Sans eseyl co Magy Maal pall = DA Gea Lous Ll ent tags 2.1 He all ASS aly 3.1 nee 41 cee CML Shuey! G5 44 elec apis 8 Gum Cll as 3.410g 112 118 8 18. 121 121 126 130 139 143 143 144 146 1350 = 151 153 154 164 167 167 167 171 172 Gbiall pyeced oi Ulead ct bce 6.4 = cecetereeneegepladll Lafls tall ol Stthts 74 AON bashed Atal hall peasy Uys 84 ceeatlly usa 45 alan slic 9.4 oa A yo jal) hata Aa GL 5 Sls paced y las 10.4 T)) US le cata apes chs Ha FaLGM Qt ayant y chiles 12.4 eg Pail LE y (yall 2 eal) facil oo hase 1.5 ~ og RM SAN Slated a gia 2.5 eeltell pall pega 3.5 heal pail yl 4.5 Saal (pall pranad 5.5 all cealad pect il gh G5 AL a a 4 ee Aadesall Gyles p51) Ciel UN Lagi 3.6 sees Qailly ll Dhar 4.6 + aglll ppv 2 Sli Lb. 5.6 sectosteeen gill poli 6.6 aell pena Ol pbs 7.6 ve Se stay olay CALLS y lil ISAT Asda <2 gL) eal ++ dale 1.3 ol 6 peel 2.7 seen tel jal plo 2 plasaall 3.7 all Sl jas) las 4.7174 186 262 273 Jal) (pila Cit pas! olan 5.7 6 YS yal Gl aay ibe 6.7 gl sal jas) lam Sil yb Wd. eh ty) G0 8.7 cee SB Ghucedd Sagal J plo 5.8 . Dbbaceiy) pyle Gatill Iybl 6.8 ea plastadh a0 lead Cyst 7.8 cectreseee eg IO ds 8.8 petal) cially dag alathy CAUSA peel gest ual Asie 1.9275 275 277 281 283 285 289 291 292 304 308 310 312 312 313 314 S14 319 320 322 333 344 347 348 348 352 364 2 Ryall BAEM pyaned 2 ples g tha) dual cevueesnnny yygae Mlonall B20) pyancti 411 ipygte Maal ppb Aiea) suse’) chles 9.11 LN gy) cane Saco Cinieat 6.11 wae Kyaganall Lelia) ilar 7,1 AMEN pag Real We wk eI veers Gages de ee 911 Bach fla ase JSS 10.11 Atyghll Sacet —1 pte (ili Jaaill ne 12 ragilSall pha! ays 3.12 sovesn Ailes 25 Slaa] 4.12 Ayplall Aah jy! pAb Sua! 5.12 Fila fb Gita'y 2,50 di, yb 6.12 Bataell Shell pall pebetad A 7.12 Bata! ye USL! py jail putant 8.12{ sd) Saad! Materials and Properties Agaal gy Aerial! ot pall Reinforced Concrete abused dala AN. 1 Lea al iat Gh ih aay UL La ile Ge Maal SN 5S afi ae Glyn gh apy 25 leo atl ag aa Le ap bla) saa Shpall og) GHANA le ball Lala cd AS Maal Gla Al) js Geo EY Len gf ML yd jo LEY am Abel St EN gles ogy sly Gy iy Mite ISL ne oa LS «Mad i le Sen Ge ph ADIN ey Leal 9 CDK y Ny a sale Ol Men Gey Spas ead cL LS GK NB kel os Sys Said Tk = Syl gj sM BRS eed gate Lee Ae Ca Nga jl fan age GY Meaney Concrete 4250 241 cee os ASM. CULM Lines (1S JI Lae ofall ositle Ge GLAD OSS alk Ld olety cud On Sd cael Kine Us polly AS Ge what Aula jal! Ou ye Cement cia! 1.2.1 cAdpnal ol je day G+ ES ( adhesive ) Gio sald WE RANT Agha Gh ps ily Cay ola gy gg JS Sell Alar Cf» Ae As eGo gp qT Cala Ligpal GAN Gal yh) Gan al ga (hydration) ar gh Ayala CS ye dey) Ge cael ose GABE ey (CBS) papal ZO cis ( CDS) psp AE cise ACAAE) peal gos ae chives ( C3A) aaplte Sd yay Bp my Cala Lee ce Yee CBS + CIS hs Al CIS Nc Ast aN) gaa DAS 5 Saal Aa ial 55 pd Gp AL CIS cugaketly AS all ss any «Ast GAN GN os Eat A ot Lagi 3s dag ag CBA of Ele sb te Ns Gnd CAAF 6 CHA cain ua ue Soana gag AG Say Dla ALAYT CS ya cas gle igus &. H! Nae gall Ordinary portland cement gle! pa yl ash I Rapid hardening portland chal gies gab Glad = 4 cement Low heat Cement Sjloall adsl gad ygill cuba! ~ Sulphate resisting Portland ty yt sal) gai gh aa! — 9 Cement Modified Portland Cement ae) gad ysdh cates) A Aut GEO gb AS Hag Seay AV Lady Meals Diol eh AT Ge aH Uy (Concrete Technology } b+ j8) 42 res 1 Ge Be alk HID LAD GM pad on (75%) ohm ot «elias ha sd Gale Ag aly (A) By SEE ce gen gill a ell ply cS ee ASP ts (4) ely Dae ye pal gil ae) BAD Le ye it JS clash an J 4 al UE se, b300Ke/m?) Spee cls Sa lead Lat ll ale GES «400K em?) sys WS es il ain HB Rods Listas AL SD gaily Ned Ujad LAY cajell is plE sy Jasin pl Ale LMS CIS LL & aks LS. ( Light weight concrete ) 0374 Gas LS es as el ct Ll COLL A (Js (1) SE ee a ge es BRS os peg ae SS -{5200-4000K. /m*)Aa A AG Gal ghd 31 e aay! Ae IL pee he yun ( 3OO%1SO mam ) Slag C13 ci pla cpany tea Anghie Opt (SO mam) tyakna chase pss eI yiaey gba es (28) me dent Oo (Ve) 49 Ma Ae a Ra le fea GAA Le ED cee AEN Gd. ( 200 