Tutorial

Calculation
A) Circular Knitting
Find out the production rate (kg/hour) for the following knitted structure on a fine gauge
circular knitting machine.
Knitted structure
Fabric Weight
Courses per centimeter
Number of feeders
Machine speed
Working efficiency

Plain
120 g/m
18
100
30 rpm
90%

B) Flat-bed Knitting
Calculate the production rate (pieces/hour) for the following knitted structures of a V-bed
knitting machine using different number of feeders.
Knitted structure
Courses per piece
Number of cam systems
No of strokes per minute
Working efficiency

Plain
250 courses
3
25
90%

Find out the production rate (pieces/hour) if a) only use ONE feeder per stroke; and
b) Two feeders per stroke.

Answer
A) Circular Knitting
Production (courses/hour) = 100 x 30 x 60 x 0.9 =162,000 courses/hour
Production (meters/hour) = 162,000 / (18 x 100) = 90 meters/hour
Production (kg /hour) = 90 x 120 g/m /1000 = 10.8 kg/hour
B) Flat Bed Knitting
One feeder production:
One stroke = TWO courses
Production (courses/hour) = 25 x 2 x 60 x 0.9 = 2700 courses/hour
Production (pieces /hour) = 2700/250 = 10.8 pieces/hour
TWO feeder production
Production (courses/hour) = 25 x 2 x2 x 60 x 0.9 = 5400 courses/hour
Production (pieces/ hour) =5400/250 =21.6 pieces/hour

Knitting Instruction for Flat-bed Machine

Apart from production calculation (pieces/hour) on V-bed machine, one of the key
elements for the knitting factory (sweater factory) is to prepare knitting instruction.
What is knitting instruction?
Knitting instruction is the statement used to knit the garment parts and expressed in terms
of courses (fabric length), needles width (fabric width) and fashioning frequencies.
In other words, if a fabric piece is given with how many inches in length and width, you
need to find out the correct number of courses to produce the required length and correct
number of needles width to produce the required fabric width.
A swatch (a small piece of fabric) in correct knitting instruction and knitting tension is
normally prepared before bulk production. One of the common methods used by industry
to determine the stitch tension is to stretch the fabric course wise to its utmost limits
manually and measure the dimension of 10 wales board.
Example
Find out the widening (Part A in diagram) and narrowing (Part B in the diagram) of the
sleeve panel as shown.

Given

Wales per inch : 8

Courses per inch : 6
No. of needles at bottom : 64 needles
Height of A = 13 inches
Height of B = 3 inches
Fabric narrowing by 2 needles each time on each side
Each small square is 1 square inch.

A) Widening (for each side) of A:

Number of needles to be added (on each side)
((16 x 8) 64) /2 = 32 needles (width)
Number of turns for widening: 13 inches x 6 = 72 turns (height)
72 turns / 32 needles = 2 turns 14 needles
ie every 2 turns add 1 needles for 32 times, we will have 14 needles left.
( 2 + 1 + 32 .14)
To make such adjustment, we modify as follows: every 3 turns we add 1 needle for 14
times.
The widening will have two parts:
2 + 1 + 18 (part 1) and 3 + 1 + 14 (part 2)
Check : Part 1 we add 18 needles on 36 courses (2 x 18)
Part 2 we add 14 needles on 42 courses (3 x 14)
Total we add 32 needles (18 + 14) on 72 courses (36 + 42)
B) Narrowing (on each side) for B
No. of needles on each side to be narrowed: (16-12) /2 x 8 = 16 needles
Number of turns for narrowing: 3 x 6 =18 turns
If narrowing by 2 needles each time, number of times will be 16 needles/2 =8
Dividing 18 turns by 8 times = 2 turns..2

which means 2 turns will be less if every 2 turns less 2 needles by 8 times ( 2-2-8).
To make the adjustment, the last 2 turns will have 3 turns instead. The answer should be
2-2-6 (Part 1) and 3-2-2 (part 2)