting
the bait grasshoppers are infected with the Nosema. The Nosema grows and reproduces in
the fat bodies inside the grasshoppers, then begins destroying cells causing grasshoppers to
become lethargic, greatly reducing food consumption, and eventually death. In 7-10 days,

grasshoppers will begin to move slowly and their food consumption will begin to drop and
many may have died or should begin to die. After this time at least 50-60% of the
remaining grasshoppers should be infected to the point that they will not live to reproduce,
and 25-50% of the survivors will be infected. The disease is contagious and newly hatched
grasshoppers become infected by cannibalizing diseased grasshoppers in the area. A cycle is
then started and the disease continues throughout the fields and continue through new
hatches. Identified and developed by the United States Department of Agriculture during 20
years of research. Nosema was approved on large scale government grasshoppers control
programs, and has been successfully used on thousands of acres by private property owners
as well as county, state, and government agencies throughout the United States. It has also
been approved for usage overseas by U.S.A.I.D.
Biological Grasshopper Bait

Product ID : NL10
Price: $39.95

Amblyseius Cucumeris
http://www.buglogical.com/amblyseius-cucumeris/
Amblyseius Cucumeris
Home > Biological Solutions > Amblyseius Cucumeris

Cucumeris is the preferred predator for thrips control. They are tan colored mites found on
the underside of leaves along the viens or inside mature flowers.These mites are most
effective at preventing thrips build-up when applied early in the growing season at the first
sign of thrips.
NATURAL CONTROL OF THRIPS....

The life cycle of Cucumeris begins with small white eggs that can be seen attached to leaf
hairs along veins on the lower leaf surface. At 68 degrees F eggs hatch in about 3 days into
nonfeeding larvae that molt to nymphs after about 2 days. The 2 nymphal stages which last
7 days, as well as the adult stage which lasts up to 30 days feed on immature stages of
thrips. The adult female can lay up to 35 eggs in her lifetime. Adults can eat an average of 1
thrips per day and also feed on two-spotted mites and their eggs.
Establishment of Cucumeris requires 3-4 weeks, so they should be applied before thrip
problems develop. Because cucumeris feed on immature thrip stages a decrease in adult
thrip populations will not occur for about 3 weeks.
Amblyseius Cucumeris

Product ID : ACT10
Price: $49.85
Unit of packaging Neoseiulus cucumeris (predatory mite) Pack size: 1,000 ml bottle, 6,000
ml bucket Bottle contains: 25,000, 50,000, or 100,000 predatory mites (all stages) + some
grain mites (all stages) mixed with bran Bucket contains: 100,000 predatory mites (all
stages) + a lot of grain mites (all stages) mixed with bran Precautions Inhalation of product
may cause sensitization in case of mechanical application. Dust mask is recommended as
protection for operator and people working near place of application. Target Various thrips
species. Hatching eggs and the first larval stage. Predatory mites also eat spider mites (f.e.
strawberry mite, broad mite), several other mites, honeydew and pollen. Target
Pests: Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) also
Cyclamen, Broad and Rust mites. Product information: About 60% are female. Well-fed
females will lay up to 3 eggs per day for 35 days. Their eggs are round, transparent and
0.14mm (0.01 inch) in diameter and usually deposited on hairs on the underside of leaves.
Cucumeris adults and immatures are shipped with a bran carrier. They are available in two
types of packaging: Release Rates: Relatively high introduction rates are required because
thrips can reproduce nearly twice as fast as Cucumeris and Cucumeris only feed on
immature thrips, not adults. Rates will vary depending on crop and level of pest infestation.
Typical rate is 5 predators per square foot. Using bulk container 10-100 Cucumeris per plant
weekly as needed. As a starter culture for young plants, place 25 Cucumeris per plant at the
base of the stem Lifespan of Cucumeris: A complete life cycle takes 10-12 days at 68 F.
Newly hatched larvae do not feed until they molt at 2 days old. They feed for another 7 days
before becoming adults. Adults live for up to 30 days. Description Like most of the
Neoseiulus spp., N. cucumeris are tough, flexible predators. These happen to prefer thrips,
mostly the immature stages. N. cucumeris are shipped as adults, immatures and eggs (the
latter are not part of the guaranteed count) in a loose bran-flake carrier. With this medium,
these predators are supplied three different ways: a bulk product for fast distribution and
consumption; a pre-punched packet product for slow preventive releases over an 8 week
period; and a packet which is not pre-punched that must be torn open and immediately
distributed. The latter is designed for extremely small scale use. N. cucumeris, in either
form, can prevent thrips from becoming intolerable. The bulk unit and small quick release
packet can provide control. Some of the species they can devour include: the western flower

thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis); the flower thrips or eastern flower thrips (F. tritici); the
onion thrips (Thrips tabaci); the greenhouse thrips (Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis); and
possibly the melon thrips (Thrips palmi), too. Other pests which can be impacted by these
predators include cyclamen mites (Phtyodromus =Steneotarsonemus pallidus), broad mites
(Polyphagotarsenomus =Hemitarsonemus latus) and, to a slight degree, tomato russet mite
(Aculops lycopersici). And, as Neoseiulus spp., these predators may eat other pests as
well. Cucumeris is a species of predatory mite that feeds on immature stages of thrips. It
also feeds on pollen, two spotted mites and other species of mites. Cucumeris adults are
pear-shaped, tan colored mites, less than 0.5mm (1/50 inch) long.

Aphidius
http://www.buglogical.com/aphidius/
Aphidius
Home > Biological Solutions > Aphidius

Aphidius colemani is an amazing parasitic wasp that stings it's aphid victim and lays its egg
directely inside the aphid. In a couple of days, the aphid die and begin to swell up, and as it
swells a new parasitic wasp is developed and will soon emerge. Once the new parasitic wasp
emerges and is able to fly, it will sting more aphids, lay more eggs, and continue the cycle
again.
Aphidius is a good searcher, and can locate new aphid colonies when aphid populations are
low.
Aphidius colemani is very suited for preventive control. primarily the green peach aphid,
cotton aphid, tobacco aphid and closely related species. This species occurs naturally
outdoors and frequently parasitizes aphids in green houses. Aphidius is a good searcher, and
can locate new aphid colonies when aphid populations are low. The Aphidius colemani is
used for cucumbers, melon, squash, sweet peppers, tomatoes, potted flowers, bedding
plants and trees and shrubs.
Aphidius is a small parasitic wasp, native to North America. About 100 eggs are laid in
aphids which the larvae subseqently develop. At 77 degrees F, 10 days are required from

egg to adult for Aphidius. At 70 degrees F, two weeks are required from development on the
parisite. Up to 200-300 aphids are attacked be each female. Fertilized eggs develop into
females, nonfertilized eggs develop into males. There are usually twice as many females as
males.
Aphidius is shipped as parasitized aphid mummies from which adults will emerge, or as
newly emerged adults. Apply 500 to 3,000 Aphidius per acre.
Aphidius colemani

Product ID : AM10
Price: $98.25

Orius
http://www.buglogical.com/orius/

Orius
Home > Biological Solutions > Orius

Although pirate bugs (Orius) appear to have preferences for particular prey, they are
general predators and will consume a variety of pests including mites, thrips, aphids, and
small caterpillars.
The pirate bug Orius seems the most voracious beneficial against thrips. It is the only
predator that also attacks adult thrips, Often an Orius with thrips stuck on its rostrum can
be seen walking on a leaf.

The total gereration time for Orius in greenhouses (70 deg F) is approximately 3 weeks.
Eggs are laid in plant tissue (main stem, leaf veins, flowers or petioles) with the top of the
egg sticking out of the leaf. The eggs hatch in 4-5 days and grow through 5 stages.
All stages move quickly and adults are good flyers. They will move efficiently throughout the
greenhouse to locate pests. Orius kills its prey by piercing them with its mouthparts, and
sucking out the body fluids. If prey is abundant, Orius kills more thrips than it needs to
survive. The generation time is affected by temperature and food sources. Cooler
temperatures slow development, and the presence of pollen appears to have a favorabe
effect on its development.
Release 100 to 2,000 Orius per acre. For greenhouse cucumbers, release 1 Orius per 2
plants for the whole greenhouse or 1 to 4 Orius per plant in hot spots, where thrips
populations are established. It is recommended to release a minimum of 200 to 500 at one
time even for smaller areas.
Minute Pirate Bugs (Orius insidiosus)

