Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Projectmanagement 2
Projectmanagement 2
Group 6- Part 2
Members:
s2843586
s2801992
s2902632
s2919932
Kirk Roberts
Isaac Hoban
Lorenzo Lim
Francis Fernandez
1. Project Charter
Revision History
Date
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
28/7/2014
1.0
Lorenzo Lim
4/8/2014
1.1
Isaac Hoban
11/8/2014
1.2
Kirk Roberts
11/8/2014
1.3
Lorenzo Lim
15/08/14
1.4
Francis Fernandez
18/08/14
1.5
Kirk Roberts
18/08/14
1.6
Isaac Hoban
12/09/14
2.0
Isaac Hoban
13/09/14
2.1
Isaac Hoban
Architecture only) and system management tools associated with it over an initial term
of (3) years with two possible one (1) year extensions at the ABCs discretion for a total
term of five (5) years. It is assumed that ABC need new servers because their current
servers might be out of date and need to be replaced. The new servers that will be
implemented will also be able to integrate into the already existing ABC system.
Success Criteria
Person Approving
Scope:
Supply of Server
Hardware and system
management tools.
Project Manager
Project completed
between the dates of
July 28th 2014 and
October 19th 2014.
Project Manager
Project Manager
Time:
Project completion within
the timeframe.
Cost:
Project completion within
budget.
Approach:
The Waterfall model will be the most relevant Software Development Lifecycle(SDLC)
for this project as we will not require any prototypes. The waterfall is being used for this
project as we have clear understanding of the initial requirements for the system to be
developed, and these requirements are to remain unchanged. The ABC has an IT
department so it wont be necessary for us to continually give them new hardware,
implement and maintain them. Prototyping is also not necessary since our only client is
ABC and we would only need to consult them with the project instead of multiple clients.
The agile approach is also not needed because it is a simple hardware procurement
project.
Stakeholders:
The onion diagram is useful when identifying who the key stakeholders are within a
project, it helps you group stakeholders together to become more manageable and
understandable.
Layer 1: Stakeholders tightly integrated with the creation of the project.
Layer 2: People that will be impacted directly by the system.
Layer 3: People backing the project financially.
Layer 4: Stakeholders that are external to the project however are still relevant.
Start and Finish:
Start Date: July 28th 2014
Finish Date: October 19th 2014
Budget:
PERT Estimation
(O + 4M + P)/6
O= Optimistic Estimate
M= Most Likely Estimate
P= Pessimistic Estimate
After researching multiple websites, a budget was calculated using the PERT Estimation
method. These prices have been acquired from the following sites: Umart, Ebay, Brocade and
Cisco.
Configuration
Amount
Requirement
16
$1239
$425
$2137
$500
Management Licences
$900
Warranty
Included with
Hardware
Price
$28,048
Using this amount, we calculated the budget using the PERT Estimation method.
O = $24,000
M = $28,048
P = $50,000
would be $40/hour per person which come to a total of $150-160/hour for the team and $200210/hour with the tech support engineer included.
Level of
Interest
Level of
Influence
CEO (Chief
Executive
Officer)
ABC Senior
Executives
Tech Support
Engineer
Critical
Informati
on
Work
Products
Communi
cation
Method
Strategy
Project Plan,
Project
Updates,
Budget,
Meeting
Minutes
Face to
Face
Weekly
High - Each of
the executives
has a role in
authorising the
project and thus
maintains
substantial
interest in its
progress
Project Plan,
Project
Updates,
Budget,
Meeting
Minutes
Face to
Face
Weekly
High - The
testing
Hardware,
Software,
Email &
Phone
Monthly
System
Informatio
desires a
successful
outcome to the
project in order
to replace the
old hardware
and software
systems
phase of
n
the project
has the
potential to
make a
number of
userinterface
design
changes
Technical
Training
High System
Stakeholde Informatio
r concerns n
about
design are
valuable to
developme
nt, as
satisfaction
ensures
successful
delivery
ABC
Employees
Moderate - The
project is quite
large and
extensive.
