You are on page 1of 186

~J;jfJjP p.

~~r>,.JtJ}r

v~J'
7249218,7237430 I,;)j )",tJjJ) J)"18

)",tJ;?~1';
j;~

1994

'rJ)9p

--,

~rt
)

.,

;J.-:

~,

~)J/

-..

~1

..

;.y
5

JiilJJ

" ...!;y}'li '

-d,rJ'Jjf
~1.-(loJ'",f

6
11

20
31
45
50

d,J"'"
w&"

~,,,,!;Ui~r
UJ'/'! JJ' .Iy' f
~,,,,!;O'~ r.JJ'
J

63

.:-~,.,JUJ~JJ

71

,yf~

..:)~..;fJ'/.~

82
104

UJ'~

119

145

r.(~~Ji
:tit JJ,..:)r$jt=--~
J{'~,~,

163

,1857

131

175
185
187

.:-~

i...A::,1857

4:)!r' f
.:-~C(

,"

.fi.J b It:::f_)
,
( ~'_'L o:~

Ul J~O!":,,,11.1L V. Vi + ';:'~I ~ ~ r~ .J oji


.:.!il S":,,,0'Vi -Ul t!z:. O!L..t;1J (-I; V. ":,,,0'Vi lSi .J"V.JJI
.JJ' Of-' '.IL?l ~
~.J~ "' Vir (~f

Vir I.J{ ~

v. .:..tJlv L C';

j;~

ok-- Yo f tf- V. "-.J~ L.J 4-' -fI~f tf- ~

J1~ uP. uV ./I r Vi .JJI ~ .J~ r ..!.-~ ..!.-i


if.JJItf- Cfl~ l.::.i!tj ifVir OJ;.J~I ~ -~
+~,;".r":,,,crvl~+C!i
v.~SV'

V. .J Vi .r tf-lf ~ .:.!il -fI SVi


~c:L VI.JJI tf- C,r 'A! V. .JJJfi J' r~c ~}i + JiJi dv
cJl v:' J t1. .JJI'H[~
J S;l.:..tJlv v:' J'L'!' Ul Z .O!
.JJI

+J!L_;}SLlL
-4 -4 2... Vi -v.! OJIv"' u~.k(0 L.J Vi ":,,,0'"~
-LJ~!(fLt;1 V. cJl V. f J,r ?'lo/-'(L! t>z
.JJI":,,,JIYo +JI".
t;:1 ~",~.JDy-"",( ~1.~'j4~j
&.1"
_
~}i 'v.! J SVi v. Lf r".;.J1tI' 2... VI +l,r !I v. ~C

~IY

-'7-.l_'?"~ r Upy S~

J~'~k-- v!j:-' ~ L v' 'C~~ ...t~'~I;


JJI,//.::,)IJ

J,~

k.J,f

V1 J~.::,~y.JJ)~ )J'
.::,~j)JI ujJI,~ s:...;uk V1 J~IJ) f

)J' ~

~.ri.l:)!j .::,)IJ ~ '"

()~

/l1lJ ).t' IJ ).t'

y.

.r,...
r' (

J'J L/.~J~ SJ'-~


Jir
':::;J ~, -J1I ~ J...; JI v! T' IJ.~ L .::,111, f &.ft l..r ~ "'
;-~;-~L ':::;J ~ '~) 0:'" ~~( ~ (iii ,~1/ jI...;
~ \,f~~; jr u~"";'v! V~ j~~ v!~. L J' ,j.)C )J'
(V I.::,k'J) J".' )J' -i"J J~' V' IJ )J' ~ /. ,.;.P. ~~ f
LLj L jI'::'1I1, .JUI," JIJ L jI J~ Sl:I-~) e:r J' (Jt,.

'(;;1/ T' v!,.;LjLjI

'i;.

f"

4- ~

.r

I~

y. )J'

.::,~'L .::<'jv. u~j ..;CI S~~~ 'i;. ~ L

S~~v' .::,)1/ 2.... v' ''!''Ir )J' ',:,./


'"~~
J Iu~j J~JJ.' ~, )J' JIr SJ...; ;-~ ;-~ L .::,111, v! ~
,-J'J L~ r .J/ ,.;'::)_;
S~,_CIr 1/-V (/.'/.v! ~
L Lf -V v! )':IJ'; _C~'~ J (go, v! v',A JfS'J/
)'.ti' T' )J' ~~, / u~j J~JJ.'~' L)'.ti' .,..~)'~ 'Llf
S~,'" J~' L .:::;u, .::,j flit; ~J' r vI )JI "-' ~ 2... L
JJ( '" f! f.f '::'JG-!J J);./ uti SO)'~ S~I )JI LIr S,JI/
)J' ,fJ v! ~~ ,".J) UJ)~ ~
f f'~ ~~. ( v' LIr
J:I '" ~J S
J 'J )J' A J U j'/' J JI/i Po 1#~~ ."

(iii

'::"J~

~v!~f'~f

lujJ~~"i;.L~4-v!U~JJ

/.~ JI, L v' 111 J:. /,)J',J ~. r v' j~) CIr I/JJ.Ji /.~ I)'.ti'

!:I'tJ J v!!I' ,,1n PL!

r/,1'1"f y./

~'/J

~L--

vI"

f J ""'"
It.J;. 1..n f

L ""it !~)J) tI~,/JIn ~,/


/,,J~ r~~r

r'

41'

-nl/n

,/JI;" '~~ 1 ~
~'/JJv'i ,/JJ'.Nt-(t I,)! b,/L
LIJ LJ1 ~ LvI '/JI}:" 4fi L VI f r Ln u,/V"2.. L ~
!'/JJL'J~'T-'
,/JJA,.ILf IJI ~IJILj,!}I '/JI~t,.;IJ
LIJ Lr J .::JJ VI ( Lf I('" If.! ,I J .,..>.
Cn ,/IJI~
u,/V' 2.. L; ~~JA1rUN' I.lJ'/IJI/lie 'CC f I('" If.! ILLj

-r

I~'/JJ",J'JL~L~I[

,j.,/C~

~~r j,!}~JkLUN'l.ln7 f r

-i~I,)! j.,/J 1,/1';' J ~!'J'/ ~ .NtVI L ~ ,/JI 'n


~ .::JJ I.f.!I f r In ~.I~ ~ ~ I,)!}:" 4/. ,J..IL ~~ r 1);:3
4fl

_tJ, I,)!j.,/J I[ .Nt--:.Nt.IJI~.IJr~'/J 3L-- L

I)J.~

i r Cf r --:N. Lf .nl ,.;I.lIJ;j 'ui.,..>.v! ~~ L ~'/C


u~ ,/JI,/JJ L ~.Nt u)r'r ~f J /Jf 1 ~~ L ~'/C
JIJ; L~;
~ 'r'/~ rtJ)i f ,j..IC4fl ""~ ,,",/In ~iJ,I' r.l:til
V' -r Cf it. tar'j ,/JI u,/~'U;~J~ !j,!}11"".IJ~r!""J~ ,/JI
IJ

/ L I)J~ I'j' ,0 .IJI4ft. 1../ ,'# j,!}~ L ~~JA1' -' ;,;;


j,!}l)1L uQ,..I' .IJI-V ~ J} ~I";',~ J ..IfIJ/16
L~~ '"
~,/ I.f.!I ,~j,Jj.l1 j,!}'.lJ'!JJ'.1.f.!1L}' J;L-- L I)J:t/t/ L

-r

!,~
J ..IflJ.4 L

_4.. 2;-~~f2.. L Jr.". J ",J}; !I'I J J IJ" !J

vI ,.I'[lr ,.;L'# '~)J ;,;;"r b,/C


J~v!j.'/JL",,';I"'/'';'J~!'J'/
~.Nt Lj,!}I'/JI.Nt Lj,!}1'~
j,!}1
'/i~tI" J}~ J J~ '''k-- Ln 1..J1J.~L j,!}~JA1
,/JI
J,ll j j,!}11,~ JiIJfi f r
Jt,/ If.! ~'/V' JI ~ ,,/. L
If"
If"
,~ ~ ". v:!" !,/JIL~~".I~
~ ~ ". v:!" iL~ "'-J'
~ It

t"..

v!

f ~~)J' 'JY'/- r 4 'tf- f

S d' i L~
S .:;.,'J! ~' S d'

J1UX ..:...:?

r~

~~ dL)'

Lf ~ (~ u! ":,,J' ~ d'
-?J
)J' V1~
OJ.J. ~ J! IS')~"" )JI J..; ....I)j 'f';' ""=,,JI
~ e~ if .AflJ.fl v.r
L.II>JJly.v.rLI:-J1~
J)C ....(IOJ~~Vl)JI~O:d~
l.:!I....(I~..::/~ S~.,J;S vI )JI ,-/Ir Ji./')JI eJyj '{ JIJ;
)JI L)J)~..:;/J 'L)J)e~'L);l/

~ v' ~ 'f-) fl~

f J ;f.t~)JI fyl d!f

vir

u! if.

.;;)~L,.J)4- ....(1 L f J~ J .II; ); ~ L)JP _;z

~,...~I)j 'u/~S d' u!~


-V1 LiJ ('.7. "':"'"-=~ L d' nlJI~ S L)~)I

u! (.7 \.J!J"" ~ d';f?

J ~j

/I);J{VIr~

,jlf-=eJ'f-~IS.3if.u!b)C

1~ J): ji

L)k:j

J4 'JJ () 'Jf. SJ'~JJ1 ;I.t'

I)!.I~'JJ1(~tu! L;,...'_;) SJr."-S ,-/Ir

J)C ~

u!~

0:], )JI

-'f- LtJ./'

y.'tf- cc: ~ IJ.:'JI ~


J)C f ~ J)C S ii'

)JI dL)I ~
u!

Jf

u! if. 'f-

CiJ

_~)~ {.2;. _;'v

~, Cf)~1
d~
u!

Se~

)J~

u!~

~I

~ lfl

r ~~'~(~I JG* L/~

..::/~
S.;;)~J~.,J;

j" e~

L .:;.,ulP ,.ffi ~ J y. -I) J~

OJ ~ ~,..

.::J. J );

t:z~ tIP. L )'V ~I.,

~,

JIJ;
~~

,f-' OJ ~ V1~
)JI )Y/Jy.'~

. o! ':::;'J ji L)I; .:::f. ~.


v..

L.d '-){ Ii' ,J. J! IS' ~ S v' )'i -=~ .Jff.J.Af


)J' ~
~
S ii' j" 'f- Cf u;Lf S Jyj )JI J' 4- S L)P.

vir

... jlPoj
Ji./')JI v7 J) '-... -..el)JI ~ (.,. ./' ':::;'Ib)JI '-'
,ttli
4f'

v..

11' I Li

t.ly

Li

_~ ~J1 4.1~..v
S e~ )Jl-! )JI e~ if .AflJ
y

S L)tx

~' ,:..-'ji ,:..-'ji L L)~

'...f e~ if .Af'J) L ~ ).u!' t)1 i'~ 'I) k~u! ;;)J 1L)i.)J/


.:.-.:1;> SJ{'I./..J ~~!/1UJ:J") I; S;) (G" 1;I~f,;-' L d!7
fi

OJf...f iJk i:.. T-.J'.fJAOJ~I J"k--S VI -{.J} ,.;I.J(L,;.J


OJ)t;S
Jiv ~.Jy'I "-' j ~ J.t1 .JJ ~u. /.I/. ,]f.JJI rl ~ L.t1.JJ]f"t{ tE
L'y
OJ ~

-1/

j.t1
~G'~'

,.y, ;;'-'.:::;u. ~, L

l.)iY

I O.JG o~ .JJL.!

~ ~

...fi L.t1 .I.::.v'J L I.)JJ!.JJ'

I.);--y'OJ Po L v'

cJJ "I..:;..P.JJ' (,/1 '.JiJ ( cJl j rl.t1.JI} ,;jJ

l,{'1/cf. A!i....fi2... L ,]fvIJ'

'0

L l.)JJr

.r .JJI

( ..:.-tI?J~

VIJ' -: ,..

If...; 'C.t1v.! ....~ (fI857 fi 2... v"~ ~ /


J' 4- 'JIJj ol? .JJl{ )JI ol? if .A!'Jv! Jf J..JC I;J

-~ ~jll,Jt; (vI

L.t1 L./.JJI
,.,L cJI)JI o(lfL
. v! d- ,a.
.1'"
(
~I
cf...:/Ll& o ..:.J1iI cJ~ 4- .JJIOJr)
10

10

o-?/.;

b)t f ~.::-r'J.J: ~ j;~ VI l.)iJJ-: -J! .t161.)~L~(V OJI.A!'J


b.Jt .JJItf r.i~! ~1l1v~ I.)~
>/ VI v.!' L f L
-~t/- v! if.L cJl t;,..!'-)"J L
:s: ~I.J e'J JJ2..1.-- L cJI~ v.! ~ ~.J..l L b)c -:,j2
.JJIz.):.;K.J.A!SLf r.i~v.!' L.t1 I~ v! ~1l1vd- OJ f -:
j ...fi
,; J~ SVI ~J f dV (l.Ji J ~ )JI ~"'Y '.Jlpl ~I)t; SVI
(.;K.J.A!f /.~r )JIf A!i. cJ~ ';-1.-- L Ji J)r L if.T- ScJUzi..

~vru-{

"- ~}i ~ cf...:/Ll&


.JJIo~l} 'L.t1

0.::.r.J'

Lr...fi

OJ

uJlji f '-J cJ~ ~I )JI ~)~,

j Lf.J~1

cJY '-/

;,-I.J

JJ L cJ~J.-C1;,-I.J

SJ';;j v! VI .JJIi:..~; /- !e}~ J.t1A


J ~LIi)t; S~"'y ~I.JJI '1/v.! .J~I ;,-I.J-: L I.);~ L cJ~J.-C1
_Lf
.. ._:.jIJ/.!.;:)j

