MITSUBISHI

ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM

FOR
CONTAINER VESSELS

MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.

NAGASAKI SHIPYARD & MACHINERY WORKS
MARINE MACHINERY DESIGN DEPARTMENT

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

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CONTENTS
1. HISTORY OF MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System)
2. ADVANTAGES & FEATURE OF MERS
Established STG whole system by One Design Dept
Component of each equipments for STG whole system
3. INTRODUCTION OF RESPECTIVE SYSTEM
Eco-TG (Economizer Steam Turbine Generator)
STG (Super Turbo Generating System)
PTG (Power Turbine Generator)
Hybrid Turbocharger Generating System
4. COMPARISON OF APPLICATION FOR EACH SYSTEMS
For Comparison for 8K98ME-C & 12K98ME-C
For Comparison for Generated output
For Comparison for Provision & Economic Fee

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

1. HISTORY OF MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System)
Transition of MERS for Motor Vessels
SETS OF STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR
50
45

Single press.

Dual press.

Dual press.

Hot water flush

40

STG

35

STG

30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Since the 1973 oil shock, various energy-saving system adoption for plants was considered and waste heat
recovery generator had been actively introduced. However, fuel-saving main diesel engine has appeared into
market, hull body and diesel engine design was improved to save energy, and low output system was developed
based on the said environment, so that an application scope of the turbo power generating system utilizing
exhaust gas energy has become limited.
As typical event, Hot water flush steam generator turbine and STG have been developed in 1983~1985 and
installed to 19 and 4 newly-built vessels, but occurred the economizer low temperature corrosion on the few
ships.

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Production record of MERS

Conventional Eco-TG : Total over 300 ships

Hot Water Flush Steam Generating System : Total 19 ships

For VLCC

: 9 ships

For Container

: 8 ships

For PCC

: 2 ships

Steam Turbo Generating System (STG : whole system) : Total 4 ships

For VLCC

: 4 ships

Steam Turbo Generating System (STG : Only for Power turbine) : Total 12 ships
For Container
: 12 ships

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Introduction of typical system (Hot Water Flush Steam Generator Turbine)
120

Ship service steam

LP steam

Economizer
LP steam separator

Mixed fluid of
steam and hot water
is separated to
Steam and hot water.

Flush Turbine

Heating
service

Generator

HP steam

Condenser

Aux. Boiler
Hot water flusher
Energy of the separated hot water
will be recovered by steam turbine
through the Hot water Flusher
Booster pump

36

Sea water

Condensate pump

Suction air
250

Boiler water
circulating Pump

Feed water pump

90

Main Engine
Engine Scavenging
Air cooler

40

Scavenging air cooler

Turbo charger
Exhaust gas manifold

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Introduction of Eco-TG system diagram
USE
TYPE
SYSTEM NAME

DRIVING GENETATOR TURNBINE + GENETAL SERVICE

MONO PRESS.

MONO PRESS.(NOT PREHEATER)

DUAL PRESS.

DUAL PRESS.

DUAL PRESS.(NOT PREHEATER)

MARK-

MARK-A

MARK-S

170

180

145

150

158

100

95

115

120

115

1.T/G driving the generator turbine and

service steam are covered on a
voyage.

1. The tube corrosion without concern

because there is no preheating
section.

1. The tube corrosion without concern

because there is no preheating
section.

4. Drain from Low-pressure separator is

used for Feed water heating.

1. T/G driving the generator turbine

(High-pressure superheater steam)
and service steam (Low-pressure
saturated steam) are covered on a
voyage.
2. Section of superheater, Highpressure evaporation, Lowpressure evaporation and
preheating are organized.
3. The boiler water Circulating special
pump is necessary in the Lowpressure evaporation section.
4. The feed water flows directly into
the drum, the oxidation corrosion
internal tube of preheating section
can be prevented.
5. Mixed generator turbine is possible.

It is suitable for the vessel is not used

an external heat source for feed water
heating.

It is suitable for the vessel is used an

external heat source of main engine
air conditioner for feed water heating.

The same as the left.

SYSTEM

OUTLET GAS
TEMP.
ELECTRIC
POWER RATIO
FEATURE

2. Section of superheater,
evaporation and preheating are
organized.

1. T/G driving the generator turbine

(High-pressure superheater steam)
and service steam (Low-pressure
saturated steam) are covered on a
voyage..
2. Section of superheater, Highpressure evaporation, Low-pressure
evaporation and preheating are
organized.