Employees may
have questions
about the effect
it may have on
their position
Low - The
involveme
nt of the
stakeholde
r will not
evolve
beyond
elementary
research
gathering
Project
Informatio
n and
Guides
Low - The
project will
not be
Project
Informatio
n and
Project
Updates,
Hardware
Manuals,
Changelogs/R
elease Notes,
Operating
Guides,
Installation
Guides, Data
Centre
Requirements,
Third Party
Certifications,
Standards
Documentation
, Systems
Manuals
Email &
Phone
Monthly
Changelogs,
User Manuals,
Operating
Guides,
Support
Guides
Monthly
Changelogs,
User Manuals,
Operating
Monthly
the progress,
outcome, and
impact of the
end product
influenced
by the
stakeholde
r
Guides
Guides,
Support
Guides
Marketing
Staff
Moderate - The
changes to a
core system of
the client may
be of some
interest to future
marketing
Low - Has
the ability
to make
any details
released
by the
organisatio
n but does
not have
an
influence
on the
direction of
the project
Project
Informatio
n and
Guides
Changelogs,
User Manuals,
Operating
Guides,
Support
Guides
Monthly
Hardware
Suppliers
Low - Consultant
organisations
only interest is
ensuring the
successful
completion of
the task which
they are
employed for
High - Will
be
instrument
al in
constructio
n of the
hardware
in order to
ensure
project
completion
Hardware
Requirem
ents
Hardware
Requirements
Email &
Phone
When
Needed
Software
Suppliers
Low - Consultant
organisations
only interest is
ensuring the
successful
completion of
the task which
they are
employed for
Moderate Will be
involved in
constructio
n of the
software in
order to
ensure
project
completion
Software
Requirem
ents
Software
Requirements
Email &
Phone
When
Needed
Project
Manager
Project Plan,
Budget,
Project
Face to
Face
Weekly
Project Team
control, the
planning, and all
aspects of the
project
the project
manager
will have a
substantial
influence
on the
project
High Decisions
will need to
be
approved
by the
Project
Manager,
but have
the
potential to
have a
large
impact
Updates,
Hardware
Requirements,
Software
Requirements,
Hardware
Manuals,
Meeting
Minutes,
Changelogs/R
elease Notes,
Operating
Guides,
Installation
Guides, Data
Centre
Requirements,
Support
Guides, Third
Party
Certifications,
Standards
Documentation
,
Administration
Manuals,
Systems
Manuals, Best
Practice
Guides, User
Manuals
Time
frame,
Requirem
ents
Project Plan,
Hardware
Requirements,
Software
Requirements,
Changelogs/R
elease Notes,
Data Centre
Requirements
Face to
Face
Weekly
Position
Communication
Available
Communication
Method
Frequency
and
Attendants
Formalit
y
Priority
CEO(Chief
Executive
Officer)
CEO of
ABC
-Office Address
-Email Address
-Phone Number
-Office Hours
Face to Face
presentation and
approval of
Project Plan,
Project Updates,
Budget, Meeting
Minutes.
Weekly
meeting
between
CEO and
Client
Liaison
Formal
High
Tech Support
Engineer
ABC
System
Admin
-Email Address
-Phone Number
Email or phone
meeting for
presentation of
Hardware,
Software,
Project Updates,
Hardware
Manuals,
Changelogs/Rel
ease Notes,
Operating
Guides,
Installation
Guides, Data
Centre
Requirements,
Third Party
Certifications,
Standards
Documentation,
Systems
Manuals.
Phone
Formal
meeting or
email
presentatio
n between
Client
Liaison and
Technical
Trainer
when
deliverables
are
available.
High
Technical
Trainer
ABC
System
Trainer
-Email Address
-Phone Number
Formal
High
ABC
Employees
ABC
System
User
-Mass Email
Address
Formal
Low
Mass
Email/bulletin
containing
Periodical
mass email
from
Changelogs,
User Manuals,
Operating
Guides, Support
Guides.
Project
Manager to
ABC Staff.
News/Televisi ABC
on/Radio Staff System
User
-Mass Email
Address
Formal
Low
Marketing
Staff
ABC
System
User
-Mass Email
Address
Formal
Low
Hardware
Suppliers
Hardware
System
Supplier
-Email Address
-Phone Number
Phone
Formal
discussion
or email
presentatio
n between
Project
Manager
and
Hardware
Supplier
when
deliverables
are
available.
Mediu
m
Software
Suppliers
Software
System
Supplier
-Email Address
-Phone Number
Phone
Formal
discussion
or email
presentatio
n between
Project
Manager
and
Software
Supplier
when
deliverables
are
available.
Mediu
m
Project
Manager
ABC
System
Project
-Office Address
-Email Address
-Phone Number
Face to face
Weekly
meeting for
meeting
presentation and between
Casual
High
Project Team
Manager
-Office Hours
approval of all
documentation.
Project
Manager
and Project
Team.
ABC
System
Developer
-Office
Addresses
-Mass Email
Address
-Phone
Numbers
-Office Hours
Face to face
meeting for
discussion of
any changes to
Project Plan,
Hardware
Requirements,
Software
Requirements,
Changelogs/Rel
ease Notes,
Data Centre
Requirements.
Weekly
meeting
presenting
changes by
Project
Manager to
Project
Team.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Hardware
CEO
Tech support
ABC Employees/System users
Technical Training
Casual
High
F.
G.
H.
Developers
Software suppliers
Project Manager
The Influence/Impact grid, also known as the Influence/Impact matrix, is a tool that involves
focusing on the key set of project stakeholders in order to prioritize stakeholders requests,
spend time as per influence and impact stakeholders have, and lead the project to a success
without stakeholder conflicts.
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
20/08/14
1.0
Isaac Hoban
21/08/14
1.1
Kirk Roberts
14/09/14
2.0
Isaac Hoban
15/09/14
2.1
Kirk Roberts
Functional Requirement
Priority
Priority
Rating
FR001
FR002
FR003
FR004
FR005
FR007
FR008
FR009
FR010
FR011
FR012
TR ID
No.