mm) = (0.83) y (200mm) clans (fey) eS a pA Hastie Oe 40.8) og Sa «(050 mum) hanya Aajthe (Mpa ) 2 ef i (28) ol (20) ta a a as Sa VL is — Si uy — Aged! ~ Tg tole LA OV aged gh at Gad tay) ~ Seah ASL AY fad Sloat — gh as ey (1-1) a bal = (30 Mpa) 35 (fc) sie eee ea = a ™ ae as y 2 4 pais = ow tin ese ts NOU =BL Vor ip es 5 a te ea | Waa ag tt 28 la, as a asin (1-1) Jet eA gall Oba =30Mpa tjOss Patsy — cleat gate se el gine sy tl 0,002) Jail aie sya (0.004) ..3 (0.003) Ey 0 SOR ipenerpee psa (28) ens La a ltd Re fie foam 1» Tt ARS = We mr spuny Sp Hay yell alee CH ( 2300Kg/ m9) og fad Mile pt TIES Late hey B, = 4100,/ 2... (21) ‘Tensile Strength 281 Satie 4.3.1 Senet A CUED pon dle by dey S85 MAY age Halll i a le Mises Laie Ga ( 15-10) AE SM py cl Si i Lan yp a Aaa a pani jad eat Lily “+ ( Split — Cylinder test ) Sishv1 43 pot ons ~! Gee geod gD AED ale MF i Hah a wk gy « ( Bravia test) A? cox SLs ante te (150300) Sls 4 pled ey UO Hy Bas cal coe SBD ahead lad hag hi Alta Ugh ce litle Um Ue bly me HBO ave gasidsy 455 30!Seg SE GB.) ees ipl) UB a buen de P Adda! Ugh -L a9 dat = D ocd sae Se Gan a id tll. Fe) od (O33 fe) 3 HY SK (cor fF) OSVZ)- + ods) Ai 61s( Modulus of Rspure) joSd Jebes comets Jotul gb ala os (750%150%150) stake cis} yaa Be “Nagle tas al Nt ped gi as Gy in yg tly Au COE a (600 mmm) os Lc s ght (Ae ike) a a Aa A ae OH as F> @p ate BRM sic ileal abbas (Sl Gd =P (sual Yai pe) Lad Lo! ipl Gaye =D icinll Gund a ne Le + B06 al) 356 apr eh ak AT el a ee pe pal Eagle oso cas» Shakya ge a 5 gL sl Ge Udlaat meas gee vba eile 51S Ugo fl ott Slee! pe bLipal de aba al pall © (gah ehaggly Lis Wad tn GL 4 Uh castpel foal 41 Creep 51.41 Jase hy peg AB laf ad al nettle J tl ts ' Be LAD a edy LL pA Lhe Uae al ge atey fling « asl 698 DAS aie ShegeYl slahny cast 5 ily Apal Aah My Falla a hy « cen / oll ey = lagal pee / che Aeaty hal Shrinkage 263i 2.4.1 cL gabe at als Gi amy Gam ela Loa se ia ah allen Ay 5 yh adh Ss Waly eal nla Halal Apa flee PLE als Ryall Slaill die San gh) suky anol Mad Sabet BLS! gf Rabel dike pS og dovcaall 2 BUD gy. Ned CAE Cones Al Layla ge Cale YN Balj A hy 2 Eyl eialga GAASY Cats I OSes US! Sorgen) Lesage y GB get Aba aged Coll gh Ale 686) algal cash Le pa Slay Aap desl chan ge ASI Say Se Hal Tem anges 6) a0 days oi p35 3.4.1 AL ae a fe «Nae Galty 2 Aa Say MAD pena pe LD gh Lge Ste 23 cialea! ol gah: foal CELE (10S fim se?) gh og shaan ght ancl Jalna SS 52 Sst Reinforcing Steel aut aaa 5.1 lee gt My MARAE ML ge OEE Me a ed Sah A asl ppt pa Ke May GARY a al Macy) Lf fp Se he poh LS De gH il hen Aaa a fal yl As pstiey 3. Cli web) Ee gd ail if oe Masti at lee! Lit ib cad see gS Le J tS Wai sed yon i Ae ale MAN ES Sheed Ga MB CM tals ans pe Me gh coy - tye taf Maal oles) Sagal GAS tan Tha fh) ela sgn cae Hill etibell aby gE ous p je gH a stil buacal vlad gh pall + Yn das gaa ( blat! 1 pal ea OE ce I RE ty Hagen it Ul cay ns FN(200000 Mpa) iiss ( 29%10° psi) 9 ated Geel oe asta Abs Ones = Aa sill Glas at Str Curys il 1 i (Wield point) gn S8 Abas Legal Aende cited oth Banged Graal Sh gin 8a gi (Ee) Assad alan ibs gb He OHS Gs (200000 Mpa) gts set el sl yan fay A Latin Maid — alge! gine cas On ASD HE Saal Any pm AD A pnd DN 1 «yin Bina Usa Ss ee A ls Al Sang (Yield strength) ¢ paid Hse hw, se 28d sles}( Yield point) qqretiy CB Daeg Sly 4 la hp Ses! ayy Ma pad oda os (fy) dees Late yee pad! G6 - ( Strain hardening) Alas) DLsy) Aula ode gas ea (2.1) Gee aad Sisey Y asity Tay Wan es pl od . < Sn go pal ak sles! ook ag? a SLeyl Wad gaa asthe Fa GU oS Hey Oa ORM cake Or CS 960 cae Saal Daa Die Glhae «se Bie ge ag (epmt eae) § et agheit Sua dla (2.1) ose pall ge Scail ait — aya}! sine(Eig) 3 ny Ot pian I le 9S ap (J) Aad tm esl Sar 1 Gil pias Sa epg Dail aa (fy) SHO» GAM ged hia J rh siya g pS aS Gf glia gli ap aly Liss (fy) gaan Lele at Uy gptabil Ses cogte labtdl Duet! Ala + (0.0035) «fbe Paid 1a) ill abaya (somum) ca Gm) 3c 9.85 All cH A hay la eal as oy oi (1) Ba dpey Mite pes ( 50mm) (40 mm) shit J Lake Ag