.J_i;_ ~fl~

~.J~

,-)~

'-.J1a ~,.JI VI

~~f.JI~!)r,f
~Jv'I.)~-{>/v'Lf

v~ J- ~

..:;;,tt J ,-:",..;.;i )JI


f T- C.t1I~ -: Jlr

,.JI...fi (b.JC O.J1aJIJj (

(il -{

>/ VI ,j2 T-

4-)J, o~l} '-.JIa,.JI -: (b)t


J)C~~J:J!~vlL(i~.JJI

~~~

~L

10

,N/4J}r

v:z~ i- l~ (lLPI !~-{v'J'i-v~lJI ri 4Jl~


J

uP.J>.A ;I:Jil.t L;;IJ L ll:Jil 4J:t/I" Jr.J I,,}!~


J~Ij to J'i.I i- JrJ v"~ lJIl~tJ'r.vl lJf. .::..:.jII lJI i-II J'l
JI ~ --d' v'.2..r fCrr v"./~, e: If' -rrll~ J.( 1.:iJu,lJ'
!.tJ J' 4Jl~lJ' II~/);;/ -{.:;,rJ" L blC --d' -: -lK ~ Jt"
-Jrr ~ J~ ~ v'
J' J l-r'r" L J'JJ -'/ _;':;'lJ/ J',-}~ '-l~.:iJJ V'
~ l ( V')' i- r~r ~/IblC i-,J ;tf u: Jr ~ vi ~ i-

JU I,,)!

"L

"L 4Jl~e: V'

'-J JA I,,)! J IJ" '-l~ blC ,J

i- ..:w~.~

J"

-i-rf

11

Fv! .I'JJ'

L,"/.~
JJ' + elf 1/

>.,".I}

JJ f~e

(~

J1857P. L vI JJI(1707 e 1526)"'; ~ J;JI l'


JJJ~ v! v' .I~t.l1 (.t/'" ~eJ'::; v! (.z L ~JG-!I

~ ." .IJL'!'~

~f

U/JJ L U';I~ .Iif- eviJJJr ~j,;J JJI..::/}

rr"

IJJJ ~/ JJ .1[

I,)JJ~

r v!~ .Iif- e~

}iI~ JJI1/~J/

1'~'"

'(g.I

J,,,:v Atil ", .IJIUJ d Il,)jj "k-r

UJJJ JIJj JJIJ"IJ: 'JIPI "k--

::..-1f ..:..t"J~

li,.;~jIJ"- -UJf

J ~"

~J/J!. L I,)?U, J/ JJ >'15 v' .IJIJ.I1.1J/'::..-1f

"J J' v!.:..-'k--S .1'/ J ey r

~I.I I (IiI ~Ji

~~J.-'1 L (IiI

J/ JJ L 1,)';1

L I,)~ v! ~~e
4f ~~J.-'1 tJ) vI

J.I1

'" ~~IJJ J~~ J~J~ Po .I

-~

JJ{ ~ .I
v' II,)J:tf!

1'rr JI1il ", ~

rr~;

4f (i

~~J.-'1 J}

-.fi P.

JJI~ JJI

..A~

~v.t J:I ~~ L I,)JJJ.hJJJII,)}.I;" v! '-J~ L<'JIJjf '


JJ'l""; 15JIJj L I,)~ .Ii-~ ,,~~
vl.::4'i '" v! ~I
f L f "'J/ '-;"11, v! .:..-'k-- L ~ .Ii- J.I1 J'~" ~ J;JI

"Ii

~ ,,~~v' fpy /: """~L v' .I[.IJj' / I,)J.lIJIJK L.:..-'~


(J!1, ~I L ~ .Iif- J.I1 J'~ "J1 JJ'
4f JIJj L I,)~ .Iv.t
&. L vI 'I[..v v! ~tJ,~ L ~ /l,)jJ.-'1" I,)JJ~ 15JJ 'JIJ.I
J"";

JJ

vd' (J!1, r I,)}IJ.-'*v!.:..-'k--4f~~ J.-'1'" 4f vI .1=j -.fi :.t


v! J'1il

v.:,

JJI L '-.J

~J

J'~/ I,)jJ.-'1~ .1=Y JJ JJI'/.11

12

Lv,jtJ~JJ"Jf ";t;.' JJ'v!rf:t J~~'}' O"~J'd' j k"~b:J'J"""""


~.::..r'~ ~, }i -~,~ f ~~..ArL oJL:IJ}'O"~JJ'OJ';I v! d'
t ~.::;~ O"~JJ'J'ti' u j C! ~ ~ J~v!.::/, JJ'C! 1 JJJ
-?-J J'JGJL ,,::/, dlJ.-'" v! ~Iv V' JJ' ?J ~I
"-'Jd L_/'JJ'J' LI.)~ ffi;C v!J L~ I.)}d'
v! cJI v.! Ly; (" J? ..:-~y. ",:",1 v! '-.J~L b.JC~ji +1/
.JJ'~~ J O"~v!~ ~ L if.s:tf- C! "-'J {.J} L J' -fi ffi;C
~Lb:J7
fJ' LbJC ~jIi.JJ'V1JJfO'J/(r~jJ~
Lf v!v' ~Jhi' f I-~J' O.J','JJ 0:1. v!.JJ,if. LJf: He v.!
O:1.L/f f I.)ij O:1.~'-;lrJ~J~y.f
tf-J'J'Z f 4
JI, J ft J1j J' Jf v! ~1I1vd' -lO'J/ J v! ~~ J' ~~
~, .JJ'~I),e..(G ~ wJ S ,,;i .JJIO.J"IJ.JV' L v' f ,J O.P
v! ..:-tJ.lr O~.JII.)JJPiLy; Lf J~I v!,1;.- L .::..r'~.J
uit'i JJ,..:-jJ'::;~ S d' v!r;-i JJ'(g.,L .::..r'~.J
L/ V' .JJI~
~Jy6 V' j C/ ~ Jhi' f I-~v' OJ)i
J' If -:-~J~' f
,.f -Jy; ~ ~J Jf v! v' .JJ'J! e.Jf/' ~ v' v!
L .::..r'~.J
f L V' 0' 4 f V1L/eJ~I~! J'~~ v' ~';' Jr..JC
cJ! {j -fi v! V' 0' .1v L v' '~Jf:i {~~'JJ J~J~f {(,oj
0: 1. cJ~.J, L 1.)}lJ.-'" .J,'I.)JJ~vfo.",:",'f,y; -: i ;.. o.Ji -tr
f 0 L LD~'~,f.J,I~,f
>. cf v' .J,I,.f y; f ty; { I.)>>~
.....P. f J .1v L '-/ JJ -fi /.'/.cJlJ.-'" .J,'J~ 2... L ,1;.-t:.. if.
LJf Lb: ./., I.),,~)
f: 2:... Lj ~ I.);''',-y.,'
..I'J " ;:;;_';:;;_'.J,Iz. L/
/
~ ('JI L I.)~! L v' P. LJf f z. 0' '-J'J' "'~J -: L Jf
I-~) f: S Ii~J.Jf {;,J J~.::;,v'I.)) I.J,v! v' -0f .::/,
I-~
0:1. L ~;1;JIv! J.~ L v' J.Jf
f J' L/ J.}l f

...v

o~

.r

13

6=

7vf~_,; U~..; v! UJ.JIJIL ~~.J f L.J1 LJ'.Ig;I /


.IIJ'-..J '-x '-x v! .::/;.~ Wi J! v! ..;L; L ~ ...LJI,f

v!U;JLC)'Lv'I/~_';
tf J' "J~I~I.J~Lv'.I+.1
f 7-~.JJJ!=-~fr/wcf.;:.,ft;'v'.IJ'
~f'~';
J....D
'-/ .JJ'~ Lv' J. v:! '.i- J.:;J'~~~_l-J/ "':'!" ~ JIJ)
'.i-.::/; f. -J/ v! tSN' v.J.J!il (/-..::AJ vl...i .s: J! Jlf
~~ J~vPu,/' JJ S V' .3,"", L u:' J.! '.i-.I.J1l.f!,~:JIJ;
vI .JJ'~ '1-.I,_,,(Jtlj Lt' f .J1.J~;,.-'it;,.-'ii J! u~, L C)'I' .JJI
~ cf U?!.J Jj;u~J .JJ'v?'.i-.Jtl.)~ oh-- ~J/J v! "';".Jt.':::;J
L UJ.7.C.JJI,..:...<"~=
.JJI Vlf ~::uWJ.J1f".J)t J\1 '.i-.1~
'- J'j ,f~:Jlt.lJI ~ 7-.1.t~!,J-tc.I.I tSf. e.:: u1.;v! JIP
S uY-"'.I,tSfi.J. J; S ",;,,4..-4,. ~ L? (.; :;-1 v! uJ L J'. ~J
..;v! ~ L UY-"I.J~ J tS~ 'Z:;.;,J..l tSf...I
~~J~
L ~lP ~:JjL C)'.JJ'r-1
J!J.-& ~C)IJ.~ L" ~~ -J~
f ~.~~
L vI -~ cc: ~,. 0/JJ '- ~ ~ ~.I1f C)Lvfr
~i~ ~I J...J ~ C)Y: f ...i'e! ,.;.:
J/,",.Jk/ / ~
-i/ J: L;!i '- ,J: U~J~ J' ~ ";';I_,t'-.Ik/ J; =.1,1.;
! cf JV 30/ cf v'..:h vI -1ft L vI ~ I-(J ~ ~
,:y; ~Wi -1/" .(.J.v. S ~ 2... L ~.Ik/ '-.I} L)'tr u.IJI
"cJV'J~...x";I ...iiI) l.f! J~ J!t. vl...x ":,,I.Jk/ 2... L
Lf~i '- ~~ cf C)t:Jl;,;,.JJi J.? yi .AJ'~ ~ 'J ~ LJ(t E..~
Lf ~/ S t,iJ.lJ' ~IP S ujVI.Jl.f!I C)!/ J~J~ i.. JI ..
_. ~~J.JII,,)J.Jl Jr )t ~ 7-.1if . v! UY-"'.J";':'.IJI~
"' U~J.JJIJ; cf U"(.Jk. 8J '- ";:J SLy; ..;~ 'J '- ~I cf .Jk/

.r

V?

-+,,~~~

r~f
>.

IfiJ

~v.
2

~J

v.!

C)~J

IIJ~

O!"yiJ Jt.j

14

J..r J'~, J,( "

~I

J' ,,"j

'J~ .:;...)v

2- L

I.);~

n'

.r

-::'
,f,JI'i. v' (i c"" I.)A L" L~" V' ..:..f')j A,fIJ)'J rO r
v.
4f1";'! -= L~ 1/..;.!",,"j
.J!.i f IJ) ~ I
.Ju; L v;~ L vilJl )JI I.)r~ u/JJ,J ~u:-z U fr) J'
~ r ..:-1,.1 L I.);~ f (V .:;...-j'J 4f' -V1) Z_)~
J' L~ I~."r'-t' L f ~"l.)J(j (j (j ~ V' I/; u)~

n'

C:;",1y1

I)~

.:;...

r:

n'

-/.~I

.:;...uk.~J..r.:;...~ f J ~ ~)
~ J.:iJJ V' ~'.t~
v!" ~; v~'P~v! U),j{ L (iii~/ -IJ) J" r7v! L':} IJ"
f!)~ ,J Lt"x IJ..r~ -!JJ..r J',;':} "" "j.;' Lv' j
fJ-'" U)r~r;t ...J cJl/.:;... ~ j 1/1/.JL.;'"j. v' nl,f ,J
'!-./ ..:;..fl)j J, rv,..I!" J./. v! ~j ~aL.f ~jJJ, v! 1.)';

..." fl/.' -= J' Iv' L~; .:/L"f)'J'~"j.';L v'


)JI

-j'J

4,:"U)I.tI.!I

v!,;17 L~;

n' V1'f-)).,t"~.,t,,j

f)~

A~~

-= rv' 2.. vI -V1'f-J if r7 ,f.


J i;/
J.ot
J'~,
.IJIL~ I/;,;,,/.~" ~
" ,; .IJI I" ;L,;I j ..;...t ~r ~ vI 2., v' '(i v.! J'
r vi -=
.::,.IJ' L v' i V'if;~, v! t/ JcJ(; ~ -J"yo.:)'" J.::.i'.Ij

...f -"/

eJ~

,f.' fl/'}'h)'

-L~ v/-~ uAou.Jr

4f' A

JJ' " J:, J" r.rlj ..:)I, JL ,.f cJI.n' .::...~,;:J JL11 " 1.);1/

jJJ~)J'v:.Jf~;I.)~IP
~LI.)J)I....J L~'i}n'i~~ .:;...,..,v

n' ~!~;
tI,{J'Jj f ~ J' L t/- .It)~ ., if.. .
JJI~ 45~ti' .11/" J"t -= 2... L vI . L~ J

L J..r
LvI

'J

-vf "

p!

tj/.-"/ '}~f~} J ~~ J~f)i IVJJI}I


...f ~ ~1I,f.
..L j.:iJJ V' IJ r) k'f -J!I" Po v! :If L ,yl
,IJI ~f'j' L cJI )Jf JJ1J J:. v' ~./
IJ,I V'~1rJ..r~ f:}!j f
,I

15

Jr /.' " ~; l?!/. U~IP~ JLu! ~I j ~rv:! J) JI u! !,t; J,)


~ ilj/. 1!,tJ If (Iir iJI J't ~I iJI,.f- ) '-'i{ ':"f'j' ~I IJ

-..I

45/ JJiJI it." Ji/ ~i} JU;I 'J j ...J) ~ " -iJ If VI
~Vii L~ f e'iJ L ~i; ~iJI,fr , u! Lit L ~i; ...J)
':;'i~
_J';; 2..LJr.'.JvUJ~i"i uf lJi ~ ,",I~"

f"

J' r J~ -;;;iJJIu.uli ~I L ,~(J!J, )JI JiJI ~


J"
(-:.,,1.1.

1v" ~~ JIJU;Iv '-'/~ ~iJ'-'~..I' iJI t' vii' u! .:,.1r~I(J!J,


L" v:! J' J ~ 45JLL,-,)~
~iJ L ~"Ji,.t .I-~~
Vi
J:~J J~ J ~iJI v! u! .:,.~~ ",JL4l% If J~ ~I,.I
-~ v:! J' J' J/r ~I _Cf 1/v:! J...; 1.:,.1)(,
"'r"fJr ~J> =/~I,t'Jf '"-iJ~J~L,,~~I
f '"-iJ ~ (9'1 J~~I -vi If u~ ,.;~ ~ u! J, J
J~"J!, -~ ~) "ui(r t.f ..l-~ r~I iJI ~ ~) ';:;'IJ.t.L ~I,t'J
L ':"J~ VI ifi' If .:,.;~...JU;L VI L~ Lj L VI v!.JL
i; 1.1' '-'ilJI L ~~ J ~J vl.l'~(J-'1.J.::F Ii 111' L VI
~I f i:.. L" '-'% i;1.1' "..:.v'~ f .:,.IJ~ L 'Y' iJI i:.. J,~
f'"

(I.

I.

,("

v:

L ':;'J~ 45/ JJ~

f"

4/ ",I ~)

;J'J r ':;'J~ 1.1')

J L ..,.."

45J C;' 1/.~L if. ':;'Jt;,J.15


u'J ~~ = -~ "") IJt 1~
J';J~ r 4:J'~1; f f Jlf ~ .:A = 15Vi J~J~L Vi /,~ ~ be
L/ L/. '.it.A iJ' 15':;'Jt;,J.
t.f L ()
f""

,,~

.Pt '-? 'VJ~


'-

"

ul.l.iv -Llf

IJIju! .J L IJ/. '.it. -'-'J

".~,..,

f'"

(;' ,-,7. 4:'- '-Ijo

_.;

f'"

.:,...
.Pt '-

vI fit" = .IJ' ~ I),J1UJilJ+t' (0 L'::::;


iJI.:.v-~ J" L ufo. ~ u.iltl. Lvi .0' """,;lnl .I'L."~If
.:;,~tP,(0 .Pt L

r
~ ':;Jvi

-1/If ..u.- ~I'::::; j'~.Pt Lvi


.1/1.1)If c,CI r uJJ'J ~

)JI

4.l.J)

Y/ 4l7. S~'~'J

L ,yl '~J~ J" f Ju~

16

-!rJ. j,r --&1 z: L J'Ji J' ~J,J

~;f.JJ'

.r

JIw lS/ JJ fj'. i- crJ I:Ih I)'J I)! J'Ji J (;;1/ L J-,J~~ JIw J; I)!l:lli-'J-"iL J;, ~ "e -'" )'~ L ufo-1j

~ jJ' 1/,f- ~'J.I. 1tJjC"/J} ~":"J~ I'v! ~~j Lv' j d'1 J~


1~;,4'): .L1.1' j J" ":"jJ/ ,J -:II' 2.... L r(i-' L ~~j "J
L~;, 15'..f'_rc ,Jf. ,J 1.1' jJ' k'JjgF'" j} L~;, lSj~
.,:..Gi.C>' JJj.t' jJ' L 1)'/~ jJ' 1~~j J " I)! ~ji L'J ~.L
lS~ ~ ~ I)! I:I'!' _L W iJj 1J~J1~LfjJJ 1u#. jJ~
1~fIJ b; ~;, lS,~ f ~ A.L u~,j ~rj'.tiy/. 1:I'.t1P,I ~jj L~;,4:' --&I ,I ,J ~ I,J .,:..~1.1' ~ LJ1 ~k'J ~
I)! 1lwj ,J 1.1' _rc t-J ..4""1un u" .,:...~~
,J 0.;4;' t-X/i I)! vt

. ::y' v! l:lli-'J-"i .LU)Jt ~ 1S.('


'L~~J._t;r

J ~ll

('''-.::/,

0.' -~ " jJHJ i-Jj i)"P.

~'J~~I

unfiS:~Lj'.ti'

1.::/,~~ 1.1' ,It; J~r,3f..f' I)! uJJt ..fJt


v!I:I~J;:.zjJ' Jt _:'.J.J' '" ":"'~ .It_:,v! u;A-f I:l ~ -JL~
2- 15' _~j J~? r UYL1. J' L))tJJ" J~ ,J cJt jJ' ~1;' ......i1
I)!4Lv' j ,J ~ f ,JLJ~.' f JP ,J uiLY ~ L4jj.
ui} L ~';'~,Po L u .("J.,:..si.C>' ~ A n' ~..JJj.' .,:..Gt.C>' icl
tJ1j

.v! ":"~'Jj) k P. ((i-I

~vlr,1"" ~ 4"

nlZ_" ~,;

t~

_V"jJ'?:.JtJ
-

J-"" v! _j. Lv'


j,~

V.

u)i
- 'I

-f' J!~ ,I~'-/.1t


LSJI~(iii "- t) 1.1' jJ' v.r Jr J'. W-J ~~ j~'; JJ't

U'~
.

I~

i-J;.::,.t'1jJIw

JJ- J' -'" C)t 'k J'. '"


jJ' J!r J'. Jj'.J ~1j JC"/ J} J-"" J-"" t!uit/ I:ILY jJ'
lS~ ..J) lS/ j tJJjj
Ifh--,J J-- J' j..J) ~

I)! dli-'J-"i I)' .1~L lSJ,f

.f~,
L u~,

":".)IJ

-'I

17

.JJ'uyLz~' (j..1v L v' -1/" k. tr " ~ t1."- uj ~ ~, ~ OLr.


.JJ" '..!..~ V. ~, -v? ulJt"- ~ r. .1'Lt.Ji'~'; LiJ~ L u"..j

.s.-'J':"J~"";/;, L ur..1'I.l!)j Jr ..1'V L ~~ ~/


-OJ!,'..&;' tf0/ J.JJ'.JL..!..;v.
.:,./j~
J

Lr_/ u}",':"lJI,L~~~.:,.''/' L(~ Lvr~.J.Jl) Jj


~.JJ',y' L u}1/ L ur!.J .Jl)Jj He. : J!~ .JJ'J! ,f :L"
-I/~';..u.- rU/.~
Ju".. a: Jj S-Li' J'I, -=<:U' JJ~'./'
1:j!LuJ.JfNJ.I' v.J~r .J~ J /IIJJ'.JJ'VJ.J'v.; c./. J~v.';:.L v'
,;-' ir.J J'/' rU},--,!;~, "-..:tJ JL" .J'.y.(~J,.J"" -Li v. Jr.J
"- Jj J;.J;;1' f U/.~ .JJ'U},--,!;,;-' -1/.z v. uj~ ,;-'
.J1j~ f (1iJ J~ .JJ'r-? J.:,.~.:,.'j (/- (1iJ J~L ,-)~ L U';'
(jL U';'j L"
c./. .::..-"~ J~~~
:Jt ~i' J: Lr -Ih
_1/~Jbi"- ~, 2... L .:,.lfy ~,
fi "- v! ~,.1'~ J! -:,;:.~ r L,. (r L ur~.J ~
"- ..:tJJV' -L~ f UJ.JI1/~' IIJ.1'JJ>f J~ V' L .::..-"~
..:tJJufo.~, .JJ'~ ,c ....;r v. ufo.~ ..1v L ur~.J -:LA "
~; .JJ'1.57.DJ~ "- IIJ~ IIJ.1'1/" 1.5.J.'-: 2..... L ..:t'.J.JJ'~') fi "ti'Jy#J _.t.JJ L u,.. il'.J; L V' .:,.~'j'-:L ,) 1.1 c);;~
f";.J~ J ,J'OJ~/.S U;!" l)-t1~~'.JJJL ufo. .1",c -: ,;:. z:.~,;
.1.JrjJ".:,.~S
ufo.~-I.5Jfj/S u}l,fLJJ~; S ~(JA.JJ'
.JJ' ;!,c .JJ/" v. Lb: Y' .JJ'~LvJ lv j: ....;/
J!.Jr.::..-"J .JJ'
(r v. J--,; S ~ ;J.J S un Yo .1'OJ)~ (j:J~'j "' u~ 0:' L u"':'
~L
2..... v' -lJ,c'~ &f.r v. J--'l S~' ~ do .JJ' J!f
~b:Y' .;_;/ Llf L u7~.JJ(j .JJ'':"'J~' L UJP/l J .J(;"J~~

"'J

v~

-J~fl

~...f'$~S~'.JJ'

18

1S.Nt VI L UP)'" 1:
IS cJ~ ~ v! uiv., f tf- IS

Ui.t~ IS~~ VI L11 L.I,fi "'.::)"


J1(:.,j ),1" J'r IS ff z: L ~~.r-"

u~j ),1 i:..L'rJIJI. v!u,6.A~J'"),1 )I~j 'cJVi" J'r


-l J'r J: (:.,j ~ L; ~I, .:::;,VI ~ .e: L'r j'-; v! ..:)"
),1 i:.. L.lif)l~j
'-Z (f{/ !- r i:..:li L u~/ljv! uiv.,

4f1/

_i:..

z.r.J.r-',F

~I'- JLL...:,j f '-J.~,fl

ur~~ ),1 J',j L ~ J' L UP)'--;; //. L V'


IJ.Ij,l'LJlJJLcJl+~)tjpd
i.LcJ~~/(gL
IS cJ' f L/ cJ....r IS ub~),1 ui~L jl)J)JJL .:.cJ/ IS~
,~1Ji ;JJI J; IS cJ' ",.lto~/;"i),1 tJ)JJ.J)~ ~.lj.( / u.itli
L uj~ )JI uir cJ' i J;.:.cJ/ f ~_I) ~ jl.t!l /J~
-J/ ,.1 vf (;,J Jf
J)j v! uj~:;-':;-' L U;~
)...f ",:,,'
Yo~}..,i. v' _I) )",;, (..::/; IS cJ'", j..,r (/')j

.r

~"~I

r v:.;f),' V'/ 't')j L J~",:"i~ Jf (;,; tJf J~r 'v! O~J~i


Yotf- ~~ IS v! ..;Lj L J )J:? J~~ IS V' -LJf v...::)"
-!11JIiP ),'i); '- -?' ISu#'/ IS v'
L ur~J,-; _1J1 i,j / ~)Ij '- -?' IStJ),J IS~
f
'I) C11
.J~I v! J..; IS cJ' '- -?' IS ~)Ij ,.1 IS Jljl.:A IS U,.zC
tJ

)J"~

v! I;/- .L. cf.;J/ L .,;:).? , ~

~)Ij ;

)II,y (p..zC

),' )(11V

L Ur~)d i.V'

-v.t)j JIi )~ ),1 V)t: '(; ~/ 'J~r)J:?'~


~ '4;.. eJ~ LI, t-L/.:tV ~ J! v.. Cl')J' I) '- U~~

,y' 'u1.l} 'U~'r') ~ f If. 11A.JL).';J VI.zC


~)Ij -lUi) ,'N.' ,J -. 'Jj)1. v! cJ~~ '- ~ V' _i:..
JJ1 (;,J Jr J~
J! v! ';j,j

J~ L cJ~~ IJ .1v L i,j L


Ji ).';JVI (iii ( tJJ;,. -v.t J~)"J' )" ~I,)'- uiJ;,.v! if.

Jj / UJ1~J~ f

)JI

J1

~J

JI" '

19

"v

-?J,J(iii Vf _" C~J 4;; u! j~ ;; L ~~J~


f s )~f
~J'~/1#.;;L ,-/Ir L JJJVf,J 4)JI ~fu! JJJ~.,J) &:.l'~ u! Jf' ,J u;.-~ )L)JP J,,: JJ.f L uJ.7.C&:.- ~yR -v
-i-,J k J.I,)! J~J~"'(',Jv'

J!u~ ij " J 0:), V- ur~)L)

JP ctf Ai'v Ai'v

L~

,Jj1 JI jJ' UJ)~'" 'UP)'" 'u.if~ 'U~f L ui!l~' -J! 4&.


&:.- -?J ,J V' -~ .::.-J ,J~~
)Jf ,J ~f &:.- --?J,J V' .JC ,J (f -</
,J '.f)G-J/ )~)J,f ....f ,,:",f,.1-,,: e-</ ,J J JIP )Jf ui~jJIP
J-,J J> t.f JV),J UJ)~ JIP u! )~)J~ Vf )JI" C./ (f-</

,J u,di. )JI ui~jJIP L ui!l L ~f i J!,,: (i ~~)-:~


)J:?

'J;II ~Jj ftl ct~jJJjfJP -~

~Jj l,j JiLlf J JI;- )Jf,J (f-</

L A)J,f )Jf JJ )..1;- r v' 'f,,:V- ur~ ct~ j,,-: J/ JJ)Jf J~i
(f -</ ,J '.f)ij ui I;z) (JY )~)J,f Jr -i- cc: ~ '/ "-U~I J u.if~
)JI I,,:1;. tf

r ~~j JI

vir $ ...(I,,)}

&:.-

~I" "- --?J,J 4J J)1)' ,J Vf _r:

-J L ~~j JJjI;,J

J)~

Vf )J'~)_/f r'.f)G

JIr )JI J:r- J d~>. .d Jjf i.Vf


,J 2;. Ai'v L U.J~ ft )JI ,J -:::;u, )Jf Jtli u! J'- f i- CfJ
r uJ J J'- L uP. ct!l L vf '{)} U~J _Ii r: ~~.
i.Vf _L i!..". L LLt. (;; uk 1UJ:/' ~ -?J ,J vI -1./ !11~
,Jctv-JPzL :"'~f L ctf)J' Ai ,J UJ:/f'f i- J~-:r UP)'" ,;;

t)". ~V-JPz'-/ JJ)JI t)".JI -R. -v ~) 1J;


J' ~~f ;JI '/ $1,-/Ir~":'-) ...(fLAi ,J ~I f VJ. ~J
)Jj { .::.-~VI

+u!J ~~

4J uiJJ ~I ~f.v -':.~jJI ~~

20

IJ1;;i.:::.....;iJI.1jr J- ~,:::"",P!L..::.-G.1,J;?~'-:'C;f).11
.
Po L ..::.v-~)~ JI.1j~r ~;Ir ~I.J. v.! JI.1jr lSi J- ~I-:
-: is' ~I.-- L ())~' ~ ).1'bJi- .J'I.--.J'I.-- L (~I ~k-- ~)IJI
",/(r 2_ LJ~.1t"lJJ,J (II fi ~)IJI -:L..::.v-~) _~ J1~~ IJ,}
/ ~ )I~I ~~)IJI -:

I){A

fi J2 -IJ! L~ L -=--=~,J J; / ~;Ir i

i ~f J1 ..JJ/ v! Lyf L} / (II )1; JI ).11 Lf ~

L ..::.v-~)_IJ1;; tf.. v! ~ .J I,)ji -7 Lf ~ -=--=~ ,J lSi~ Vir


LvI LI,.- ~ r ~I _tL 0) f cf.)r ,Ji L ~ )I~I ~JP ~)IJI
2_ L Lfl){ /"::'-fljl LJ1 ~y. L:# )I~I ~fife; v.! ;;)JI

L~

Jlj

L ~ -..fI...J/ -: -~~ 2_ J- eJ~j.:::.....

_t:! ~

LJ1

eJ~j.:::.....

L LJ1 J~I

).1J
~.::.-:!) ).1'

(II

2_

r~ ';-,/ :::'_Ij,Je~,~('I L ~~.1k v! ..;Lj L J- J'"


-~ -:--- r())'JGJ
)JI..::.-:/
,J vI I.)! J, L c.JI2_ vI )JI ; ~I;.
..f,{ J~,,:,,},
I,))r ~I .; 4--- L 1,)) I,GJvI L I,))~ ,J ~~J~ J2
vI .:::.....
J;~ (fh-- o~,~
J'" fV J11.11,.;>1-: /(11 L ~~Jk k .:.-<

-vf

s:

.b4i ';-, 2_ vI
.I.b4i r c.JI v.! )J ..::;u, );
())~S~ ~ Po S-?"i...J} SuJ;)I)~ ,} JJIU~~I)'uJ.li
PoI,),JI,GJ,J.::.-:!)~ V' _ t:! J1)~,} ,JJI,Iji ~ J;~ ~h-- P! L
L U"':I)

I; ,J

-rfJ1? v!u,-v ._i;// .,;.;)Jr} .;J/ ~ ~


-:_f,( t} v.! ""~ j,,(-v i't.f 15,JI,ijJ-: ~ uiy J~ J2

21

-i'J If LSI" ok-- el'-tl; elY J~


~ I;z.lC;v!":::;u.~ -i'J,J Jj(,; k", Li_ J L .,;:,j oJ el'-tl; !/'JJ
Yo I.)J.I)J~J .;-(,; L el'-tl; elY VI fi
J) -:~(" 2... VI
~J~liJ".-I; v! uJi ok-- el' (I' ~ 'ko' v! el~J-'1 ~ .I1P!/,/.
Jr; ~ ~I eJkjjuJ~ ok-- ell...(,j L el' L.lIJI .I1J
Jll~ ":,,JIVI; J/v! tS-tj ,Jell -:,J u}I-t1;elY J
If uA .IJ'LS.I'J~J-~ ~ If uj~ JJ~ r" (!)'-tl; elY ~fi .IJ'
./ r;.._LC; ~ (!)'-tI;....fI,J' LS.I'J~J
If (" L (!)V'J-'12...v' J!.'J'
Yo
Jr; .;-(,;L ~.I'J' v' fi k (!)'-tl; V' fi -: ,f e.J ~

....fI e:_ ~.1

Po L

Lr;

J....; ~

1
1

J~

tJ

s:

-I

-~ CYl.l,p!/' /.

~ Ik~.1 L J' LJ4 Jj ok-- .IJ' J-If J._G. d'~urf ,;1;


.IJ' tiJrIu;i'-;

v! J~>. LS/JJ~ >. ~

~,~ vl.?,~..t- ~~ (~v!~.1

~j ~ J~(!)~
L V' ~ .I;"-J (~..(I t.l.lL...:.,}

r; viL ~...J} uJ.I~ L Un L uJ( f ~,,-:


,l....fl ~v' ~

>. >. v! ~

cf. u~f'
JIP ";:'.Iy1

~.I{ 2...V' ~lI'J} ~ ~ W .IJ'tt~J':;'-'./


L.lJ} J..~ ~u?J ~I.I Yl ~ elLf.lJ'

J"
J/J} If,_L.,} ~ .,;:,L# (li~, Yo -vf'~Lt-.I";: ,J UJ( >. >. L
,f Yl .I~-; k J-I'~ .IJ' (;,j '~{ ~)J' (li L ~~ J -v!
-~ ~e.l.l Yl JJA .I~e/'J ~(!)'k 1J,...:.,) k v!
-J ":"/U.l ~ ..(, If"'U.I ,~~ (Wi v! ,;Lju":,,p;"," v' lJA
v' _L

~ uJ-t/( .:;-''/ ~ v! A.lJeJf~ ~ r; J" t 2._ L UJ.I'/-I:-,,:,,'


;) .I#u...(, f~~.) L5'..(' (LV JylJ ,;~L ,,:,,'_LV JY"J ,;~L
L~ ~ JY"J -;:"'.,J.I
~ (!)'A

(;,j ~ ~ eJf~ ~ ,Jt -:2... L UJ.I'I-'I:L ell$.1,;~~ V' L u;Lf -v/ ..::.-SIP ,J .,;:,~y,;'.1

~.Ij L

"V

v' .IJ'~

n' L~ ~ ,,:,,? I u}Lf ';_.Ij.L


'I-'~~'

22

f ~J~ r~~ JL P. ;I/.~JJI~ v i'; Lf'( / OJI/.~


,-/;'L)~

JiV Jj}JJJI/.~

l.L)'i) rL)r~J el' Sel~J;:':V-

~/.~ ,f-'I ",~

S ell.tl; L el' f ~~I,f-'I

(lSi

L)~ )JI ~ elLIJ ~I

-(;:_J .J!J
L

(I' P. '-JIJI'J

>. S
cfJ .
L), J!1 ,-;I,'"Jr'I L ttJ1~,r.",I",}

L (" ~I ~ ,~ ,~ U; p.

)'J: Lr ~~~)"J{

t:;;_,r): t)2 i:.. af J): /b)C S el~J~


~ 0:' J/ uk )J' ~ ,f-' t". eJ~;( ~~

L L)Pu,0/J,

v',f-"
el'

.Iii J; -f' ~
el' JJ'i:.. ~/"i .:;.,,,.~,
i:..

L..:,.--'~ ',j JI, ~)YI

S L)~( p. ~

L )~I

,f-'

ok-- L)~,.f j)' J.IP t:;;_ L),:}, ,;-' Lf f / Ui'J"';:

S Ur.j 'JJ ,.;'~.:A) 1:U~JS r~~S oJ,;i ,f-"


2' S L)~ ~' ~
J ~ S~ ~ L u';' .IJ' J!~ I~
~ -I./.! jJ Ji ")J vI; J,J.I JJI '" '..!-~ 's V- el' Ui~ J!I
-:-.A:- JJI Jp.'~ t-J;C J ~j V- el' '"./-' ~ o;i oY. ,,?Ji Vu,
JL..!-}L',.- ~ ( el' _i:..,f-' vIP 1I~J A J/ ~v L ell.l ~ tf ~~.j"( JL..!-; S el' -~ ,f-' 1:)J' L L~ )~I ~ JJ'
-:-.A:- J/ i..,;-',;n' ;:_~,f-' >. J/ i..,;-'V- (" L el~J~
V- ~

~J

eJ

_;:_)'I~.::..!

)J'

OJ.I.)17

~ o~nl J(~~ '.:;.,~y~' Lfyl f tf- ~.I.1rJ~ v- b.lC


,_;I'I/ J~' / U) JI V- ':;"Jr' S-P. i.. L ~ JJ' t"ij, L
'" (t L ~j,_;l-; ~l)1"L)'-P.~ J'J /(1' )' L (t ( ~..z
f~ ~

)r~'V- uY.!i .IJI(',

V- JJ,V' t)2 '" (t L JJ ,_;I)J'

if ,It -;~ CL,f-' ";J~,f-" Jr i:.. L~,f-'


f

p....JI,Lt IIJI!. i:.. L)'

elf

~I

/~ ~ L)) el'

eJ

,f-'..l>. i.. L )'v ,;-' V- ':;"Jr'

f,f .../VI./;,;'.,.1v (v' 2.... v' ~j

S vI

~ ,;J (.::/;

23

-lrf ~
tJ,,;l J/;L L [:.,j i ,;.:;,...1 i;_ i-.J JUf 15/ L JJ -~ ~ JI

JJIJ~J )'V ( VI

i ~J.1 L O'.-t'

0" ...i

l~

r.f. ,1756

V' ~ .J(ji _'Yl.J~'; ~J)'v ( v' J/;L L.:.JIP ,J I){i ,; .JJ'


-~f L'p L O'.-t' o"...il IJ} fl Ji I.J.J'(JAJ.J~~/J} L

7.' I)~'(L I)~'(

L I);l,f'~.

s:~ ~~- ...(I( I)~.J/ uJ

1:)1

~ v! I),b. .JJIJlj 1lr I)g! ~I fl J


~ YlJ;Pj ~'.J (V .JJ'IYl j~' v! i.J,J ('? -I cf.jijfl J
14,J c)1 '~ 1-- ( JIP ';;'.JyI0" u IYl [:"J/ Yo ( I)P r.f. c)V'J.Pi
.:;,...O.J'(jJ.J4-.::.qri'~

If.. -v! ~ 7.' c.f!j ,J do -I rf .:;,...


I)J.J~(

.JJ'I);l,f

J~ ojC

uJ /( jJ.J4- u~ L v' 1,J I);l,f .::qri~ r.f. c), ~ ( I)!.J'~ JIP


11);'-1.1 J.JI( (VL JIP ';;'.JyI(j v' s: z...~Yl J" )'v L c)1~
~ If.! .; JY ~1_jJ L.:.JIP uJ ~ jiG" J.JI( J/~ ~ b: J;jf).
_Llj / ,,-/,, J;:j Jr.r If I:)V'J.PiLJ If ';;'.11(-~ cC
,J ..d v' i- if'v: Yo" ~IP If cJV'J.Pi ~ (KEENE) I;!'f
eJ

=i-!';O:~'
_r

'"

",;"

.:;,...I)JD

,J 1),1~

..

.?

" ~,f

,,--

It) e_ Yl J~..{/'''' V.. '" Yl ~t V V,l!.1V""


.JJII)~ r.f. .=--'.1J',[~ 1/Yl J> ~'.J ( ('

J::

V' '(L( c)1 ~


z...f '::':'(.1; V'

,J cJ' f i;_ ~~

"";J"" .JJ'i;_ z...f ~

Yo c)l,f

-l.;;,f'

.:;:.I /y O.J~(

;L

/ '::".JJ/ If 1:)';:" L c.J' Yo f 4:


.JJJ! t,j.J If.! ~,
,J ,;'7 ,jC o".JJ' ~ L~

1/,JJ v! f:l!j 4 -,-fl.J{

J!/- ~

JI

J,J ~.J!h)J' 1J~Yl '( .J'J'~ i 1JYl ~ J.J~ v! (".


(J)

tti;_ LIP Yl,,,.:;,...JJI.

. .

f 1 J!.J,f. .;.;;,~V' I,YI.JJI '''J~I ,J IyJ.J r.f. LI7


IJj fi. L.::,,!.J v!....w.- v' "'./J~' I.JJ/ jj L Lf LYIP ~JJ
u

24

L"..J~

k .J.JId-~ '.JI--,r?L'~

r VI ~.J}o,fIV

tf.'7 JjlJI

.J.JI8~J~

L~ if'(;I~

f"f r:) tf.7 b 'b'i f uR-V tf.J.~

81

';;:'.J8~J~1 v!);;f .:)>>J~Y'J}Vj'JjO.J{':"~.J~


tt'f~y'
J ,,:,,~, ok-- .J.JI ,;IV
c.I Jy#.J ~ ~ (;IILf.J.,f. f (;I'
f~

cf. If'~~
(;I1i-.J-: 2.... vI -l J~J ~

(;II.:)>> J(;I' u! ':".JY#

V. -1-. L v' -~f ~Vtf dJ f .:)>> tt' L L ~IP L un


L

if. -!Y;.Jr ~f

Y;

dJ,j!; ,;

u Ii~~tv u! JJj'd

':).JJ

-if'J~f~J....u.

(1)

J!

J (;It:--.J-'t f u.J.Jl J?

J). L JI" ':".JY#ok-- J

cJV'JPz

.J} ",IV J'.J:' 8~ _r' .J.J'8~.JJt.Jl J? .JJu! u.J.JJ;J? (;I' 1/..:t?' ....J)
.JJ' 1/(i j.J~.J~ ~ r .JL..!.,} u! (;It:--J-'tL u_';' -Vj' )j Ji ~

r" J

e- J

.JJ' o:t.)}
.L Lfi~ ~ ....u. v' f .:)>> 8~
(;It:--J-'t
s; fjR f I.).riJ L L 1.1' LlJ1'( L u_';' ':"~'J.JYo I.)~'