Technical Requirement
Priority
Priority
Rating
TR001
TR002
TR003
TR004
TR005
TR006
TR007
TR008
Description
For
Hardware
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Software
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Project Plan
Project Manager,
Project Team, Tech
Support Engineer/
Technical Trainer,
CEO(Chief Executive
Officer)
Budget
Project Manager,
CEO(Chief Executive
Officer)
Project Updates
Project Manager,
Project Team, ABC
Employees, Tech
Support Engineer/
Technical Trainer,
CEO(Chief Executive
Officer)
Hardware
Requirements
Project Manager,
Project Team,
Hardware Suppliers,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Software
Requirements
Project Manager,
Project Team,
Software
Suppliers, Tech
Support Engineer/
Technical Trainer
Hardware
Manuals
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Meeting Minutes
Project Manager
Changelogs/Rele
ase Notes
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Installation
Guides
Project Manager,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Data Centre
Requirements;
cooling power,
space and floor
load
Project Manager,
Project Team, Tech
Support Engineer/
Technical Trainer
Support Guides
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Third Party
Certifications
Project Manager,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Standards
Documentation
and Compliance
with Standards
Project Manager,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Administration
Manuals
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Systems Manuals
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,Tech
Support Engineer/
Technical Trainer
Best Practice
Guides
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
User Manuals
Project Manager,
ABC Employees,
Tech Support
Engineer/ Technical
Trainer
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
22/08/14
1.0
Francis Fernandez
25/08/14
1.1
Francis Fernandez
26/08/14
1.2
Francis Fernandez
Task Name
Duration
Predecessor
1.
1.1.
1.1.1.
2 days
1.1.2.
2 days
1.1.3.
3 days
1.2.
Stakeholder Analysis
3 days
1.1
1.3.
2 days
1.1
1.4.
1 day
2.
2.1.
3 days
2.1.1
2.1.1.
2 days
1.4
2.2.
2 days
1.1
2.3.
2 days
2.1
2.4.
2 days
2.1
2.5.
2 days
1.4
2.6.
1 day
1.4,
2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4,2.5
3.
3.1.
Evaluation of Responses
6 days
2.5
3.2.
2 days
2.5,3.1
3.3.
Conduct Negotiation
1 day
3.2
4.
Contract Management
4.1.
Contract Transition
4 days
3.3
4.2.
2 days
4.1
1.4
2.5
3.3
5.
5.1.
6.
6.1.
6.2.
4.2
2 days
3.1,4.1,4.2
3 days
2.6,3.3,4.2,5.1
Celebrate
1 day
4 Estimation
Revision History
Date
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
15/09/14
1.0
Isaac Hoban
19/09/14
1.1
Isaac Hoban
10/10/14
2.0
Isaac Hoban
10/10/14
2.1
Isaac Hoban
4.2 Justification
This technique was chosen as most appropriate for the Waterfall life cycle approach. To
estimate you need to classify each type of function that you are developing, and then count the
appropriate data elements according to function type. Function Point tables are used to convert
these counts into complexity, and the complexity into a function point number. This can be done
at the beginning of each phase of the waterfall structure and allows a better understanding of
the time and resources required during each phase.
4.3 Estimation
Term
Acrony Definitions
m
Function Types
ILF
External Interface
Files
EIF
External Inputs
EI
External Output
EO
External Inquiry
EQ
Element Types
DET
RET
File Types
Referenced
FTR
1-19 DET
20-50 DET
51+ DET
Low
Low
Avg
2-5
Low
Avg
High
6+
Avg
High
High
Complexity of EI
FTR
1-4 DET
5-15 DET
16+ DET
0-1
Low
Low
Avg
Low
Avg
High
3+
Avg
High
High
Complexity of EO and EQ
FTR
1-5 DET
6-19 DET
20+ DET
0-1
Low
Low
Avg
2-3
Low
Avg
High
4+
Avg
High
High
Low
Avg
High
EI
EO
EQ
ILF
10
15
EIF
10
Functionality
Type
Complexity
FP
ILF
RETs - 2
DETs - 10
= LOW complexity
ILF
RETs - 2
DETs - 15
= LOW complexity
ILF
RETs - 2
DETs - 12
= LOW complexity
permission levels.
The system will provide a user
interface allowing users to view
system logs and real time
information.
EQ
FTRs - 1
DETs - 10
= LOW complexity
EI
FTRs - 1
DETs - 15
= LOW complexity
ILF
RETs - 2
DETs - 20
= AVG complexity
10
EQ
FTRs - 1
DETs - 20
= AVG complexity
EO
FTRs - 1
DETs - 20
= AVG complexity
EI
FTRs - 1
DETs - 15
= LOW complexity
EQ
FTRs - 1
DETs - 12
= LOW complexity
EQ
FTRs - 1
DETs - 10
= LOW complexity
TOTAL
55
Effort (Personmonths)
Schedule
(Months)
Average Staff
Inception
0.3
0.8
0.4
Elaboration
1.1
2.3
0.5
Construction
3.5
3.8
0.9
Transition
0.6
0.8
0.7
Inception Elaboration
Construction
Transition
Management
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.1
Environment/CM
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
Requirements
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.0
Design
0.1
0.4
0.6
0.0
Implementation
0.0
0.1
1.2
0.1
Assessment
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.1
Deployment
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
The person month is the average productive (i.e. excluding sickness, courses, vacations, etc)
hours per month per person (full-time) for the organisation (usually about 140 hours).