Product ID : MP11
Price: $148.85
Orius is common on many agricultural crops including, alfalfa, corn, pea, strawberry, on
pasture land, in orchards, and is successfully used as a biological control agent in
greenhouses. It is often found in corn silks and is most common where there are spring and
summer flowering shrubs and weeds since it feeds on pollen and plant juices when prey are
not available. In greenhouses, Orius spp. are generalist predators, especially on cucumber
and bell pepper crops. Both immature stages (nymphs) and adults feed on a variety of small
prey including thrips, spider mites, insect eggs, aphids, and small caterpillars. Orius holds
its prey with its front legs and inserts its beak into the host body, generally several times,
until the soft body is empty and only the exoskeleton remains. It has been reported to be an
important predator of the eggs and new larvae of the bollworm and of spotted tobacco
aphid, but it is believed that thrips and mites are the more basic part of an Orius diet. It can
also be an important predator of corn earworm eggs which are laid on the silks. Other
reported prey includes eggs and small European corn borers, corn leaf aphids, potato
aphids, and potato leafhopper nymphs. Females lay tiny eggs 2-3 days after mating in plant
tissues where they are not easily seen. These hatch into nymphs which develop through five
nymphal stages. Egg incubation is generally 3-5 days, and development from egg to adult
takes a minimum of 20 days under optimum conditions. Females lay an average of 129 eggs
during their life spans, and adults live about 35 days. Several generations may occur during
a growing season.

Mealybug Destroyer (Cryptolaemus)

http://www.buglogical.com/mealybug-destroyer-cryptolaemus/

Mealybug Destroyer (Cryptolaemus)

Home > Biological Solutions > Mealybug Destroyer (Cryptolaemus)

The most comonly used natural enemy of mealybugs are Crypts which are in the ladybug
group of beetles. They are predators of mealybugs.
Crypt eggs are laid among mealybug colonies and hatch in 5-6 days at 81 degrees F. The
four larval stages have wolly appendages of wax and resemble mealybugs. True legs are
barely visible under the larvae.
The larval stages feed on mealybugs and live for a total of 12 - 17 days. The last larval
stage can be longer than 1.3 cm (1/2 inch). Crypts pupate in sheltered places on stems or
on greenhouse structures. Adults emerge after 7-10 days and also feed on mealybugs. Adult
Crypts are dark brown with orange heads and tails, and are about 4mm (1/6 inch) long.
Adults mate, and within 5 days females will begin to lay eggs (a total of 400-500 eggs in
thir 50-day lifetime.) The life cycle requires about 31 days at 81 degrees F and 45 days and
70 degrees F.
Adults and young larvae prefer to feed on mealybug eggs, but the older larvae will feed on
any mealybug stage. The adults can fly and cover large areas to search for food. If food is
scarce, crypts will fly off in search of other related insects such as aphids and soft scales. A
single larva can consume 250 small mealybugs.
Apply 5 Crypts per infested plant or 2-5 Crypts per square yard. In orchards release 1,000 2,000 per acre for mature fruit trees. Crypts are most effective when mealybug populations
are high. Repeated relaeases are advisable.

Mealybug Destroyer - Cryptolaemus

http://www.buglogical.com/aphidoletes/
Mealybug Destroyer - Cryptolaemus

Product ID : CM8
Price: $52.95

Aphidoletes is a small midge (fly) that feed on over 60 species of aphids. The adults are free
living, and the larval stages feed on aphids. It feeds by biting aphids in the leggs and
paralizing them with a toxin before sucking out the aphid body fluids. If aphid populations
are high, Aphidoletes will kill more aphids than they actually consume. They can be used in
a variety of cultivated crops, and is perhaps under utilized for biocontrol of a variety of
cropping systems.
Aphidoletes adults are not strong flyers, so they fly during the night when the air is calm.
The adults are 2-3 mm (1/16 inch) long, and have distinctive long legs.
Females deposit 150-200 eggs on leaves adjacent to aphid colonies. The eggs are oval and
shiny orange-red. The developing larvae will be orange colored, but may be brownish or
grayish depending upon stomach contents. Larval stages are maggots which crawl on the
leaf surface in search of aphid prey. Larvae may consume 3-50 aphids per day. When fully
grown, the larvae are 3.0 mm (1/10 inch) long, but can be easily seen amoung the aphid
prey because of their color.
Total generation time from egg to adult takes nearly 3-5 weeks. Only the larval stage is
predaceous. It feeds by biting aphids in the legs and paralizing them with a toxin before
sucking out the aphid body fluids. If aphid populations are high, Aphidoletes will kill more
aphids that they actually consume. Adult Aphidoletes feed on aphid honeydew. Ants protect
aphids and should be controlled.
For home gardens apply 2,000 Aphidoletes 1 time, 3 weeks apart.
For greenhouses apply 2 Aphidoletes per 1-6 plants.
For orchards use 5-10 Aphidoletes per tree.
Aphidoletes aphidimyza