SASHYN can gt hy gf ells cull ste GRAY Gay Rabe co Gold (8) ey pet Sa el ig ay dS gree ne OSE uh Fe SG pele cheat PSs Hed ye SLD eh (2) do dds & deg shh oki 3 +g 8S llyAG) 3 paola ‘Analysis and Design Methods silly dain G8 Mad pase Ltt as Lar casa ym BLN Aan Gane date 1.2 Sey Gal aad pnyy heli Gal jy alia! Clie os sl bed ote sNgulad lo gaasailly alia (590) ln elie sN eLintit BLS lth a on Up aly GL Sy laa a ant ik peal UI byes oll cling dual GY ull Lighad (SAY prey Gad sober oI Alas) J SN Lat as Sky gla ala pal et RL, AE peal pe Wang sabe gle 5 Bal 5 Ol Ai ee AGA pet U5 Aopen ays) Lat diss aigat gis UR pat ol SAY Lal gs SY Ugg olin aX lke Sa LS yall — ya Hole Yt hel oh oy be dakian poe US Sd a inte J aba Sead pty Ui lel ese ell go 8l ke Dynal EL ag GIN at Gus a ya all pes chia pean oe dened I) hye Be peel = dab le pa ay SIM bps) me ast ine Hse I hy Aol SUIS Gh gil a 9S I and Ei IC a gual SAITO G8 oT ot SIN alee SAIS fll Gf agi Lay Litt gle Ue att oe SY uD ke ily Loads Jha 2.2 ely tae ia LN paige eal ce sey Ls te Dua! apt sts Leal! oss yas of Ry Ua Ge eel popes Lise 3, J ge) Dead Londs Sua Jui) 1.2.2 gic cy qabecl cline hits CHekgIS LRA) yar Aa hale Al Aaa HAN pp Spy (12) Ayan «IRS Gd ppl ms aly Gas OO = Lita if Aaa a yal Ginny3 Asad ah gal any A ae aSyy03 (Sa Stabs dow dS BS gay —: Liver Loads 48 Jussi 2.2.2 BS) aig) Chia gy padiee 260 um aig a ae CN FT od oe CRRA ya Hite GLA Head Glan cig (2.2) Josey Ge 2 cys fa OS Shan y lele ys? Wind load ra foal 3.2.2 =: Aga Ula y iol ely Qs Mee sel 2) (KN Im?) chong ei) Se 0,0000473 =~ K Kmntip cha» ac pe= V ph ky a le Lap ee helt On gil gh ly as ty Gal dola Aitse pip Aad Joa 2.2 dye WL, aia-3| ae peor ou? Ypaghahcia i Lamas date Gye Aad Sh aus 0 SL, pilates I ree‘Analysis Methods dai 553.2 Sali fp ital ail Ws eta it « lat oe Ol han fp Des gl May aN AN GF Se gts Bee ge Ss + We a sa Kana ae gle SQM ps Bae gy Nt Ot ATELY ne 1 Say uit) cia pS, fo Sa: Classical Methods iuuttid ga 15.2 Slope deflection ) i ail) ~ cal 44h, ( Consistent deformation method) tis gD gos el (Lanat work method) Jv! Jaa tay ( Method 45 (Moment distibation method) 352 gs 6 to Som elas age ph eile de] gies Ul Lip Sal GRY ge Sip paar dd a Agi) cited ge af see d= | Del Gal abl zhat etal) AL Ai ge (gest Sal) Sata aay ats Gah ny _ (Cantilever Method) se¥ 4, ally (Metho’ dss ig Spb yd Advanced Methods psa GpbN 23.2 farsa ta ih dh AY Displacement or) (setae) 139" ai 1. {Force or Flexitility Method) {stillness method Se ged Os Lag AG Any FSI Shplet pme any SAM a gght ald ccApelal lasted Y} Ula SAN Tyas Se Be EH! Csteall ox chika Saga yb Je ly Oe ee ash Alt Miah dase Sy Structural ) ghey ual ea pitts (SAP) ed 2 Ue Ul jf atl ge {ey (STAADa) LEN) pancily chad gai y ulis,. (Analysis Program aD el oo we Structural Analysis And Design in 3- dimensions) std GY pace tok ce Lal YL peal ud ge a Lait ad oe Vay ee gu as aeck ci Dlakes Hib 4, Raguny ola Aplal Casha y 5 pound Call Las i Thane! GD Oe ys —rghy US pj sled Gy HL ola A (8.9.3) Fahad GF My =C Wy Ln? (2.2) (1.2) J6at J B.2) dosed gee Dpaal ey dale Cite seh Dlg JAAN ce Ge GD all dea = Fly dove cially Cap yp jal ae Any gf Shae ng ella Lil ake = Ly sll jal lle ok Gap sladed Calan GSanall Isle ieee vad setG2) Shad Ag 2 (geal ald Fy (1.2) 3 1 G.2) Wyte coats Upenl pip alae = C 2 el had ct Ll hy 2 Ly =p AMA) day All go ony Mh oe dS BN ge gla alin pflh cp QpbMtoLad 30 ole lyst seats ela 088 I one = 20% ce caaslets Cottaatl | Reality pep Fe 5y2 D3: + aud Gea) py cys ODE Ce a5 gad deal 4 = qhsisd 25 ola 5 ¥,=CWy lnyp JA eden — 1 WrylyZ fl Saga oe ly cals 1Y Wyle 4 saad ga App Aegon Algal als Wy Ly? NG AQIS Cdeliadd wiglila sae IY go tS Anal AL pp) Wily t9 cil om yall Hypln? (10 Caled oo fd yay de gt Wgling? (M1 Salad tea ap MU LI LD ped Fon RAD SLAM GELS 4 SUI Bala oy jal — <> $e gee Ay ye ana gill ote SU Wily? 124 Agila oa J Ane sual GS Ue GS W jlo? ILL aye staal 5% Med € Ma Bated anf et att pple: Gm) o WA toad oe Apa belies Go) Succ! Gilpin g pears Can Lan Lge anh gil ail hy