These results indicate that the estimated time required to build this software would be just over
6 months which is above the timeframe of the project. This may mean that extra effort or
manpower is required to complete the software within an acceptable timeframe. To build this
application in the Java language will take an estimated 2915 lines of code, and most of the effort
and staff available will need to be distributed to the construction of the application.
At the end of each project phase, the estimations will be re-evaluated and updates will be made
if necessary. This will be completed by using the same technique used here with the same
metrics. This will determine if everyone involved in the project understands whether each point
of functionality will require more or less time, effort or resources to complete.
5 Schedule
Revision History
Date
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
12/09/14
1.0
Francis Fernandez
19/09/14
1.1
Francis Fernandez
20/09/14
1.2
Francis Fernandez
The project schedule is a detailed plan of major project phases, milestones, activities, tasks,
and the planned start and end date for each task, and the resources allocated to each task.
ID
Task Name
Start Date
Finish Date
Resources
1.
1.1.
28/07/14
04/08/14
1.1.1.
28/07/14
31/07/14
1.1.2.
28/07/14
31/07/14
1.1.3.
28/07/14
04/08/14
PM
1.2.
Stakeholder Analysis
07/08/14
14/08/14
PM
1.3.
Develop a Communication
Strategy
07/08/14
11/08/14
PM
1.4.
14/08/14
14/08/14
PM
2.
2.1.
18/08/14
21/08/14
PM
2.1.1.
18/08/14
21/08/14
PM
2.2.
18/08/14
21/08/14
PM
2.3.
25/08/14
28/08/14
PM
2.4.
25/08/14
28/08/14
PM
2.5.
18/08/14
21/08/14
2.6.
01/09/14
01/09/14
PM
3.
3.1.
Evaluation of Responses
04/09/14
22/09/14
3.2.
25/09/14
29/09/14
3.3.
Conduct Negotiation
02/10/14
02/10/14
PM
4.
Contract Management
4.1.
Contract Transition
06/10/14
16/10/14
External
4.2.
20/10/14
23/10/14
Review Team
5.
5.1.
27/10/14
30/10/14
Review Team
6.
6.1.
03/11/14
10/11/14
Review Team
6.2.
Celebrate
13/11/14
13/11/14
Gantt Chart
A Gantt Chart graphically represents a project by showing each task as a horizontal bar whose
length is the time needed to complete the task.
Network diagram
Below shows a simple network diagram for this project. The diagram shows the name of the task and its
estimated time of finish. Time estimates are shown in day(s). Please note that not all activities are
included on the diagram as most of it is very direct and linear. The red boxes and line displays the critical
path.
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
19/09/2014
1.0
Lorenzo Lim
23/09/2014
1.1
Lorenzo Lim
25/09/2014
1.2
Kirk Roberts
26/09/2014
1.3
Lorenzo Lim
26/09/2014
1.4
Kirk Roberts
10/10/2014
2.0
Kirk Roberts
The ABC has two committees, the Audit and Risk Committee and the Finance Committee.
These committees oversee changes, provide a communication link between ABC executives,
senior management and auditors and monitor compliance with standards. These committees
have the ABCs best intentions at heart. The objective of the Audit and Risk Committee (which
can be found in their charter) includes The objective of the Committee is to provide
independent assistance to the ABC Board on the Corporations risk, control and compliance
framework, and its external accountability responsibilities.
If the project team or the ABC employees have a concern or opportunity for change they can
bring the change to the attention of the project manager (Lorenzo Lim). The project manager
would then seek the advice of the technical support engineers regarding the feasibility of the
change and the pros and cons. If the change impacts the project greatly then the change will be
presented to the appropriate committee for approval.
Change Request
Submittal
Change Request
Tracking
Change Request
Disposition
and approving or rejecting offers. The project manager will check whether or not parts of the
project have been completed to the project plan and specifications, if something is not
completed to satisfaction it will be re-done. There will also be a group member recording
minutes so the information discussed in the meetings can be brought up at a later date. If a
change occurs then the change log will also be updated.
The Audit and Risk Committee and the Finance Committee review change requests regarding
the ABC, they weigh the positives and negatives of a change and make decisions with ABCs
best intentions.
Baselines
Risk Register
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Risk Management portion of the module in the Project Management
Increment.
Would be re-baselined if new risks would appear or be discovered during
the project depending on the size of risk.
Budget
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Project Estimation portion in the Project Management Increment.
If changes are made to the budget or there is a budget request then the
budget would need to be re-baselined.
Scope
Statement
Document
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Scope Management portion in the Project Management Increment.
If key stakeholders decide and agree to make changes to the Scope, the
Scope Statement will be re-baselined.
Stakeholder
Register
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Stakeholder Management portion in the Project Management Increment.
The stakeholder register will be re-baselined whenever there are changes to
stakeholders of the project.
Work
Breakdown
Structure
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Scope Management portion in the Project Management Increment.
The Work Breakdown Structure will need to be re-baselined whenever there
are any changes that will affect the tasks that need to be completed.
Statement of
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
User
Requirements
Project
Schedule
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Scope Management portion in the Project Management Increment.