);;f u! I.)Y...JL~ J v' j,I.:)>> y.
j JJ L
II~ .JJt -!J
7

r';

c:~

~ L,j

-:-'.,J.J
jJ ~ Ljt;.
~'.JjJII.Jk
-.......7
-:-'.,J.J
jJ ~
....~'.JjJII.J~
_T""',.

~yl -..p .LL ~ 6{_j./.J


.::f

V!,2.... L Lf

(ji~J~",IV"

~ ",IV ,;IVfi'Y.

v,u,

u'J.J .::J J
.::J
~.:..I"..;IV.Jr,G~-"p

1~
~~,O'~ u1Jf L vI

Jy#J ~ -: ~I/Jy#J

-:-'.,J.J

uJJJ i)u; ~

JL

"' vI ~I/Jy#J IIJ~ ~ ..:,.fUr:,..' cJI~ uY-.:.."- .JJ'


OJ 'Y
J cJ'b uIV...fi,...,.. .JJ'uIV,,:,,~r'uIV OJ.JJif 'Jf~} L ~y',f

25

~ L L)IVj!

J'IV of J'J}

Y. L c:!V- k'llfi;

'-

L L)i U! L

fl

(2) -OJ'-J C)~ fA

..:.,;
r.v! p1757 L
/7 (:I~ fi
L)';

L'; L.

v' ~ lSj~IA..:.,; v' J,,~jJt

,.,~, Jr.".,j: L).f-jC


/lJ.. ~

.._i;I,; 'j{ 2_ L ~
:f'f-

v' -v..(~
,;L..1.r/-'

r"lS".p~ ~C" ,r ~J

r;Jf ~

J; rLVe-"

L,,~
j'

4f v' 4fjL

JljJ

'f-'

!,:r ~;
".J'6"~.JL',r~ J'.

l!:"

~,~v L J~ J{ ,,"-fI L (:IIV

('!; !J,,h> J;/-'

-v(6" J.' .J~' JJj "Y~j

L 0";1

~!)f~v L c) c.t' J{ "JI ~",ffi ~ L~ ';_jj L


"J!; '- .,:,f(l,;..' J(:11,- r:/ L L L)';' P.L if JL);r JJ
,;-' L L)H '- A L ~'Ji

1(~jL":";

jJ' ~jL

......Ii Lt! AJ:.) J/r (:I' 0'2' 'L'j ~ ,-j(jJ'

'''L

ci~.::.-!J;'y.

J; '-.:A -k' IJ'fi; '-..:tJ J.::",;


L L)H ,-.::..-f. ..

L c)' 1lSJ 1j L L)H .:I- ''-/ '- ..:tJJ f! 4f ,,:,,'Ji

v.!'- ~ vI OJ;J/r,; ~ L; JJ''-J/ J!..:..t~

(3) "I,,:
y

:f

V1Z"J_{~J! LO'yv'/-Ci

'~ ....d ,j: ":"j' J j jJ' '-~":") ..L:!.u jJ' (:"j <d'.JJ) O'~"
jJI ~ Or 1
L)i*. -k'.I~1L)HjJ' JJ'j jj 1L)JJ'JjJ
(LA
"j~,;;;

'-

v! L)~

J~ LIJ'

2.....:.,'(/

'1O'.J,r~ J" JpLY


U;:J "j u;:AiJ 'U;:Jjj ~.
J!2... L J~~/ ~ /-,'-Yo '-Yo ~ ,r Jiv ~ ~~ L';
i....; -lJ; l:f. J
l:f. c,C"/
........ z....f ,r.7 4- JL)j.J1z...."j ('
i....~
L)JJ'(iP. C)I _(;;

...
~J

fi;!JJ'J 4f (:I' .JJ'Lf

":".1'

~,~,

-:,j: j';~fi ',j: ry.-I !fiJ'fi

/-

26

_/

L)L?--V

..... ~ ~.f JJ_; ,-:"C

~';.jC

)"~Jt-,'~"r,t.:;./

JL);!' cJ' ~

L)LT.'(~~LQ'J~

L)fo
),'

_fL

j,)a

;;'O:t);...J)
rt

cJ'"

JL fL J. _

~~ ~;

L'" ..,

L I)~;'P ',j J~Ji..f I)~" pL S ;liJ


IJ')rt .jCJ~ S./ J'r .I 'i-) J. d:1J L I)"'~ cJ' s: is
/ (~ r._" IGJ _; JIh ;;'y L.k-- JI; t!rf [J Ir ..f L)~ j

_, IJ'? )J' I)~~')'~ '/

(4) tt~

_;.f(; 0' J:.Jj cJ' r.(.0') ~~(,)rn/u)

1/

(2)

~ " ~~,t. S .:;.../.I cJ~J~ ("V L)L ..;.,~


j~ )JI JJ).tl

Ji ,-' j Crt~~ S){ e )JI eft 'J'J ):f~ ~k- v"


lJ'y /-r S cJ~~ J' _crJi..f )JJ ~ ~I))I,J)J' .:;...t~ ,-7.'
)J' h' L v' ~cflj r. J:. .:;...JJir
cJI -v! 4!rt OJ~ S J!{, oAt. J
li'; ),1 (" J:. _;LjL ~ J%~)J' )~, v' s: .k L))JJ '-/.
'l)j;Lt Jrt

J:. _;LjI'.t~ JiJ' cJlJ.'" J:. cJ~J~'~ rt J~ 0;), '- t,j L))JJ
(v L ~~ ,.;,['
J:. _;LjL JIJj vI f); if.rt 'f''' '(:;1/ ); vI
JJ'JL.fuLr "J~

1L)H,,(t L "':""'),
'Po L Lrt ),j L L),;lJ'

L '-/ JJ ....fI fl)l; L J~J~)JI ,b;j (_.M; ok- " ~),f-' Jf


,f-.I J' UJLJf -r>. L L Lf JJJr J' ~J~ ';-1" ~f ~j
S ~J -r>. L.ffp ...J) S I)J)71))JJ cJlJ.'" )JI J~A j " cr

# J:. L)~

)J' I)J)':;

'L)# 1))/ j J".:;...lf ,-I)"'~

n' I).i~

-Lrt

L),)''V,~ I)';' do L _;Lj,-:"?r,,v' t,j)'Ir-,j2


;; u ~I~ 1
~~
if.L ~ (_.M; o~)J' J~'~.f _i" )J' 1~ L

J',j L

27

L/(}.::}J) a: ~iJ JjJ;I)'

JrP (

JjJ;1 1.,lJ"

-V' J'

.::}J) ~

L~; ~ c)'i.
()uj '::)JJ Sujj O.l'J;;.IJ'i', ()uj ~ufl Jlj .IJ'..1J c r
A..:..ic) . L/ (} .::}J)/L "::'-?ii'-t.d'
'~.::}JJ~'
"' c)!/::

C~ V'~j"

'"

.1 (

v.. ~;lr~ v' '/ ~


v.! '~c)tf. JI v.. ~;lr"'L/

(1;.-"::'-:1 ~

S(I.l JtJv~' ,:,iJI 'J1


J

-V'v/j'.t~ ~J".I;~'..t. ~"",,~

~;lrLJ~L J'Jj DJ/ iJ' L5Av. l)ly


S~u;,. L vI iJI~" 'v r I~;lrey{ -..fl L if. -v/ vtL
L vI I~"t;flP-z c)'i I))'!v.! ":::;11, v.. (I' SLi' J.I;.L V-J-Mf v.. J."~
lr,f 4- ...f'-: J I,r S ~u;,.
.IJIey>'Id'j L

.J -:

~J

J.J ( ~;

~u;,. .JJI " ~ !I'du;~


L OJy' J l)ly j'. ,i:.. ~ J1 J~ ..::.-~.Ar(Ii
J} L c)'i.J vI 'JL (ti:l ( vI "::'-.1;
U.,:,)'J/. W' V' I
V-J-Mf 2._ L c), 1'~jl2._ L JjP ';-, '1Ji'r
I..::.-~.Ar L L5J~I

tf ~ j;~Jf c), I
vi' /i ''f- J~Z/i 'v.!

JJ ,;-' ~

J1~

J".I;c)1..i'iJ' V1f CJ1;

.IJJ ~

.JJJ ~/

I~"f 'f- ~ J~JI ~J -: flJ ~ ~J


: I.l!. Li' J~I,)S ..::.-~.ArJ"/- (f/- 'e/.J JLI,r S~ L vI I
( u~I ,_r. ~ u1 JI cl (t
i:..

('JJ

v! t

j .,...,..-: ~

"

L ufl ,.:f.

1~i_/St~Lr
.fl _I /
( Oij'.C u1 'f- Dr i,) I / J.
(

~i

c)V

.'1
".

..::.-'.1

L'

( oj ~) A 'f- .I? ,f.!. "' v' "


~LV
c)1 V' ~ JY S J~I

( or

/i

u1 V-

el.J

I;J

-rt---'

28

(3)

v~

L J,; L ~ u~'~(~,-:"j .JJ' fJ'J u~


Lt' ~
~, ~ C~VJ~' ~.Jj /i e: L J~~u~ .JJ' u~ j~S,LjV e:
(J S J' i!I t::... 0'I;)L)I '7- j~~~t uJ SJ~' J7~v! ~;~
/' JJ~ ..1-7- C~ IJ.:'J t::... ot S,.;J ~ 1J;,.- a" /i 'C.f~
~~;.~ v! (f1852)ttJJ~

en ",:,,0"~' L

v! f1786
_~1fE .9_}

u";1 L~ I~
,y

":':;JLiJ 4-:- .J~1.J-=-'" L -=-'" J) ~ J ..::.v-JJL ..;L; u"


~u~~ .JJI u~ ..J. /1
vJ.JJ.JJIYo..;v. 'LIJ ~J
- fJ'J /y,.L~

clJ -=-'" (~

~ ~JY ~ LIJ Lj~ 1.::..tJ,~ .JJI u~

S.Ii J.::..j

.JJI L~

i5

t::...

~I.J

"'::'!"

L .....;1)1 J J~(0 u j

~ / ~ -=-'" L -=-'" (.).If)JIJ


L~ &: t::... ",:"y
" , " .,'/
LI OJi.. ~ I;) Ib Lr-:jJ.JJI.J~ ...... Y..::.v-./. J
J '-:"'"/
.Iv v! Ji (J J JliJ.JJ .JJI.....;~ v!j S Jl?-' '::"?.J jJ.J
~"; 4-- (v" L'o;(v ~ . "':"~.JI...... U1 'T.J
.,.
.JJI '-'_., -~I4-- ' LJ..."
L UJ!JJ .JJIU~~J~f' ~ ~yuld ..;;IJ ... .J~ (
tAo

."

v,...~LIJ L.f (}p


JIP t::....JYV
......~ L.f Ju~v! .Y St; 1..:.-,;: .JJIL~ v~~J~
1J'~.J~

(1~.J)

'::"~J

o~,

.JJI~

(5)tt~

I;)IJ.J;t -=-'" L -=-'" IP) 0''''~ ~ ....


J.!.JJ u1Jyt .JJI.::..j vlP _~~I~ (0 L (0

(4)

J' if. 'ti -" ~u?'; .JJI ur1.J J~J~ J'~IJ I;)~J;:.z
L if. .JJI v! J1.J (j~.J"V .J"V L uJ..; ok-- J! JJ.JPJ~0

29

z_ VI

'4:...?-.J L,-;

Jiv tf.-~ J;- .J~ r(i !,jJ

fi '~ ~j

-fI O!if2.... VI

-4:... L,-;

1/fil.)l;

.JJItj.J'JGJel?J~

or,-; J!

~J ~

Vl1uJ:r)i

~,-; .J~.JJI ur:j

ifJ'. cfij L cJt:--J~JI

s:(/ &/-

L,-;~/- cJI
0' "'" "' J~ VI
....;/...f"::;J vI L~ Iy....;~ L ';-Jf,-; fA

.I;

L cJ~Jk JI

vI eAJIr ~~J~

vI

JJ";I

v! ....
~ LF1857

.r ct'L~

L J";I (j .Afv L.JIV L vI -~ f,.; ~Iv.

.L ,-;
J'!u Jvi ~"' ~

ct o~~

L tj.JJ)f'JvI

JJ";I t)i.t1v

J?1 f;> oj;

,.;IV J!cJ'~1V

v! cJt:--Jk~.J{ .1(,.6 L ~j
-(II tJl;(0 cJI"' (t L ~j

~/-

J' t tf e- >.

O!j JI2.... VI -~
.JJIL~

J....; v! '::'-.JY'J...G. .JJII.)~

_b,

--:.1. r~J.I!

J~~ ...t
vI u f~

:t)i .JJI tt. ,-; O! ~.J

(0

(5)
L cJ'~1VL vI el?J~'~ vir JI;f -(I "' .Jj?I5J~ vir f
-# .I lZil ~-~ ( !~.J -# Y JJ~ -# .I 'Zi' ~.I IJ~ .JJIFY I \:t(i.J I
L Lr-'"Li 1.::/..1 .JJI(~I L .JlZiI';-III.)J.JIJI L ..:.v-!.JL

'~I/AI J~;.J1v';-, Lf
('I' 2.... L Lfl.J{

J,-;.::.-~ ~ I.)A

e:. JY'J ~

cJI~'~

-tJJ J_,,; tjJ~ J{L I.);l/j

L if.J$ O/{JJ.J~

u!; .JJI~

1/J~I

I.::.-~Ij IcJl.JJILx .::.-~Ij I L cJI~ -?J

~ cJI.JJI
vl.::.-)j

e- .::"JJJeJ!;~

-J,-; ey ~

~J

2....

JvI

u!; ~ u!; ~

I,-;! .JJI(!:.:. 2.... L JY'J

Jv'..::).?

J ~

J,-;/~ ~

v!r. Lf ...fI...fI '-/.:.1;J~I J~;Ir-V";L,;Iv! (I.?


J!'" J.~ b.JCL.JIZiI ~"L,-;!{ budl L -# .JIZiI~c: Vir
vI vt ~J;;~./.ey I ~;Ir(0 j tJ~ t'.Jj JW--I L vI fr-f &/(ttd'"' vt'" Ji ...::./~
u0~ J~ f ~z_
I.J{.IJ'

e./JJ .JJJ

.JJI

30

J.~ L ~.,dl,j-I(i 'i-' (I' 'J Jv

JI;)!r )JII:Jr,lI

L (I' j 111

If..f f' ,-,I j L~j )l.ti!l'/. )JIi-f .:;.,;;'-' J~Po (j). }i I,)!
-'f:Lfi'

-1

Keene, H.G. :Hindustan Under free Lances, 17701820. Shannon/Ireland. 1972,


P.42.
147-146- V ,1930 ~

-JJJ~j)J:> .:,..-'~) b)C: 1.)1; 4fl f -2


:",'.f.-3

Ganda Singh.:Ahmad Shah Ourrani, Bombay 1959,


P.P.168-171.

.,.JJ/-I//--4
554-550 Ii,1966 )11~(JJ J:?J - (.fi ~I J-I: ,f/) J A')J-5
124-123 V ,1957 JJ (.J.; JJ)I) J;

31

+~~
1/?...t
SJ-- ~,...t

J~

cJ'.t!;~...t

.IJJ I(

.I'JJ' JJ~;

cJ~J-"1

L I.)';'...t

cJ~J-"1

if. .IJJ J'M' -OJ; .IJ'J'M'

.I J1~.,; ,,"./.~ .IJJ -: -1/ I'" .IJ' J,,,:v "" j;~ ~k--I V' .IJ' J'j
~.I' L cJ'.t!;~...t .IJJ J'M' v' +C~J1 -v.P~~ ...{;J'

r
v' I v.!

v'..L v.! ~i.


J L J,2....
I(cJ'.t!; ~ .IJJ-: -LJ1 v.! '-~
J! "'~

.IJJ

'J~ -:",

I,.;J

tJ~

'J~

l~ J

L " .:J ...t

~ I.::.J.> Ji, .IJ'Jor' ScJ'.t!;;;-' IJ v! ..I-_" .IJJ I(~J.Jf J~'


"".::.J.> S.I'.t!JL.:J cJ'-",;re: f" ~ v.!' J'..L T.I.I
.+If .1(1/ "" c,C J.:J v.!'.::.P ~ 'AJ' .IJ'~;f J1,~
I.)Jj'-/ JJ L '-;~ II;/'!f.l' L cJ'.t!; 2.... L ~ ~,
J-- n~ _J! S(U ~L,....1J ~~'J.I 2.... L ;.1 ?,.IJ'/./. ""

0''

~tJ1.1'''''...tJ~
't'.6.::"J..L

~J

2.... L cJ' -J/ '-J~' L

cJ'.t!;O.l,,! s-:~ I(~~'J.I cJ'" J I(if' t.f.l~' ~~~ "',;


,:,'~ -:-.Ar I(~ "" cJ' v! !'.IJ' L~ ~...t I.)Y7J L r,j o/./. S
.II'" v.:z~'...t cJ~""",cJl.t!;~...r ;!'!If'J1 -: ~.I( v'

',f J'., JJ1.1,J ,,".1,/ .::..? ~k-- ScJ' v! Pl~}i 2.... v' _" ~
cJ';t!; Y JJ JIf I JJ1J,~ .I; v' .::,.:}? J;r ScJ';:!; v' ,ji!
_IJ c:Cf v.! J! .I"; I(~ ,.t. Sv'

32

(1)
:/- ~ ~I;

J/,.J ,"?fi Po L (~, L .r~ L

J'
v' J2 -~

cJ'_t1;

~'! (j.l ~%.J!!J:i~ ,f ..::.-~Ji'J "";iJV L


~ uL..t'~2... V' . cC" c:t'! r';;; vI? f J!JIV. J.PoY" /.
./"'_t'~' ~L.,!~ 1./,Jj ~II.)J.I'.J:_fJ
(0 L';;; f J: -=-<:'J.I
~
eJ _rr L.,!~./ ~ v.1.),$ L ;'.lJ.lJ)~' ~.lJ'L.,! ~./.I~
L
~ L/.i ,ul? Lj '-x L;:p~"e V!.I~ ~ J/2... L e~J~
/.', Lj Lv' L_/J~j '[!fcJ','.!J"-.lLJrt.lJ' ,f"::'-J&!
L J_t; L '-JI? I.)L.;:
-~./ ~ v.~ LJ~r /.i 11.)j,f vI .lJ'
~ ~ V. "::'-JGo! ~ "";iJV L'.lJ!J:v.~, v. ,,1719 ''-.l,J J'" V:!,
A eJ.lJ' J".:,.;~e;J.I~ J!~ .;;;~,f v' J2'~~~{.;;; ./ J(j
J L vi V. if. 'P. L J:,.;I; 'e~ .I'JI.)L.;:-~~ b: o~'- e.l~JJ
~ L J~rI.)L.;:e~ IJJJJ' J L.!-'"- ,;-' L v' j b: '~J~ L." ,JJU!
L:j L V' .lJ'e~ .lI_tL.;:.l "'.li L? '~J~ L/.' t)-~./
~v.
('..JJ.I~ J~.lJ'~ 1.)t.~..J
JII. L-", 'i-'_~I./ I rJ~':t'vI?
ii L

_t'le~

(1)-~1.f,,

"I) JI I cJ'.lJ'.J!
v. Po L /. ~j
UJY' -i"j .JJ' ;Jj.lf v!~ 8J,l_ t:.~'- L"L.t' ~,J.Po'L.,!
~f ..::.-'!'.I..J'
cl.l eJf]? ,-I.)~ 0% .lr jf ,l_ 'f-.I ; JjJ{ .A1L-- L
vI f'[~1./" d
k .I;' V' ,-,-~~ { d./J(j'- ,.;1;
!b:

'~J~

d fl) CL ~

v.o;~

,f ui'" (j{I.)J;( ~ L v' jJ' J ~ .::/j ,f LI;.J: ..$'-;( L


J'!./ rjJ v. J.rL L." :jJ'~ 8)1) ~ -toJ J,J u! cJJ.!,f V' JJL
clj JII. r v' p. L V' 'i// IiP! ;;: ~ L ? jl?J~i.. 1.1' ~ ~ "
e~ ..J .P!L v' 'I" (~....0".1 .1.1 j~?:! ~ tf ~f',,, '~J~ ..J.uJ1
_~~r
~.;;; /J(j ~JII:11-' ,.$ .P!L~Jv81

33

J~ ~

JUf L v' i '.t1 ,J~1.)1;


v!~; .I L e~ .J
L~ S....6." (t L V'/ b:e~J~1'-J!?
L JJ'~ v.
,;-'L I.)?;L.~ .I'.t~ -~ ~ .J~I? e~J~eJ!? J/':;;'J V' i
V' ~ ~.J.r '- >/ V' --?/ ~ Yo/.' 'i../ A ,-;'J.JJ L I.)vf
/.J,~} 1(-'./.'
~L ~~, cl.J,-I.)~ O!!..I~ji 'vf.J~' tf L

.r~ f~,

--

(2)_VV.Jt: L
~, ej'.t'~v'''L.t1.,:...'J' V'"I.)JJ!? f LJ.t; S AJ~v'
~~ C/'J'Z ,-l.)i.J1 i ~ )v.'J ~ ~, v!~ ,....cC ~ ~61'- .I,J L
..::&.,:...~ ~ ~

a '- JI)' '-/JJ

~I

tJ~

L v' ',-I.)~y

--?'}

Cf,.t1J JJA Jll1' ~ !.t; ~I i..vI'" J.t1 ~ .,:...;~ISLf


J~.t1 I~ ":"'k",.P J ":""J~ J'_'; v! c)I '- ?-.1 ..1lr-v! I.)i.ll -~
.1'1 ";;-J. L V' .J~~ s.'f-.J? .I? v!'-.J~L e~ .IIJI.)~ -v!'
i~
8J~ L L/I.J{ 1.,:...1:11} i"- .JJ'Jilr-i J ('.Ii -v"JUffA
~.J.J~".J} J1j tJ '- --?JS if- -~ l/e.J ~ ~ JI.JJIv~ L ~I
4)i ,:, .JJII J.t1'::':;';J ~ S~I i ,:,
v! J.t; S~ v' ,2_ Lf
j;~ ~tJ If!!. ~ v! A J ~ ~ ~ -~ C.t1
J'1v ~I J J/~~;
-~f J.~~.,:...111.,
L.t1 i..J: f " ~ Ji vI tf '-

(2)
. J.t1 ,I..&:' SJ. ,:,1; i..L ~~ v! ~'.tl;f
LvI
L

"j
.JJI .I'.t~ 'JJI .IJ~,y.,f.
.JJI1/
i..L,:f J

-v!.t1 v! ,:,L; L/.

,y, ~I ~Lb: e~J~

/t
J

.J

-J.t1 ,~

e~

e~

.t1.JI; ~I.)~

f"

,:,1;

Jiv ":"'.JyI(j ~ v! ~. L I.)~

JL/ J'1v.:.eLt S,yl~.J ~u

';-, fyl -=

~,:,~;
L;P~

i t; e~J~'-J.J,S,y'

eJ!? JI

,:,1; ~I ~

,:,1;-=

P.

v! ..1~

J.tf~ 1-=S'-J'?

~ i..vI ',-/ J'1vl:J

34

'bJ/ L cJ'.IJ'J. v. J~If v' _LJ ,.,JIY ~ ":'~Yu,bj '" uki e:


.IJ~u, JC;:, v! ":'.Iy1 If ~~~.IJ' If JA If/.
L ur. T rf '"

t-j

-'-;!'JI:f.
e~J~~ Po L/. t)

J'/ If cJ'.IJ'./.v.'-~ Po ".IJ' J'./ If cJ' '~J~ j L; .I'ti!/ J. :tI' .IJ' J;../ '.;.,J.Io.r->. Po L v'
CJ'rr J! lu?Y." If J v! -rf" v''' LJ!rr ~ ,"..:.s:Lr
J'1,..:.s:lt If ~lr. .I'ti' ~ e: L,f .::iIf uJY ,;--' ..:.~ .IJ' "
~ I.;.,J.I.IJi (1Ji L u~,~ If.~..J v!' Jf~.1v! J>I SLf
iiJ vJ~' v!~ I L v' j V'~bt'~J~
1Lt,L cJ' fi f! JI'
Lrr '"

"J

JJ

eJ

,j

~/.l'l/l.'V J, L J. '-t'Jt.~j.1 ('l)-Jv:.J-;",.J.I


.~ .IJL!.. "'J:.!J L .::i~ -TJ If Lrr Ly '-;:,~ 'i.' .k. .
I IfLif .JJJI ~ uf.r..J!p Ly ,;-'J .::.:tJ J.v...J LJi
v! ,j.rr..:.,,,.,.I!/'" If cJ' s: .I'J:.!J L.::i ,. '-J!p JJ -v!' v..

~,tbt.J

.t~ f /. .I,;)

If UJ:tI' " ~, J' J .::.:tJ v.. '-~

L ,1857

-v:.J bt'~J~ l.:::5.u,,.:tI'


~Lz .I'.ti' ~"'J~IJi f ~-:;..
~
Lrr .I'J~',f L,f .::i
'~J~ U;~
';-,J} eJ '(.) v' _Ii Crr.l~1~J ":'~Y'Jki '" uki 1
~"f L v' v.. .IJJL)i .~.IJv. _fL ~ LrtI ;.-z; ;.-z; J S
'-J!p _;.I" .IJ' L.v:.J
":,,iIJ ( '~J~ eJ f i:... i~ J! " ,,:..~
v'
.

J""

_Lv:~
.

".I'

(3)
cJ' ~J; .Is/' ,".1';-1~
UJ.I'J:./J L ':::;'.IJ' L~ rr

~ L 'u#. cJ' L " ...:::;


.

r? v..u?Lz...$J
If c.!' .IJI Cif11r.I~,;-'Po L 1.::5

'~J~'~

fY' ~ u~
_i:.. LJ

,;1;

.:.,;:.V ~

35

f,,,-:,i. r v' 'Lf~'; J'j~ u}l';J;I

~I

v?Lz J ,y,..L LJ Lf ~ ~ rJr

UJ.J

J rJl.t1V .r ~I

j ,:,

r Ll~~I

Lf J.iI A~'~
LJ-- ~

V. ~ L '::)JJ J JL .IJ' U/.~

f ~.-?JV' L ..Jl,ll":"Jlv'Hf!, _r (j J ...J, ,:, ,JJI~.JJ~ r U-"JGJ

f ~"JJ.,

JLf

fl['JLi "..:..~VI

~ V. J, IJ; L e!

r ''''J~V. ..:..JJIreI'~.IL~;

I.'" .JJttJ.~

.J

r 'YJJ!.<'

.s ..Jl,l,(iii 'J.JL~;

~I

U~J
L

V. cP'.t.Cf J~.,f~t.fI IUP'V')IV

,y'

LeI'.IJ~ ~'I" .I'; J J'ju;~L


.J~.I~".IJ'~.J ~ .IiJ JI
f.liJ / ~ (? ~I fv
Iu-t1~ j I[~ ~.:J I~t)~
Lv' uv!? u/ JJ .JJ'uLJv' fl/l[.JiJ / ..:..JJIrrJl ~, -LJJ
I/~JJ fi~ ~ (?f
1j.Jf ~';.JJ J (.I u:l'J/
-I/v if
jJJ~ VI- .JJ'I/vf -'i
~L J J -(I.JJI
f
u.Jr~I ".::..P J..:..7JrJ'.t1V~LJ:,J.J .JJi (JJ;(4)
~,:::;
I(Iw.'" LV' v 1/v..J' 4'L .::)j/ rJ'.t1VVI Lif.
''''J~ V. Po Po 'Ji IJ!? -"'~ ~ oA ,.r-"i J VI f.JLI
(JJf -1[.11; J J'j IutJ!?.JJIuj.Jl J (?I[.J,f. ,,'/.1 ~v ';-'
,.f..J';~" r)J~ fl" J~ 2.. vl'J.! ~~".:J I~.JI~ L .IJi
-L! L LtJ.~.6 ~ IJ't;P1w L..Jl,l, Jlt -~ 1/% Llj'....ti

w~'.:f. v!

J~,
LtJ~

v.

v.'-/

~, _I"

.J

L fr Iv

J .JJI(?' L

e"'J~L

(S}-I/8.lf

Jf ~L
V. ..?~L,y'

rJ.~'
":"~'J

rJ'-v

if

eJ'~

c,C?' r r)1(Iw e"'_' ' J~f j I"c".1 r uf1Y V. rJ~.t.Cf J~~


,/ -(I~t c;l..J' (iii r)cf r'''J~ L~..v J'JLlhl.J )1Y ~I/'J-.I

'''J~f~
IJ

.JrJ

r v' vf

f JLil / .:;",,!IjfL '''J~L vl-v b:.J

._L, til ~ J'/ ~I., JL ~ IGJ .:://. .Ji .JJ'JJ~/.


J,i 5 J/ ~ .1'#

JJ

,:,I;J.Jj

J LII VI -lJ"",-~~
d-h ....j J JI,.V

36

'-- v! efl) viII (jJJ.L e~J~2-~ II'y.:


r LII' ,;ljJ) tf 1ubI?)JI UJJI? ',J. '(/ "I

2--~~2...';-,

-~ L! !J efl)
""I:)I}}"'JL e~J~-~ C",f.!/-

L J; L.ly,f.!1 J'. "':"V


-JjJ-", 15vi )JI.J JJ '",I; b~r vi J'. 1:)1 2- LlI'tll' ,;IjJ) y.
',-- ,":"L? L,I. -IJI '-- v! ub::r' JJ ,Jvi ulJi L vi -lJ"
-~ rr PI?J~,I. r-1ft vi' vi

')'-lJ" v! elt- JI ,--~!,J

J~i)J?,.f/ -I.s: Lfk!


)JI

)JI

&:t,..J1(lSi 1uy"jJJ.

L e~J~

J z.r)' ~',JPIL Lf)??J ~~

J!~U;~L d....JI(lSi y. ~

uJt.' I r' ~ 1e~J~L (lSi L


_JJ.,f.! ;; '--

J'. 1:)1re~J~

J~'--~! 15UJzy Ji.l.5j ~


...:..~)JI L! !Jf =--.,J) 5000J~JJI re~J~f!J e)? ~ I.::/! hY
L! !Jv!/.! (i ,:11 .J JJ 'e~ JI-J.! OJ v./.!/ ubI?J
/.!y. 1I:)I~I;L V')JI e~J~-1J" ~i ,J,;JJ~30,000'-- if&:t,..JI (lSi;; v! vl.l tf- J" ~i ,J,;JJ~JiJ 7 '-- Vi ~)i tf-,f I.5J
)Ij/. e.J r vl.J(' tf-l'b '-J v! ...:..?) IJ)I1/ hY J~tf- C"d I';
Lvi

jl" L.'_.rJ'J I:)~Jk

-r-)
Jt -~)(~ '--LII"~.IJ'. Jif 15c[..J1 (lSi J.~ (~e~

V"~ v! Jif 15.)1 ,.r'1j -(, u v! ,;Lj L (Perron) I:)~


,--' J~JJI rvi fIJi I,=" v .I~,f L vi _I" J~ 7- A1~L vi
I" ,;eJ tf- J!" J/.J)} 1.1 y. Li Li J vi .J(',-1' JJ.~IJ~
-,-f
'--

~J

JJ v! JI.h~.1 ,s ._.g J7- ~~ ,,1803 L eheJ;~


J7-; .II :r/I~fi -0' J'..I} 15UJ:t!'l'~-'"'--.I} tUhY (~
"".Ii' J'.1-( L.~ ~b:7-f .:)1, 15 f fV.llJ r vi L
e~ , ~

"'

e~J~

~J

Il

37

-v:! '.'1 1.:1'

1;J'..:.-IIP 0Ji'~,.!-.!,(~,~ ~ '.'1 ~,...{I; r ..:..tJlP 1:)'

f,rJJA.::/;o'~J~~ c-~Lv"JLLJi' >'O'Y'jJ'


f 0~ / 2... L Lf t'" ~u, "'~ '-t' L J[ _,fv J'.,.,; JtJ
_;~ ~4~.I L JJ -i~'L~oJfF ~; ~; ~u, J"~J~f
,;..lJ' ~f J} j ,;.i_ L l.)iY J~J~ ~/ JJ f~f e /'~J~
L
,;. ":,,iIJ J// t:JY J~J~ If'eJ c- ,.Jf;(6)~ i_ L (' If' V:!'
/ j.}J V' .lJ' s: ; .I'} j.}J r J[ /'~J~ A~.J' L J{(7)_~J
~r I~.I'J' V' L
eJ 2..."" .lJ' ; .I~", Ji'

r ~;

~~J~

~y~.'.~.I_;;" U-'
.~.lC ""{I;r .,:..r~JL.v,loY' f t::... ~...(,

L f1857 -~

~ ,JI;

r.,:..r~J~ f If ~

.lJ' V,),J ~.l1f' _jl,J1; ~ J'. ":".I~

C,r v:!

""

_ 2::...1..
,f

tf

~ rf1857 fi ~

0/JJ '~ b:..d' ~ /

,JI;

1.1'

:'C,r L(L

(4)
J'. Jv ,.,;

Lv'

c-' L u,..:,j F J'..:.-IIP J'uJ:Jr ~ (~ ,~

.lJ' (~,~ -~

p ~ ii ~.I'

0: I:))'; .lJ' d'/ o'~J~u~OJ~J oJ,;rJ1~


L,r a;: Lv' .lJ' t:J'.t1;f 2... L 1.)_P.i~

01.1' .lJ' ~ ,v,/ rt:J'.t1;,;-' 'J C- ..:J? J'L,r '~J~ -l ,f cf.


,fiYo c-' I.)!,;.L; L I.)J-v_ -~f ..:)t;( J't:J'.t1V,;-' eJ f,J O.l'J
.I_!ke7 c-' J'. f1789 -~ cc= f,v-.,
~'.Ii rt:J'.tI;;;;_'
rf
., 'J C- 1.1' 1
~jv c-' J'. fl836 -~ ~.,J.I.I!h vdp.:.,
r 1.1' ...f? . ~ ";-J.I
/1(8) LYl v:! ~.I{ ..:..~'jlL v' C- ~ I rf ,:fl.l_!k 8.11/
....
j

J'.,.,; JIj IL t:J'.t1;O'~ f ~ .z .I; v' ..:..~Ij' J'. ;.;L; L ,~


r ";-J.I .I!h ~; L J2J J'. ,1809 _ T.I .1':( J.t; 0..:../
J .::i.I'/

38

f! J..z.J;
j I/.J/",IjJI
'u1j (Ii

VI JI~ ,f cf-i.JI L &jl.t1V ,j2(9)-I/.J/'" ~J

J:.i .:t'}Le~ /t~-I)C"

v.

~ ul:(r &jl t.J VI

s.~J,I cSr/cSLf f .:;,'fljl ~

u}J.) ~ L u';1

~.JJ~Oi~(JJ 'uJf felf V 3~.J vJ ~ u"ll- cSJI .JJI.:;,~


.JJIty if.~ cS(~c:)IV(Y +J V.k.LlV.Jr Oi~J.JJI ..;IV
IJI,.;j ~ VI.JJILf}'j"('- L vI Lf ..11 yC.JJIty rvI -I) yC

v.

.JJIJ,l L .~ .JJt~ cS U.t~ f . Lflf J; L JJ "' vI


.:;,'fljl ~ vI 2- v' 'I) J' dJ ~ ~ ,j2(lO)-LJ:.i .:t'},f

J/~ J o.~cSc:)1.t1V
f L l,f Jlr-J

JL I" ~

-1/
4-C

J' ~ r,f cS

'.1':(f 8 .:;,!rc'y., .:;,I.J!jL u1j .JJI.:;,~ "~J~ -I/..i~ / J.tj

v. u,...~ L.~ 1I.JJI.~ .JJt'u~ J.J'u/'f 'uf'v--I/


.JJIUJ.JI!JcS~ v. J~JU~J '''J~ ..;17 e~ r} rU"~J~ J"~

.J~,fir ~
vl-lIlj

8f..f

ui.Cf' ..;IV ~

JLLI Jc:)1'f- UJJ I~

Oi~L ~ J.J.JJi (1Ji -1f'J.I'f

Jj

JtJ.JJJ.:;,/.
c:)1.t1V
f v..J uj; 2,f &jl
L U? + L uj.J; tt~ ~.J.t ;;i rJ.tj
v.&-.J~Lj ~~Ji -~J.tjJIV
J~~-=--'.1 r c:)~.JJL u/.JJI v.!~.J IJ V. if. ....,i.e u"
j 4:. eJIj c:)Iy.j~
Z vlV J/c./. c:)I.JJIi:.. vir-

v.1r ~

+r?

rt-'

-1..1

V. &j'.t'.I l.t~ ~

"'~ JVI.JJI.Lf
,,:,,1 ~

vl,j2

v. -1/L v. uyP J:I L


if &-.Jljv. LLj I'u~ J" eJIJ

.d'~ L v'

I) Cfl"

d' r Ly", vI

I) c"...t.J

~ Jt,f LIV It.JJ~f 4 I) r} J~'...{.JJllIr i:.. &-.Jlj u~


(ll)tt" ~;

:fi:...:;,I..iC L~~Ji p.La~~


..;Lj~ 'J~I

J;.. ~J~ Ju"~J~

'~.:"j

Jc:)1'.Jt'

39

J? )JI"'tiL!~i'"v!;{_L ~;I/~':::;J L~)

v!

L ~ ,I,.JI .:.s:I-tl)J!? ~ ,fl ..L Lf 1I1j~!A'r.


v! I:)J./l)/. )~ .;Cr ~i~ L ~! ~ v! ,.;L;L .:v,J
J;I

(l2)IIJf

t,,J,

~,.,; ~tJ'I

!rJtJ4 f j.~(?" ); v' v! i!~

!l)J~~I:)~J~J~...ftL~

/,7

.re;: Lv'ijl/.S

1/JJ (3 JLJ) l.tt,,;rPo,;J rJ, ';-v L v,)1

'-~ L L)!"

v!,J.1:o L ~~'j'~r t,')j~' rv ( 4:. 1,[


)(;1 v! ~ V' _Ii Jtjl ~:/ l)/. ~ r ,j. ,;J tJ ,fl4ft.
2.. L I:l- 1:. ~.tt '(.;J) ~~..4rL vI ~ V' f t f ,f/1, S~ J~ If J...,; ...ftL,J, Ii (?" ,~v! JJ '-/(l3)ctJ tf-) JtlJJ! SJ'J 4::-J~ f J~f f ~
v! J1, l)/.
( .;:,t'.

Jv ,.,;'-J!p (Ii
S),i

f"

(5)
j.tt ..::.t:'J) ~ L)! 1:)'..:1; ~

-I J.tt,f- SL~A~~,.,;
~j~'

v! )JJjr

,f-I )J' i:.. Lf~) u!

(14)_L LM11dJY" JtlJ'J

LI.tl; L v' ;"";""L Jy ~A


~'J) rJi) ~)I'Jli ~'J.v v! (J'

S~)'

'I

Jr ~ . ..

S1:)'..:1; ~

Ii VJf
(j) *,/.1). J!J'~
)J' IiU~)~;r! 'J ~~ Ii1, ~ )..:' L J! ...ft(J' ~, L .~
l'
L 4 o)r 'Ji t.-k-- ~Ij -fi(15)_~ c(, v.! ...f ~)y' Ify t/
L v' ~ I:l- 'v! ~V .II; 500 Sv' f tf- !PIL)! '-)~ L
(16)_~.tt ,.;..Ji ~,f v!,j. Ii C~,.;l..:1 Jv JI)J' v! ~kiY Ly 70
_li~? r ~i)1
f tf- / L ~'JL'J'(.;k-- '-/JJ...ft ~~ If..

r~.~

r~.~

-v! (j1) J!~? ~, Po v! L V' V.;!" v! ~v SV' 500


IJ~

40

r~

~r SJ, '..u(l8)-~ A? (L)!.f.! 1~4)!/ SJv 18j.I ~ ( e" (17)


I,)!~ ~J'I-: J'~(l9)-~ C~tlf 4)! JI$J L ~'.tlr Oi" ~ ?:(
I,)!~' 'i:.. ~f .::/jJ), J/,; )J' i:.. ~ }'t J/'),; e: v' i:..~)

....ti~J ~I )J',J J, J1

;./'lSj~J.;'L'j'

_i:..L

~I

~fI

.. .. I.:Ir ) J I..,P..ff'/.:>',(.~
) I'~
:; 1./"
.T" I.)J

Jf..J

J12104.1.a&. -: 4)! 18584795

ei2:!~'~
,,!.tj eJYo,-o

S~1Y

L~ 4)! ,1836
4)!

~ I,)!J~JJJA ~I l;f.fr ~1(20)_i:..~J

.s J'1Y

(Ii -:,f

