Implementing Instructional

Media Related Facilities

Prepared by:
Emely Jean A. Ortiz
EDUC. 106

What are instructional media?

cover whatever the teacher uses to involve all the
five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and
taste while presenting his/her lessons (Azikiwe ,
2007)
things which are intended to help the teacher to
teach more effectively
and enable the
students to learn
more readily
(vein Adegun , 1997)

Instructional media- are information carriers

designed specifically to fulfil objectives in a
teaching-learning situation.
They are very important in language teaching, especially the foreign language,
because they facilitate the direct association between sounds and their symbols
and also words and the objects they represent. They help to vividly
illustrate meanings of things
because they are associated
with materials used by the
teacher to improve the quality
of his teaching.

Types of Instructional Media

Non-Projected Media
Projected Media
Audio Media
Motion Media
Hyper Media
Gaming Media

Non-Projected Media
Photographs, diagrams, and displays
Use to:
Illustrate concepts
Enhance direct instruction
Encourage students to look at data in
diverse ways

Projected Media

Slides, filmstrips, and overheads

- Use to:
Allow all students to view the same material
at the same time
Offer the students
other perspectives
on the material

Audio Media
Cassettes and compact discs
Use to:
Allow students to hear other
languages/dialects
Allow auditory learners to review the lessons
Encourage creativity through music

Motion Media
Videos, computer mediated
instruction, and television
Use to:

Offer supplemental instruction

Experience concepts in a manner that is no
available in real life i.e. Magic School Bu

Hyper Media
Computer networks, software, and
the Internet
Use to:
Offer resources beyond the library
Develop computer and word processing
skills
Offer interactive learning

Gaming Media
Computer games
Use to:

Provide a playful environment for learning

Structure learning through rules
Motivating for tedious or repetitive content
Uses problem solving skills

The Selection and Uses of

Instructional Media
Instructional media facilitate teaching and
learning activities and, consequently, the
attainment of the lesson objectives. However,
this
depends
on
the
adequacy
and
appropriateness of materials so selected. This,
in effect, means that learning resources are
not selected haphazardly (Azikiwe, 2007).

Six guidelines for selecting resource materials

which the English teacher must not lose sight of
when planning his /her lessons

Availability of the needed materials.

In other words, before the teacher decides on materials to use,

s/he must be certain that they are available as well as accessible
to him/her and the learners.

Materials selected must be relevant to the

objectives as well as to the target population.

The characteristics of the learner such as the age, level of

attainment or maturation, ability, aptitude and capability, should
all be borne in mind to enable the teacher to select relevant
materials for their needs, interest and aspiration.

 Usefulness of the resources in terms of the

educational and instructional objectives and the
characteristics of the learners.
The attractiveness, durability, size and clarity of the resources. Also,
considered under quality are accuracy, clarity and usefulness of the
illustrations, drawings and paintings and weight of the materials for
ease of handling and storage should be considered.

The cost in terms of time and energy to be

expended by the users
The use of instructional media in teaching and learning of English
is,therefore, more imperative than any other subject

There are enough materials for members of the class to be

equitably involved in the class activities.
The teacher should, therefore, ascertain that everything needed for
the useof materials is available and within easy reach to him and the
learners before it is selected.
Instructional materials should be economical.
Resources should be cheap, butthis does not mean sacrificing
quality for cost. The teacher and learners should find ways
andmeans of providing necessary materials which are very
expensive by improvising them,,usinga vailable local materials.

The following are some of the indispensable

values of instructional materials in the
teaching of English as a second language, as
identified by Williams (1990) and Azikiwe
(2007):
They increase the retention rate of learners.
They increase the ease with which teacher teaches and
children learn.
They assist teacher to communicate clearly, accurately
and effectively as they serve as good reference points.

 They supply the experiences which are not easily

obtained in the classroom and contribute to the
efficiency, depth and variety of learning.
They relieve the teacher of the problem of presenting
repetitive drill materials.
They can stimulate a sense of observation and provide
opportunity for developing criticalthinking and objectivity
as students may often have to comment on the
instructional aids used

Works Cited
Ryan, Kevin, & Cooper, James M. (1998). Those Who Can Teach.
Boston:Houghton Mifflin Co.
Heinich, Molenda, Russell, and Smaldino ( 1996). Instructional Media
and Technologies for Learning. New York: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Agnew, P.W., Kellerman, A.S. & Meyer, J. (1996). Multimedia in the
Classroom.Boston: Merrill
Allyn, Bacon, Anadarajan, M., Igbaria, M. and Anakwe, U.P. (2000). IT
acceptance in a less-developedcountry: a motivation factor
perspective International Journal of Information Management, 22(1),
pp. 47

Thank you!