The schedule will need to be re-baselined if there are any alterations to the
schedule, whether it was increased or decreased.
Project
Acceptance
Criteria
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Project Closure portion in the Project Management Increment.
The Project Acceptance Criteria will need to be re-baseline when the scope
of the project would altered. The acceptance criteria for the project may also
be altered when the scope is altered.
Product
Requirement
Documentation
Product
Acceptance
Reports
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Project Closure portion in the Project Management Increment.
The Project Acceptance Reports will need to be re-baselined if the scope of
the project would be altered. The acceptance criteria for the project may
also be altered if the scope should be altered.
Change Log
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Change Management portion in the Project Management Increment.
The changelog would require to be re-baselined every time something
would be altered in the project or a change would be made.
Estimation
Document
The first version of this baseline(Version 1.0) was established during the
Estimation portion in the Project Management Increment.
The document will need to be re-baselined if the estimation need to be
altered or modified
Figure 6.2.2.1
Figure 6.2.2.2
Discussing alterations and changes to the project and approving or disapproving said changes.
Prioritizing the incorporation of approved changes.
Scheduling the changes for forthcoming release.
As shown in the configuration item list, during an appropriate phase of the project the items are
baselined when they are first released. Once they have been baselined, requests to change
them will need to follow the correct CCB processes. The process for the CCB are the same as
for CAB (see figure 6.2.2.2), except they are specifically for the configuration items. If a
baseline change is successfully passed through CCB then the changes can be made. Likewise
if a baseline change request is denied, the requester could update their request and apply for
the next CCM meeting.
When there is a change request for a configuration item, it is the obligation of the requestor to
action the change to the configuration item. This may be accomplished by the requestor or
another team member. The version number must be recorded in order to specify which version
was the original and the number will also keep track of all subsequent changes. The format of
the version number is as follows:
Alterations will be recorded in decimal increments: ie. 0.1,0.2 etc
When baselined, the item will be defined as 1.0
Subsequent alterations will be recorded as decimal increments:ie.1.1, 1.2
When re-baselined, the item will be defined as 2.0
The Version records will need to have the date and the person making the entry recorded. All
versions of the configuration items must be recorded in case a previous version needs to be
given to the project manager for reference at meetings.
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
10/10/14
1.0
Isaac Hoban
11/10/14
1.1
Isaac Hoban
12/10/14
1.2
Isaac Hoban
13/10/14
1.3
Kirk Roberts
14/10/14
1.4
Isaac Hoban
14/10/14
1.5
Kirk Roberts
Risk Identification
There are a range of common issues that should always be considered within risk management
when attempting any project. Schedule and progress of a project often struggle and should
be checked at milestone achievement or major events. Resources and costs within the project
can cause issues with expenditure on people and materials. The nature of software functions
and structure of code, and changes to these can create issues to the growth and stability of a
project. Product quality, technical adequacy and development performance must also be
monitored for issues as the development process can vary in terms of efficiency and
performance.
These risks may affect the project in some way and will need to be identified and documented in
order to complete a successful project. Risks will be identified using the three techniques,
documentation review, information gathering and SWOT analysis, and then documented within
the risk register. To ensure that risks are identified throughout the project life cycle these
techniques may be used during each phase.
Documentation ReviewThe project planning documents created will be reviewed at the end of the planning phase, and
again after any subsequent updates or modifications are made. This will give the project team a
greater indicator of risk in the project, as the reviews will assess the quality and completeness of
the documentation.
Information GatheringThis technique will involve two sub-techniques, brainstorming and the Delphi technique.
Brainstorming will be used to help develop a comprehensive list of possible risks with the
assistance of many project team members. Brainstorming will occur early in the planning stage
of the project. This will allow a comprehensive initial list of risks to be produced before
development starts.
The Delphi technique is where ideas about project risk can be raised anonymously through
questionnaires. Once all functionality and requirements of the system are known and confirmed,
the Delphi technique will be used to source information from project team members once the
specific details of the project are known. This should allow for greater risk identification as team
members and stakeholders are able to comment on risks anonymously; this should result in
more truthful and critical analysis of the possible risks the project could face.
SWOT AnalysisThis technique will be performed after the Delphi technique, late in the planning phase, when
the specifics of the project are known. A group of team members will collaborate to identify the
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the project. Using this information, steps
will be taken to ensure the strengths are retained and the opportunities are exploited.
Risk Classification
Risk TaxonomyRisks will be categorised into the following different categories that reflect what type of risk they
are, and help identify the people and resources required to solve said risk.
Usability- risks involving the end user experience of software provided.
Technical- risks that could affect the hardware or the integration of hardware.
Functional- risks that could affect management software provided.
Financial- risks caused by, or that affect project costs and budgeting.
Organisational- risks caused by, or that affect project stakeholders.
Management- risks propagated by time management, or lack thereof.
Market- risks regarding the supply of project hardware and software.
Other- unknown risks that may appear during the project.