coltell 2 Wy by? 2 selec Clg cya igh USI Ch pe ght geal = 1.15 in 5 pls aie GS ye al ap oad ol Maken ahd des! ll cpa 2“ad a Sake ot Aye pe od 1 1 in n - Pieiacke 1 a ry “ iw or Bt okt ae 1 ie 9 u We ees el hag eM ee ape i Ut Wo Hay B Oe pS) les IS Lal Sela oN Cae) elas £ pan Quad gS Ulan 3M go ull cielcad 23 CUDA! e Let = sa ae ay py jal) baal a 56) Dials (1.2) JoDesign Methods _ps See eS choles (le aol a Fatt ltl 1977 alc Mie ( Alternate Method) 4bsd Rilo play Jak Asta hl cpaeety pene A gh on ak A AD SN py es ca HD ssp a ge gan tay ate a i ha TS anf Sasi Adaya GAN cialga) Ab sb Juss) fli cad dale Alu Ad chin G pat 25 Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete ms gh WED cn pA 42a de Se Dal CD Sarl OR yf So ay Khe AB GE Go gl ed art GE a Ls Alay 1.2.5 psa pas Ulstty gas MLN Clskea Vl ge oth cas8y tam AB laa iiay( Transformed setion) Jaa cht fe dant ad Ge Set pal pn pile gh Ae ct Sus OSes Me AOD Cr «Ufp) 4 5 ils ( Modulus of rupture) p50 Lalas cof Glee des hada ly eh ash gel cen Bt De 3 AN is Th ej Le SE Opal ee gh en Lay se “fh Ay GAG Seg Ld any A dag el pre SD ate Ue pl) ode ag -1 bd Mi aon Ail ii Ai uk poh lien gt Caen pd deg kl ka ata ply Me pa Laas (pA th laa} gy bin (fo > 5/2) CS aie home gills Jab ayaa ylaasy atl of of uae AD Ts po ge GL yj ae ~1 Aged yb Silalga tt) Als ys 3.2.5 Sp 8 ce Va cay BL asl aly Ayal Le peed Hb ye Shige Th + til Jam gyal allel pints Cf, >-Sfc) GAR Aa ys Jad Chg yas 3.3 Analysis of R.C beam eracki BS eg HY a al aga by lla hae ol Gab Gages oly Lin Transformed or equivalent ) Jy—sa i ¢ fall abially alata joys Glass eS UL ly sal CV Laie gh Lany Gyipta gle ciay dials - ( section 4B GLa yl lal sl 5 pl og had ol any spas nally ll Sill gly shan =+ gid (1.3) SAN plaaiady Fes = 85 apall os flu aie Ses Ss. puis fri &, Ss ale Es a Ee (1.3) fs ="hes modular ratio 4 shall dele = Ce appa og flees aie ila a Gilslgal = fog pall Gls! =f, + sll ysis ie Lil 6 Sui ee «adel Jl! 6, fb ApS) a Hl plainly F, =F, Artes = As Is Afes = Asthesie SF MN ais (1.3) ds BARN Bajo dS CYLRAT Shiled css Jd el qhinll oh Sell “ht ghd uaz Wb asad gM HAD open, 5S pa Ge Tikal og slags eal Dal Gaal = of RAEN he SF. el “Fs Oe ~ asa dole = Ay ages DARGA Ske 5h dale — A me gy LS Syne qa Aallan sled! cas Ay = Ag + Ay = Ag — Ag + nds Ae 3 Ag +(0 Mg csettnnte nrc .B.3) = Sync qhaliall Fale = Ay: Cue Sila pill dann = Ay beh Gpbtaall Le. = Ay ped Say Lealga nad AN fh A A Ge AS Le lt nll Uta mi gly Sy Clg il ahaa) Lage olga een G8 Fa crent pce pae iene emenes nts sengganensmereeaee® cached) Alaa pall = M clint! algal it Cus = All yall je = 1 age gy dean y me gly LS. span y tla phd cs geal Claheel cag Hyae la= | I fe =feg =n ha pil baa Glad = fy Cae {IN-A) sy gyn ge Gls jell Yall GUY oe =p, Jos Slt att sha! = fy, + Sggall oye oe Tile pa SiN AUN ayy, < gill ass abel, + agall pee Ge hadi gue sey, ped gle haath Ups ISM Lally jeg at lS (NLA) opeall yy aie oles Hi gph Sy sonal HG Laka, Ahad Ls 2) a h Ae di =Ag5+(n-DAsa Ht gh US y, cyp sade ang dyad y, sph hel dbslaall oo Yo =h~ yp Ys =d~ yy. M2 WLS salad kad IS pall je Ul a e = Bho? +(0-DAgy,? 3 3 fog en DAyrs =: guls Spell gemay ieee Dalen 58 po Gy aad eam Aid Lala} Subs Say lalgo! lo yatall (5.3) Giislealh Gols dl any + gpbsll ala ye tll gle penal y Crackin; 4.3 aay of DARD of Ja RB pea cing La UU Ol gt it cll as ie 1 Dalal jal ge Shiny AED 9 Dp jal chaaly lS pay gl Gita Ala + 9}(ip) sl alas cal See al aes gs (4.3) Atel Seat SEH jo Ht (9.5.2.3 <8) 280 que ysl willy fra. Fe eh gees SRE pe Ss Sate 9g Lal GAN uae Lashed oT yy, Ud Me ed Cee eats ww (6.3) Yb Cbaa cfd vy abel 3 Aa 6 pi gt LL 5 pA pst GERD 5 G8 Se _ ReaghbalN Ay phe) QR Cathy Ain glo Gee Lal Se ppenlly ld se ys (600%300 mm ) ate slit Blayuy Agile yd Ae —+ 19 je deny (m= 8) Aneel eles (2.3) JRE 2 peatege US (3200 209m” ) Stns pee OLS Mi) ike pay opal olga cm SLD 30 op Uf, =3.1Mpa) >S) < 33.9 KNim gg shy aba elinsyt =: dal Ag = 300 600 + (813200) = 202400 mm7 202400 y, = 300x 600< 300 +7 %3200% 500 yy = 322 mm yp = 000-322 = 278 mm Ys = 278-100 =178 mm fot (2.3) dss = (13) Daa cakes! ga pst Sf che300% 600° 1 3006010 22? 