3.Mono pressure type is simple as

Exhaust Gas Economizer system for
T/G driving the generator turbine.

3. The boiler water circulating pump is

unnecessary in the Low-pressure
evaporation section.

APPLICATION
VESSEL

For generation electric power is small,

it is suitable for the vessel with small
electric power demand inboard and
equipped intermediate velocity engine
with high-temperature of exhaust gas.

The same as the left.

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

2. ADVANTAGE & FEATURE OF MERS
Established STG whole system by One Design Dept
One design dep't can establish the whole system with single supplier & responsibility

Number of
designer150

Turbo charger designing section

Turbocharger, Power turbine

Marine boiler designing section

M/E

Economizer
SGM

Marine turbine designing section

Steam turbine generator
Ship service power
G
~

D/G

G
~
G
~
G
~

D/G

To economizer

Cyoryo control system

Marine control system dep
dept
Shaft generator / motor
Power management system

PMS
D/G
D/G

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Component of each equipments for STG whole system
DCS or IAS

By shipyard
By MHI sub vendor

Power Management System

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

STG system
Generator

Steam turbine Power turbine

* : MHI supply all relevant equipment by

SINGLE RESPONSIBILITY as package for STG

Exh. gas boiler

Main engine
STG

0Shaft Gen. / Motor

By shipyard
MAN B&W
Wartsila
MHI-UE
By MHI sub vendor

Diesel Generator 1
: MHIs Scope of supply
Diesel Generator 2

Diesel Generator 3

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Eco-TG (Economizer Steam Turbine Generator)
(1) System diagram of Eco-TG without gas bypass
Scavenge air
cooler

Exhaust gas
4.0k x sat.

Central cooling
water

4.0k
LP
Drum

Economizer

21,700kg/h x 135
7.5k x sat. x 5,500kg/h
7.0k x 233

6.5k x 228 x 10,400kg/h

Ship service load

HP
Drum

Main
Engine

3.5k x sat. x 5,800kg/h

S/T2,150 kWe

Generator=2,150 kWe
Gland
condenser
16,200kg/h x 38

Condenser

Suction air

Main engine
jacket cooler

21,700kg/h x 41

586,800kg/h x 248.5

7.5k

41

Atoms. Drain
tank

Feed water
pump

Turbocharger

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

(2) System diagram of Eco-TG with gas bypass
Scavenge air
cooler

Exhaust gas
4.0k x sat.

Central cooling
water

4.0k
LP
Drum

Economizer

32,150kg/h x 135
7.5k x sat. x 5,500kg/h
7.0k x 294

6.5k x 289 x 21,500kg/h

Ship service load

HP
Drum

Main
Engine

3.5k x sat. x 5,150kg/h

S/T4,000 kWe

Generator=4,000 kWe
Gland
condenser
26,650kg/h x 38

Condenser

Suction air

Main engine
jacket cooler

32,150kg/h x 41

525,240kg/h x 309.4

7.5k

41

Atoms. Drain
tank

Feed water
pump

Turbocharger

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

(3) Outside view of AT52 type steam turbine generator
Main oil pump

Local gauge board

Oil cooler
Turning device
Gland seal system

Lube oil temp. control valve

Oil press. control valve

Control oil strainer Aux. oil pump

Reduction gear
Steam turbine

Generator
Common bed
Oil tank

Lube oil strainer

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

(4) The condition of FAT (Factory Acceptance Test)

Generator

Steam turbine

Reduction
Gear

Oil Pump
Oil Strainer
Common Bed with Oil Tank

Oil Cooler

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MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

STG (Super Turbo Generating System)
(1) System diagram of STG
Scavenge air
cooler

Exhaust gas
4.0k x sat.