Qualitative Risk AnalysisOnce risks have been placed into the risk register under their respective risk categories, as
outlined above, qualitative risk analysis is performed to further differentiate, classify and assign
values to each risk in the register. In order to perform qualitative risk analysis the risk probability
and impact assessment method is used in order to determine the priority in which to allocate
resources to mitigate risks, assesses the probability of occurrence, impact, time-frame, and the
causes and interrelationships of risks. The risk impact matrix is then used to visually display and
analyse risk information as shown in the example below. Risks will be classified according to
this scale.
Addressing Risks
Once risks have been identified and classified in the risk register, plans will be developed to
address, mitigate and manage them. Risks will either be mitigated, accepted, or avoided
entirely. The avoidance strategy eliminates the possible deviation by changing the project
deliverables against which the deviation is defined. The mitigation strategy sets out to alter the
likelihood or the impact of the risk. The acceptance strategy merely acknowledges the risk, but
does not specify any action to take in response to the risk.
Techniques that will be used to address risks include strategies for negative risks or threats,
strategies for positive risks or threats, and contingent response strategies. Negative risks are
those that hinder the project and its objectives. Negative risks will either be avoided, mitigated
or accepted. Positive risks are those that are beneficial to the projects objectives. Acceptance
can also be used as a method in this technique.
In the event that a risk cannot be prevented there are response strategies that are developed for
specific risks and situations, and as contingency or fall-back plans. The risks under this
technique are carefully tracked and monitored, and the strategies are only executed under
specific pre-defined conditions.
The risk manager role is assigned to the project manager, who is responsible for evaluating and
adjusting the risk register periodically, monitoring the project and recognizing the occurrence of
factors that result in realized risks. They must also track and facilitate the timely response to
realized risks, communicate realized risks to the project team and report risk management
activity according to communications plan.
The risk response decision makers role is assigned to the project sponsors, who are
responsible for approval of responses to realized risks and requesting further evaluation if
insufficient information is available to support the decision.
Risk Assessment
The project team will assess risks with a variety of techniques which monitor and track activities
for risk. Some of these activities include performing qualitative and quantitative risk analysis and
the creation of a probability/impact matrix.
When performing qualitative risk analysis, identified risks are ranked on their probability of
occurring and potential impact on the project and then updated in the risk register. Qualitative
risk analysis occurs at the beginning of every phase, however the Project Manager may initiate
qualitative risk analysis at any time throughout the life of the project. By monitoring and tracking
risks in this way the project will benefit from improved risk assessment and control.
Risk Review
To ensure that risks are kept current and relevant to the project, the risk owner is responsible for
reviewing risks identified in the risk register through a variety of tools and techniques. Some of
these techniques has been previously mentioned with quantitative risk analysis and qualitative
risk analysis, however other techniques include:
Top Ten Risk Item TrackingThe top ten risk item tracking is a tool that is derived from the output of qualitative risk analysis.
Top ten risk item tracking is reviewed any time there is a change to any risk on this list. This tool
is used to identify the ten top risks which are then placed on a list which aid in the monitoring
and tracking of risks. It is also used as an awareness tool for the risk owner which can then be
used to update stakeholders throughout the life of the project.
Identify New Risks / Retire old RisksOnce a week the project manager will call a meeting with the project team giving them the
opportunity to identify any new risks to the project. During this meeting old risks are reviewed
and retired if no longer relevant.
Risk Scheduling
Scheduling the review of risk monitoring activities is important in any project so that risks are
kept current and risk responses are relevant. Below is a table that outlines previously discussed
monitored risk activities and their frequency.
Qualitative risk analysis is applied at the beginning of each phase or when the Project Manager
deems it to be necessary. The probability/impact matrix can be used any time a new risk is
identified or an old risk changes, and quantitative risk analysis is required when more
clarification is needed on identified risks.
Event
or Risk
Classificati
on
Positive
or
Negative
Response
R1
Develop
ment/Har
dware
late
Management
Negative
Moderate
Major
High
MitigationBetter
scheduling
Adjust
schedule,
communicate
with project
sponsor
R2
Over
budget
Financial
Negative
Moderate
Major
High
AvoidanceUpdate budget
When a
change is
made update
the budget
immediately
R3
Over
time
frame
Management
Negative
Moderate
Major
High
AvoidanceMeet
deadlines
Update gantt
chart and
meet
deadlines
Technical
Negative
Likely
Moderate
Signific
ant
MitigationFollow
manuals and
seek help
A subject
matter expert
may assist
with complex
problems
Market
Negative
Unlikely
Moderate
Modera
te
AvoidanceFind new
supplier
R4
Hardwar
e does
not work
R5
Hardwar
e does
not meet
needs
R6
Technical
Negative
Rare
Major
Signific
ant
MitigationPurchas latest
hardware and
software
Make sure
hardware and
software
current with
the times
before
purchasing
Technical
change
impacts
project
(Innovati
on)
R7
Does not
meet
scope
Management
Negative
Moderate
Catastrop
hic
High
AvoidancePlanning
Ensure
scope is
defined
specifically,
what will and
will not be
completed.
R8
Integratio
n is not
smooth
Technical
Negative
Likely
Moderate
Signific
ant
MitigationChose an
appropriate
time to
implement
system
Integrate
system when
not in office
hours to
create least
amount of
downtime.