43200 721787 =6197x10° mu! 6. Mattes oo BUEN 19 te aN Yb 278 Mtigh LS Gaga) dag Say Gite yt ghia ale Mer >33.9 fly _ My 33.910 «322 *222 2 1.76.N/mm? (Mpa) 6197 x10" TMs 833,941 78x10° =7.79 1 6197x106 aeshady Hilal» ja cy y6 sie Saka ySD yes ayant CUbge I Lag ial aaady RST LT Les gl ee 5 pall lad oP Aa ghee Stell Lely alae «Rahs sed Galen GLEN shady Lys ¢ pascal Clipe yl Sg ge hy a ll ye Ran gt 2g8) ae bes peel ial wt gph LS hy Cage) ode ba GLY Cou fe= OAS fy fates yall Sf, =140Mpa gf fy = 350 Mpa i f, = 300Mpa Lae typed (5 =170Mpa ot fy = 400Mpa tase E, = 200000 Mpa Spee pg ated yd Jed Aue LI E, = 4700/ f Mpa Fis = Lag (28) pany Ril ll SO ea La =f ty 2 YI lyse all le Ay kD as conte ELAR of lng Vay olla! ny Lyne iy Lis Gi gp ll glad 1 (NLA) eet see ce et ee Lhe + Dai ila ult leat -2 «A sp Nala 22s din fing a Le pa La fee Jagr 3 «begin GY ean any sally Sake 2 Gy lal ayn rdwt La Rana Fyplia ya cAall lat cy jl lia Internal couple method 1334) aja) tig jh —: 14) 4 jb Ff Me Basis ally (NLA) ayuall syne gb pe a Why Ma shal BA 8 =: (3.3 J&aD ee) os 2a cr OS fg bhd = Ay fy & id d-kd eg ce i fe Egkd E,(d—kd) d—kd kd apa yyne Guo = Keo Dlasaiy! Gilg ge ayant 38 ya aay = cal Gaal = d caps id el dead gay 3) 1-k fs= Wee cya Milas Wy gy (7.3) ale ob Gaenyes A AI, Ey sp (8.3) Maelo AR) tes ges Nylas ke aI gy 20 dg mt (py Liss (le) sins Mla ited yey LS Cer OS febkd =A, f, =pbdf, 2 05f.k= pf (bd) Dabs elsbd 2) yaad des pce fy =) 5, fa (8.3) Haat ospek=p Me Of a: gfbedel Shkadl Gé yeas ok? =2patl-b) k =J2pn+ (pny? -pn_-93) =: ohh aay Saha ST aes jl cy (ed /3 Ys leM) phe Ge bien) thes oy of ge Maca y 22 398 Guy andl ol le jd =d—Kkdl3(3.3) ds gett Jls) ost GYLbYL, Glay eos eae ple ag sls ( Ta 9 Je) apo SA p pal Ol atl eg ee jal aly M =C(Jd)=0.5 f, bkidld TF gale gill (etal TARE SUSAR TEAR chet acre discal SR AOR) A Aes Jen ay jell Sols M ST (J4)= A fig MB rcseccscscciace stersean 13) RL al aga) ca ie ly daa 4 peal pall alg gy el tht Ge opsheg apsall ga o ob gLNN Hla le pp shady 4 suall bya) gay PAD tas seb ce jl) I acing AN tea Ge pl shady 4s ¢ yen de Cell wF old Olga! lad castle Lighes aja) 36s Late Te ee (10.3) ates ge RUAN ete! M ee (11.3 Makes ) ast) St eaiga! + Gall Ga 2841 y lakes) aa shad ghany in: ecti th abit ~ Agu 4 col spn Tables isa sea (NLA) sill yaa ape lad a Mh a Gi + (4.3) USED ay Aikee I) Laleee Gye adsl Le(4.3) das yaad glatall Taya A, = nA, noE We, fi (2.3) Ate po lakaall py jo SL bli bell YT ge aga yaa ses sl (kid) Slay poy ok ple eas ys AS A all Ge dake thal 6 Sine (NLA) dy a gg US obi Napa (le alc Vy (Kk) lust Alster GIES hy LS 2 1 nya - kl) 2. oe pnbatd kd) =0 2 “<= pm(l-#)=0 ok? -lpn-2enk=0 k=y 2pn+(pn)? - pm = eg ysl peas Scoble Kau abil gl Uns gl (9.3) Aled eit ay ‘ l= a +nA,(d—kdy* w+ gl LS) Sa yee wr Gales y) aby Ui) vole! passe 5 i AG Mae SE a alah Raunt ac) fSean fos = Ce = Galil, 351) lalga Yl aad slay ySary co gh EL 6 A gh by SAN Ma alty wale ab opel p all Ll ia pais ob (12.3) Aaah ge (M) apy Ae ¢ saul) aall ll uot ule SI) Cialeal ol JS) sini y (13.3) ates ya (M) 2559 Apc peeall cll ol) eas aptall lage! ol «be 300 mm 4s ye Mal es Silla ph Slo pate aia (5,3) EAD 2.3 de Fassel hls AS = 1500 mm? saat dole id=S00mm — dlaill Gaal (ggg ell SLY) pe GSI aly Gall Gla Guten = 8 70 KN. a: gall 2 (5.3) AS Bay gga pall g jell dip —: 19h) di, ph) 1500 k=42, — Se tO Ben ___P*300%500 pn=0.08 2. k= 2«.08+(0.08)? — 0.08 = 0.328 kd = 0.328% 500= 164mm (5.3) Js (2.3) Sal Asad hisk als 208: J 3 0.8 Ja = 445mm 2M 270x108 fei ak. pabe xo eI ATS KJbd2 0.328x0.89% 300 x 500 M __70x10° ot = —— = 14. 9 Mpa fs A, Jd 1500% 445 =6.39Mpa Spall dada 46, So: HN 5, pl mi hls Tags ok sp AS sat yt 3 te sme +x 1500 x (500 164)? = 1795x108 mm 6 M kd _ 70%10 «L64 = 639Mpa I 1795 10° = 6 sis Me kd) _ 8» 70x10 = 164) _ 104. 