~~~, Jt'} SJ) (t -~ Cl ~ ~~ Se"J~ ~I Yo~ CJ1


-?J..s? lSJI.---). SL);!J )JI! S~~Ijl -,J J./)_,f. ,,_;y,
J

I){ 1~~Ij I :;-'(21)_i:.. L.I~)

_;_,r 4)! L)_,/j,JIY 4)! ~i

I J.:..d 4)! J!'J' S"fA )JI i:.. ~


);/,1845

{lie

_~...f

i!..j ~

L)p.ln' -:

~I~,J.~

f...f

-:~

t.. L L.I

L)k 'i:..

L.I

s:

=",.,J.J.J'li
~ ~ vI L J'! Ij_,.t lSJ J/ L ~ J.
(22)-.Jk"'J' Jj flJ 1.J.ti 'V ")J w(1" vI L e~J~ I/k"~
J'-tJ...I~,; Jj J'1Y fk" lS.J~:V 1,1848 if 8 L~ .JJIt!
J'1Y(23)-f- C~t~u;(~I ') v.t L.I;IJ":;># 4)! ~I~ el} Jj
SL.I J,-'J =",.,J.J
~ e'.Jj,Jt Ji ~ J} SLfIJ{ ~~Ijl :;-,
28 f f- CJ1~ JJ. ~ L~ e~ .JJv.ejl.tl ( vI _i:.. L.I ~ 1
,;I-j lSJ' ~ f f- eJIJI ( J'1Y ~ f J ~tJbl ~I 1,1846~
flJ f JJJI IIl.Jj L e~J~'L~ ~.I ,..;.! "!/.7." vI i Li ~.J ~
~I " v.!'J .JJIL~ ~ v!
lS/ JJ .J. L~ ~ ~ 4)! ~. =",yJ.J
IJIYoli ~

Jj

~r

e"

Jy

(24)_L~S?

Jjv

'L)~~J..v. J~

'J,( J lS.J~ 'vtlil

"1/
1:9.J;' ,I'
~11~.JJI.JY'"
D.:;pl).tj ~

JyL

4-' _tJlj _/I"

J.tJ SJ'1Y

"'J'
~

J':';-';

'f

SJVJ J~

I' JJA 'J


~JJA .JJIl).tj
. yL

L J? /. ~~YoJ 8J -: lSi ~ ~

41

~v:! .:..t(A J/ L L,., ,~ L ~t..i' JT ~.JJ' ~u"


L:A '- J:. ~, f 'f-

J:. ~-AL cI-~ L ~'JL'J~~

J:.

~~

o-'Ij

./ /. J,., "'.3 pL lS/ JJJJ' ,.;1; ~JJ~ ~ et ",:,,'j Ji'! J-.f' v~


r u-t1~ i::. ~ ~ If.! (jJJ, y ~'j _~ (/ y~ e: f_, t.f (r r
.J'C ~ 2... L ":"sIP If ~I ;"-J ~
J"! s:'f- ~ J:. ~-AL J!.J L ~'(/
(j v.! '-lSk.~v.!' if- J -: SJItJ t.:f-(26)_._f '~'- J/
J? J:. uJ~,~,-:i L~ ,.,
v; L ~,~ e: VI -!

L ~IJLIJ(25)-vf ~ ,.;A'~ 'JJ' ~ CL ~t. -:;.,JJ~ /

.r
'~

VI -:

-.fl r ~I

j;;J ~

J If.! JJJ

r~ J~JSif.

eJ~j '-

~I

:f 'f_~

JJ,

If.! ;; '-

1J./J~I

eLJJ/ UJJI) '::;J VI

'-1fZ1j ~ L U}IJ L./

'- JJj JJj z..1 8J _~

JIf.! t

J ;;

e~J~JJI L~
~ ~IJLIJ(27)

i ~'('J'J J:.~"

rljJ;

JJJj

~IIIf.! ~ J; L U';I

,.~I

If ~I

jjJ

JJ_~

'-

v~L if./e~J~ f ~'f-J )lSJlj J ei


(2~:~~tfV~~UJJr"'V~!AI~~
W
~

~ Po L ;{, l.lJ.t J'~J

ScI-~ JJIL.f /. S~ ~

L(

:ft::....
,

L ~I J/ f LJ] J,.,uJJ:. uJJlb tiJI LJ]t J~JIf~~"


.:)j-:I.)! I:l- LJ] u~,.,: i.J 1) ~~ JJ L ~I _:.. f,,.;
J..tl
',-:"j ~I i 'f- ClI',;IJJJr,.)i tf.~ -v.!'?J J,J ~JL L
JhJI

C,.,). rUn LJI. (- J _;'J. (-'~


Jv 80/ If ;; '- J:. ~I LJ] L~,.,~;r

~JIn -: JJI 'f-

,f .fjJI{ eJki '-

... ~I -t::....J ..J uk '- v~,.,


G . 1' "J -t::....
v-,.
(29)ttLJ],f lSJ,;; ~ LJ],f/ i ~ If cJ.l.lJ. ~ L e~J~

J;'.t.I.!".~Iy.; ;;

'-

veL

vI f UJ ~i....;)If ~ vI L J[./~ / .:;)~


vI If cI-~

42

tJ/b'(~ 1.)!,.,Ji 2._ L ~I f J_" ~:(.1-.(I ~L~V'J~~ V''(


~y,.f ~A~ _v.:~OJ ~jJ), ~I SJ{ v.!' P. L ~ Jt L~

v.:,P. L ~ )i flf
:f~ ;.} ~L U';I "'-}; 2._ vI_L
r'-?
L r" ~ ,j".r; ~ Jt V j~.;
L 0' v.:'"
~ i (L'; (I' ~-r>. J i)v.:~_"r .I_" (
JI L J!/. >. J'( _L '-L.lI~Jell~ JJ
VI L~ V
Jlj;
v.:, Ip L v/ v.: JI-!'

2._ L ~I~I.)! ';:'.lyI

vIi~

v.:

~jJ),

u_",y~

L~

~I.I

~I

I.)!

(I.)!