R9
System
has
security
vulnerabi
lities
Technical
Negative
Moderate
Major
High
MitigationFollow safety
Follow security practices for
guidelines
both physical
and electronic
systems
R10
Users
are not
trained to
use
system
Usability
Negative
Almost
Certain
Moderate
High
AcceptanceStaff must be
trained to use
the system
Have training
for staff and
keep manuals
easily
accessible
R11
Commun
ication
problems
between
stakehol
ders
Organisationa
l
Negative
Moderate
Moderate
Signific
ant
MitigationHold regular
meetings with
stakeholders
Encourage
stakeholders
to voice their
opinions
during
meetings
R12
Stakehol
ders stop
supportin
Negative
Unlikely
Catastrop
hic
High
Address
stakeholders
concerns
Organisationa
l
g the
project
R13
A lot of
changes
occur
Organisationa
l
Positive/N
egative
Moderate
Minor
Modera
te
AcceptanceChange can
be good
Follow
change
management
protocol
R14
System
becomes
broken/
unusable
Other
Negative
Unlikely
Catastrop
hic
High
MitigationEnsure
enough time is
allocated for
system
integration
testing.
Implement
previously
working
iteration of
system and
investigate
where
problems
have
occurred.
R15
Users
dont
engage
with the
manage
ment
software.
Usability
Negative
Unlikely
Major
Signific
ant
MitigationPrior to
release ensure
all users are
kept informed
of the project
and trial user
tests.
Provide
questionnaire
s for user
feedback, and
act upon that
feedback to
improve
system.
R16
Administr
ator does
not
engage
with the
manage
ment
system.
Usability
Negative
Unlikely
Major
Signific
ant
AvoidanceProvide more
Ensure
training.
training is
provided to the
administrator/s
prior to roll
out.
R17
The
successf
ul project
plan
could be
used as
a
template
Other
Positive
Moderate
Moderate
Signific
ant
AcceptanceEnsure project
plan is
followed 100%
and system is
implemented
without any
major issues.
Mitigate any
shortcomings
as much as
possible
for other
server
projects.
R18
Failure to Market
adequate
ly
address
enquiries
from
tenderers
Negative
Moderate
Major
Signific
ant
MitigationImplement
standardised
procedures for
responding
to enquiries
Provide staff
with
appropriate
tender
management
training and
experience
R19
No
response
from
known
quality
suppliers
Market
Negative
Unlikely
Moderate
Modera
te
MitigationEnsure
accurate
tender
documentation
and
specifications
and allow
sufficient time
for
tenderers to
respond
Improve
market
knowledge.
Review
specifications
or
conditions
R20
Loss or
damage
to goods
in transit
Other
Negative
Unlikely
Major
Signific
ant
MitigationInclude
appropriate
packaging
instructions in
specification.
Agree on
insurance
cover
for supplier to
provide
Accept
delivery only
after
inspection.
Know when
title of goods
is
transferred to
buyer.
Ver.
Author
Addition/Alteration
16/10/14
1.0
Isaac Hoban
16/10/14
1.1
Isaac Hoban
18/10/14
1.2
Kirk Roberts
18/10/14
1.3
Lorenzo Lim
18/10/14
1.4
Isaac Hoban
18/10/14
1.5
Francis Fernandez
Due date - All sections were completed before or on the due date set according to
the Task List in Section 9.2. Some sections were over the estimated time required,
but proper scheduling helped avoid non-submittal.
Quality - The workbook content has been accurate owing to the original feedback
given during Audit 1. The project was given a score of 77%. Points were taken off in
areas of stakeholder analysis and deliverables, but all inaccurate content was
worked on until positive feedback was received. Audit 2 gave a score of 81% and
previous inaccuracies were marked as rectified showing an improvment in quality.
Meetings - A weekly meeting was held every week after the project management
workshop to discuss new work and any problems each team member had. This
helped solve many issues that arose throughout the project.
Catch-up - The group came together via phone, email or in person to discuss all
aspects of the project when any member was unable to attend a group meeting or
workshop to ensure a complete group learning experience throughout the project.
This section was completed by Francis. Preparation for this section was initially
planned to take around 7 hours to complete. Even after having the required inputs
such Work Breakdown Structure, Scope Analysis and an extra hour slack time from
the preceding task, this section took 9 hours to finish. Time was wasted in
presenting the Gantt chart using a third-party, open-license program the Gantt
Project. The program provides same services like Microsoft Project. Time was
needed to understand its use and training for this program was not planned initially.
Section 5- Estimation
This section was completed by Isaac. It was estimated that it would take 10 hours to
complete. However it only took 7 hours to complete with the help of the Cocomo II
software, and a further 3 hours to edit at a later date for better accuracy. This
section was straightforward once a software system plan was developed and was
completed well within the time limit.
Section 6- Change Management
This section was completed by Kirk and Lorenzo. We estimated it would take roughly
10-15 hours to complete. After working on this section for a couple of hours, it was
roughly estimated that in total it took 12 hours to complete. We completed this
section rather easily with a little research and information from the workshop.
Section 7- Risk Management
This section was completed by Isaac and Kirk. This section was estimated to take
10-15 hours. It actually took us 11 hours. Which is right between what we thought it
would take.