8Mpe i= Js =" Fee =" d=400mm «b= 250 mm (6.3 dS2ial tals js Age f= 13 le ea al he Aas ey nd pe At T= 8! A, = 100007 f,= 140 Mpa « f, = 12 Mpa-: wt ee ceed layed! -: all _ 1000 P* 350x400 &=0.328 P lad Th BLS sei-*=0389 3gop fee (6.3) Joe d—kd (3.3) dial) al a0 glaiall Ae Cosel sol) lt dees ila Sl halal gf Lae 131 = 2 bkd jd = S250 x400)? .328x.89x107° = 70KN.m mt QW AY Cpanel aD) ol! Laat pss! alga gf Laas 13) 2M = Ag fy dd = 1000» 140.89 x 400 = 49.8% 10° Nm = 49. 8EN mi M =49.8KN in abu » jl ws eSlel ga <2 psd psi diy 2 Ss 2 &=0.328 kd =\31mm J=0.89 Jd =356mm Suny A=") +8000(400-131)? = 766.23 10° mm me gb gga all gl LL SI) aad Jy tlle i J _12%766.23x10° x 131 =P GWA cpanel Sal ol agsall Clslgal J guay Ula G3 aw fol _ 140376623108 n(d=kd) — 8(400=131) 7M = 49.8KN.m = 70108 N.mm = 70KNm = 49.8x10° Vm =49.8KN Ima: abba Aybisd doles dil AN) chal pauai 6.3 Desi; ir Beam: age) yy Scape aptell li Taliony clatall slay! abel pocailly aoaiy Lie silly apall Gogol cole pana sins. Aa plen dabrcall og jelly lez ¢ gamall OD gta LAD ake od gi gas) asly al od Ge ced cilolea dt Lay Sagal Gol 8 LS Didtaly golltll abode le Uyemall ya Al cue y ( qalatl + apes ms (4.3 USA) Clalge Y) uss Sal) ( Kk) Laleall led a Tig fle . fe _ml-k) kd d- Shy k ns D wade ce k fc rk =n(l-k)=n—nk Oped eee VIO SMI os cnaiiacren meen aie nt+T M=05f,KJhd? (10.3) stat pasta R=05/,KI mt gl jay ly M = RBA? eerste 3 (15.3) ou | hd Sak AD Md aay aya gals le aR) = CV Lcsal COU ling ala aa ob bd? gd ans MLL Bleed 9555 psi ge lg idle east itil apy lesa (aio i daglea jt ala -1 ary + SA) Sky pga a gles abe) yp Ayal 5p 965 ah -2 « O88) Sa pyinget Layee SUM sal gy Sy ah -3 4 Mskeall Ge sual Giles pb pS + gbatall seal au yy phen ae cuba ppeaill Lai oieB ss ge gill cltatl a je pill (7.3) Sa gh Anal Asal aanca 1 4.3 fe fy=300Mpa « f= 25Mpa p—siel 24K fms joie es te yt b= 250mm fe = 0.43% 25 =11.25Mpa <1 dll fg =140Mpa for fy =300Mpa E, = 4700725 = 23500 Mpa n=Ey/E, =851 + pane oe Gel Gu 2 8ll ae (ny Ga Sy 9 pasa =: gible 600 mm ~ 18 Gaal Gf yin gt Lill oy sey Wy =0.6x0.25x 24 =3.6KN/m Hy = 4KN Im rem 2 2 ip EE ibe 8 & 9 k k=o= 20.42 Jel= 50:86 ner 9, 10 lai 11.25 250mm k——A gata 24 KNim aH SOA ay eS 3¢ 30 (7.3) dss (4.3) Shall al SpecksRa05x11.25 kJ =2.03 M = Rbd® = 2.03bd" 126 «106 We 2.03 b= 250mm +d = 498mm Jad = 428mm 4 = _ 126x108 5 fyld 140% 428 gl Maglae chai sue y9Sy dle Ay = 707 mm? Cua (930)) ¢ 9) chats pact 2102 = 62.0710° = 2102mm n=——=297 707 (3830) clad praia hadvho4, +40 Seer Sh Gaull h= 498415410440 = 563mm h=570 mm pec] we gt DY Ceska call pe il > gata cyunlll gh + got ki -9, 40 mm ~ ilie Sha yd olla plastid ai (7.3) CSA glo Tats yu glad! Upualitsi is ; B.ABMper ay slag, gach ile ofS (3) olal alaiall SARI p je oo 1.3 fe =20Mpa ae 4930 $00 mm. 100 mm ty 300 mm (Bi Sas Sis WL Ai gle Adah Sag (p) SS p> pad des nal op 2,3 fpe4Mpa, n=8 lle ted i 1 J 435 500 nina mm esr " i oe Oss mm aaa DLO pasted dell padi! cap. gall p jal GLa yay aysall Calg! an atisl dial 3.3, 6 (2.3) Di jul dad pd Gapped a jell gall of be We20 KNim (ial a3 ata) 3.425 to im ImJeksaall p jal GPS VY Le ay 2 sa oblige! Gaal lid daa abd dF em =O &pheeall uleay «Af = 100KN.m m8 ——y 200 mm. a-400 300 mm 200 mm mm 4930 = 100mm Debs) aaah pad LS Uo stale A ly apse lites a 5.9 n=10 Ayjbedl doleays MM =100KN In o=10 (20 KN) ag shay sta pti all gS 15) tah All pane 6.3 fo=\OMpa Yes gyeual Gidley «b= 300mm hia ya ye (fs =140Mpa W=20 KNén agel! plindy) apes y utes Flexural Analysis and Design of Beams Asia 1.4 seat Haga! Ais ghe AMI iligby Cadena! Spl Sl! lad pranaty diles py Win Gb Nga pain gy Ae lad Th hep Uy CUE ell 8 Wye sd Fas paca i LA AE LD glo ached (all gales Gl ques ce os Wy Leal e RaLad Af pill Cala pyanety cules Lpalasiad Strength Method 4.désd 4b 2.4 eM epee AM al le lady SARIN! ola pened AARNet gt egy ead Liga spindly Gast ciblga I puny she gl Bil se Lan glance eihalesy Lill jar Migs plac gh Sal Seal ca pay egal Qlas'il gle ean - (safety factors) Gui cabs cant Spey ase Ligh gg pad alba a ap ay Mal ogy lla aL gf SS gah abe (ines 9} US steal 4 id epee Ul - 5 ell Weak ot Shea! sag pel Juan Lt aya le