Central cooling
water

4.0k
LP
Drum

Economizer

26,700kg/h x 135
7.5k x sat. x 5,500kg/h
7.0k x 274

SSS clutch

6.5k x 269 x 16,300kg/h

497,160kg/h x 289.5

7.5k

Ship service load

HP
Drum

Main
Engine

3.5k x sat. x 4,900kg/h

S/T3,160 kWe

Suction air

Main engine
jacket cooler

P/T2,450 kWe
26,700kg/h x 41

Generator=5,610 kWe
Gland
condenser
21,200kg/h x 38

Condenser

41

Atoms. Drain
tank

11

Feed water
pump

Turbocharger

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

(2) Outside view of 64/53 type STG
Control oil strainer

Gland seal system

SSS Clutch

Power turbine
No.1 Reduction gear

Main oil pump

Lube oil strainer

Aux. oil pump

Turning device

Steam turbine
No.2 Reduction gear

Oil tank

Common bed

12

Lube oil cooler

Generator

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

(3) Function of SSS clutch

The main components of the SSS clutch are

input hub, output hub and sliding component.
The input hub, mounted upon the chain wheel
shaft, is machined and externally helically
splined to engage the recess and internal
splines of the sliding component. The sliding
component is machined externally to provide
ratchet teeth and clutch teeth.
The output hub, attached to the drive gear
shaft, is grooved internally and axial holes are
drilled to allow the mounting of spring loaded
pawls. Clutch teeth, to match with those of
the sliding component, protrude from the
output hub bore.
A: Pawl
B: Clutch teeth
C: Sliding component
D: Helical splines
E: Input shaft
F: Output clutch ring
G: Ratchet teeth

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MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Disengaged condition

Engaged condition

A: Pawl
B: Clutch teeth
C: Sliding component
D: Helical splines
E: Input shaft
F: Output clutch ring
G: Ratchet teeth

As this equipment may be unfamiliar, a description of the basic operation of the SSS clutch follows:
When the rotational speed of the chain wheel shaft is greater than that of the drive gear shaft, the ratchet of the
sliding component will engage the pawl within the output hub. The sliding component travels along the helical
spline until it contacts the face of the input hub. At this point, the clutch teeth of the sliding component and the
output hub are fully engaged and torque is transmitted from the chain wheel shaft to the drive gear shaft.
If the rotational speed of the drive gear shaft speed is greater than that of the chain wheel shaft, the sliding
component travels along the helical spline until the clutch teeth of the sliding component and output hub disengage.
At this point, no torque will be transmitted between the chain wheel shaft and the drive gear shaft

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MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

(4) Shaft generator / motor (SGM)
System concept
Steam turbine

Generator

Power turbine
ACB

SGM

SC
Motoring

ACB

Freq. Control Panel

Power Management System (PMS)

M/E

ACB

D/G

D/G

D/G

ACB

ACB

ACB
Ship load

ACB
Ref. Container

Generating

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MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Power capacity ( as an Example)
Generating
3,500 kW
2,900 kW

Motoring

2,450 kW
1,960 kW

63

84

20

50

98.5 104 rpm

(NCR) (MCR)
85
100 % M/E load

Suppliers
Following well experienced suppliers and proposed principally
Nishishiba Electric Co., Ltd.

In Japan

Taiyo Electric Co., Ltd.

In Japan

SIEMENS

In Germany

Ex. ) 3,500 kW

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MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

(5) Power management system
Functional concept

IAS (Machinery)
Economizer

PMS
Main switch board

Control
1) Generator control

Group starter

2) Gen. numbers control

STG

3) Load sharing
4) Large motor start blocking

SGM

D/G

D/G

5) Auto synchro starting

6) Preference trip
7) Bus- bar motoring

M/E remote control

MHI scope of supply

Please refer demonstration of generators operation

17

M/E

MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Demonstration of generator operation (1)

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MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Demonstration of generator operation (2)

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MERS (Mitsubishi Energy Recovery System) for Container Vessels

Generators operating condition by PMS
Operating range

Capacity
Generator

set

Start condition
Rated

Diesel generator

Steam & Exh. gas

turbine generator

Shaft generator &

motor

3
2

Condition

2,850kW
3,300kW

Min
30%

4,500kW

at M/E 85% load

ST:2,070kW
PT:1,530kW

3,500kW

at M/E 20% load

2,450kW
50% or more load
3,500kW

Stop condition

Max
90%

ST:553kW
PT:492kW

ST:2,525kW
P/T:1,975kW

-2,800kW

+3500KW

90% or more of
running
generators

70% or less of
rest running
generator

at M/E load
ST:35% or more
P/T:50% or more

2% less than left

at M/E load
25% or more

2% less than left

Supplier of PMS
1)

Terasaki electric co., ltd. is proposed principally in case of MHI supply.

2)

If PMS is supplied by the shipyard, MHI will support with necessary interfacing information.

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