Lly

A~

j~

I.)! ,-}~

l.IiL/uli

~~~.lJI

~;~;J

u~j

,j~):

If(t L ~I ~

'O.ll0.~1

>.A ~ ~

Lv/

1.1'

v{~_" .I-rJj "'- Jet~ ,j".r; Jf. J} ~ .lJI JL~

_"

(30)ctL

d.'~ i ~~Lhl.l ~II~e~ .lJl.-{L UyJj J~-r>.1.)! .....~ L f1857


L .....
~ VI L U';I ~ _;! ~J

~I.lJJ

'-.d ~I I.)! c,j

IUJJ'?

S-rJ91L f1857 -V' v.: ViIJi,o '( JU;I ~I ~


.;:,j I.)! ~/j I.)! f 1862~ e~ .lJl.-{'I_" ....ir;'( ..:,..r~J~

~ P. L J'(t
JJ

L V",_"

% ~.IJVl.l~u,? '(j-.{I ,;! '-.lL U;~L d'{k"'-1858 Lj

Jj

U;~

PI

L JI

If

~ i;f...JI} eJIj? .lJI -.(I oAf t.J1JJ;:j ~Iil.lJI

L -$. cl-IY ~Ii!_~.I~ "'- J'J ~ q 1f.lJ)p -f't .lJI I_"


_"J{J.I I.)! Jet u;~
L ,;Lj.lll v/; S.I):.lJ .lJI LVI..lj~
_;!

(6)
.Il.til

~I I.)! Uiv y. '~I;:r;~~ ~

C_".II}

J-j u;~L fyl

I.)! .;:,)IP

f '7- ~.I.I;")

~'( b.lC

If JIJj~I;:r;O'J'7- C.I ~

49

LJ')i .::.-~,},L 1.:)';:1;,C" )JJ


)J' ~Jv'~'
S,jf )(11V .
L~; v~ L 1.)1.';)J' I.)J!')L 1.:)'-J!i

-J"':'! ./JY ~ I.)J)( 11V2.... L


I)!J.PoJ,f-~) J-",J-"'.P.:,f .x
~ y

Lv'i:.. 1....11f

e')j

2{II.)';J~ ~ J~ jf

J!'J'

SD'} II,),?, ~,

I.)J)()11VJ! -: I)!

~) "' JY ~

Oi,..,.. -?') J e~J~)J'

.::.-n" V' ;

~ J11 !-,;I;,.f~

J~ jf J...I.l;) 2.... L

Art! J ,y.,,~ (;tJ, f'11-:";: ( V,.. ~

JG" V' eJ ~.-?J Sif- L LJe),J./ .,1j) J11 0/.,JY SI.)J)()11V


)} Jir ..J/ ,;,jf )( 11V-:)J',_f JJ'j; ")} oL IJj f tf-) ~
V' t,r) J J, ( k J.I)! J~lie -1/11 /ju"J!,,)},,~.J.",
-r'; ..J/ ,;eJ !s: i!11b'J);' v' .::.-')~'
L v' )J' Ii 1/.x );,
v' _Ii ( ~ 0' k J~If.. 'Ii C if -rJ.Y ~ ~IJj .J. Iito ,.;j I
)J' I!.x ~ t]f ~,~, .::.-~
L 1.:)'~ .-?JS I.)~ J/ J)I( S,jf
~ .J'V ( I.)J:t!tI)! .:,...'~ J.,);:' SJ L1.)';1~ .-?JS.tlj J-II(

A:. e,,,.LL,jf A~~I.:)~~I J~J)I(~'~.-?Jj I.:)f,.1


r~JL J)I(~, ~ ~ SI.)?II L 1.:)'J; (j~ I.:)~~ )J'
(Jt,; I.:)~)J L I.:)!.fo~)J' t]f ~,~, J! ~ 2.... v' -e: 1....J

-'11 I)! -6.S,,~f~ ~;-v ( t]f L I.)';f j 111


.::.-)1( (0 I,j;-v Lv' L V' i J; v- )'.ti' t]f~,~, ~
j,f 11r '::'-)J/ S,jf )( 11V2.... L 1.:)'~ n' ~ L I)! 'JJ.) ~f I
~ L,sr 2- vI _~.I (.;.v ~I.!;j.::.-Gbi ",I:}' L U';I
(,1757)

)~J)(

~),jf ('Y' i,;JII/11t

J!,jf )(11VI)! .::.-lllrJIr J"~ i..~


lJJ.,t- ~ uk.~?-L cJ!jtJ, L vF ,;~ -:{'yJ) "JY ~ 1.:)1.Pof
L J[ ,.I-I.:)!.f L I.)?F JJ'( (j';)Jf v! if ~
.:--7; .:--7; J! ,jf
L vF St]f 2.... 4)'1 -l0J~ U)'J ....j

S(.;GJ L

1.:)'

-:;.v

_~,(~I~I
,

...... ,

50

= JC "j- 1/1/~
Jj J'..J ojr

L 1:)1Yo' s: JI,

2... L VI II:)I.t1i l>'~L .JJ'" tr" VI

L I:)I.t1i>.Yo 'J'.l)r~

1/-i"j ( 1:)1'"
1:)1 J'. ~1I1P
J LYl ~~

~Ii JJIJIJ diu JJIti

IOJljr JJIoJI) Jj ~I

J j;}f ~ ~~

L I)r~J

JIJ J~Ii (IiJ} JJI~JfLIp

OJIJJ} v~I J'. .::/.J JJIl)iJ~JJ/ 'Ij


'l)?jV S J~JJ'J L

L A~} JJI!:fi (J~.%

J~

JIJj
~I

f Yl cJI'"L

r,!I"

>. S vI JJI1/n

"J} J~ J'.1-.

L if.'t:C. cf. .:'l L oj~

I (IJr JJI~)' if! 'JIJ~ S .::}JJ'o~,

JJI,J .ilk' S .:/,

Yl JI)

L J{ ~I

J~JJL cJIt:C. "':"'JjJ'.~}'

'J JJI"'-:'(.j Jf'Jjv

JpL L

S I:)t:--J~f ~~
IJ.'J

JA~jtf

i ~J'. cJI'S ~; S J~I do L cJ'.t1i()i~ L


L JI!' JJIe.tV;" J} J1j ='~~ IfAJ &' ~

L Jlp;Y~II:)I.t1il>'~= i:.. JjJ' J'. J'!I" ,f


~ (I' (~ ~ L if.'ti .r;:J! J~ ..:..r'uj ~ .;

(I' JJI..:..r'~J~V
S 1:)1JJIi:.. 'i-J

~.;JvS ~

2."j-J ~JJJ';J~ILI:)I.tI;l>'~eJ(~JJIJI

J.:;$

(1)

~ >. J,['i:.. z....JJi'tt/jJ

=~

":,,,Ii"I:)~

L .JJ1J'. ,I~I

1/n jJJr" 2... L I:)'.tli L 1:)1e.J ( ~J'jJ J'.


(--' I ~Jk-'JJ10;/. S e~J~
>. = .; J} JiG",fl'i;_ Jljr JJ'JI)
Se~J~f lI(1j II(1J';J} L oP ~JI) JJ' o)JGJ~: i:.. z....f

Jj

j;~

ok-'_ti

.IJ'

51

t'! I '-r'} e_

...;Iii t: .IJILI.I..i: v! .::/.Ii


J~jfJ JII. UZ ~I e: L J~ L if.! rf '::'.I'jJ .IJI~
Jvl_jl L vl"; s: Ltti::-J...;I1i ~ J:: I"'J~ f .IJI!
L cJ' -tj.l J~ ...f .IJ? cl..J1ojG JI, '::'.1'" =! j. c.t! ~ JiG"
Lf.lq;1 ~ rD~J~L.lJ? C)'_..JI
ojG ~ ~.I~I L.JL j.l1l v! ,;Lj

Po L

t.::.1ibi L'",

2- ~.1

v'.JJ' ~f cJ~' roA'J}


!'11 c.t! J,...;~~, JIv. cJ''''!;Oi~ L J,...; = cf.
"'~JcJ' ~ v' ,;.IJI "Yl I~ .::.~ JiJVl ,:11 JIV. cJ' ~ v' ,;
cJl...!;,j' Po L

~;/I,..- ~

;/J'

IIJJ'

~Jf

_J11 ./t> Oi~


(2)

L J;:L ~J

J,Ud1 JiJVl.lJIDJ/{ 'A:'.-'"JI.u cJl...!;Oi~ rIIJJI

>- V. cJ~~
~ ;/~.IJ>-

J11 ~J v' ,,'N.' JcJ''''!; V' ~ ;/'J'~JJ-PL


Oi;/ Yl~.1 ~.1 ~ ~ JlJV' J "'~ ~
;/.u r utj~ GJ;/J' ut.d ~ J u}jl,..- v. ..::,..-"~

;/J' "

,;IV "Y' ;/J' ~

D;/.u

v. Lih \i ~ ~j

.IJI ~ fi

4'-v? Oi.lJ'f"';/ v. Jj

I~/ ~

J.Po V' ~IJ;I

d L .::.111, ;/J' J'f Jjlt- Iz DJ~'"" ~

2- "';J/" LJ! ~

(Ii cJ';/JI i:.."';y-

cCYl'-r~r OiJv. J-PL

.Po~

_J~L cJ';:!; V' 11fiL v. L~j I J}


J ~.JC ;/J' J',; L cJ';/JI..~.JCi:...;/r J JfiL v..::.~cJ' (,,1737
= ;/J' '" (;,1/ r cJ' '"" ~ L ",I ;/JIi:...~ =v. Jjl,..- ~ Y L UIV
.::.GJ)cJl; '::'JlP J1, cJv.

I_.~.IJt LU,)Ij if.J,1"' cJ~~


~ ~ ...L~ 1f ~IJfL
.~ ;/Jt L UY;Ij
O'~J~

~yJ.IJJ

iJ, fD~.._;.,i

I,}!.J_, v.t;f

~J

~ L.~ .IJt _;;. '-r)'- L D~J~

OJ

fl) ~f J'I;I:{.::.t VI

L cJ' D.d r "ylJ'/-'


~I u f?;/.? tY J,)>> fll ~

J11(lSi Lif

52
.:;_'::)JJ).'J
..I!. r'LL fY'
,
UVy

cl'.tIV~

"- cJ~~.~

.JJ'

V1~}
_ . y ~J'."- .,:..!A'.Po '~/-l 'L':?

.lJt,.j~ ~~ tf..;.! ".::)JJ (V v' 2._ v'


-1/Lf I), _;':?~ 6"(v r

{- v! Jr~Jl'" V'" (,1753 .,:..&,,) -P. .I' ~II: L cJ;


uki vf'v!J"J.' ~V"~~if' ", v! U?;t,..U.l~.IJ.lJ' ~
L .J:r.JJ; t'l Lj L 1:)' j,,!. L c.I' ar1;. v! JIIJJ''} J,r ~ qitr
~ ~'~1~:-4:? u!J~":".J.r' ~ f L~ v!J. _;IV4f t.:/V'~
L ~f "- ~. Lv' J" d U;~L un/I 4J'!' " (~ L
I;)!

J', tSii ~J "-.u tf cJ' .IJI,J.I~I ~~,J ~

"- uJJ!

-V'J~ J'~ f uhJ.I


J JIIJJI J/ f" JU .Ir '/'J r cJ' 'L"~,

"J

.Po "- ~

L cJ' .

r1:)1 v!JV.ly'''~ ~J,J cJ~~ "- ~ L v' -1/.1


,JJ[ ~r ~r .IJ' ~r ~" ,;,J J['~J~ .IJ'",:,,')L JIIJJ'~.1
,J J[ ~ .1f l:I- ~:r ~ cJ!/ L JlJJi.JJ' jj.l (?..:::;u, tf~
J;;'- 4f "- uP ~IV L (' fi IJ} L u";' ~ L Lr v!~"
.J:? f cJ' L v~' L $i,l v' ~.1,.,(! 'J~;
4f ~ r ujJGo!J'J .IJ'II('
f 1:)' L L.tf _;L u~ .IJ'.,:..yJ- J..r J, -v tV v! .::Jjf ~'}
,J J'J; L cJ'.t1V j, "- v.J. .IJ' V'~'.1 ..J} ,J.,:..)'J ~.

~ u!;

f'~'

. J'J; rcJ'.t1V ~ L U~.I~ j .::J L ~


cJy. 'f- J;, O.l{" v'....;J.} If cJ'.t1V jj~ L

.
-J.tf
v' L cJJ...J;l:I-'
JlJJJ'

-'7- CII:"

".v-

I~y' L JlJJJ' "- u;> I~'


L u";f_i.. J~L cJ'.t1V v' ~,
!""v!~'" f ~;{,JcJ1.t1V~JI~, L...p..I' 'V'J'1v 2._ ~,
J'J; "- ~ L )JAI' ~r .IJ' V'';L,;' v! v' L )JAI; vI -V'
"-~.J L cJ' ~~,J J'~;
v!cJ'~
fi J~J(j:r- 'J~'J"~ _',1

~.v-

53

~I ~I

':'~J '~

(t LI..t. cJ'....:1P
-: i.! L cJI~JI

cJ~

J"J'f t,;.v

AJ 0' ~v Lvl,j ~ ..:..j J ~u, 15~v0' J[


f v' I.)! cJ'....:IPV' ~J'j J:, jJ'f J I.)! V' "J'f 8"J~J! .Po Y JJ ~ L
-9 ~

j;~

cI-' -,-f '-t:; cJ~

JI 0,.~I L

p ),Ii'

~J'(I';J' J/u f O'I v.! .:d-I 0

~.IL cJJP
J}cJ'....:1P
0''' ;.ilJ t !;.ilJ I)!JIJ; VI (Jz~v.! J~..:..~yI
VI ~JI 7- CJ'f ~ J'f (~

JIJ;

.d L

7- ~ ~
VI Yo' 7- j 00'....:'60
JII cJIuk -7- CJ'f 1:1/( .; ~I~ L O'~~JI

+y~r JIJ; L

cJ'....:1P

(3)
0 vI ~ J v'J~; ~J' i~;
J r .IIIJJ'
~~I L ~!~ J~~LIrJ'f V .; cJr~IL vI

cJ'....:IP 0''' ~ _P"r~;

i:.. ~ f v. J~}
~ ~ I)!vI

~ -fl.; ('I

2... L u,...r L ....~ t,;G~~JI J~ J t,tJi 0(II


~JI~!~ ,j'?' L vI ~JIcJ'....:1P
0''' 2... vI

IcJ'....:IP...J/,:, L ..:..Ir'j' L

cJ'....:1P0'''

-if./t"-- tf 1.;:)1, JovI J ~~

J 15J~ I

f .:::}
IJ'f.2 I.)! ;'....:'($1 -i"j ~J' ~
uv"

8J~;~

8J~;

J! L cJr~,

i:.. LJ'f

L-vl

~JI

~JI.:;..:!~
~ C~

~i.15JL$I

0~!~ .J'V:({ JIJ;

0cJ'....:1P0''' L .IIIJJ'
He 'r Uil....:1P~ '-/

JJ

..:..J I)! i;L J'- V;I;.' I)!ip; 0 UJJ!'~JI ui~/1)! (7 -/.


:vl ~JI IJ'f ;1;.1 ~ I)!ip; 0cJr~IL cJ'....:1P
nl J.f1 '-t:; JJJJI~
L O~ ,'" _f,[,~ J' J!../'.::)I, OJl,:)'OJ.J"v.J"v L L~'
v
"
"
cJI'Tj
L ui~1 cJ' I)! (7 IJ'f ;1;.1 tf I)! ..:..lrl}I L cJ'....:1P
.J"v
/-

At'../';:::
~~
~-Y' Lilf
'y
~

'V! J~I

I.)!~

~~'J;.nl Lf

=",.,J~

L cJI~JI ..:..I,Ijl
L V.""~;

J'::':'-"; J -c;
.

-!jYl V ?~
v! J';-IJ~ ~

uJ~'J;I.)! (7 L ,.JJJJI
t,;1(- ~Ii
JJi; J~/..:..~'-'!} 2.... L cJ'.Po

54

r!i

4
~...f .I~ Hljl.tl i.J J c)1_v! JI
,_II L1'v
Lj 25 -: tf "'VI -v.!'.1JtJ,14- ji ,-I.)! I),~IJ .1,11),;1'
J c)1(})
.::.-j I.)! c)1,/I).I? I.)! '-AL .J.uJ1~r ,-/1'J"t., 1)0' 22.1,1

c)1-,.I ,f; l' 6 ~.l1


~ .1,1
i;_ L1' "'J

J'. (? ,:fi '1,_I .:;)j..I


.:JIv ",:,'j v:f? ,.I 8Jji '- J'.

r: 'V-I)';I

I.)! j I.)! ~

1)0' ,,/-IJI.I,I Lj ~ v~L c)1'(/ v' 'i;_ L~ J}] I) L,r~


lSj' -,.I 1)0' ~~.I" Lj vJ L 1)1;J ~JlY (2)-,.1
,r 6
+.1 (,1'- JtJ,I.I)f?d.)l~
Jj ~ .1,1
Lj" L.I.If? d.)1
.1,11)0'Lj . L e~ J ..Afl-,.I 1)0' .1,1
Lj e.I~ L e~ J~
J 1)].11I.)! (? L c)1_v! 1)0' v?;; .1,1
Lj V:!,L e~ J.Af'1,
.::.-~J'. j s:r cc: ! ~~ejl.tl'- v'(3)4 g ...f I),.I~ i.J
~ ",:,'j ~ (j .1l.--L vI .J'.-:....;/ ,:, '(j.l (?z i.J J 1)].11.1,1
JI .lJ1JlIf ',,;,,~L vII.)! ~ L v' ] L1' lSJ~'- '::'-.11
,j'e~J~
8J~ L VI...;J1j~ 'I) L! 1/.1)'-j}, .I,I! d' JI~! J! f c)1.t1;
'i-'.I JiJ ~'J lSJ~'- Jj J 1)1;J ~/ L.I)f? d.)~ He 2j y'.I}(4)-L,r.l)'- oJt) ';'.lI,,/.! (t Po L vI J/.! ,-I J
tf /.! 2-./) I.)! 1),.I'yy.f ";"~L v'] J lSJ~LI)';I ~ '"'J J'. j L1' L)v~,fy.f (I;,J? ..LYl~)'- oJt) ';,.I'J.1,1J
JiJ t..L'- J/.!J'i-'.I JiJ ~ _tJ. ",:,UP(tt~~j _;."f cf. _;. ,.I J,r
~ L (t ,PI, .L YlP :.:J" J!Jr. JlIf L vI .1l.--L vI _tJ. ;;;
",:,UU r j lltJ, L1' lSJ~'- vI
,fj ~ '::'-.11
J~,.t1,f JI
tf f I),)J;!.I L vI ~ I.)! i... c)~l.--rL),(tJ.1,1;;;~yJ.I.I~v~-~
L Jj '-t' c)jl;~) ~ I.)! L~jL e~ J .Af"J(S)..L JIl ,/.!
~jr !JI(~ fe~J~4 t!~lSJ'...f /. Jl.--,fj'Ji ~ e0
L ";-,.1JiJ J'-{y- '/v .I,' ~ f
I/-L '~J~~I.I

J!

'1

v'}

55

~tJP" ~JJ v;

I)~I ":"JI,y-,_;;- ~
JJ '.,:..!J;Ip.'.It)
I)jp. ~I7.

'-.lin /

c..;

V~ A P. elJ,f -V~.J/

-fi i V",b1 ~

v.:,

.JJI~, / L n!)

'-J.J!it

~;i nJ J1

-v.:J uV'.J!i: -fi .JJI'i-J.J .J!it

vI ~

,f ell(6)_LJ1.J~ )J1L.J!i:~;-~ ~I

'JIJ..:.-l'~

-fi 'JIJ-fi..:.-l

-'f- ~.J):! c/_..JI Jifv! '-.J~ L,V' .JJIJ"? L.,:..~


l;tClI,;d- elt p. ~ .:) JJ J"? J V' L,j el~l-r fi ~tJP"

-fi fi v! .fi 'I,:,/- Jp.,f


fi ~ 'I JJ1 v...::,.t'g -fi'~
L .JJJP';-,
I

U'~'

~~

,-1'~ ~'~
ti.J v! J_y t.f.JJI '-:d~

'-'y'.JJI

/ L el~ ~

1,J (;~; tlr. el~~

':)JJ el~) .JJI.J~JI

,/,J ~,j ,J J'? JI ;;

V IJI~LA J ~I L -fi

v- .:)I~ y fi .JJIL L.J; ~


(1)n,(,/..::,.t'JY

..;..,}.JJILtv I.:;,,!.J LJ1;


.JJIu~

L un

.,:..~yIJ}

J"? ~L ..::.-~
v! ..;..,yf

-v!' J/ JJ. Vl"" .JJf?-J 'J#J '",,;.(~ I(Li el'


el' .e: L/ JJ. .sv ..:.-lJ! v.:,"' u~y> L oh: I)J~
'uJ.JI";

4-", J) J (t ~-~ A~'~


J/~.J!

;)~

el'

~~J.Ju" V

I~I", (II .JJI..:.v-~.J


~ _Ii.. ?-.J ,_;~

J,[~ ~i.I)J~

.,:..IAJ

,f .,:..~Ijl ~

tll'i:F di.J ~ el' ~

,:,I,;.~'-~

.,:..~Ij I

v.:,~ ~J,J if.'~ L/ V ~ I)J.JJ

-fi V:' J: :,:.f v! LL; L ,JJAJI~,

o.JV,J,JJAJI01-1
J ~,j ~ L 1'" ..::. --1/

J JL L u,! II).J~L
u';f)'
.I):! c/...-JI 1);"(8)_V~ ";I,;.f v! Uy;f,"
~.J!itp. hI} f L C)1.,tlV ""~

_(~rL

~ ~,_;},J.,:..~ ~ JI

ji L~ ~)'

(f II ,.JJAJIj;?

)'

uk'Y

,f C)fP. L vI

,.}J.Jf

~..;..,}I",:"y-f

~t v! LL; L

J:? ~

f I vI 'f- J~I)J 1'" 'i-J.J

If ~~~(J "'u,!II

OJ

.JJI IJ1l;t~I

-u!

56

?V- oe )JI";Y...;f:I
S(

" y. ~)I

f t.jl;;~

U'~ V- tJ;!J )JI tJYlf'/


u/ JJ i;.. eJ~j,;fJ L ~~ J~ )JI J~ _u1 C~if

L l))JJ )JI 4tj S;L) L/ VI i;.. f J#J L t.jl


Ju/ttJ J)j
~ / tJilP! )JI I)JJ L '-r"; ',J JYl f)JI OJ1j~.I,J J#J ~ ~
if '::-JlP'JIP! L t.jl V- ,;Lj L ,..J.v)IJ'I _i;.. Lf tJ, J:!.JOJ~j~

v?

f ,..J.v)I,f L:) L
V.l ~ ~ ~

eJ ~

I)~

if ~JlP' .s: a. ,;JJIr- l!;-J) JiJ,J f tJ~

i;.. LJ tJ, -" YlLLI eJJ;l!;-J.I_;JI Y wfi .I!h eJJ;

(9)_u1 v~L t.jl JL (OJ~j~


~)

.lJlwfi)~S

((1-1

,J J1.1 JYl .J.-? Jli~

L.::..;:? JL~I LJljl L

t.jl;;~

JJJ iLl
U'~

oh-- yi J'J; V'J' "'


J1J t.!- JU;J L t.jl .lJ1

L(t.jl t.!- ,;' L I)~~

u:

,J t.jl .lJI t.jV 2_ V' ',J J1) JYl


)~,J Lf ~ /.::)',p JL,J J"? .lJIV' I)J)IJ;L.I ';-, L.::-~

; .111.1 V"; -f'I LI)y(I 2... L~

vI

LIJ)/"?J JIJ L t.jl

f J"?Lt.jl~JyLJ.uJ'-Jf ~~~.I ~J?~JyLv' ~J~.,J) {Jj f J{ L.lJi> t,;/.}I uj'~lie 'i;.. 2;-.1 a.

?J~

.lJ~

_LYl )/" #J
-"YlLl!;-J).I!h v~

L JIj I J.j _::)p

L t.jl )JI..J.v)IY

-"YlLl!;-J).I!h .r J

,.f -G~
~t.juJ..

J jl;l'
J jlj /

(lO)IYlL
l!;-J.I.I!h-f'I
IyJ).I!h

v~JiJ;1 jJ wfi f J{ L

~)!h {

y. LYl

e~J~V- i!..j .lJI-f'I

)/" #J L t.j() I L t.jl.t~ U'~~~~

vI

)JI ~J

e~ if ..J '.lJi>I:/....JI.r.?
JU;J JIJ L L/ 0' _i;.....f -"YlL.I!i; -f'I
L ,..J.v)1J'I ull, ~ Yo z:.)/, L
1 ';-, L e~ if ..1(1.lJI

J"? 'v

57

(11)+.1

,j:'? J ~.JI L VI

'eJI.t1VO'~ f tf-

cC !~~
.;I.tl '""

VI

JeJI ,..,.,2'( vI .JJIZ. J'!1i { j..1S 1.1'.1;' J"II L ~


;;v~L ;;f vI L,r L,r L ';:)JJ vI ~ c! ,r V {I.)KJ .JJI
-d''-J(p.~ ';~ .I); '.~ OJ~ 'I.)J.JI"; =/ ~ vI .JJI~ If.! / L r
I.)Yllf'

.JJI~

J yJ ~J

V 'i-J.J I.)A

eJ~j

{ oj~

t;' .JJIi:... z.):..J/ J: ~Ii v .JJI~!i '0.1 IJ

-.ti .JJIoj~).;

-e: L.J Ij' J: ~J'J

'ojV /

_i;_Lf

J;tJ J1j .JJIe.J'(~ Jlil


.JJIi:... Lf

Yo ~

f /1# 4'-.fI L

..J/ J: 1.),.,.'(~

(lSi .JJIJpL vI

~ .:i)J OJ~jt;' Yo '~ o.tL~ Jlil '""

-~ J't: J~ .JJI~.AJ S d'J


r!.tj S dL I.)'y -?'} J ~~ J: ~JJI J.JJ{ S J~.I L eJI.t1V()i~
s. L! ,r 4 ()i eJI J!J L.> J ~IJ~ SeJI i.. vI ',J JYl J: eJ~.JJ
_i:... LYlj ~ ~ ='"" ~JJ'" J .JJI~ f L ~ .JJI..:.v-'~.J
o~ .JJI/.J} If.!, J? S ~eJV .JJIJ.tj S Jl,;1 J (1.11'""0' '...v.'
I~ OJ.J 1 ~?- J: eJ' lilt! '""/ JI...v.I.JJ'..;:;! S1.)').11,J W t:
J J'{yl I.)~J'" ~ '"" 1.)').111.)11'.1 ,.JJ)I~'!lie ',J W./
J ('( ~

0 .1

v! I.)i/. L eJI Y -?'} ...vi .JJI.JJL!.:A '~ J LJ!..J}


cI....JI~ _i;_ J~ OJ f T- C! u_i:....J~ '( J'{yl J!,.JJ)I~1(12)
1.)"';1_i;_ 2Zfi~ '"" j f .::A OJ f" ~ .I; vI '""1.)').11/.J.J:?
Jj j1f -v? ~.J r} J.111.)# J: if." ~v
.2j ~-.fI L
O~J~_i;_ Lf JJ v!~ ~ SeJI /I.)b .JJII.)?r; ~I v! ~JJ L 'i-J.J
JIJ J: j J.JIl)'.::A LJJf '-J ~JJ / 1.)').11~.J'-'!} (jJJ, L
L eJI(l3)_~ eJLl,;'( J't: S~jJJ, L J .JJIJiv! ~I} SL,r
_i;_ '""

58

v! .:;.,JJI J J.t1 V .I., ";.Jl,.v L u'i.J1 ~Ai J"

-v! ~.:;.,liW

:/~t ~

(l4)-J.t1~ ~

~~I(

15J v! LLj
,j.. ~JI_;'}.!15u'i.J1

u.v JJ.:;.,~ -: fl)


~ JUJ'Jf L e~J~f ~J~ VI L f <.;; U~ S.JJt,>d_..J~
e~J~Yo 'V J7 ~ vl'~ --! v! j ~,f f ~
fA? ~ 'i-' J.t1
,,_II .JJI1.t1j,';v y v!~

L,f. -P flp/ v! ('j' L U.JI}I ): f f

ef

{.I-I.t1.J?

I(

U~.JJI-P 15~I
(l5)-~f LIp

'r!

15

): 'J~ 4- '~
v! vI J.t12 ",Jif. v! JpL vI
.J
L ,.}.uJ1~i -I) L.t1 .JJI Iy L~u.JJI( J 'JtJ,71

,y

v.!

:'T-1tzI v!ttf- ~j" L f.::..!' ~v L (;,I{ (Y -~ JL"";) tS~ J"J (;,!7 ~

~ r tSu/} ~

JJJ .JJI"~.J

i.. vI

2..;.J

~~

J!

!'"
t

15; ~ S; ~r' jJ A .JJI~ J('t,1 J' 4- J~


UJ~15J' jJ
15,/ if. 'c.::/..J";) tS u#(j..u
tI tf ~ jJ .:;.,..jj eJ~jv! Ji' 't.t1J;;f ~l) ~ vI .t1

'~1.J ~'"

~~j

(16)ttl)

v! z_ .:;.,I.J~J '.;1

Ij

L ,.}.uJI j;? J- ~t

...-"IV

'i-'.JJt,> d...J1uj~

Lif ':;".J~j tSe~J~f VIJ(JI(,/ ...(1,.}.uJIj;?~J...(I .?-.J ~


"iliil _~ ~ ~ (I( ,j'J) Lf!)f
..fi ~I .JJILtl ~v 'i-'
.JJI!J ~I 'I) ~ U~.JJI(- J /.

>.
Yo P..J f V'J(J~ .JJIgi)"JI e~J~

v!Po ~I L ,.}.uJIj;?~fiJJ~I f~ f ,j!j1J.'i-'.JJ' ~ do


_1/.t1~~ ..,1 b8J fll~Lf ..:A~.JJL e~J~.JJI~ J ~f L~

~y.;,j~e~J~_~i~ ";;IJ;'1 ...(1~(' "I


_1// ,/ 8J f~,f ~ e~J~.JJIJ~~ ~_/'i-' f~ ~I
~I -k"f ~v L U.J'Y' tSe~J~.JJI~ ~ J ,/ 8J ~ Jliil~J ....fi

L ,.}.uJIj;?_.

59

"V' 'f-JYoyt j vi' -= su. '~J~f ~


v.!Ji j v:' 'f-tf ~ 1"'J)~~...e ~ ,f.J? \''f- utf r

L,I~.JJc.!?1v .JJI..JJAlI.,V-"

(17)-k'.f

,jj.1(..:..~VI L

'~J~

_~.Ji

..:--(.
v! ..:)Iv ~ -~..:--(.
~ J) v! iLJ L .J~ c!..Al~
.JIb ,""j v! ('jl L J: ~1uj.J1 J"1 ,f J -v V.J"J ,""j 1Uy
v! ull...f' 'c.I JJ1...v!~!/ Yol v'}~ ..:..I.J...f'-v I~ v!
(18)-V:/...f

C '-.JL L v~.JJIo./u u~'v l.sf .v.


(5)

c~ ~ v.! v "JY.". J '(.;JP,f~.J


\)J.JI';

'u#'u;t

1J,r

~.-'
J..,i Yo'- J,
'u-rJJjlj ~Jljl L vI .JJI~I""I; O'~ -=,.t.'~

-~ c~~ V Lil 4-" uiJ~lie '1j,r v "Ur.J .JJI u-r?


iiJ ._;;
v! UJ~,f ..JJAlI~i '';-J.J iiJ v~ I v! UJ~,f ..JJAlIvI
J,r..JJAlI ~i -LJ1"";/ ';-J.J iiJ v:- v! UJ~,f J IjJ .JJI ';-J.J

,;It ..JJAlI/-' ~I;(19)_~ UV ';-J.J iiJ v:'~"UJ.J I'; L..:..:,..t .JJI


V...f ';-J.J j.sf.JJI!'" ';-J.J iiJ ,.JI)I v.!' Lv r j f!" ":".JI;..~ '13 AL ';-J.J.J!h

v~ v Jlj

I( ..JJAlI~i(20)-1":,,j~I

.2.. ~J.f ....;_)./.1utJr- .JJIz....f Jv! {;,j.~z...~.;: .JJI..:..~Ij I


'--J.J j.sfJJ./ O'~ ..:..Ljl} .JJI.::J /y
-; j LJ1 '~JL.J~
."..Al' \.1,
. t';~
....,..
y

.,.

'l:)!Y" ,./i.J); 'ub~

(j (j v! LLj L .J~ c!..JI~

LJ1

f.r.fL., vI(, (/
,r V ,.;I7 .v.r.,.zV I.Jv"..:.. JJI' ..:..'!LI I.JJI ..:.."".;
I-

j.sf

...f'f ..JJ..,i ~ ~

I.).JIJI':II

I' ~'.t'

Ij

_p. 13,.;~L~~.J j.sf ...f'.::) j Ij I(~I 1/


(21)-1,fv

J""J ~ ifuj '-~.J

';-J.J iiJ ~

.J~I L ..:v-~.J'":"!" L JJ~j,f ..:..~I}I


J OJ~' 1
J,L if.~C,r .JL;.I I(u,.J! L L ~J Li.JJI z....f

60

I!)!;
/-

v. J~;.J~

L "":<} J/-' v. ~}~ -v.!JJI/ {.J}1 J~


t?-I..--j (Ii JJ~;
vi L do s: Ji u...J) ~ _IJ Jj r l:J~j

v~L:!' ~

,;,j s: (,f

~Jfl..--j.li Yo

v?
l:J}i P. -.fI v. if.

s: Ji u...J)

O/JJ j

f YI r} v~ L if. ..:}JJ'L~ YI; 1I~~


4:)}t; 'J~'...JL.-i'v.~}~~, -.fI YI.J'~ r .:,.~.!r(Ii Yo .JJIL~
/,~ Jf I~)~
~I .:,.j jL;f -::.JJIjYl v:! Jf JIJJ.JJ'
_'YI .21..-- L l:J'~1;I)'~ L JlJJJ' ;; "- ''r ~ hL
.:,.~yYo IJ f u/i l:J'( rv' j JYI
JJlJJJI~ 2.... v'
YI-Y /

u' 'YI

r~
v:! ;, J/r v' "'(",~ ~

J.;:;,.
Yo s: ;t~
?loAf" J e~ if ~'J~ 2....
J:!.J.JJ' Vl"-

" : f.JJ? ~,

.21..-- L/

JlfJ~j 'r ~ ~

..;~~

fA;' r.:,.j ~I':::;'J

cI' 4:)~; J-"

C..:}JJ.JJ L? ~~
v'.(~ Yo.i:...;f YlI)' r" ~~ -::(22)tt'r.J
eJ~

L~.IJ

-tJYI'r.J

(6)

V'J' .J,J r' v. J'J; L l:Jf~1;I)'~ ~ L .:,.1Ju~~


.~, .JJ'!...~'.::/'
f 1jYl J"'} -::JJj L l:J'~1;1)'~.Ii,..f,[
ti.J.J~ I
.:,.~y J( .Ii Iu~ Ll ,;-' 2.... L J? JJ"'} V'
''r

~J

eJ

clu- V' .JJ'! J./.J,;J 14:)'_~1,;O'~ ~ dJ'e~J~.Ii v! i;.. vI

_~

,.y'

-.JJ':::;'u,IU;Tlz .JJI

'/o./.'.!ct.JJ~u, v.ov

LlJ.JIJ'

J{~,~, v.l:Jt:--~

v~~,v.

V'_IJ 1/YI J''' i".J J;' 11'4- ~ Po L ..J.uJ'


V' _IJ C.tf ~u, r .:.ell Jv' Jj r l:J'~1; I)'~ .Ii 2.... L

JlJJ!'

,f~2..... .

L.! ~1~ L~ ~'~ UJ.J'J-!:' eJ f tr' IJ{L J" ':".J~


e~J~.JJI~'} .Ii 2.... v' 'LV~ .:;;1.::;_'~J .:,.~y .I;' J. Yo .JJ'
~J

61

V::'.n' V'.~ ~ J{'..:iJJ L ~'! L


V' UJ~ f J.f~ OJ;V. J? L,f,! L L% J ~JLtv.1
.I,f. ~~.I" ~ b:JPU,dLil 1":;l:.~.I.LJIJ7.J.lIV. L JI, .::....I~
vl,..7' r0.1y d'~t.l,I ~ y~I ~, ~. e: 4fl1/'1.1.1'"
j:;-..itJV L~.
c.P
f ~-'r Ur I.::;.e'~
L c..Iyl j, I"
I,j..:L ..,.1'
,~j ,:,.I"!J)f:~?'~ _;j !~~
,=-J~~Y'J~

'-eJ~..I.'..I.

.J~. ~

H~

~~'71L

-'--~

cJl.lJf.JL;,'!v!j~

..L ~b--' -: L JIJl 1;,"1;


rfr:#Y".!dr.J' L cJ'AP~-1
--'!J!

__;ty t'.lJ'~?,.,frcJt k U'Jj' L cJ!j;J; IJJ: -2

-~f /~ul\-fiL if.~

J'J,J u;t J.I.iv;!, L 4:)1-3

-~J~f.:A.J~JJL..r-u~~fjl.l"fJ..;
-4
-b~lJ/ ul1~ u!; IJ{')t; cft.f'!-5
154.1 ,.1919;:.Jf

r'" ,.;-.,~C :V

Lfy
lr({' f-l

3S6 '" H~~_2


45 - 43 - 37 - '" - (.lltt,.; H~'_3

,.1896

?I- J,',.; -.JJ'

~'j:.JJi"~'

J'.f

12,11,8,7 '"

289'" : .IJi" cl..J' JLf' -4


256-2534.1 -(.Jltt,.;:vir

-r
r

({'f

-5

544.1 JJ";:.IJi" cl..J' JLf'{'


2894.1- JJ";:.IJi"~' JLf'-7
5 - 4.1- JJ' ";:.IJi"~' JLf' -8

62

219&.1- (.I"'t~: vI; (f'


203

-9

&.I H~'-10

132c.I:

H~'

2&.1-(J)~:VI;(f'r
m-370&.l-(.I"'t~:r)I;(f'r

-11

-12

-13

H~'
&.I : H~'
(f' r
vI; t,r

361 &.I :

-14

362

-15

2 &.I (Y' ~: L)I;

159c.I- (J)~:

415-254c.1-(.I"'t~:IJVrt,!-

-16
-17

-18

t'!- -19,
103&.1-JJ'~:.I~~'JV-W
'
314&.I H~'-21

156-155"- (Y' ~: vI;

161&.1- (JJ ~:.lJ?

cI.)' JU-24

63

t:I'! J.tt v! .JJJ J'...c:'L


"L)'j"L)') v! t:I'-k"1 Ai",

>- e.Nt ,.'...c:'J

..:-Ly)

r/ Ii' J! v!'~;

LS)~)Jdo
LSjr I..:-Ly)

))J

"V ",:,,'l))' ~ )~; {"j( ct J!.tt )i' v~"";J,.P


If'; J 'r 1.1'; J V!)~)Jf-' j)1 +) ri r/ lif
)~)J

)~)J

1 J~J! v!.Nt LSjr I..:-Ly) J(' 1.1'


..:-Ly)

))f ~

J~

''t:I~j

. -v

1 J~~ f! (..:-Ly) LSAvJ'v!)~)J

(V t:lf _Ii L!

I~ Je~J~ s -:eJ rJ ~).f(( -:I Yo v!~,fi L ",:"fl ))f


fri v! viJL vH ~ Jvf))f L!~(~~f) &f v!,-}~

'!J.tt

;>

-L!LSJ
JL ) o~J e~J~ ~)i v! .Nt LSjr

J""' ~

:tit ))f t:lj) J-? 'J.tt '..::W-l

L uL Jt. v~v-?Ij ...fI

'j)) ;

)~)J

'd_Jr! ')~)J Oi~ JYo)~L

vf ~

J~b.)

Oi~f 2.L! .". {Ar

JY Jv-v.:' ~ v;~,;-f .1)' k"~ ~ ~, L e~J~))f f.tt'"

2._

~, u~ '.tt/Iv v! ,I~,IJL e~ ,IJl.! Yo rJ vk-' !;(.? -P Y JJ -J"


1)/ i _:,
frJ J~ ( 1.1' v! '-)~L if. J v! (~,~ ))'),/
(1)_,....

y~L LJ1 _:,~/

("- .I~,IJ..:rJ~,I.tt ~

if~ /

J1.1'

cC!~I ~

eJ

f!

("- l:J'b ))' i:... LJ1'"

_:,))I,....

cC!k"J~I

Jv _,i v!

v.! JG' 1.1' .:)Iv JL Je~J~

))J

,I)f

1.1'

rJ ,~ t:I't)

v!(VIV,I~,IJ",I~jJ (Ii v! ,I)JLSjr 2._ li'

64

L ..:-."1 J,,/1; cJ'b _~ ,~ bt ~tJ-; J'J'JJ L cJ'..t1V~ ..:-,AI J


:f I.f1 a!v!~JI;.J , .I ,; .J!'/ v! '-A

J}L.lt.JlJ'fbtcJ?li~~~u~
L ..:-.1111.1'"
,;~..fi v..cf. ~ U~ L v".JJ' T ~b:;cJ~" J'/ L

:/ vnJ'

JiT Cf IJj v~.::i

v1lrI~'J.Ji'{Uf

{,-;J5v'

fl)"1J! LLj

"L.3""~'

(_ ttl.JJ',,~
~.JJt j We
. I"jUr J 'Jf _Lb:..r~,,~
u...,.
v! v' .JJ'~ b: r ~'-= _I) ~ u! ..;~.iL .J:'..1v~u,J ..fi'r'..I
L. ~~...L~
J'fJ!IJ.f LJf-,-2:;:f LLfL~)tI;p.:
'-,/:$ L ( J?' tS> .:,..< d.(3)_1# k'~'::::; w," d'..t~-{I-~ ,.:1:;. ~,
y...

..

(4\)..Ji

1/1/':17''' ..:J.k'Po

2...'cJ' i;_ zs Ud} v! .J~J.~it


v; L ,;'J.JJL U.JS ,yl f..a'.~~;1 " ui..t''''_ tt,t ft~ L
iLr ...f (~d'bt5.1~.IJ~i;_Lfi;~...f
.J~.IJ.I;t~L)V'''''
~ cJ'V ~ r~t.lJ.;.i1f ~" ?- L
jl-.fi tf Ti uk
~/,yl "',; utJ-; L UJJ'?~~
..:-;~I JLf v! J~...f

.I~.u.ff~ l).J!/

J'-!
cf I'

(5)_~Cf

r ..:-tL7,~ ./ . ...,_~ .;'J.JJ r ,1./ J~J~ L V. 'I; cJ'iJ


..
tJf J'J v! ,,/IV (;)liJ.JJIr;2... L d) u!
J!J' Po ~ tu
JV -L~If T"l '.J~ ft v~L IJ{ JV fJJ O.li'2... L V' tf~
JL"JIJ,;l ). )i.JJIi;_ ?-.J ,-.:I' 2... u~ JlI (JJi v~L IJ{
_i;_ ~J J~Ji~f J'jv! L L vI u~ .J'J ,-1'; ~ j Cf J>I
I~
IJ./
,...

.\.If

,,\.I

.I~.IJ

~"~(tJ..- C" I.J~ ; ..fi J Lv If T"l v~ L '-J{


t~If (tJ..- ';~J'"-i/,:i ILIJ Li v! A.JJf Jf ,-.:I' {V'?-;

ft,( T"l

-lv! ..:-j_~1 J L~ L

,0z JI':;;'J L~ v~L '-J{ _~ C~

65

Y --?'}:It '(;tJ,V-..JY" L '-J{ 'L

SLtJ I[- ",:",Ill U!l~lJlYi~

..d _L

J u,x fif
?1_?1P '::;;'J;;JIj lJI
~L~

r ~~

&~U~ ,tJl[-",:",Il'",:",Il~tJ," ~ (:;zlCl~ lJI ~ (:;zlcf

(6t~J.V &~J~
&~(~'~J.V

Ly. ~I
_~ til

L vI; ~Ib Ul~lJPo L vI

uk _p.~ {,-;~

",:",Il~If~u~,J

CtJJ--?i ~~

&~J~

&'((J.V~/JJ~Iv..vl;~I!J-LL~tlCI

S",:",Ill LIJ Li

;; ..d

If uk

L LYi ttJI[(7)

,-;f elY ~

O'~ v.. cf

L VI; ~Ib
'-~ lJILIJ S;; JJl ~~ A \,;y OILO';-v L vI _L Lf~l
"s.e: L(J ;Il .1.'.1.
JJL:;lJI..d J uk _L Lf~l ,-;f LIJ
-=-'l!; ',-;/'~I

...r S~I i LtJ..JJ..Jv..A1J&~J~


~ ttYiJI
'f-ll.i

J.~'JLi;c!J

'~LfSVYl iAlftt(-)f

VY'l iAlIYill.i

> (0" -C(J;Il..d

J~JtlrU~v. {~ {.::J L &~J~8>ttJl


J~ VI; (-d; lJI uP; S fyf lJI UJJI)V(9)-;;:' L~J~lJf

C~ ~

l~lJ

V- ffk.f(lO>_LLf ~ jfl
''-JI) V- _J Uji

J f Yiti....;fV'}

,fl',j JflYi,f-

V-1U;;~~U;JJLd

fyl'-/JJ(ll)-J

V- ",:",IlL l~lJ_L Lf~l

,-;f

~.t~

V- ..;;r L d -~

S~

-=-;~I

v..l~lJ10"

,:l..:..fY -:ill? Jf~


;-~ lJI L~/ ~ J".I;

~~ ~ &~J~
.::.v-Il&1.1.
Li.,; J/-=-;~I~ ''f-l J".I;

Y f~

y.L 4-) &J L (? lJI Jlli. L U!A1JIf V- lJJji


/ f I';{ j~ I~S;-~~Y.l51~lJ V- J 11_L v!.m Jlk.I.
fYi ~lPo.JoC lJI C~I~If

I';{t,;J!; 1;-~~.JoC v! (? -~C~

r d J:'

(12)...

66

'u/,~ .J);/e";J~ f J4f -: (.I

~.J);

f {JLJ.J ~ ~i

ifl,J,/

tf

~.J);

c~V'~
.:::; ,J.'.t1 ,:.1(e";J~J? 0"s:~j;,

2... L .J);(13)_1).t.,;:)_; ./ d'~{VI

I)!.J~.JJ1U'" .JJIfyl 'uJJI)'~

JP{.::..~
