ree Noe{ TTT TT ETE TT) U 0356 M.EJM-Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2010/JANUARY 2011 SECOND AND THIRD SEMESTER THERMAL ENGINEERING (MBCBS & FDP & PDP & PT) ‘TH9152 FUELS AND COMBUSTION (REGULATION 2007) Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks Answer ALL questions. PART A— (10 x 2= 20 marks) 1, How a common fuel is termed? 2. Differentiate conventional and unconventional fuels. 3. Give the maximum temperature upto which crude oil can be heated without cracking, 4, What is the flash point of gasoline? Give the calorific value of high flame speed gases. Define specific gasification rate What is meant by air ratio? State the limits of inflammability 9. What are the types of mechanical stokers? 10. What are the factors affecting the burners?4 12, 13 4 16. (a) ) a) (by (a) ) (@ (b) (@) b) (@) PART B — (5 « 16 = 80 marks) Discuss about the various types of fuels. 6) Explain the briefly the proximate and ultimate analysis. @) or What is calorimetric and how calorific valve estimation is made? @) What is mean by spontaneous ignition temperatures? ® Explain with neat sketch of any one method of manufacture of coke. (8) Wnite briefly about the following 4) Wood waste Gi) Agro fuels. 8) Or Discuss about the different stages in the processing of crude oil. @ Write notes on @) Octane number (i) Cetane number. (8) Distinguish between coal gas and coke oven gas, ® How biogas can be produce from a digester? ® Or Write short notes on 8) @) LPG Gi) LNG Gil) ONG. How to estimate calorific valve of gas also explain about analysis and testing of gases fuel? (8) What is flame propagation and explain also velocity of propagation. (8) Explain the following (@ Stationary flame (i) Flameless combustion Cy) Or18, 19. 20. (@ ) What is the significant of theoretical flame temperature, explain. Distinguish between flame stabilization and combustion instability What are the different types of coal burning equipment? is meant by fluidized bed Giring and cyclone firing? Or Explain the following with sketch (i) Vaporizing burners Gi) Atomizing burners What are factors affecting the burners and combustion? ® ® 8 ® ® ®weno TELE GREE EXAMINATION, NOV 2008 SEMESTER [/ Il THERMAL ENGINEERING (MBCBS) ‘TH9152 FUELS AND COMBUSTION Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks Answer all the questions PART ~ A (10 x2 = 20 marks) How are fossil fuels classified? Why the ratio of primary to secondary air increases with increase in rank of coal”? What are the problems encountered with burning of high ash coal? What does 100% theoretical air represent? What is the origin of petroleum? What is ignition temperature of fuel? What are the effects of excess air in a combustion process? Ethane (CH) is burned with 20% excess air dur Determine the air-fuel ratio on mass basis by assumi 1g a combustion process. ‘omplete combustion. What is {nflammability limit? What are the advantages of gaseous fuels over other forms of fuel? PART = B (Sx 1680 marks) Explain how ultimate analysis of a fuel is carried out. What do you understand by proximate analysis and how does it differ from ultimate analysis? How’ can we determine the gross calorific value with these analyses? (16) (or) (a) Describe Orsat apparatus for flue gas analysis giving its neat sketch, (8) (b) —Deserihe an equation for minimum air required to burn a ke of solid fuel (3) (©) What is spontaneous ignition temperature? °16 20. List the various tests that are carried out to determine the properties of any petroleum fraction What is the significance of these test (16) (or) What do you understand by origin of coal? What changes occur in the series from wood to anthracite? (16) A coal containing 67.9% C, 4.4% Hz, 0.8% 8, 6%Ns, 7.9% Os, 4.5% ash and the remaining HO are bumed in a furnace. The products of combustion of dry flue gas constitute [4.5% COs, 4.7% Oz. and Nz rest. Calculate the following: (@) Percent excess air used for this combustion process. 8) (b) The theoretical volume of air used for the complete combustion of coal at a firing rate of 150 tons/h. Assume atmospheric air temperature as 25°C. (8) (oR) (2) What do you understand by the term ‘Liquefied petroleum Gas’ and “Bio Gas’ a) (b) What are the various feed materials for a biogas plant and describe the construction and working of a biogas plant with a neat sketch, (12) (@) What are the various methods of measurement of burning velocity? Briefly discuss their relative merits and demerits, @) (b) Discuss the concepts of flame stability and various methods employed to stabilize flames, (8) (OR) Define combustion and detonation. Explain flash back, blow off, drop back with flame stability diagram, (16) List the functional requirement of bumers for boiler application. What is switl number? Describe a swirl burner with diagram related to meeting the functional requirement? (16) (OR) Give the schematic diagram illustrating the principle and operations of fluidized bed combustion, List the advantages and disadvantages of the same, 0) ({ Mco02 )reg.no{ | | | |] U 21 M.B/M-Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2010/JANUARY 2011 FOURTH SEMESTER THERMAL ENGINEERING (MBCBS, FDP & PDP) TH9010 INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATION SYSTEM (REGULATION 2007) ‘Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks Answer ALL questions, PART (10 x 2= 20 marks) 1. What are the commonly used refrigerants for vapour compression chillers? 2 Define COP. 3. Why inter-coolers are requited for multi-stage reciprocating compressors? 4, What is the acceptable pressure drop in an industrial practice? What is meant by frosting? What is the necessity of defrosting? 6. Spray ponds and cooling towers used for cooling warm water in the condenser Why cooling tower is preferred over spray ponds? List vessels used in industrial refrigeration: 8. What do you know about flash tank? 9. Define heat reclaim 10. What is vapour barrier? PART B— (5 « 16 = 80 marks) 11, (a) Explain the applications of refrigeration in Medical and construction industries, (b) Briefly dise he refrigeration process in chemical industries. Or12 18 18 19. 20. (a) Discuss about Ice Rinks used sports. What are its applications? (b) Differentiate between industrial air conditioning and comfort air-conditioning, (a) Explain the working of a screw compressor. () With neat sketch, explain how the serew compressors adjusted for part load and full load conditions or Briefly explain various oil cooling methods. Explain the method of working of (a) gas pumping method and () mechanical pumping method for liquid recirculation. or Explain the following water cooled condensers (a) Double pipe water cooled condenser and (b) Shell and tube water cooled condensers. State its advantages and disadvantages (a) With neat sketch explain the working of an oil pots (b) What is surge drum? Explain its working Or fa) Discuss about the flash tank. () Explain the term: suction line accumulator, (@) Explain briefly how insulation materials conserve the energy in an industrial refrigeration system () Discuss the methods adopted to slow down the heat leakage from the fated space. or (a) Discuss about the Ice Harvester. () What are the energy efficient components? Discuss in brief.