Product ID : AA2000
Price: $114.50

Hypoaspis Miles

Hypoaspis Miles
http://www.buglogical.com/hypoaspis-miles/
Home > Biological Solutions > Hypoaspis Miles

Hypoaspis miles feed upon small, soil inhabiting insects, mites, and all stages of
springtails. Is primary a predator of fungus gnat larvae in the soil, but it also consumes
thrips pupae on the floor and soil surface of the greenhouse. It is a scavenger and can feed
on soil debris in the asence of thrips pupae and fungus gnat larvae. They are a native soil
mite and can adapt to a variety of different growth media and capillary mats. They are less
than 1 mm (1/20 inch) in size, light brown in color, and can be seen moving quickly on the
soil surface and base of plants. Hypoaspis are used primarily for control of fungus gnats, but
they also help with western flower thrips control.
Populations of Hypoaspis include both sexes, but the males are much smaller and rarely
seen. Under a hand lens most stages of this mite look similar. Hypoaspis inhabit the top few
centimeters (inch) of soil only. Eggs hatch in about 2-3 days, and the life cycle is completed
in about 11 days. These predatory mites feeds upon the young larvae of fungus gnats in the
soil, and are most effective when applied to soil before fungus gnat populations are
establised. Hypoaspis consume 1-5 prey per day and can survive as a scavenger by feeding
on algae and plant degris. Hypoaspis tolerate a variety of conditions except flooding. They
can survive mild winters but are inactive below 57 degrees F.
Hypoaspis are for preventative control only, before fungus gnat populations are high. They
are supplied in a peat mixture in one liter containters and should be aplied as soon as they
are recieved, but can be held at room temperature for limited periods if absolutely
necessary. Introduce 1-2 litres per acre for greenhouse vegetables and 1 liter per 1000
square feet for bedding plants.
Fungus Gnat and Thrips Control - Hypoaspis miles

Product ID : HP10
Price: $69.95

Fly Control with Parasite Predators - Nasonia vitripennes, Muscidifurax

zaraptor
http://www.buglogical.com/fly-control/
Fly Control with Parasite Predators - Nasonia vitripennes, Muscidifurax zaraptor
Home > Fly Control
Buglogical has designed a Fly
Suggested Prescription
Control Program using regular
No.
releases of fly parasites and
No. Horses
Frequency
Parasites
beneficial nematodes.
First, use regular releases of fly
Every 3
1-5
50,000
predator parasites based upon the
Weeks
prescriptions to the right.
50,000
Every 2
Second, use beneficial nematodes once 5-10

Weeks
or twice a year to treat manure piles or 10-15
any areas where fly larvae populations
may be abundant.
15-20

100,000

Every 3
Weeks

100,000

Every 2
Weeks

20-25

100,000

Weekly

FLY PREDATORS FOR FLY POPULATION CONTROL

FLY PREDATORS FOR CONTROLLING FLY POPULATIONS
Fly Parasites Predators are gnat-sized, nocturnal, burrowing insects which do not bite, or
sting humans and animals. Adaptable to all climates, these parasites reproduce in one to
two weeks, thus constantly replenishing the beneficial insect population. The fly Parasites
predators are the naturally occurring enemy of all manure breeding pest flies. In nature
these tiny insect predators serve as a major check of fly populations by destroying flies in
the immature maggot and pupa stages. Fly Parasite Predators are specific to flies, never
attacking anything else. It's important to realize that these tiny wasps have absolutely no
effect on horses or humans. They stay close to the manure and dirt where filthy pest, and
even if they could reach you or your horse, the fly parasite predators are so small that they
cannot sting. Their main purpose in life is to act as a natural predator against filthy flies and
they do a great job. Fly Parasites Predators are a preferred alternative to chemical
insecticides that are hazardous to human and animal life. NO ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS. A
major benefit of biological control is that it avoids completely the adverse side effects of
chemical sprays, such as poison residue in the environment affecting not only the pests but
also non-target animals (songbirds, beneficial insects, etc.) and most importantly your
domestic stock. This is a serious problem as some of the common spray residues are
effective for up to 3 or 4 years, and remember that poisonous toxic chemicals become less
effective with repeated use.