quill sin des Yy- Ubs Gist CY LRT 5g UI. ks ye Jail te Ciel aie Go cng AaB gil js) aod ay Sale ga gi UES Ah yedee GUT Ty my cet Suing sty (parabola) iS gf IS le GS pills 4361 OF O- oat + aps abst ga pas He gently Ha ll gy apace alas pat Lage gale tia Ge Uta Ge ad ald al Jl a's = (service loads ) Asal dealyeT ela ks cl Dbeol y Rielly Seal Quan! ge Lat Jia yay | (Faotored loads) ( ysail) Habu duet + Cue) Colney Gaia JL pee yl 25: (Design forces and moments) Sjaze—naaill ay jolly 98! > Koa yymal Billy (sell bh alla! p Jo Tha es geal Ulas Tl ge Saal oy julySql (Vy operat) yall 33 (My) papenetl ela! ped jaas Woes easly opal eet ay (Ty) gemsmncttl ll pals (Pip) Laced Say yall (Factored Forces and Moments) liad) Lobe of as aL ystial 05 © (Required strength ) 4 laa! & ylial — eA tb Li Alla A SE Agape py Sally os log lay hai «La gtia gl gl ld Spat 13a y (Miu) ed) pte Aap unall ial) 4s sis : (Nominal strength) 4)! 1.42 - , Taal ee a palsy Ghai Lakhs geal ayy 29S) collin La lial) 4, jt cL Aged!) Leslie jo yey ghaiidl Uaioe Wty cgi 1. JEAN yg hs of X jlal (Try) Sete pls (Py) Sally Sygnall 3 lly (Fy) det vells (My) etl et UaLaie! i all ghaball Laglia yoy: (Design strength) payaaatll 4a fai - 5 cence daly Ge il edgy Spaeth Le lla a pe hale og slaty apacailly aladll ih castily ah yall Cale glie cya SEN pie cl) US Cases Spey La glad pnd Lele pci BARE) Lise Jel ads ates pS chy ppelly hl ages Basic Assumption diy Jal Ayala 5 AMA EAL lye gle Aa at poe gh te ty Lan og ll ee Nye GS pall GaN og I welsh day 2 a Ge ell a 965 gf any oe + coll ayssey Like ysl) hay pl LaLa age y 2 aly EY Ua. a dal ay Kanes GH Gall J Ay gall gL —3 / (NLA) agall yee Ge Sell gee Laie 3 OYLGT GJ gins «Ailes pI) Ulan 5 a2 Citalga! daa} =4 aga y RL ST ald ALY y abet cou Sela ALAN pld gle pis Hy ght —5 + chit algal Maybe ga call gh US ill glee Leads + (2:1) Usa Sas (6) gymall Leyte ge app Y apall sya} -6 :_ Safety F: A blades 3.4 2 giyky Gyn gf oSe Gl! CDseal slg! = tf 42 samall shes! cena) gaa lee gone a Dent iad ta, IM ia lala oy Laat alg) My ley ppesedl aie 8) od dale Ge Ua Glilee) pads ( oa) LLK le kal isa -(lapic paul) Seas clea gle pant 2) pate st oS) NL gg sake CY a cay pth sa 8 af bs Sd ie LI cakes LEN Ug) cate ay GP Ala YN Gs pes gy Ling Sila pally asa Solel cg peal gl ple Haba pay pl Ls jah Dat le ogame GL + gly Legg SN pe Gia GLA Daina ale iy + pgealll bt ll ge alias Ais Ula | « pyeal gb ace LG jis My ay laa g 38 “2 Alt CoD SF GM poet gab ila i Saateall tll y Ohad av! 3 = Aistlly penal aE fe Uline 2 prjelly Madd Ti jal AS Guay in fila Go Ula Lill Spi) a pal Gy Id + ppatlly Sanaa! Ye ghaiall laf Lilist 3-5 + ppamailly stall Wp Gb aha Glucal O55 ¥ af -6 pececa Sok fa aa fe aS oS Lt gd ALN al pal EAN LAE —7 Pay) Ud gy Hadad SDidlea! ge gle gl allay. Load Factors Dl A SB cyte ced Lake Upbeat ST DL ous se la a py aM aay Mealy i ean gt GF ROE DLA oe Oe peel een Lgl ahs Gan ll Sasha AR acd JLT On pL! a 2 BN le ph Gl cans galls Sell U=12D+16L... (A)eo dei=-D gldal=L UihayiheU ce pp Bak ed Dd aca oe al da Ma Ole | RypH ashi gym p28 tal 5 yy Risall JL elas (La) nat dass (RB) 2H (8) ells (W) coast lead Se ae AN GANT CoD aaing 3 60 fb Rly all TL gl) had fe Uf =12D +1.6(L, or Sor R)+(0.0Lor0.8F). (24) U=12D +1.46W +1.0L40.5(L, or SorR). G4) Bh ME Raga gh Gb Lae! Ge cat cau abs 3 uf A ae ee 10%) haan cD Las Ay Hen eal el sit Sy Se « ORs 2% Sy sis pls Slay! Sal 296i) gH lea Uh U 20. 