DISCUSSION

This process control laboratory is about to run open and closed loop process. In
this report Liquid Flow Process (FIC 31) is being used. By using the response
curve from the loop analysis, Response Rate (RR), Time delay (Td) and Time
constant (Tc) are calculated by using Reformulated Tangent Method. After
that,Tuning Rules by Chien, Hrones & Reswick (CHR). PI calculation is chosen
because of our value of RR is small.
At the beginning, the initial value set point of MV is 35%. After sometime,
when MV value is 40% the value PV (%) is 6.15. Response Rate at this time is
27.15 s-1 . Dead time (Td) is 0.0150s. PB, I and Kc values are calculated using the
formula and the value obtained are 68.01% , 0.06s and 1.4703 respectively.
Critical time (Tc) is 0.0526s.
Next, by performed the load disturbance test, the value of MV is increased
from 47.3 to 57.3%, and observes the response curve as well as wait until the
response curve become stable. Summary for all control loop and all test result in
table 5, 6 and 7.

Next, by performed the load disturbance test, the value was set back to the
initial value which is 35%. the value is set to the highest value which is 50%.
After set up and running the process control system in Auto mode, enter the
value of controller gain (Kc) and integral time (I) that has been calculated
manually using Chien, Hrones & Reswick (CHR) into the system control. During
the process, the response curve is observed and analyzed. Whenever the
response curve is oscillating and active, the process is tuned until the response
curve is stable and process is closed to the set point. Tuning is the process of
setting control loop gains or other control variables to achieve optimum value and

stable performance. The value of controller gain, Kc and integral time, I are the
control variables that was considered to achieve optimum controller setting. In
this experiment, there is no exact value for the process to achieve an optimum
performance. Under steady state condition, when the graph line of set point and
process (PV) variable is equal then it is considered as optimum performance. In
tuning process, whenever the response curve are oscillate very fast, the value of
the controller gain, Kc have to be reduce by divide the original value by 2 or 4
and increase the integral time, I value by multiply by 2 or 4 or with other valu e.
But in this report based on the experiment the process is already stable right after
the values are inserted. When the MV is 50% the value obtained the RR is
27.36s-1 and the Td, PB and I values are 0.015s, 68.54% and 0.06s respectively.
The value of Kc obtained is. 1.459.