Evaluation
Google Docs
Great for group work, allows for all group members to edit in realtime and saves to the cloud (Google Drive).
Face-to-face
Text
messages
Phone call
Phone calls were very useful when trying to locate each other
when meeting on campus for group meetings.
and with every change to the project, the initial baseline will be re-baselined
creating new versions. This part of the workbook helped me better understand how
change is handled in a project.
Risk management brings attention to any problems that could have a major
impact on the project in an easily displayed, updateable process, making it very
necessary for any project.
Allocated
to
Due Date
Status
Comments (include
who finished task, date
complete)
Business
experience and
project
description
written.
Lorenzo Lim
28/7/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
28/7/2014
Project
objectives,
success criteria
and project
approach listed.
Isaac Hoban
4/8/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
4/8/2014
11/8/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
11/8/2014
Identify Primary
Kirk Roberts
stakeholders and
complete Onion
Diagram.
Calculate budget
estimate.
Lorenzo Lim
11/8/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
11/8/2014
Design
stakeholder
analysis and
communication
strategy
Francis
Fernandez
15/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
15/08/14
Complete
stakeholder
analysis.
Kirk Roberts
18/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
18/08/14
Complete
communication
strategy and
stakeholder
influence grid.
Isaac Hoban
18/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
18/08/14
Complete scope
description.
Isaac Hoban
20/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
20/08/14
Complete
deliverables
table.
Kirk Roberts
21/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
21/08/14
Begin work
breakdown
structure tree.
Francis
Fernandez
22/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
22/08/14
Complete work
breakdown
structure tree.
Francis
Fernandez
25/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
25/08/14
Complete work
breakdown
structure table.
Francis
Fernandez
26/08/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
26/08/14
Edit stakeholder
analysis.
Isaac Hoban
12/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
12/09/14
Edit
Isaac Hoban
13/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
communication
strategy.
13/09/14
Edit scope
description.
Isaac Hoban
14/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
14/09/14
Edit product
deliverables.
Kirk Roberts
15/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
15/09/14
Begin project
estimation.
Isaac Hoban
15/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
15/09/14
19/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
19/09/14
Begin Schedule
Francis
and Gantt Chart Fernandez
19/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
19/09/2014
Add network
diagram and
critical path
Francis
Fernandez
19/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
19/09/2014
Complete
schedule and
diagrams
Francis
Fernandez
20/09/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
20/09/2014
Start
Configuration
Items
Lorenzo Lim
20/09/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
20/09/2014
Continue
Configuration
Items and start
Configuration
Management
System
Lorenzo Lim
23/09/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
23/09/2014
Begin change
management
Kirk Roberts
25/09/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
25/09/2014
Complete
Configuration
Items and
Change
Management
System
Lorenzo Lim
26/09/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
26/09/2014
Complete
Kirk Roberts
26/09/2014
Complete
Completed by assignee on
change
management
26/09/2014
10/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
10/10/14
Added
complexity level
tables.
10/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
10/10/14
10/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
10/10/14
Began Risk
Management
Plan.
Isaac Hoban
10/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
10/10/14
Completed Risk
Management
Strategy.
Isaac Hoban
11/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
11/10/14
Completed Risk
Monitoring
Strategy.
Isaac Hoban
12/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
12/10/14
Began Risk
Register.
Kirk Roberts
13/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
13/10/14
Added to Risk
Register.
Isaac Hoban
14/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
14/10/14
Completed Risk
Register.
Kirk Roberts
14/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
14/10/14
Began Project
Review.
Isaac Hoban
16/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
16/10/14
Added project
review criteria.
Isaac Hoban
16/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
16/10/14
18/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
18/10/14
18/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
18/10/14
Isaac Hoban
18/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
18/10/14
18/10/14
Complete
Completed by assignee on
18/10/14
Time spent
Task
11/08/14
3 Hours
18/08/14
2 Hours
21/08/14
2 Hours
25/09/14
2 Hours
26/09/14
7 Hours
10/10/2014 1 Hour
13/10/14
2 Hours
14/10/14
2 Hours
18/10/14
3 Hours
Comments
Time spent
Task
4/8/2014
2 Hour
18/08/14
3 Hours
20/08/14
2 Hours
12/09/14
2 Hour
Comments
interest columns.
13/09/14
1 Hour
14/09/14
2 Hours
15/09/14
3 Hours
19/09/14
4 Hours
10/10/14
2 Hours
Edited estimation.
10/10/14
1 Hour
10/10/14
1 Hour
11/10/14
4 Hours
12/10/14
3 Hours
14/10/14
1 Hour
16/10/14
1 Hour
16/10/14
1 Hour
18/10/14
1 Hour
Added Risks.
Time spent
Task
11/8/2014
2 Hours
14/8/2014
2 Hours
19/8/2014
3 Hours
16/09/2014
2 Hours
Comments
management.
23/09/2014
2 Hours
26/09/2014
3 Hours
18/10/14
2 Hours
18/10/14
4 Hours
Time spent
Task
22/08/14
2 Hours
25/08/14
3 Hours
26/08/14
2 Hours
19/09/14
3 hours
19/09/14
3 hours
20/09/14
3 hours
18/10/14
3 hours
Comments