~.J~vi'

A c)

="'yJ.J
~.j;I ,J.J);,Jfyl .JJI'-JI)

(14)_.t11(
e";J~~
~

2... L Ut>~.JJ

~~,J.;:;! '""~

~JJ~'""~-l
,1'1) U.J~

JJ";y

e";J~.JJI
~

e";J~

'J.~ "",,;-:.s: L./~J


"" 1I1J vlJ L~~ ,1' J (.I -: -J J.t1

.JJIe.Jk"'.::..l,-,'~

.liP L e";J~) ~ ~
;7 ~u1) 'e";J~,.f f.'C J) If- "=,,Il {.I} Lfg .JLJI.JJICiI)!
A { ;':1' vI J)IJ L~~ -~ a.4 ~/ .JJI~ {/ L U~I

rr ./ e'( _'Ji
-:':";L",JL./..:.v"i;/. .J~.JJ(l~/_1)C~.t1!:)" >. e.J}-~,

./ ~U~L
LI .JJI~.J);

y
e";J~,1'"

,JLL ~
y

-I) CvII: _'l

.JJI

,...

LL,J~

(16)_1)C()I d'~

2... L ~Ij,J

.JJI.::..~,J,f UL.?-I) C)I.t1.J~.JJ


'"" e~

Lji

(X

(?

-v! j~1(: Jh) L':::; ;..-'.Ji '"" .::..'.JijUJj( U~;~


-'7- jf,~

'::".JAj I)~,Jv' L ~

,-;J'/.v. L .:::;
) L J: .I'" Y ~Ij

.t1

'~ " .:::; e";J~"

~ L),!/. A 'OJ .I); ,J!/.)' .t1,-)f L u'.JJJ ,.1. ~ tl.

';-,d'",

L/ 0"

-J!

Ub~
)J' ,,=,,'
L ..::J> .t;-JJ 1))"- 1).1,,-1~ L O";J~4.lJ '.J.>);

~ --1/ ,;-' ,;-'

L utJ~

.1-"

,,=,,' '!.lJ.J); 'V'!/.'2.... .t;-JJ).t1.t1 ,-)f L ~ ~J ~ d'~


(17tV.t1

0'.1 J~";J~ ~ L )p'

[;v....~(&~
,

uk-- L J{~~'..:...-:!' .JJ' L5JJ;.../ .


,J)~)J L J ,JJl,-JJL nl 1))/ u~-L5J"-' Lf( 4f.(l,- if
(J? OJ~ L~ ~J ~ Yo ~ ~~ ,Jol?J~",:-,'-L5Jrd..:f;J ~l?

67

,,:,,'
Llf L .::.!A'Yo ~/-i 'L LJ'l.J ~ ~ UJ;( 2: Llf L UJ;(
,,:,,1 Llf L vir L u,?~ .1L! 4-J J". v...J}. ~ ~ ,J.J

v! Vl.J J'lA''' ~z..A' ~~tf

JIJj -~z.vir

rUPJI ~UJj,f

:J.'f- "" v! ~.J~ L(~e" L ,IJLJ,",v 0-'Ij ~


J J:; r (' !'
v! 1:)1V! ~ ?- L (~.J~.JJuk L v!"
JLil 'I:)Lv J jV

.JJI~

r o.JIJt
J!" I:)I.JJJL,J-? L

(~.J~.JJYo Llf L uJ.Jlu ~ oj


~ r:

-f'IIV

L;.J

v.! (~I

.JJIo.J~.JJ'e"J~

.Jljf. ~

V! ~J.:y

;_".v! u_';~L l:l-V! is Ji Jljl vr!- v! uJ.% ~


J!IJ ..;IJlji jj ~v L e"J~eJIl:l- V1LJ'l ~~j L".

Lvr J!~

(18)"V!

-V'Jp r.::.Ly.J ":,,Il L .J~.JJ ,'...c:' L J{ ~I ~I


tf e"J~-L)IJI 1":,,Il1:)1 i LJ'l}'IP v! .J~.JJIf-~ .JI~.J' L v,I
_J

.JI.tll uk--r 1:)144

,./-'L)

J~J~

.JJIz,f J;.J); v!.::/.JP

: lie OJ) (.;; oj.JJ"';jJVS.::.Ly.J J ":,,Il L .J~.JJ


L U';I Vp.;:

f""

" r e"J~~I
L .\/1; oJ;

J-'"~

Ju

eJ

L ~ 4;c.J'oJ) .Ir. j~ .J); 'oJ V.Ir. ..::.rJ :I J ~

r '''Jr' ~./ tf J7-; .JI'L! t"I v.! .'p..I' _kjj


fl/I/-!/Jy' -: ~~ e" .JJL.!v!ji'il 4-J J~ J;lPJI

,j2 ~ I;z~ ti v! .J~.JJ'J7-) .J/'Jt.~j.Jll v! ..;LjL Jt e"JI


.JJI.1r~ J 0'.1v! .J~.JJ
~I : f v!J; ~y JJL vI ~ ~ Li
.
VJ'l .Jk"= " ~L 1~y1:)1e"J~V- ,'...c:' L!I/? ~ ~J .J);.:;;...1
.::.~y-:1J7-) .JIL vI i if LIP! If. ~I L ULtf vI ~ ,j2
t~

( 41JJI I.JJ~?c[..J1

LS;~ I,)! (I:&:I vI

L ~~

j.Ju_~.I.J~I .:;;...~)

(19)_1/,J~ A L e"J~ JY .Ib; e"J~

68

L .J~.JJi ~r I)! .J~.JJ..:.,.,../' j.JtJ I)! 1'1826 ~ "j2


.J); J/L VI --?fi 415J 0.1 ~~ V:'J L .::J ,-I.JJI ,.fSJ....;
I)! ~IJr

(20)-V

J}L vI OJ V-v ~

Yo,-I'- ~~SO~J~~

o~

.r

L 1'1857 ~}' 15.Jr" .::.-L,....JJ ~Il L .J~.JJ


.::.-L,....J J ~Il L .J~.JJ~ -V ...:a? L Uy]j J~"Jv ~

'15~ I)!U,...~

t '-

S v:! ~

)Jv. -VJLi /.::.-~IJ) o..t- (i SUt.v L U"":I2... VI s: '_:';I

.::.-LI;:o

OJ ~

:'f-VL/ vll)!JJ.~opr VlL?


V v:! JI; i~~~.JJI,.;1; JIj L UJ.J',...J~"

./
., ,-J/#; J7-;.J/ J/";.JJI

V- d-I.)J

o~...i'I,.;'o~ .JJt,.;

.?' &' J/r ..;..;/.J/ J/. ~


Ii ~r...f ~If J1.JI,...
.JJI Ii C;I '- ,-J/" ,-jlJ.JJ L (~elliJ OJ iii cr I)!~
.JJI VI; ellb LJ1 L"JJJ,-J/),... ~ ~ _Ii LA J~
)V) {/

)JI 'f- CJ1",="",,,1:..-

v~rc1- v.! Lr

;;-'.?' L o~ I)!A.JJ i~ v:! tv If ~Ill)i~


-Vj' JJ1

...f LI;}.>
OJ

J.f1v:!

uy " u-v 'L.Iv:! olJ"Jv~


ttVv:! ~I L.? I~ L VI I)!15.JI Jf 15:Ji

L 15;(

Llf

15)~.JJ"
UJ)~)J

..11..-- L VI IJ1.JI; r ..:..t~J~ ~

L ur~)J~J#; .::.-I..il L el'

~Il

~r

L 1'1857

-J!J1 r If .::.-L,....J

~IJr

J~V- .J~.JJL #; LY Llj .JJI


el' L U.J..; ok-- )Y J~ J2 ~ J~I)! u.,Jf tt' L
v! .JIJI.:; S ,-}~ J~ .JJI ..:..t~J~ eleJI ,Jv Yo/ .::.-L,....J

UJ.A/.~
.JJIUJ.J'.;;!-j
J

U~ P!

.JJ' 'f-.J
)JI

-v.lf ~r

69

-1

Jacquemont, V.:Letters from India. Vol II, Karachi.


.
1979. P.2l.
-361.1fI966J:1/-~~ '.J~i :uIV.s1v.-2
-6621.1f1965.JJ'ftJ('J;i~ ,..,.:>:
V./ .::-tJ~: uIV.s' v.-3
-4

Orlich, L, Von.:Travels in India, Including Sind and


the Punjab, Vol. II, London 1845.
P.24.

J~~cr-> (~-5

22:1.1f1968J: 1/(..;:; JJ.J') -el} c:J Y.:

37-36:1.1f1955.JJ'ftJ:.J';cJ~IJ: o?Jd
209: 1.1f1960 J:I/(..;:; JJ.J1)
JJI,..,.:>_,)'J (:.JJ~I~
37-36:V}i

-6

oj".

(% _145 _1.1 _~J~ '.J~i


37-36:V:.J~ cJ~'J-7
39-38:I.!:jf

(./.-8

39 ;J :"~I -9
37V:.J;tcJ~J-lO
308:1.1;,)'

J(-11

71/. d!i:oJid!i

-12

309d:J'

Jt-13

371.1:.J'; cJ~'J
4Ov:}i

(X

210:V"~, -14
4O-39v:}i

(X-15

210V:,)'J(
40:1.1ji (X-16

70

41-40:

(,..?; JJ)

J~JJ

24346-45

JJ ~AIf L Jt ~~,~:l5;i J,I /J. -18


141:V fl967 ~If

d_..J1 JI{~!9
t.5J...;i ~1).J: ~ __$I-io

fl896?1_ JIIJJI~ Ij:

-v f1951 Ct/._-;,

135-134V 1960

V "~1-17

"J

4)r _J'LJf.t~

JJ:?

~ Pif~:U~.J

-21

---------

71

2... v' ~ U'J1 C)y,. (i' --f' r~ I.)! ~I?J~ (lSi ;;f r fY'
U~..::..~YU~;-=- eJ~; vi' 2... L .:.1.J!)/. 0.1'JGJJ;;f V' el?J~
J:~J "'~ .JJ'._;)t,; _;,'j '..::..~IIJ .IG'J';''-..J

~,

\.r/.~I.)! 1:1- ~

-vi' J.!'J1"::"~y
7.J .IPu,.JJ'~u,., ~eI?J~._f ~ f~.J .J'_,)-:I.)! b.JCr "Y'
J'./) ,=-' IfY' .JJ' ~ j,Ji-...:,j./ el'./ UJ.J'J'L.::,,;; LU_';'
L fY' j LJ1 '~.JIt; L 0.J/ I.)! '-.J'J' L ~I?J~ ~ ~ -1
~fp J} .J'~'fb:J;
~ leI?J~4-.JjLJj Jr..JJ'U}jvL;;f
..

'"

s:7 C;~v

~J

"'''

-~f

t'J.k -: -=- b.lC JC)y:1;f I.)! C)~J~


,:....z; L "Y' Po L 1.1' ~ -7.J .:.1L L el?J~fY'._f ;P~-=-/.~
f b:.Ir.J;~'I/. t) L C)'.JJ'.t..IoC'
f._f uk 'J~1P..::;u,,:....zt
IS..::..~v' .JJ' ~J(- I Vt'}ISA~' I.)! ;;f L "Y' L ")IJV' -~J
'J1,:,~u,., .JJ'..::,.!~jJI I.)! if.
.;.::J I '-J'?v' flS ~ I
e.tL~ Jt;;:, -=- J;~ J1j u LJ1 ~ .::J el?J~J'" ~ I.)! ,..j. L v'
f

J1

"I):

-:Jv' j ~ C~J1":,,,~r u./--f' ~ I.)! ... J.J'~' J,.y'


'j' 2... v' -'-JfJ~/. eY".J} Y Ify'...;JG- ~, s:jJ1 ~ I
L"'G- PoL J.,:,I;A Yo L.I~
J'J LJr .JJ'J!' JJ'i-~k.J~
J

r,:,--f' r
U

--f' "J1ttl} ,J....l... V'J LJ1

(tj;'

-=-1.1' LJ'? J~'

..JV;

72

J~~)yll)" 'CJ~ ISLJr Irill,;-'


)J' rr eJ!~
'{./' ,,~)J jlJ' ~if.if'~ IJ~~ )J'

.c

J'Z

~k~

(v L ):hJ .s

.P! L

!:)."t J.~ ok-- L


J

'1.5) \5J).)IZ'f) ~

,-/lr

)J'

~ ~'J-.f' JI} S1)"


t)J,;,l -:' ~i.I J'Z i)! Po L !- ,.;1; '(JeJ'! ~ ~ t)~' (-"
,.;~~S 1)" L,j' "j2 '~L / Lli I:LJ'Z LJ) L 1)" '~ ~,-!~
If.." L)I; )~'Jj Po,_,lf I:L 1)"(l)_~JJ Y~,~ I.5J)J~ )J' ,y
~ (J S t}~
/ JlI S 1)" )J' I/ifY ~'Po L ~~~S/.
t:! J'Z
jlJf ~ ~_";lr
v! ~11~ t)'(2)_I/~vrv!) .I 4>.4
:'f- rf

"j '~

r~~~

_JLL~)

JjJJi

>'S I)")J'

J"~~~UJ )'.t~? '-.Nf if' 'LJ J'~)';;'v! J-

s 1.5)-V' -: 2... L LA'~i_ )J' ...;rU:J~ JJ )J' LJ


J~' S e~J~)J' .I o~~)J' .),~j S e~J~eJ ..r J'Z ~l,.LI -: v!
2... L 1)" i 'f- J~~L)i)! e~J~ji Ll), e.t~ '){ '){ ~ L)t_)/

1)"

ji

'-J .J'L-- ~ 1)" i 'f- eJ'..JJ~ ~,

jJ'"-:--Y

eJ}i

,-.I J'~,,_i)!

,-.I 1;# ~, LJ~ / L)J)~ '" )? 2... L 1)" i 'f- ~) ~~ '"


L/ 1)'1)J' ,-.I r3 / L),I~ )JI L)J~IP!i 'f- ,j; ~L);,fI OJ ji )J'
L (~e~ llJe ,-.I J'~~~!/eJ~;~ eJ~;2... ,;-' LJJ j le~J~
0' )J' v!r3 ,,_i)! ~)~j Sf. -" 2... L 1)" L ..J.uJ' (l..:" ,;J
_~

t} .:JG' ,.;v! J'

,.; )JI ":;~j,.;

1)'1";)J 1),) 'pI ~I " ~

S ~j
(3)

(1)
L '::)JJ J" ~t)1 .:.d~ (il ~ ~ S ~ .Nf I.5ji
'7. / J~~)YI O~ S':;;'J 1)" v!~ ~ L ~j 1)'1_~ tJ

i_

~J.Af

73

eJtr.y'j

Sc.lL'Jet' .JJ' JIv';:".Iy1,j}j'rF' r.$ v! -C _Ii "J

~ .;:.,1IIvc.I' ;;f r

,.y, _~ _/t*--I

,-/lr '-.I{ L U?

z: V' -'Yi _/t*-- ~.I} V~


j~ Ji f f- P>!r. c.l1J.1...;) S.;:.,~
v'

"~ v! V' Yi,:,.&Ri Jlr U~ Vlr

S~

":)JJ ~ ,..";I.) j~t J

i:... /tf

eJ

~ 1.::/; c.lL.fJ-"~j f JJiv ';:".Iy1


-:v! ~ -""Ujf

Sl:) fli ,..";I.) Oi -(, r ?~~c.I" s: z.:~ 'J'


,.y, .IJ' d!j S~~~,&~J~f~1I~ jP -: r v' i.. v' L~~-rl/
R _i:... ~J ,-J", S;~/.~~,&J'i:...?-~ t~ ~ /s .I~.IJr.

~, ~.;:.,j

zb-.IjL l:) ~' ~ _i:... a.l [;,j J ~, r. i:... LYi.tt' &JL'J ?


'Lf'J' 1c.lbiLJ~.IJ';.1 J}"";p ~"Lf JylJ,_J Lf'( 1u')J~
r j..f ~ ~ &J Ii ~ R.tt' y. _.& &D ,j L u-"J R S(' V'
Ji~' _Ii Cf J~' I..:::;,u, Ji eJ v! ~~ylJ S~ '..u _Ii ~ ~ &j'~'
V' _Ii Cf,YiJ r...f Lf J 1u}L.f v! do i:... ~Iv .I~' L ('
Lf~ JylJ ~ ...f1-{, ~ u}L.f;-vL .IJ' (!JC;:, '-~.Ir L
Jiv ';:".Iy1
V' i:.. Lj ~,_i I:l...f LLI'v~ L c.I'f ...f uk i:..
L uJ~.Ir c.lI/.IJ' J!.7.' uif ~ Yic.I'tJ uj( L uj( ~ ~J S
_~?v!ufo.fj~uj(/r
J~(Jt
0'4 Su}v Jd' ,_i &,t" ",":::;'J1UJ.I'J'--"" if' L~

~ u}!.) f~t -"J'--"" -:'..u 'JJ~J.:A uJ;~ ~&"f JYi


v' Ii [;,'J.Ir"- r ?.I); .IJ' ';:";.1'i:..?-.1 u~/i.. LJ~ L ":)JJ
eJ i:... LYi ~j &J~j L &~J~Y. fY' &J_~ CYi,_i rr J/r
_?-J. L
Sv' v! ,:,Lj L &~.J 'i:... Lf J.I~ SuH f L J;.1 U.llP.
v' 'Jf J.I~f L.I); .IJ' ~ ~ uflfli .IrJ -: r I:)". JI,.;..1
(4)-J Jf ~..:)JJ.:ALv'~

..!

74

.;JL.L',f ('1: s: -:t'.Jj '-/ JJ L J~ L '::)JJ eJ~ L v'


'JIf L Jl-:::,yJ.J
~ Up.v .JJIUJ.?L L'; '" Lir Y f ,..:.! irv.j
.ItC -~ Lir V~ / '::)JJ J JL J J'.ilr ,f ,yl ":"~ -~ Lir V If.!
JL.L',f ,y' ":"~ OJ f" ~ -: r iJ';! .ItC J ~(; if cr:> '~'.JJ'-':
r)/ ~ ,;'7 U'~J~L ui'1I!uiJJ P! L JL/. t) _i;_ ~f
v' s: Jl Jk' iJ';! v. _i.I? v! ~i ,-J/J'~ .JJ'~1Ji
G- v!()' ~, c If/ U'}.JIcr:> JJJ ~ v!~~ U'~ L
tr.~JI,..-,,-.J~J u~J'}'Yl,..:.!';J~r;(i~P! L ~J~ ,f/..t.(S)-~
,f v' .~ .::.::'il ~(;":"Y"' ,r,.f jl;' .JJIU~ .Ii v! v' ~ r3 ,;'7
L ~~ O~ y.J' If.JJ~eJ ,f ~.J'~ o: V' J' -:::'yJ.J
J.Jd"V ~L
ejy. r J, e.JJ~',fu~.Ji J' J!I.J~ e: L L"~.;J. ,f ,.f j~
(V v' -~ ~!I.J~ fJ'; ~~.J'~ (j2 ~ UJ.JLL U..t~,L,,- d ~
(6)_y f~L U(; if cr:>.; ,;'7
JL .JJ'J'.ilr,f v' P! L L/ L/-, f" .JrJ -:'v!~ ~~~
'-R "e '~LI,..-(j2 e~J~ v! ,;Lj J'k.' -" Lir Y f J~ J.
~jJl( i.L,.j-'p L v' J~.JJ' ~ ~f
.JJ'J'~J ~!A'y.
v!'Yl.J '.ti' ~JI.i1r -: S~ ')'Yl.J~e~J~~ v! .JJJuii _~
,fJ'.i1r eJ '} i;_ LYl.JJ":::;U,,.j-'pL L'J L/ ;;:1)1 J' Jir Yl
,yl fiYl JI -: r !:i'j 1;)1 L ~ ?:-J Li If.! v! U' Jy.)J?
S,;17 L ~I ...It L Lf,jJ'; (~J;}f uV' .JJ'~!A'y. ''-R
,;(;J' L ,y' jp ~":"~f,Yl -:;. ~ r v' ~ _~ Yl..:.JIP
L '::)JJ e~{ ~~, .JJ'v! J~uJ c.C';"..:f / ,.j-'p .JJ'~jL.L
"I.. k"~!AJ.J~.J~
Y. " J' 1.:' ~ -: -v!' JIr.S ~L}v v! '-.J~
L U"":IJ)-- 0:. 4!.J ~j' ~, L f ~ / u(; JLV' L ~'.JJ'-t.ItC

r~

J.r

(7)-V.21,..- L uh L u(;,:.J~

75

S,.Yl .JI~ j 'I" e~A/-' t) ~ Po L d Se~ .A..:~


~ I(~ SJI~~8) ..~V ~ v! ,.Yl J:L? ~I .JJ' ""
~ u~Y
...f ~ f 1
~
':;'JyI Suk -~ oJ~ u: v! ur1J ScJI;--J~cJ)i
,.Yl 'T- J} --?'J 1-=--')
1./' ~i:.. L.I i".::)JJ~;jJ/ 1~b1~
v!bJC SJIIJJI(9)-i:..2!i.f'J)'~~JI~~ J '::)JJ~ tflJt I.f 'Jj S
JJI,f S~ JI~~ ScJI'~11)~...:I !,.Yl.R.1J1 J-~I.f.:."- ~I
~...f UIVJ (lSi v! ~1J S ~J~iJ~10)_~VJI}
J J-j ~I

.r/

L 1./' Po cJJJJJI ~ C" ~ JL I( LIJ L/


&IJ (J oJ,!
.
JL I(~~ ~_,d s:i:..:: ~ 1./' -=--,) -~ C~ 1J~ J'L.I 11: I~~
oJ~ J~--?Jo~ ~ e.Jfi -=--, 'I" J~ JIJ OJ 2....1./1_~JL I(J~
(1l)_t.lJJJ/.,. S,jr r ~I.,.., ~ 1./' j ~ J"
!,.Yl ...J) -f1: f / ~JIP ':;'JyI v! ~ .Nt oji IJJ

'v.:.1JylJ,/- -=--} ~ /.~ ~I OJ .rt! ~


"'/ ,.;.! ",UJJI~~S,.yl.JI~ ",-.IJJ J'i JJIJ); ':;';J.lI)I e..(G
cJIs e? ~V:>'4f'),'vt:f- -v!}.I;'.I]./ Jv.r JJr.' u/) JJI
~

J~.Nt

';-,

2....1./1 -J2.::.~ " ~ '::)JJe~ 6 ScJIPo L L/ 1 L" -=--?" L


: IJ1 ~ .:;,t~JJ~ v!!/':Jf
~ir' JI S..::.-SIP S1./' 'T- VIJIIL U";I '::)JJJJLr. f ~
JJI
J."J 'ill:! J~I I('::)JJ 2....1./1
t.l V .I J/ JJ ~I IJJ~
L,,", J~ J .:..lr"; JJI J~{ J I./~ 'ujlJ
Sek: OJ~~
. -V!~~~./.~L...J~ILcJlv!bJC
_~

+~

S if- /

~ --?J

S 6~ u)l.)

'.:;,V

.,.

1~t '::)JJ L U"':I...f_;;'(JJ

rt

Jj I~ ~I IJJi:..~ " J? v! Ufl':;'bHJ L


J L cJI
L u~ _it. ~fi~ L ':;'JIt' J ~~ LU"':I 2....L L~(t
t.ll.f~ S.:;i!tj 1./' ,~ ~ { ufl v! ~IJ '~ .:;,!i Iu~ 'tIt

p2....

76

I.)!;.- L ~IJV L tJI.t~ y.)

tJ~ ~I

'L z.):V

~orJ.J';.1"..10:1. 2.... L

.JY') (~I;f-'f.:;,~

~I '(y

LAp'...v .:;,ji '-t' .JJI(J1 Cf

IfL.)Jj~(LIJ I)~

L VI -'f-JJJG" ';.J)'!.IIV,2

J.J); eJ~

ctP ,f/.

I.)!.JJ.) ..;i J tJ,.J'J"':"._AJ...{

I.)! if.

t~.;1)1.

'.]G 'j~

-~

'-t' '(.J"t

Ly .:;,~~
',-? 2.... L Lb: JIJJ~ .JJIolJJI ~

-2' ,f .:;,JjI JI J;
.I

I.)!) /i f~f
L I)tIVtJIV/.:-1.JPIb L LI' I.)!..;LjL ~~
e~

1('6

>./i L LI'{~

'2.... L

OJ?}

Lf./,2 e~IV.JJI~ 'Ly

IfVI L ('6 'L~OJ:.jt,;)!j 2.... L~

sv! JJ1 ~

Y.:;,J.JII

L 1),)1 L 'f-.J

-:

y..J JI .JJI

VI

filii

V.n' Jt&:1rI)tIVtJIV

Y~o~J'!J-:.JJI

1Jj_",;t)

Lfl ~I

Ji I.)!,-/IP LI' y. .JI.J(r.:I Je. ~

--?'.JeJ 'f- Ci

L 1),)1 I.)! q LI'L (L,JI_,fJI.)! ..:.v-1.J ,fJ~i

-V'V ~ ~r;OZ ~IA

?v! un JLJ.J.JJIL~JJ

L z.):
I)J,6

(t ~I

tJ!I 2.... .:;,t~ .JJIt,;)!j J'J./.j ~ I)n

if .:;,y. I.)!...~}

(12)_~.J~_.:;,/.

r JtJ.J~

--fI ~

_L

~J II)JP

":'.)J.Jr I)J.J}

-L ~J

':;'.11/

,-jy.

JJJI I)J}'v-1

~.JJ~ L tJI -L Lf

-r~.JI .JJIU}I} -://

I)h.;

s .JY') r t:JI"
"' '-/'J

JJ I I)~y. .JJII)~

~JJ -~ u~;~.J!it JJ
.:;,/J

,f I)JJ'?

'u~~u~ ~ Cl. tll/

(13)"L Lf~

I.)! fI83I y. 'f-

.JJILV ~orJ.J
1)_,I'v

u1j ~.J!it

~i L ~J .:;,!.Z f J/

~J.J.J!it

h.J

.I):?

.JJI-r'}

I)J.J!it~

LIV

(bil ':;'.J~ I)J.J!itI -r) j,~

77

JI S~tA.I .n' ~i

U~

v! ,-/lr .n' .::./;

(lSi ~,

-f"

U~Jt ~.I~SO~fJA~}i..L~~~JJ;U~.O,t
If.! ~{
UP;'" 1 q~'fY' -~ CYlJ~ ~~ ?-.lj L ii iy. .lJ' J;'"
U.,A!..7 .lJ';.1 (i 1.1'J;' ,;-' OJ/J.,:..fL7. .Ii2.. LYl it. (i.;J~ S
,;-' fY' .s: ?-.I ~ L~ LC L UP;'" /.!.t. e: L L~ J; 1
'~V
~lf: lie _i:_ L.I J~' ~7 L (.Ii i.. t;. L.lF 1ell(!
~ .::./;1), '~'j' ~/
'~VJ.? J'i~J/.~'~VJl~~ UYl'} Jj
'lt~.6 ;-~i 1
JYl J'}J ~ DJ~;~ V' )i .lJ' J';'- S,;,jJ .lJ' jj/.
.:}IPS~ 'r)/ .J ~,.; '~,.(E- UJ.6L
'~.ltp..t' d~;
J!~ (~~v;?
v!/ .lJ'~ ~lI'r,_(;v!
L U,t~ .lJ' UY:J J- Ly' f~ 1-.-: r J.rL J;'" v'
). Sd' s ti.l >...t' ,f-' ,.(e: ?-f ,f- ~~.;( ,j'...;~

i~ 'cf

-v!

~J

a er

SJ.rL J;'" 0" _L ~)).I

L d' (uV' r u./.'~~

~J

d'

S if.i:_ L~,f-If

ell(! L d' o: ~y.",


.; u./.'~~f fY' -:
2..L.I~~~

f i:_ i!Yl.l;' v' v! UYlJ/ L fY' ~~~ L I'J .lJ' ~I(!


If 1 U.,A!..7 L d' f J JYl.F lSd' i ~0. If.! .I'_t;,v.:,)i
/-' 1...iJ' d(,/. UIV ~JlY':::;J L J? L e~ .lJ~lie _L _:,)J;'
fY' J _;'7 l>i~ .lJ' L.I...i!.;J~Jle~.lJ~L v' i 1),If.! e.Nt ~ fytJ'
_;'7 e..t- Uiv ~UYl~J~f ~
~J SJ. ~LJI.;t-} .:}JJ S

e- ~

(14)_"

.d"~L e~ .JJt

.lJ' ~!? L'J Li ~ IJ- f~ 1-. r J.rL J;'" 0" -:


,;-'
f JYl"';/ .; ~~ v' $tA.I Sd' Llf L 2 ~J~
L fY' -J!~ dL,.';i ~ JIu,iJ..7';-'.IJ' J!~~ vi 1.I'_t;'
fI8S7 -~ ;-'" ~ uJJ" .lJ'u, 'u)~ \)J-~)IV S~'JlP J'j~'

v!

78

tf ':::;J Vi!

(j.J Yl ...$. C-I.)J:J!.JJI

r J'J.,.f? v!

~ O.J~ y"1f

_i:.. ~.J L.'(' 1.(.)/I.)J:J! fY 11:L

~3)

.
L~' f!

-~ t:("' ;tJ~C- ~}~/J} ~ ( fyl

~..:tJ tfvl

-!0'.1 v.! J~.:::;u,JIJI


tf rl;~
lie -!JYl v.! Jy.
J/ ..JJ)P L ~,tf

'-? ~J if J 1,.(fi ~
-tJ~ 'L....f.);i-'

.J~.JJ

J ~J

e.J~ ~)~

if! /1.1: v! .:.-/J'~

C-

v! I.)'y'~ It'j L e"..?1y. 'y ..:t'} 1.)1;

(,;,Y J/C-..:tJ tf LYl.Jy(/'

IYl~ j J}t C-

J' vi

8"J~'v

(15)_1(.. / ,:,

v! I.)/.~.JJI

'bJ!fy'tif,J/ I.)H:i:..L/

-v! J~(~'t/fljl

.JJ)IOr

~ (o;tJ~C- ~)~

I.)i~ ';-, ';-, fyl f~.J~

J"ul 1':'-.110';;-- -f1 L

1.)'r'J.J.J(JLt:!'" ~I/Yl.J~J}

J1

Il.)j.J; '~-j~.} .JJIt/..;.!{ 1.);

1.)';1 J.;_'''';;}v? ~( ,;, ",:-,I) L JlJJJI

O.JJv.

o7-v JIi1 J' c-IA

.J~J}

L L..~';-, 8J J'L"IYl v.! "";J)P L~' Jy.J~L D,?I L

tf vi

.JJItfO.JJ ~

C-

~I$
/1)1

(16)_i:..~Y

(4)
.JJ'.:.-L~
L..f
-~

v~ 2... ,;-'.}I; S;.J;(;J

j). .:.-~~

.J~J{ .JJIAt!?

C- ~~

C- ('IIJ}

tfe"J~

C-'

,.,
LIJ LYl r:7 /...$. .JJI.JJJ'~
- .:.-L~

lie

(fY'

_I)

cJ: .:.-t~

'.JJl..''~IP: "JI!. _i;_

".

'~IP '~ C.trJIP C- "";L"J' ~I JIP (

j.f

1:)'.1i:.. L.tr

G"J ~.JJI.I '.;:!? .-;fi

Jf c-"'1 .JJI I.5.JJI.-!'...$. ( do i:.. a.J eJ.::.-tlb> L --6.


J'~

y.

e:..;.J OJ ~~u,.;. L .JJ.JI ct' J .JJ.J' Je"r' _~

Y( J' \:J' -=--~1k7I~!? -:: _L L.tr (J/

~J~;~ ~

j}1

.JJI.-!

tf.! Jz-..I

C.tr

v.. se

79

~ J.tf :({
~I

J'Jj ~

0' ,p L .::-~UJ~

J~{~' 2... L

if. .s: L./ (f'6 tS Jif .IJ' ~


,t! ~ z: .I'.t~ J!.::-~UJ-:.1;' v' '0' .
_:../If.! I~ ";~JI J/I)! ~ tS '
.I;'

tJ;/. .IJ'..:;.);

fY' -:8J~ L

J ~~~,

.::-~UJ

't!J.tf I)! tJi S~,J'S~Iif .IJ'~ '~/ .s: -:>j I)~ {


)~ ~z:; .1'1"{t!~j ~j 2 _i:.. L.tf vJ'}.1)!v~,f- J:..1
A '~J '~y O'L Yo'J.tf ~j ~ J I:)!jtJ. I)!}: L~' -I)! J~.I'J
StJ.I'1"S~,;;_z.., .J aL tJ.I'1"S~'./L t
.r.t!.::-~
tJ/ JJ-: -" C.tf~ ( ..:.J> J:~ScJ' '- J'P; Sct;tJ, .IJ'
_i:..?-.1 (if '-I.).tf,t- ~,y,ct;tJ. L~'
~J

fi~

..:;.); J ~~

)J'

(5)
.IIj/.I?
J~zl:-.IjL~'l ~ f.!t'-:I)!J.t;J/~~'
-'f- C.tf.11,.$, J~ S
~'l ~ L ..;Lj v' _i;_;.1

(?

v~'-

!'"

v~

.IJ'I.)Yo.lJ....;i:I
IffY'..J.C.tfIf.! V- 0' (" .IJ' fY''';y
;.1 J~ (j~' J~ fY' -:':::;'JL .::-G"tJ..u
L.tf?-I)! I.)P.
.IJI1.)J:!'v 'I.)rJJ~'y elA
f"'./_4:'/.,. ~I j 4:- L~ i..L ..:.G"tJ.~
~If.! JI.lJ' 8J~ L 1.)J:!'v V~ I)!.::-,IP~ i:.. 2;../L I rJ.jtJ.
. _i:.. L./).i:I { J') ij Ji '-/ JJ-" c:C

.s:

J~ (,;:/L v' I)! J~' L v' j" C~_/L if/-' JI)i


,;:/)i -U J~' I(V').tf ,-ycJ~ j C.tf';:/ r ji" C~~
,;:/r_t"v ~ {k"";.I) _C./ J~' ( V' flfi~ '- _/j C.tf'xl)!
OJ

J~ 'L~L)~...:{~
l.)iJJ~J L
/ ;( ;-~( ~l/ _" l;)J.J(~

v.:'J ~' I~l/ i

Yi ~J .;;,:/

.::-G"tJ.'-

fY' L',;:.J '-7. .JJI

"'/1. {
LYi;( J! nl L/ ..:gjl,r
eJ~j ji" JI? I)! J~It~ L._f k"

I(

'~J

80
J~

_I().J); YJJ! V' CYi 'X

v! "f/ .Po v! 1.:),.2..

J~1.5;(.JJ' s: ~ J~.J~J s -:~.Jj


;;' LJ ,-:"Il J (tY i

~~

r .JW;, L ~~

,.:.'.JJ'/.
JJ ~ v! ~'.J ;; _L LJJi JlP!
J;' ,-1.5.1'''- Y JJ i LYi'X J! v!"f/
~

a'-'-/

_LJ(tY

LV.

(6)
L ~.Nt I.5ji f 4.JJ. ~,,4' V' (iP! L ~IY '-~
JIP L ~~~ .JJ' '_;~J'

V'

d L ~'/' UZj .JJ' J'.~J 1Jk-- f.!t"'


ji 2... v' -i;_?-f ~ .J'i/.!~'
If ~ ~, v! ~IP /l OJ .s:
4.JJ.iJ.1f 1.:)' .; ey',j' ..rr i;_ ~J.JJ/ ,.J~ r v' i ,-J 1.:)1.;>' J!.;1.:)'
J

1.1' '-

J~

v' .;.I} 1.5/l1b4f ...; v./ ,.:.~!,j'

OJ

..:,d.?

I.5/JJiL(1b

2...L.:..!.J~'

u";)..f'

ji _I.)J.J ,.:.J;

_L LJ.JW;,r~

J'r'_;) ..f' 'L LYi Lx v! ~J~ J ti~..;)


~,u~ _i;_ ~ ~ .1"'4 4&. 4f v! r' UZj..J) 1.5/ JJ i i;_._;_,r
L ~~
~ L)~Ji;_ LV,2 U~.JJ &.J~ .1,1~~~ J ~JJI 2.... L J\..
r
v! ~

J yJ J

.P. V' L

v' 'i;_ L'y. 4f ,-j~ (L'

.JJ' 4.JJ.GiIV'I./...J(' ".I} L .JW;'


_rJ ~ ~ ,.:.~I;.o !.::i;tj If

Lfr

190'"- fl922'';((

JJ' ~:~ )d: I.:)J.J'(-J-l


V' '(.JL.t ~: UIV jlV-2
52 V':)..i
,. l.5;i JI-3

182-180

?o; JJ)) (JJ ~

f1969 .JYitJ( ..

- f.!t"tJ'JL:

ulV ;'Yi~-4

338'"
271'"

.J~~~'~-5

81
271

267

V :"I;t'

-6

v: "1;t'-7

284 V (JJ'''''') :cJJ.I'(-J-8


80-79

V (JJ' ~):.lJ:? cI.)' Jtf-9


294

278-277

f1896~

V :"I;tl

-10

~J~r .lJ:?~~ ~.lC:1.)1;11' (--11


V (.I~

124-123

,.p) "'r"t..}J I~

-12

-~ J~r.lJ:?~!.I ~.lC-13
58 V f1919 ~ - JJ'''''' -"'JJ'~.lC
-14
271,.270 V (Y' ,.,.,) "'JJ'~.lC-15
52 If (JJI ,.p):.I.J:? cI.)1 JLf-16
278-277 - V

:!,(-

82

L ...J, YoP. d~

.IJJJI..,v.1
L ui~

I,)! .::/;

V- d~J~

uk-- '-t' ~I'~ J'!i "')JI~ e'.lj


Lr ~ /- 1::."'/8J~jL ~ j ~I 2....VI -v.~ JJ u~'j .IJ'J..lf'
d~ V"Clo (1(;-1/.::/; 4 4 J2 ~ F 8J~j ..J. J; d~eJ f
2....L Lf ~ ~

J..P. ~

o:.'...(i I,)! :# 1.1'",),/

L~
...J, vI

v' '~Olj -{~jtJ. ';-, U~.IIJ~j '-t' :#


_~
~ fl~ '-.IL.--L ';:)JJ :J! 0'.. .....;/ You~J~ J~~

JI ~ .IJI~ tJ: C

J!v! ~~

J1 jL;.1

vI .J'I,.- .J'I,.- L JIJj

.IJIJ#J L d' f I)!.::..-lJIlui'./

L u~ L U';I j LJ1 ~i {
J1
U' J~U~IJ ~j tY;,J P. vI ~ ~J,J if.v.Jf.l~ ~
'-.II:J\'/ v.J'f~'J,;:)JJv~L d' f,f J1-: Jkr '::"-.J~-J!
'~~ ;;1Lf v~ L d'v! U' .J'I,.- J2 '~ ?-J .JJ'J#J 2....L
vI ~ ~~
.JJIL u';l2.... L L~I:fI':::;'J L ~ j 1.112....v'
"'..,v.I,Ju~ .JJIU#'ur.J 'u# 'uJ)'; L':;; L uj.J1 J P.
dl-Jf.l~1 ~I Jl,ill,)! !.tj,J V jJ.lu.I",f ~ Lr L ur. J
L !.tj .IJI2V '",:"Il uJf 'I~ 'v~.J'I,.- .J'I,.- L ur.l .IJIu,yJ
,;-'
L UJ~ L :J! 1.1' -J!r u~..; J!(.)! u~ .IJ'uJ.k '-/ JJ
:L.. L (;-j .JJIJ! L':;; 2._ L u.llf' "::;;.Ii~L u~ I.JJ1.;:..lJI
L P. 1.1' fl. cf. F
U.J'"/ ~ Lr Yoit.. Jlf;1~) L

r" (~~

L U';I

'1/v.! .....;/I,)! u,...( J! I,;:)JJ'-t'

r .",.::..-~
1.1' :J! -: I)!.::.).7

J~

,;

.IJI,,:_G"J'
L ~j

.n' ,J J; v!

'-;"'J' J

';-'

r ;;,;

83

7'::;'"

r _;~

1).!.Ii ?' JJI ml/./ L ,-}Ir

,Jel"

8J

frJ

7 ..:Jss )jl d'.t1V( eI' -?j ,J v' j .::;...


J1 _;)j'
z r. 2... v' -I).! ;f J:) /)~ )jl (~ '-Yo .::;...
-7 '::'-)J/ l/,J ~ j.:;:,l -?j ~ 2... L L.I J"IP

'-Yo 8J a: ..:J jJ )jl

If"! u~j

.::;...1 _"r

.::J L ~

v' ~)j~

vI

)jl

d'.k ')",v ')IP.:" y '~J'

_L L,,!
,J :# vI

8J

'_"rI~

z:.(}
J

II- L)jA)J ';-, L L)';'

'/,,;

z:.(}

)j'.::.-!Ji Ir.,-p (ft 4


L/
r. ~'I_"r,J:! ",:"J'r. v! v' 2... vI
f~I

)Jt

,J:# V' 8J J:)j~ ~)",v ~L)_"r/";'U)~)J -: '_"rI~.::;... ~j,J uJ?)

_L L.I ~~

(j

,;-')IV,J

~ tJ!~ ~ L .::.-~Ij),J J.tj ~r- s J}1r


'.::.-L,.-)

.f L L.I

L ,-}Ir 8J )j'

.r/ ,J .::.-~V' -:II- L)j)';

l_"r)l}1 ( ..:JjJJJ' .::.-)LI,Jell

v! :# V'L if.i ~j 8J -:
L)l,;:v! ,-}Ir 4-'...{' -~

-../-

r/

..:JjJ

vI ,J :# ).,f,,!

'.::.-V 2... V' _rJ JIP J} uJL..a1, JIr,J el' ~ r" .::;...

8J~j .::;...8J~j 8J

,-/jJ

eJ~j .::;...'::'-)J/

,J

7 If do ~Ij)
~

'::'-)J/,J vI

v'v~L:#...{'

)j' --:~ );

.::.-v";
Jl L)_"rJr./
)j'

.I Jv>,::;",..::/;' eI";' ~' /JIj I


J"') ,JJ) j (t )jl _;Y' "! 4-

?,J ..:JjJ
e'} -: U~J _"r

)j' _"rUjl,..-o).

J_"rZ J' t ...{,:_ _"rI~ J_,t.r-. v! ,-}Ir vI


flj

J't J"jjjL?

ftf

JG" ...{I II- ,-}Ir u'_;/ J_,t.r- J'[

v~L:#..{I

I')jl

r?" Ujl,..-o,J..:JjJ L)l,;:

_"r

-_"r_;..:JjJ

~'
i J"'} ,JJ)
/i

j (t~ uJ~

r' L.:)~,J

_L L._"r L) (j1J. Jlpi 0 L L)';'

_;IV~)

)jl

)jJ )I.,f,,! vI

2... L Lbt Jt.r-i

(2.. L _s,) _;IVU;;.: '_;IV )I~i

',.;IV J:)j~

"'/ J.tj

v~Lv!)

L) (jtJ, .Ii ;,(,.j )jl/iL ul,;: _i:... L_"r LIV)( e.): e.): L ~j
?,~ L)' jJ ..J. j ,;-'
,_;;!j tJ, L el' f i J_"r,y- f )jl LL,,!

84

,;-' ~ v.UV rif.'UJ1;,;: .n'


v'i.l ru?'~J1jo;' LJ~' c-!tjL~;~i.. v'
L~ Ltl ~ .IJ'
L'l'
J,y v-j;.
';:;'J 2.... L:# .I'J~ r. j J1.1);Su;> 1.:)'~~j
S~}~
u;1J" uJ.I}~;'~.IJ' '';; 'v~,;-' ti.. 2.... L Ii':' JI.? .IJ't.).I'1'
_tl..L./ V ",;Vv::,yJ.I
-ti.. L./"i)j
f~4...J)

IIi)J v-U~v

~v.:~ 4'

L:#

v.:~ 4';rf~v.:~ 4'


t:lr

(1)
,;-' u~

J} .IJ't;

-'f- CJ1V- J1P" Su;;''''' 4' u f 'f- ~)J JI)'~

J1 r3 ;-vL~~'

UJ.I'J~.11.:)'.t1V
S(' t/ r. L~ ~ ,~:#I.d' ...(t V- ~;~ ji ~ ~.I,;r v-ut/
lu.r-/ ~, uA i J14f '::)JJ v~L if..IJ'.If C'/v.! ~ J.:;:,I
Jr.,...~ '"' v' r.1J1 L~ '"' (Uf' v' v.!' .IJ'IJ1 LV./;:I"j ;:I"j
';:;'J./

J ~JJ.lJ'

-v! v.!

!.t; .IJ'v! JJ1 t,;.v '"' d'~S~~V~V- :# v' f~


S~ f~-"1:1.1CJ1 .Jw.' r ,-:"J '"' (r t/ ...;
,.("e./ /l L
(- '(.I S;.1 (t'~ 'I.:),j' V- if.'" CJ1t,;,) ,J...l.. ~ '"' "'~
J~ y!J y!J e:"'!'(uA,... .IJ'J~eJJ.I '(.I SL,;.''_;;; 'Jv '..:h'
JV'~ ~\5P'l.lv?L
'"r I.)!~V JuJ~.!Lv'-'/'
e,... L ~,....IJ'vL) 'v U',....'vL~" e,... L J; I~
.IJ',...!, 'J'}
'tl..;{. Ltl L (' ( I.)!~V (Ii 1.:)'y!J "',;: .IJ'~
L ,-:"J JuJ~uk./j~ / ~LY.l.L_4:.. LJ1?

r/ if /.:;,V ~, I.)!~;Lv...;')/.~
f-'f-

'ry ',JG"

c~~;;

._;)(; ~
I.)!~.I~

_;/ L)17 ~~.IJI1L u)tJ;! ..li C~ V(i~ !,!)Lv'(f.,;-) ./ ~J J}


:f- Jf v! j;~' d'!.~,J JJ~,J.;:):LJ'r.'V V-

85
~;tJ,

I~

v:
~.(

10

..

I) ~(,~ -(II

-('..
l.l
J'J

'I~'"
""""

I~.;J U, -:

Iv! JJ;;

Sc))7

VI I-lf'2....L~JJ~'I-lf'(XS8~j)

"

ci; s ( (~2_ L/ JI 1I-lf''" SJ);; L.)


(1/ ...J);; ~ 0", ~I..PLrJ\.MJ;jf .:;...JJ/
L~"
...f ;J) v~ V) _;IJ", ,.,.y; ;Ii ~t u~ ,.,.)JI v!' IJIJ ;t
JJI

J ~J

~~ 8)j J!:.IJL/ Ll,.-~) JJI (j~ ~L;tJ, J'-V,t) (/ ,

if....1) (~
UIJ1? til'J

.,...~IJ ..::.v'J)'.,...)lil J:(/ (" I) C;OJj ;JJ

'" s CJ1); VI (I,J. v! 8)j ~

-I)

