GROUP 7 WRITING 1

MEMBERS NAME:
1. PRAYOGIK ARGA
2. SUSILOWATI

K2212059
K2212070

Writing Definition

According to Meyers (2005:2), writing is a way to product language, which you do naturally when
you speak. Writing is communication with other in a verbal way. Writing is also a process of
discovering and organizing your idea, putting them on paper and reshaping and revising them.

Rivers (1981: 294) defines writing as conveying information or expression of original ideas in a
consecutive way in the new language.

Elbow (1973) in Brown (2001: 336) state that writing is a two-step process. The first process is
figuring out the meaning and the second process is putting the meaning into language.

Brown, (2001: 336) also claimed that writing is a thinking process. Furthermore, he states that
writing can be planned and given with an unlimited number of revisions before its release.

Nunan (2003: 88) defines writing as the process of thinking to invent ideas ,thinking about how to
express into good writing, and arranging the ideas into statement and paragraph clearly.

Theories of the Aspects

Jim A.P (2010:2) explains that writing skill is complex and difficult to learn. Requiring mastery is not only
grammatical patterns but also the rule of writing such as high degree of organization in the development
of ideas and information and also choosing the appropriate vocabularies and sentence structure to create
a style which is appropriate to subject matter. ( usahakan definisi menggunakan satu kalimat)

Spratt Et Al (2005:16) state that writing involves several sub skills. They involve spelling correctly, forming
letters correctly, writing legibly, punctuating correctly, using correct layouts, choosing the right
vocabulary, using correct grammar correctly, and using paragraphs correctly.

Harmer (1983: 48) points out that there is certain particular needs to be taken into account when teaching
writing, e.g. sentence organization, paragraph arrangement, and coherence in the writing itself. More
specially, it is said that teaching writing requires the elements of writing skill including grammar, sentence
organization, vocabulary, and mechanic

It can be said that teaching writing covers not only the use of grammar such as sentence sense, word
order and mechanic, i,e., the use of graphic symbols, but also teaching writing covers the organization of
ideas expressed into the correct of writing (Madsen, 1983:120)

SPEAKING ASPECTS

Jim AP

Spratt

organization

Harmer

Madsen

organization

vocabulary

vocabulary

vocabulary

grammar

grammar

grammar

grammar

mechanic

mechanic

mechanic
content

Blueprint
NO
INDICATORS
1. Organization
2. Vocabulary
3. Grammar
4. Mechanism
5. Content

Instrument
Write a desriptive text about intersting tourist spot
in your city at least 500 words. You have 45 minutes to
finish your text. The score will be based on:
organization, vocabulary, grammar and mechanism.

Questions of Reability
1.

Do you understand the instruction?

2.

Do you know the topic of test?

3.

Do you know how many words you should write?

4.

Do you know the time allocated to do the test?

5.

Do you know the indicators that will be scored?

Bibliography

Nunan, David. 1998. Desiigning Task for the

Communicative Classroom. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.

Brown, H. Douglas. 2001. Teaching by Principle: An

Imperative Approach to Language Pedagogy, 2nd Ed. New
York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Rivers, W. (1981). Teaching Foreign Language Skills (2nd

ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Harmer, J. (2001). The Practice of English Language

Teaching. Edinburgh: PearsonEducation limited.