9D +1.GF yen cne oie) cepa ant lh gh a 0 aD ga Mla Sa gd il all Aa Gale te wa Wald acieiy 4 deol) yield Moh caked Byki Sey pened be ce GBMBD Seay gill sal ES cba ony (UI) Heth SR iad (gel ind lly abst al ts Cl paniall peg gil civ tall Strength uction Factors 4 i Coden 2.3.4 Qioey Spend RAL py gle ten chy Agana agKE gle SS Afb gd Way (BY Se Sle AE as AayMiad iad lan comet sally ge sl Lg) jp paid a eect lly (6M ye) jay otal Laat ely td taal, 150 (6 Fy) Set he opel cleat Apap Salad (AY, ) - Lagi mt ag slaay sel Uyllell Ha glial ptigl Gadel bell Hoa das a o=09 20 tS Lad pSady (ill ela etblacasy! Jaa iy pSnts (all ele oll o=07 pels tg gle elec 1 §=0.65 Jakea clase! ill + $=0.75 lls vail) gapanall An gM og flat 3} dt GS ch ts tl Aa fi gf dle ty pows My SOMn Pu SOFn ¥, s0¥n idglsana aad at aga See = J Iai ae Y agahay sha Lalla agli oo 98) 058 ut P, Ki Mate CCE Res SMashy Gas LayB g al e gh 3s CIS QS CLIN J fut, Ue gl gee os a fl He GE al ete Jl vaghd ot tases cna lst (05 f2) a1 ad oS ll cher 8 uakiy! “aLgayl gee oY ely OY) Sod yee oe aril bial JS potty, ail. pant Ae pues Lila i Halle Upte la ge Ge: gle aay HL) pai pe the ty 258 GH ye (1A) ASA ged cecal ales th jas USS slate cgi “ps peal de hag Ml est Gl Ea aan GS pe lly Gia anal nt Bua yall C Ash of! -1 byt dLies ye pepe Sy. YN bine GALT ge tea 451 hye “2 a: hy LS ite SN teal Cail Leeda halen det AGM) jp GT eb aye = b Haka at dalaacatl alge! tee = fay yall my gl) JST Hila pall btaatit Amn HEE OS Ls Cae fibe... (6.4) Halas all La gl gM) aL ysl aly aes Ge Gaull ae Sue hans Gur om ta —B tun (fe) sald ble aie yy Ahad Sy ol Vagal gpa Gael bly! 1 ghldga Bsa Cat pd ME Ayal! pltall O* Lage (005 (7Mpa) dS (0.04) sha eis fe $ 30Mpa ella = 0.72 (cr = 0.56) Yo Wiad LEY of gle ileal!(4) ose Cli GY Lei, tales) 5H San nee gti (7 Mpa) JS! (0.025) ates vais fc $ 30Mpa lf =0.425 1 (B= 0.325) ce Wiad Sav gf ple Ue al Lath, Ci a pie Alle Deel gu. Lael ale Naas blll Gans diet cons nl esl ly 6 UA Ge alsa cu tl anil oy Aa IS GH SL) tps pit Ugly to Bla 38 lala 5S hk cle (Whitney) lial da o« ~{I-4) JE gi gy US : 1 gh (a) 98 lacey Aba Gee gl Lac th CHa fib = 7 flab secssininesienhT A) = yh US (a) ce He ots cxignrionnes (BA) US fh og Ns By 7 ef gle Geass ol Sey Ul sgGh (inp intel gas) gala at yt Chana ay of bool Safe ‘a= 2pe Bye=2 Pe a (8.4) Alstes oe Pie DPitnnnt sone A) a= fie...© of (7A) Maal 8 ving a feeb sy femcd LY=%, (10.4) 2 gts (By r) eS tad o8s (0,8) ak ey hel GYoLal O =p, = 0.85. 4 wf LAY oes TUE Las ia (TMpa) 3345 US (0.05) jloiy 4a Ue, fC <30MPa pid B, = 0.85 Gh gh (0.65) ae eas iY gf glo Hila pal He yile Bi = 0.85 —0.05( f2 -30)/7 0,65 < By £0.85..0.....0:.(124) eb ayn CaaS eas lal Gilat 54 Ayan gh ayaa getty Li Gaany Cali i tll Gl gle Lagi bs aes fut 85 J (Tension failure) 223) J28 outs (f;) € yiabll steal ool! 2-4) (Compression failure) lisa 23 cyainy ¢ piSll sbeat Al assall Lous (0,004) 5 (0,003) cay te cyl ph et te San La 2 oh Cajal Ga ae Fin pall aidgd sie Shai UbiL. Lagis (6, = 0.003) cova TLV) sla a aly = 3980 de Spay Ah ae gl SM oak gd ceeall! ULAR) 2) ULL SI pny aie Ld . (Balanced Failure) gj) fall Diy Li pansd ¢ pias ao gl goal sydd a finy gil shal gpyS ate qubcth apn Laas ple acing LUN ¢ 9} of 2 cgi) apa) Gud Que global Giles Btn Bala einforced AN 4G }) gi Gla) 1.5.4 BLagall ately (f= fy.) ell eed DBD any cll ola fie S east gil saa As apd Uses HH Say aaly oT yd (Ee = Au) = (Dd) aha glaial I Xai 345% (pp Jer Aa Nose Slay jf se hal 2 (1488) eal Gils oe T=C¢ Ay fy =O85f,ab= 08560 fob BEL PPE OBSB LE Bricsenrnreonc 34) ete Sareea) fydpeat pSV dey (6, = 0.003) Sal ado y (1-4 ASS) LMI SHS Gay + gh daa d Ey =200000MPa &_ = 0.003 ELOOOS sig, | Ne Sis Soil crs RONG 2 gahtpp gh gl Aad GU (14-4) Uskes od crag petlry 5 = 0.85), fe 5 eeletecnsne (UB.AY i wri (2.4) SD 8 catnse ci Laat CLARY! gaat ct Reinforced Bea’ AN dual clial 2.5.% Bagh cK LA op SD A Ge il case Ts Ue GS ll all gay A. ep)ey 6 ehcp ass bay p=a pat dads Aid gb alge any Cyn V1 (G) apf ll dey Se GN any 2st (0.003) Yds J go ile a CNL A B55 Spell pee Gt NLA 595+ ( Tension Failure) -—< hbk Met oka od Cll pay (i = 24) GLAM pf Aaeta pe Al eh sb Oo Saal el SY CALA a 5 eo i, gull Lig jie Ute ahh Tobe Aaa Ate 63)8y 65(6y qi tal eee io) @ ‘inforced Bea: aN) Aunt ols APs LE eed A ea Gye pl cyl Raat eat Ot ill ed hy Bele y Oe ashy p= Ap, J dy—oay dd (6, = 0.003) abel MI Melee y gl Gaye adgs Lill Cory « (Compression failure) Saas! (123 atl pag (fy) E aall alee! oll sll Cys hielo atl ISH Se bss cyte Wiled casts LI ow gil Se cl cas LS gh Lat Rall pat lly til Ge sll Bes enc (Codes) tit + ($24) USI gle dave ye Sil ge gl a