~~~/-_L 1I'./J1/.(
~ L...{/. .s,~~
L L.) ';';J~ J~_I) CJ1tilL ,;
~~v!J~~-I)C~/.~iJI)~

4 ......':1."
.( ;-, ~JJI )(,.
)JI I:T-.(} -:' """1'v/.-:'
vlV/~ I)L

G';

'C/ 'J!oJ,I...

(1)_~tL( 4f

vI lie . L)'IJ1 ~~I}I OJIP!",OJ~ JUJJIj )JI 1;J11i L ~


~ ~.,J) J1J 24 "' O)~S..J.u)I
~; LJ1 V ~.,JJ J1J 46 "' O)~S..J.u)I
~;f-I/ (14"~~O)~SJ IlJ?

';-,L ..J-L',H ~;(2)_~; .::)

:'f-Jfi Svlv!~
vI I) 4- ~
~

OJ

(j~ ftI)JJ-./~YeJ~v!'V,lr L

.r

~!.l'

2_ L .,...) _. LJ1 ~!A 1ft L J1J vJ v!

~ 120 Ii.~
60 "'""
1. '! .~ t!LIJ:
y
.. ./' V.. C'.

JuiJ) ~I fl)

i! vt of l.:11JJI I) A ~ 60 .JJ' ~

~~t;{

(3)-LJ1-.J/

if- ~~J) IiJ J "'


(/JJ

J';-v!' ~I);

L....;tI.I
)JI ~~,
.."

j;j

I;-JJ J1Jv)L~

J./i;/' L ulVifl

(- ,_;;,.v

v!oJ~

L 41JJIbJC

SJI); -. ~;Ioj v! ~l,.- -Llr


*. ",r.l SuJ.3 (" .:;...~J S-.JJL-v L oJ~ -I vt ~V o;~
t'llJ L ~4)_V J1(:_.,,;if~ ( ;; JJI t;{'I..P- '~ -,J!
)JI d_7 urt

86

?._f iyJ) 51/ L..:;_

-;:"'.,J)

v.. \I' JJ1;;

Uk. vi

v.. uJt;. S

S u.v JJ \I~ 'IV 'J;tJ' 'Jj '~; 'JI,.V _LJ1


51" jl ~ c( v! ~ ~ Yo tt~A",,;P" J!J1~ v! ",:",~I)JI JJ)IJ
e", L J~~;-~~~" JJ/r./)J' !l v! e') LJ1 V
Cj.~ JJ 0:..:;_
JiJt;. d' /r(5)..: J.! iyJ) .tv 16 L ..J.v.JIY"'
;t)

f!/' J~

-;:"'.,J)

_i:.. L! L~

dL;f L JJ

L/

J~Jt;.J JJ))!;J~)J' ~f~_.;ri~

J~
,;-,
L JI;~) o" ~
~t L ..J.v.J,.,yi ",:",1)
J.ltJ"' UJt;.)J' e: J L~J~
r 12 v.. if. S..:;_
,ft tt~" LSJl?

JttJJ~ J/'
-;:"'yJ)

(6)_IJ1V

(2)
L! L~ a: (Vi'

~I)

) I_'; (Ii

v.. ;;f \I' u~ L.:-V d'

,;,j'", a e", )JI i:..,f-' ?,.f..:;_ JI~ S L)J;f_';d' ~,j2 s:


)J' ?; LlI'f,.;-j ;r 'J J! UJJlj J~ S;f_'; L ,j "'.:-~
if"
L~ IJJ;f_'; d' -vt! : J'''' t'",
eJ~l..:;_eJ~lL L;f:/ ':::;'J
v! LlI)J1 \I~ v! .I'_'; fi,! J ,.f ~ ~~
~I v!
I(\I''':;_;._, J~ tf JJ)'; d' v! )JJLSji L~ .Nt
JflJ1
JJ1
._;i;I._f dJ \lJ d')JJ L (I lie -'f- CJ1 el'';:' ~
":;'.Jf

)JI (.;f

-I

..:;,V

LlI

L(

._;i;I vJ

~ ..:;_
L) vI ;:;

v.. J)J vJ (Ii d' )JI J J!

I(;f_';

vI L ,_;;H L ji

LSJl~ ));

(X _i:.. L!

-v!
LIA
:~,

-J!~ ~

_L :;:;-~L (L -~J J~ .;:,I( (I"

;: v! t_ '4 ~j(;:'~?- L ~ ~

J~ '''';y LIJ J;tJ1 J~ v! JP.

e'{)J'LS/.

..:;,jA>e~J~~i
~JJ1b)C v.:;i

(LI..:;,jA>
e~J~
Jlj JP.'~

LSJl~'~(1Yf!v!

87

U/. S.:!.I'; 'Jy"r k.!~ S'-J.l1I JtJ;;.. ~ L vV


'f-.1 ~.:!.I'; /,> _:__
LYi .1 " ~..o._$. JYi
l;/
~'P1"':'"'"
uJ j~ " ,-~L -~ ~ .:!.I';~ -VI

SU}'IP I.}! VI; ~'b

'f- ~J

~ '-/

b.ll '-lYJ

U}L'; -J(f: J-L'; .;v' l(. ~'}7J V IZ~ JYi U.I~


if r./' _r" I , I' "
, .,
,r'
(7) if- l).1 r U:--'",_}.IJ ';'--'{;:; ":"'~ "
tt

t".V' ~ lYi .fb.ll v..1'~ S~ c


JYi J'; ._f jJ.I 12" t".L ..::.-GJ
LYi?

UJj~.I);"

8.I~(8)_L

~.I1.; uji
~ .IJ' 1JIe-

j:

'v..Y~ '"JJ.) v..I'.IVeJ~ L V'(8)-~ Cl. tlllu~ (~J C 'I


L ~J JYi.IJ' J'iJ 'o/""J 1t'J:f 'jPl'J:f '~.1 u!X J~~ -?'}
tJ'J Lie- ~l;,o ~ d; J ~~ I.}! "':'""'~, _i:... Lie- Ll;,o ~ (l1rl .I'';

L .I''; V' _i:... L.I~l;,o ~.::;.!~

!Y' .IJ' e~J~ d. ~~h.li .I'';


v ~If L Lb...{.1 ~ Jv v' tJi "t".

S.L 0' 'Lie- V'.I~'

I.)!.I~.IJI.}! v~ ujJ.li 0' e~J~ .IJ'


c.J'}7J "::;J

.s. LYi

L LII

-~
lYi~(
c.J'} L L)il} Ui

~J

s: ~

~..t~

J~{ ..:-~S~,.IJ' e~J~


U~ ujJ.li fY' 'i:... Li

.L 7 tllA-~ lYi~ .L Uh.li

7 .IJ'

'f- ~'}7J ~ .. ujJ.li

!~

,-y.' L)~.I~;'dv' L)~~ J~ L .. ..:-v-VI ;.IJIJ{

t( JYi J U~~;

..:-V .IJ' VI

S~

..:-v ..:-V vA..,..,..


.IJ'
_
(lO)_~ ;,J.li 1
V' -~ _

( "t".L(/ -'f- Ji_I 'Y"II! u/S~J


j,} jy
..:-GJ

'U.I'J e:t'

A-I.)! ~..;;

S,J

'dI.}! if. 'JYi ff~' S..:-Ly.lS~ L/ .IJ'(

'J'~ S(L'A

Jv '-.I{

eJ~

L c.J'-VI J~yiJ j,} -:1/ .IJ'

tty. ...u.- ~ Ll;,o ~f./ b: (.I :S_;'J A L'J LYi JP ~ c.J'.IJ'


~..JJ/I.)! if.'(YilYi':' l.;!' ~JJ/I.}!/. Jv flYi ~ 4~if.-'Yi

88

L ~ -,/.J~JI;-- ~ ..:81.) _;'{IJ! ~V (Ii ~JJI Yi _;


...J~ V- (litl L ~LY'J I;)I/. Jv ~
ULS 1;)1
JJIJ.J:!cI...J~
O~)~

O~)~

:,/. J'J
v~V-

J. 11/.2 I;)~ I;)~~ -..f1 V- ~ ~j L

ojlJJ)" o'{J) (t r I;)~ vI


Jl.At;V-

O~)~

_t:. _J r;"J JJIJI;;~..:.c:1)t:-/

1:1- '...;t!-; L ~.Jj

(ft _Ii J?

L~~

L "';;~
-,/. JJ1 JJ1 J L)~JJI ;:Ji v.:)~

J;vd~ V- )~
~

JJIi:..

JJI i:.. O)t;:..... I _Ii (r

t:. LJ

"(LI

SUi'"

J!lb -; 1:1- -; ui?--

u~JL (r L Ly i:.. LJ1 JJJ JI~

If; SLY' t)' ~Ji JJIif. it. ~;:;.;


r J} V- I;)~ )1) (t L (LI vI

(l ; JJIJj

-; bJC S ~)tJJ S (LI Ji JJI

~ v! ~JC If ~GJ JJ'~J~ If (V/i L/ ",I _Ii CJ1~


JiJ ';J~ V- ...JJl,.v1;)1
liCJ1~L:I~Jf
(Il)_1i

! JJ1 y. Jf S '7 o.J'i


i:..LJ1~V
f ~I;-JJ

CJ1~

/-

V- ~tJ.~

1;)1~

(3)
L.;:,; IJ} ~ ~fli J!~..:8I.)cI?- ~ ~ r LJl;f '::;'J
L jl;;1 L L .;:,;
2... L~ ",I {~ _i;_ ;J ...JJ/' V- U#
,tL"
tL V
f ",,',vJ
tL ~ ~,~()~T '/., ,{..
f. .J.L1;IV'"
Cfr~
vJ. / Yo""',tL);',
vJ ./.. vJ.

_t:.

)I; If ~J y! J;;j r.i:.. Jf ~vL ( ",I JJI


i:.. L~ _J (jtJ. Jr JJiL _Ii C~ 1/V ~.,JJ~J!hv! (litl J l)'J~
J~ r ~/ S 1;)1JJI I";;S UJJi~ t:-/J) JJI UJ//'ui/ 'u;': r.
S J'}";; 1 'if~ Y f ~IJ i ~.;i;J.! L vI _i;_;J

S1;)1JJI i:.. L~

J.

o,j

l)'J1:/.;i;J t:-f.

L u;J I} JJI ... J ~t 'tF,_.-,/.

JJ1 jjP ,

89

(4)

Jr.,.. v! ,-Jr.,.. Jyl Yo


If v! I~ If vI i Ylby I If.::)JJV~L ~ ...fi~ t:I -'i- JYl uI,..er ~'-.I~ L Jr'.jI v!,.i0L tJ.I} ".Ii ~-Vl L~i ..:..~
jLil I~1f c." 'LYl,f-'

JIP eJri./.Ii'
.,

2... L L~
L c." -'i- Ci" v! ~ !.I'} L.d v',f.';;

L~ "",'j".IJ' .I1Jr.} L (' ('


c." .IJ'

J!YlJIf;'v? J'_pilJ If ",:",V.lJ"~

iu -VlL~Yl

IIPI

L -v.!' LYl.l!?

'uil,..-'U~J.I)IV If

'JIVj~ 'Jv-: s: ~(~;; L u,cJ.I lie -~

.1

:s: ~(~LU.fJ' -e/.J U~J.ll.5r .IJ'.l4' c.'~'.~

"""j

(~":".IA}

,(' LI"

J:..1'(-

: ~(~LU.flJ',~ jlK..~',~ JLJG ',~ Jp ',~JA 'J}'jy'


'.1,1 'u~ 'u~~ JI_pilJ eJ~ L vI e/.J jlf; 'tJf '~IV/ '~'''J~
,;Lj vI

V ~,;IVJ:.IJ~L c." {~_LYl ~

CYl V h.l -::--",.1r' 22 " ,;IVJ:.IJ~L

~L~ L c.'" ~/

_Ii ~ -::--",.1 ~.1~ v!


~IV eJI} 120 ,;IjJ.I v! LIVJ:.IJ~L j,.~~i v! ~J~i.l~-_Ii
(12).. LYl .I!?L
...fi )t L~ it. J~I ~) L L v! tJ.I!?If 1.))11'c."

JvI

..}.u)I~i

,;IVJ:.IJ~~t/-.1

~",:",';A L~ JLYIP .::.2i .IJI~ "'-/ JJ


L .IL,$IL J .IJI":".IV SI.)Jj.lJ~';-, ~ -~ C/ct!'" 1q o:~
-J/ ,;" u;;". ~I

l/~

Lflj ..,l!J...;'II"

If '-/JJ...fi".Ii'

,J.~L~ L(l.31Jt);I
~.I!hi If ..:../J If ..}.u)I~i ",:",1) L ..}.u)IJ~I v! ~ lie _Ii C~
~
J~ 11.))1/ .IJI~V.l!? .;~ ~,:(,.,J.I
JlJ '~I~ "Jj ~~ ,:(,.,J.I
Lil~1f

"c:lJ.I.lJIJJjJj

'r

If JJ I.)~

(13)-V:

tJ/. '-

90

(5)

_ 15/ if~v~J" ~'15y.J!SV~v.'-;LrV'


LJ1 JI(-Iv~ L L L u'}.J1UJ-!/ 2._ v' _Ii C~~" ejl_tl r~
"'vI J1'ifJ? s C~Ih J~r~~vI J:.15.J~15v~ _i:..?-.J
~ J? ~v L UJ;( s: L~Lb;.J~ J jJ .JJILi. ~ (rr 15jJJ.Jj
v~ s .JrJ -: V. FyI J"lli CJ1J~I J! r U~_,JJ} .JJ',-JPo
.s: ?:-J.f~!i ~'.f cfo";:/ --fI
(6)

(~ ~ C if ~

U~J') J1?

"' UJJ~

Ji;f Po vLr L.:!' ~

~ ~.JJ/ ~ 0: v~ L if. ;;f A~~ 'f- C.f15.JJ-'7


J~
._f
Lv jJ.JLvI -'f- c);f v! tf J r'.Ji ':;;'J ~I 'f- Ci ~ DJ~j
L/ J/.::.(..Ji.SJ_tj -:f'f- Ji ~v.f J1t'J ~~ -:~ ~tJ.?"
~'.J I:!J..JJ.JI._;,i ",:,'; L ~ lie s: L.f ?/SL~ .J'/ J}
~i~--fI fli ~ r I:!' i:.. ?-.J ..JJ/'"v. -? J"J .JJI~/ J ~
~t ':;;'J J~
.JJIi:.. ?-.JL~ v.~ '-/ JJ~ ~ ~I .JJ'i~
'-/JJ
~ 15}i JIP ~(14)_i;_ L.JI;f u! u#.JJI u~Ij SUJ.J;~ 'L'(
'I.5)1J2 _i;_ L.J,;f J_tj ..Jr 4-._f (~~
Po Ii r UJ1~J~
v jJ.J';-' Lu_';I i:.. .JI-t"'" l3JI~ L .J~.JJPo ~
L.J~ I:!v-IJ
.
:'f-/~L/v'~S~lI?"L
J:. 1.5/~J 'J...J; J v.JJ ':;;'J 'i:.. LJ1 6 "':'~,
4-:- 9"
.JJ'/ ~ '/. -! JJ1 ~!;/. JPI SUrJJ 4-:- 11_1i c;f
.JJI" JJ1I.5AY15UJj,f 4:- ~;/ (~-!
J~Y-~~
15j~-;f~"t? JPI S,r-yo p! L ",:,r tf J/. S.Jlj~

r:

(lstli CJ1 .J...l.. -: 4-:-11"

JJ1

91

IJf v!Ji L d' s: ~ L ~'.1 L ...J~ Yo 'J- .:.c.' -?'.1 L ~tJ},J;!

...Jtt:..,.
,

,jP ,J,j Jr _Ii CJ1~;)~.IJC-~;


(In/'

J,j.l

L)~

d'"

?-.I?1,p ':::;J fi J,~ ,-:"V v! ~


cCIi~...f ~vJI ,::).1 _w... -: )J',J J'I.I

(X _i:...

Lly
40-31 V: tJ},J;! -1
81-46

v (JJ'

,."v): 4JJJ' C.lC-2

;!:/.I/

96-95V(~)J.)f~
6-5-3 V

(-I'~-3

(r' ,."v) 4JJJ' b.lC -4

259 V (JJ' ,."v) "~, -5


274

V ('"r: ,."v) "~'-6


48-46 : j

r (X -7

52-50 V :"~,-8
53-52V: "~, -9

45 V :"~, -10
397-393:V (.IL;,."v) 4JJJ'
248-247

V (n)J1iJ;(~:
1V

b.lC -11

J~d.)'.r.? -12

(r' ,."v) 41JJ'b.lC


123 V :"~,-13
122 V :"~,-14
52-51" : tJ},J;! -15

92

JLi'

JlJ )J' j,~

e)'J' ((;;j

v.. ,.;L;J,..z:, L.::,,;; )JJ ,.JV

)Ij/.I),:.o':;,-',,;/ ,.;L U.,.:'':;_JA Sj.-~


S J- ~
JJ S J- 0;' Lfe If 1ui~ '-/JJ
-" 1J'.11r-L t))/ Sv' )J' '.t1)/ If V'J' ((;;j (j.11r- L t))/
'I)( ?J (' 'J.t1f'..z:, SuiJGt!-1/ .t1 ,-I' ,-I' If (lSi ~k-- (
t))/ SJ-,.JV J(' ',-./.' " uJJ~ Ji u/,J:I )J' J$ t))(;JA
L I:I~Jk,J.

v.:~

uP )J' Ui);) 'U~ 'U~ ,.;1; -v:.f(v.::,,;; e~ flJ, e..(G.:;_


0;' L A"~;J ~') /i 2_ L;) )Ij/.I t)J,;i 0;' ~2_ L ~~.:;_
fl/iJ~J'= 2... L Lf'){ ~!'j' L (;;j t)Jf (.;J) ~ (;;j e~
(;;j.:;_ v' J"IP If J;e e: v' )J' L! S)L":"'_f" ui~t)>>/

e: ,-)j".~1P'j'

L
(1)-1/.t1";~ v.. L_f 1;)/ ':;_)/)J' 1)/A11J?_1/.t1tP. v!
-~ )JJ ( U?;Ir- )J' uP. 'UY.V)~~ SfY" )JJ tJ}i ( >."'"
"'~L c,lJLi -~~ ( i~1r )J' .::}JJJ;' /r-' /i v.. ~1I1P c,I'
J.j J;'.r-' )plJ? If J/-~ til OJ ":"'Y"' J JL )J' J'~! S1:1' v.. u,...~
~.~ ,.;1; -"

')j
.:;_
~J . (JIP
y.U

~)~.

':IP
'-'d _'v...

_.:.!" .::}JJS.r-')/.:;_:;.-,,,
.....
.v! L"::;IJ?
(;;j .:;_ e~ 2... L ~IP SJ'~! )J' 1:I'.t1; :;.-'

.r-'/i 2... v' -~ ~f

>. 2... J' -~ ~

j.";jJ.1 u!.f )(;JAr./. ~j SUJ)./.!

)J' UJ)~

U"

>.

-/. Jfr~

93

(1)

J~ t.i' ~ J~...1~; ~Ij Jt.!':;;'J L Jj! v! l;)


.11(2)_" o:Jj! v! (;,j U'
., / uiLY -?'.J Jk .JJ' / U~Jk/-' cJLY
"C.Y1 ~ (j ~~ '~~
,:r r do i:L"rt ~J.J:II.)! (;,j
v! UJj~ L LV cJ' ~ -U:r...f ~ ..d '~~'.J 'n)'.J '~~ 4
J.fl.Y1Ju}LY ~Y'
j

~'j ~

(3)4

e: L (;,j 15.J{If' ~ .JJI" C.Y1t.i' (!lVI r.tJ- ~ v! (;,j J'~

-" C~jJly ( JJ J~;~Ij v! vI J'" (;,IJ.J( L~ til>.~


~.f LJ},j cJLv (LII';-,.JJI" C~J}
tll~'Oi~.11 ~ ~J vI
~(4)_I (f Zfi J~.JJ/ UI.;:" C~.J'j~ ~ .afV L (;,jfi -"
p.1.)! do .s: L~~ J~ J,J L ('.11 I.)! v' i J~",
(;,j
(;,j....;/ ~ ~ -?J Jif.'e)JI'JV .JJ';';
'J15;~

':l

(5)-J~*.,j

'''-J~ ,t (h;i Jr'f. .J.J~'~I.J: I)!

C.Y1if!cJ'.t1; '.Ii r cJ' .afv L UJ.J'.v .JJ' OIL.- v! (;,j


'~.JJ~ I.)! do " ~.f L (:;j ~ ,f ct;JJ, .afv ~, .J'.v ~ .JJb
L.Y1 Jj! v! (:;j J.j P.(6)_4: L~ J~e)J J .JJ' 15;.JJ'Jt ',,/-V

1.)'1; -"

.,

r~ r'

v.:,

"'~ .JJ'Ub.JJ ~ -?J If' -" C~ t.f


J}
.JJ' '1/ l;;'
i:
i ~C~~ tl,.;. '1/r J.j I.)!...G. )1(7)-1 J~ .::.:;kf' J/I.)!
eJ~;~ "':"'"/.J 'Y' I.)! ...G. i.. vI -" C~ ~.f "";}.I..f/. .J~ ~I
,f ~IP ~I ;; c[,v! ~ ~I eJ ~ .JJI" J~,f ,,-1/ ~, J
O'~ -" C-ti J} .J~ ';-'",.J} 15JI/' O'~ Ji(8)-~ C~ ~.J~) L
L q ~J,f if.4: L.f kf t~ J~v.. (:;j J)J/ ~/-'vI

v.:

>.

iG

J~~'J~ JL ~, v.. ':;'.J~ v' J,[ J' jyZ


v' Ji t.Jy<~ -?J J.:;,; ~ vI j Jy. ~~r I.)! 4:-lP L tJi\:> ~
.
.I'y' is; ~ .;:.....;
4-' u: UIJ. L/ 0'?-' U-'k--(9)_Ly.J&'VI.)! [;;10('
f (;)1P..d -"

94

)i JJ.lg;I ..:,,;;tJ.,f~0 ",(.lJI ,f ?i J_j ~I L ur.


.lL...:,.,}
v..1.)< j~

L 1.1' -: j C./~I;/.

,,-/.'

I;)Y I(~1.1

..:,,;;tJ.~,

(lO)_~J./t,V

?-.I

~UI. ~ (:;j I.)<~

y,~ -i'J,f LYi _;~y eI.r,f

~ vl(1l)_e:. LJlYiJYo~
~,J tP.::)f,p J/tr

..:,,;;tJ.

L? >.,f

.lIJ-+!'~.::.....: L

1;)1 .lJ'

J Jtr J ok--,f I;)~JPz':::;'J 1.1' f 'f- CYie;I.t'

J. e:. L Yi ey uj( L uj( ~ -i'J ,f .lL ";'Y .lJ' J..I! J ....G.


,..f ,J J~J ..:,,;;tJ.jl.--i ~I)!{:;j~,,J UJJ'~ (:;j,f uJ.I(;JA
-,J JYi ~ ':;".I' S~; 15"~ ~ 2... L ..:,,;;tJ.v'
L

(2)

JJA"j2 ~ ~J J/. U'~ eJ~;~

tJ! fyl

eJ -~

cC "-J ~

elf ~

eJ~;I)! (:;j~,

J~.lJ'~'fi

Uk.~/1;)' eJ~

-?J,f

J..i ~'.lj

ji .s: LJ v.! 'J' e'lu.l{ /e~ ~' e. LYi J I.--Jv; L do


':::;'Jfi / ?>. ,f 1.1'.1'J-+!' J) tb j ~ ..:,,;; tJ.J/v- ':;".lY",f a_;
I)!':;".lY"1.1' f ,J J~15J _; J!2... 1.1' e't- 15).~ ~f _e:.?-.I Jr.Y'
,f ~~'J.I -: I)!I;)~JPz 2... 1.1' -~~ ~ _; .lJ' vi'./j~ ~;tJ.-:
IPG ./ ~{ ~ ~, .J. L~ UJ_;e,l ~ uk.; ~ / uy'!j f ,J
..JrJ, (Wi -v!' J~15J~ J~vi vi I.l!."- -:.:;.,6"J' J"1-L~
"f~ cJ).;.:;.,~
1.1' ~ r'::""': I)!.:;.,tJ.trdill' YoJ' ~ e~ ..pi
'::""':::;'J
I(.:..IP.If J':::;'J' 1.1dJL ~ ;~iL~; f .::....1'
I( I.,,;
,
,
el/

v.! ..... ~eJ~; ~ eL,.:fJJ I.l!.,:l ,fe~


S(;,j f ~-1-. -: I( ~'J.I v' S':-J _; e"-

(12)'\1.1
"i)j "i)J ~ ~~
~J':::;'Jvf'/:(f.l'J/

j "-~

v.,fl...J(;,j.lJ',J

JI.lJYiJ'.li .....~

)1; S.:;.,~
I)!~IY -"-J "-J _;e,t" 15.1{ eJ f J ~- ;.1

I)!

95

v! _;L; L

Ii C~~~,,";"i (JL.f ~ f V'

e~..;'1

t,;V t.t1J'I

V- uvf L fyl

J'J/.; L U,)I i

s .IrJ ~-:

J _;e"/ f uYlj ~

V- )j~ .IJIi:.. L~ L.f t)1,-I u C10 V!' cJL~,j y. .IJI~.f


V!;r J'_;} .I; 1)'1 V- fyl L J'J" 1)'1 s: L.fl):/ '- 1)'1 c:
L J"~ til JJI~ j""; r.; cJL~Jj~ ,j V- U}~ L U,)I f ~
ui,J (j elf ...f ~/ ~ ~I ~fc) L LII V- ufJ.

~Jj

s:

v:-

c,j .IJI L~ k:.f '-J ntl'/'

,,~IYL.:-~ ~Ii!JJIs: ~.f

':-J~

~.::JLz JIJ':-J

tJ'J fli jrJ -: _i;_ ~J.f Jr. ~ til" UJ).v L


j~".::JLz JIJ':-J tl'J ~J '-/JJ L c,j jJI,J JIIIf.! J}
j I} J

Jdj f UJj'.v c,j i L~

41~ ~.:-~

1.1' i LL.:-~ kli!L c,j '- ul; ~J~


" 1)'1 L UJj~

kli!~13)_i:.. Lt)1 v!
-:-'} /-,

fl J"1)'1-~~ ~e" UJ.JNJ


jrJ

j? ',J

J./~

~ V- fl_v.1
L
L 1)'1 JJI~ Ji. ).

J' It' L V- jf _Llj j~ '-;(


~I JLt !jJ f V- f1755
JIP ':-j~ li(14)_.e:: IJI.:-~ kli!.f~ jt)
-VJ;' J L vI L.t1L.f ~ .::.-~~Ii!L c,j -Jf ~ .J"~ L
u.,! S~ J~,-I L.t1 uk't jJI U~ '- (.7 v-.::.-JIP 7J. (- 4f-1
( Jf ~ Ii Cf ~ e,;' d? ~L.f J~J elf Ic,j(15)_~ VL L.f J} f uYlj':::;JI)'1_1i C.t1'_;}~J;'"f k,J J.t1J;j)
J .:-L~I V!' ..A v! J~S 1)1iJJ.lf J.t1J'~ S cJl._;/ _; i..
_Ii C~ Ijl} If'- ~Llji

L .:-~

e~J~

~J

t',;'

jl.v r cJI~ L.t1y~r~ ;::


4' i..L uYlj dt
-:-yl J JL r vl.::/; jJI C~.t1
JIJ; ~'1)'1 ~ 'C~.t1,J~'C~/ ..:t,1

i.. 1)'1 -Jf j ~ ~ Jk'~J Selt- ,f-I v! .:-ulPcJI'Ii..f 1z?'

S,/'
~I ~

J;!. ...f ':::;J1)'1

j /-,J? ,.f ,.f L.t1~~

j/~ -:-f" -U.t1_;'J''::'-~ kli!L cJl...f ~

"' l)P;,;'
~J

4'

_; .:-;~I

96

',J

J'eL-f~~J'c,jiY..(~I~~.I?
t:::..-(tLp.d P\LI,;,o J.!J SV'/( jl' v LJ1,f- JJ t:::..-' ...f cJJJJ L (.)";1 2.... V'
(16)-o'JI elj" J(:)
fJ~t:::..-,.;.I7';-, ="'orJ.I.IiJ,:iL~
..;..i 1~~I J JL L .I1y" ';-, ,=,j f,J JflJ11f = '::'-.Iy1..(1
J/lfr ~jJJ,o (.)J']jcJI I!Cl,.;.J;,f-I
LJ1IfL:!Iyr
V'
J~oJfr jlp- ~ If .:i)J ~ ~jJJ, J cJI -~ ,f- ;;;
u,,;!j e~ ..:,..-'!;/. ''''';JIr ,.;..IJIJ' (f ell"i ,.;.,fl I.)! JIP '::'-.Iy1
= _L~ VJ~I ...JiIP LI 1u,; '-/ JJ L ,=,j 'I.)! ~. L '::'-JG-!
J~elj"

...J)

-if
J~I

L (.)y'!j

!,/.1
cJI i

'-/ JJ ~ J:...:)I, J

-!J!.

JLv J y" I:- J) e~

vi(.)V..l. O,=,j L ,JJAJI....vI ~I;"e 'Lf

"";)..1.
~P-.1

-J e~ v;L (.)1; .;i

'::'-~Jlyr,f-I f t:;- cC ~ ~~ t:::..- V' ejl.t' r ..:)1, JIr r (.)y'!j


I( elj" f~ L~Ve~J
.IJ',J J~JJ ~;JJ, {LIJ' L .:i)J JJ ....;/
S.l~~~ Lj Z;-, L e~J~ I.)! 4IJJ'lie '(LIr VI.)!~ ~~
~--:! ,J~ ..(I.lJ' ~.1 / u}tY- i 0J/. ,=,j 2.. ';-, fA t:::..- ..:.JJ~
=.....;/ J:. J,.L.. L olj" ,J JIJ.J.JI~I /./.1 (.)JJ.h1.IJ' ~ Cl r JIJ
OJI .I~ ';f If" v' J J:...:.:i)JvI L UJ1y. .::.-1I1P~ f~ '~J
J"::"~
t:::..- ,.;.L; L ,JJ.AJI vI v: J~rJ!(17)_~r J:. ~ jJJ,,,.I} l.5.1j
elf t:::..- iJiv ({ v.?:
,=,j 2_ L ~IP Su}'7 .I1'.;:,lJ/
VvIII( J' V- -!Ibt' L "j" L u';1fi .J~
,f~(' ()'(I8)...~fJ!...J)'/. ,f' v! (.? 4.1''/ OJ 4-J i e"- L ~L"
1.;Jf.b L ~'.1 ~ f f- Cl V-.I~ ..:,..-'~.1tf cJ~J.h1 ~p.
J'-J VJ" oJ/) 01.1' Di?'.lP. u; OJ";' olj" ./e~'-t' L (:).IP
J..I. '-;( J,I L c/,p fi ,J -vf k. ~ tlJ'l( 4.1'
(l9)-~J.f"""9
..I.IDj ",,';-v .n' OfJIelt" 0 cJl f .::.-f.l!)

r5

r5 ;

'1~

J1.J

~'J....(,

.n'

.n' ~ ~

97

.~" ",...J, ~I;

.JJ' ;.I.I.lIJ~.J

~ J2 s: Lf V G.lJ~"'

~';''Y!'-t' f ';v".l

1:1- ,.J~I...vr L .JJ' -Lf J J.::.dj rr Jly


~J"; a," )"1)
Ifu!~ft. L 1:1- JJI .I?

c~

eJ

J/~ _,t" '"

cJI_~

JcJI~

-= ~

J ,yl)",j

'--11

.IJIJ..r O'J

( ':--J

_,f If uJ']i

.:i L -J!t" L

,.JJJJI...vr~J ",I

'v,..;

J!~J:. ..;1.; L cJ' ~J.:r-J) '" Il;) J:. (.7. vI .IJ'L~ Jf J".It.
-J' (j _,f' J~ vJ ~.Jr Lif: L ~ _.I~( uJ']i fl) .IrJ VI)
-~ J~I O.lV'
L v' ..4 ,j if c.t! -If _;; c.t!' U!"' v'
"' -!IY L

"I

_,t" 1'(20)..

L~ 4-J

J~L 4.C'--,",.IJI~;(

I) JrJU!

~ (cJI(21)" Lf~ Illf .t~'" "",j ~I ,.JJAlI...vf


}i .IJIs: ~J Iii ud -JtJ;L cJIj Lf ~ _,f' {!}i f
(22).. ~Jf L.J f ulb j 2!L d.
;'.t' ~J

u~L OJ~r/.i"!' .IJ''Jy;:;i (.1';.:.-1" VI J' uJ']i


/

:'-ft. 2{'JY : ~

r;L u!

or I,)ei ~ ~~ (Ii A r _If If,.!' ~ LJ- oj) fi L ,;,/


or I,)~ L ;2. /{ j V:./ r.? )1; If ..;IJJ.J, I,)! l..v ~ '-.1:1
or I,;)V If L j /. " .t1 v: I,)J_.i ;;v: I,)Jj,.. t.t! j II r..t1.:.:~
or Uy .:;..jij or ~II;; L ~~ f
..J!t' I '-} j or tJ'
or cJt,..V
.L A ,f JI? ..;h .Jr! J,., j ;;
e. ~
or I,)~ .:;.. ~ v' ~ A r _'I ~ ~ sf. -~ ~ .:;.. ~.1 v'
+~;:;i '" l/ 4.1' '-- l5J~r/.i~
I,)ei orr ~ ...;(~ L 1,;)' .r ,-..Ai' I,)l:-.IJ' JJ.k. L l,)-t1r J. or
I,)~ L /. ..Y~ r ojJ.I Lt' .Ir~ I,)V ~ L Ja j JL .k. L o.tr
If> .:;..

~~

.k. ;fy '-J~ ~

~J

~A

v:

cJ'

1.).1

v.A v: J.Yy L I 4 JJ' 5 ~ ~ JJ le/) L ~ ,;-'':,/ Yo

98

JJJ .:.....~L ...f J! ~ ~ J L

r../- ~

4.

':""'J

JIV ~;; ,....1 Ii. ?

J,,-

1.;)1 ~ vI A
L_ ; ~ ~ L_ ,j J? L ~ +L_'I'_/ L~ ,.;s: I.)~ I)~ ~
LJ.J:JJut~L'JLIJJ..:.....;,I~
L_ ;: J'.1' L ~ ~. j~
k..ll1 v.r ":,,,'? 1 1.;)1 h{ 1.;)1 A
~, t'J 1 .:.....;,1 ,.; ~,v,Ij'y .iJj c: ,.;L; Cf.>J ( J'
LA
~,.. ,I,....
..
'f- t{J ~ A ~ k. JIJJ .:.....J~ 'f- til ,.; ~ ,.; 'f- ~ t ,1:/
k. jlJ

k..J~

'J

L LA

":,,,I)

jJ

rs

(3)

s,I t]t.J.JJ/~I ~,_t!I,j2 !If,_t! i erilr;;j


d '-t' .:..iJI J"1 ,J. _( L~ J~ JL J( ,_t!1 " ~ e,,...
L
vI ~ "(~ L./. .1 L~ J,,-.! ..!-; 1ft 0' ';-, ~..! L
I(- J~Yo ~ vI e; ~ ( cJ' L [;,j ,J 0' cJ' i J,r d I..JJJ'

.JL..!.,I

8J

2..JJ'J./.I'" o.Jj .! L d
-

.,

fl) .1;'0)...,
$C?., _~ _;-.r L uy)J
-,.

t,r JiL .I;' V' v. ;L ..!-,Ir;;j J~JPi 2_ V' L~ ,r _;~ v. L,I


( cJl; if ~ ~.1 ~J.!eJ'IJ I>..!..!-yf ..!-Iv. uP f!
...;.!} If v' v. u) ~ "':"Y" JL '.II,..-( V' i',r ,J v. _ftJ L el?1
J

':-J ~tJ Ir;;j 0(0( ~..!-IL r;;j If el?J~


,r JL ( 0-' 8J '( L ..!-; Yo.! L d If
f ~L~ . .

If .:..tL'"

tf._(

L (' v'

2... L

c!J

J! ,f..JJ'vJj 'i~
f~
o..v.;~~
.1) C,r((?..!-,I
Iu~ .JJ'U~ .! L t fl) C,rIf~'
.JJ'ui.Jl.1 L.! ,_t! (.I ,,':".11 ~ 1/ 0) v'J) "U;;,...~,
_( e~

JL

J~

8J~

~J

L V'~I~JJ J JL't.!,JI UJJ/ t~L.I;( I uH


(r;;j.! L d u!...$. d'_; _I) .JrJ r" '" ~ J ';.' fun
I) C,r.J~ r.:..,... yi I) C,r ;.-'.1' ~ y, .n' v~ ..::..l J:: Yo .J'J/
. _I) C~~J.!
,J"'.Jj)l;,J v~ )J' y,<;...' J,[

2_ L J,;

99

u;l" Cf} f u~ J u~tv.. ~..Ij i' J!'"'( ,fv-:j If ~

JI,.:.'}
"'"':"Y'fJ J~L cJfIf'uj jJf J~Ji 'JlJy' f
J' L~ J { jJf .;:.;:1 o.,ff rb /ti L ...6.JJ~i J' u~t2... Vf Ji:' Z

Li J,z

~f

fl ~fJ

v...::/.

Po

L ...6. jJf i:.. L~ ~ ...t UJJ~

jJf

ufo. }I;

2... Vf _LfJ~i f u;l'cJf'J jJf L~ f uJ,-7.f


uiLfi jllJ. ,) m} d ~f,j -?J if.. 'J,z ~ f~ .:AlP t!
~ O'~ DJj} d L ~ ~ J'~ J; -If U;~ L U}fJ L)~tjJf
/- (f/- _i.. .;.,}L U}fJ u~t"':"Y" J J~JJI ,-J,(L cJfi LlIJ.
j

jJf C)

uA s: Ljf

if- L,z

a: ~fj

,..f,f JJ:...t d

t VI; J!f

LJj (O'~)
't L

f iJ12!!
(23ti:.. z.r .IcJ~v r.;:.;/.
2... L
fl,z ~

UJj!ii":

fIt::- -?J J'

..

j~';"}

t jJf ~Jf ...v Dj~JJL C) DJj} d jJf L,z...JJ/'" v.. j~';"} tJ.j

"
-O-""':"~

,j J,z
t::- (Vif '-Z U~Ji li C~ Vi f L)~ '-Z ~
,....
_1.'
Y' L)JjD,z!r:L.tor
III L ~ ~II"J"~J ~ {fuj t::- fyf jJf Ur.UY'''
j~ .;.,}

vi

6~jufkJ'-J",R

fuji L!iye~f~Lj"

~Ij~?-

kJ f t~cJ1l "' vf Lifo L L} f! .;:.;i Jf j"1(24)-tJ.}' t::-f L f


c) ~ li c~V'J~J If'uj t::- I;JfA k i:.. ~J Jj JJ i kYo _li c~
J~i ..d. _li c~~}f uJ)j~L! t::- j} VI; i if.~ v.. L} fJ
J'J~-J'Lft fJ~/ ,.$ (0 i Po L d J'ulVJzJ~ ~ f
L ~JJ J J~_~ 2.... fJ/f...f ,-if L cJf.,ijJ ~ Jw J'L)/}-!
_~ Lfi Iff ujjl tJ.i.J"v.a1v

v-~}

t::- u,2J

D.i J'uy'!j

jJf u~

,.;1;", j}

-J,zJ~.I. ~j}ul..[u;~Lu;JJ

0,,( .::/.j

J' cJ~J~

J'JJ~JJ)Jf

J,z./V"

100

(4)
U.lIJ6J U.l1.--~

4.112...v' / J.t1 ()!J, ~ vi.l

1/-11)" {:;; ..J'_;;


J.t1 JJ.JI...f .::.,Ij ~

.t1,J ~CirJilt .I'.v }i C)1.lJJL -..6..J'


v'
,:,(:;;~ Jp.".)' ~).v -" Cir.t11)l.2v L v' J!;..j rJIY jCIr
L.I '.v '~ J.t1~ yi 2... 4.1'-/ Jy ,:,.lJI/ J)~C)I~ j
f 1'-"
~J v' U.lIJGJ ~
-: -J.!J~~ d '-"
L.t1 "-f~I
~
,f-'1_(,Jf ,.I AJ6J U AfV L if. v If.! 1.:11,.I'J' JI~
"d12... 4.1'" U,.t1"/' r.; J~J/'-" ~Ir ~ I.)J.I'J'L ~~ .lJI
~ r,;; J~",.I} ifJ v.!1 P. / Jlli/ r" 2... L C)1.::.,lj~ vi.l .lJ'

v~

=~

-"U
2... v'

2... L c)' j LA u'Jij ~ JIP" ~ ~jLL J)


.lJ' C)ut ' 'J.,J.I 'J;-/
J.t1 ~ .JJ ~ ~ J ~..z I)"
.I; Yo .lJI s: Lir ,-r J~ v! Cii ,.f C)~ ~ J;;-Zs'.f J ,..,..
.::.,-'.I
L C)' ".I"; rttJ~ ._Ii" IJ / ~ J;>/\' ui'J6J ~/-; v' If.!I

-r ...1
.

4.1' = cJ: (j!J, v.!' p...4'/ ,; (if J1~~


~ ~ 4.1'-/ J.t1 ~ J~~J OZ '-,..,..~;;

.liJ;;-Z-.b;;
L C)I LY)t; ~

C)~

~udlj ~ "ko' -: 'f- ~ oJ/( [-11./.' ~j J~.I?


~ui1/ '-" uk)! 't/.t1 (J!J, r C)t; J (lSi L ~ J~r.I.It?-: V!.!
~~ ~ U?-V -~~;
v! )'..t' ~.li ,:,t; ~j r c)' .lJI vt i..I- .::..-")!J,
" ~ ~)!J,

r ,:,1;~i )--/-:v!....5.1i/i ,.f~ j~'t;)..Ju; L ..::.v--1.1~ -: '-"


/ f J) ,:, ~C ,.f uj; .IJ' ',-r )v./ -: Po L d ,.f u?-v_ti {:;.I't'
(25)-V

(5)
)1; ~

('7 ok-- ~,

U,)I )JI

Lr v! C)c;..JP. ~./t~

101

J~-J11 ~~~ eJ~j ~

ei

_Lf I.)! ~jLJ. J:t_/I Jy.)J


~j J~J.t1 L L)';I
~Jj

Ji; J/. JL)J!)


Jy. Ji ~ --?JJ J)(jJA )JI JIP ~

I.)!..u.- VI ~I

f I J!-:--?J~ If":"~~
I.)! c,t~J.t1 IfL)J:t)i

J' If" Y. JjlJ~J J~j )JI ~/I~

L)y'!j -~)Ij

')

I.)! ~j

":,,J91~

Itt,J'f' (/- 'JIJI~;J/ ~J)IJ~J Lifo L

Ifc,tl.1)1 I

JJ'IJI ~

~ )~L( ~

J?- :t.f'If"J)IJ~J

Jc,tlIIlJ

vI

I J11

1f.!1 y.lv IJIu J{ 2_ L


J'c,tl 2_ vI -I Jf bA1 r ~jLJ.
.
,If

If.! '-:1' I.)! ~j :t_ft 2_ vI -I ~ J{ ~ ~


JJ' ...s. 2_ L IJI~ .J. If.! 2_ L Jj ~ ,,:,,1 ~j -JJIiI. ~j
I~1J~ L vI L11 L/ P .:::-.?I J) J~J.t1 ~ L cI" -I
-7- Vc,tk:':::-~ vI
(JP IL)y,..JJLvI i 7- L11I.)! ~jLJ. JJ{ JI~
L11Jv vI )JI ,J!_~ Jk.~,Ii JvI IUi~ f 7- L11
i k"')L )~L( fl11

I)

L/-'
,I'"

J~Jk

J vI

If" J/}i

-~

tfJ~I

'70~

f 7- L11( IL)rJJ L vI i 7- L/

,r/ f7~jLJ. L)~

Ift) If" )'l L)}V J)J{ J' c,tl.tlrL vI U )JI 'f- I.)! If-,?
J~~1J1P c,tJ~ .t~ fl.)! ~I vI ....;/ -IA L/ L ~J.(26)-L[~

LIp
147 V:)~)JJJr.J'LJtr~'~-1
-2

Bidwell, S. . :Swords for Hire London. 1971. P.12S.


125 V :"~I -3
131-125"" : "~I -4

102

l>\tbpis, AJ.

:Hindu

Manners,
Customs
and
Ceremonies oxford 1959. P.679.
679

676 JJ)')

J; ,,;,i S/-

v:"~,

-6

j~(~ol?-7

144V )~)J J'J b" .J L

1957J'J (~;

-5

V :L~JJ

-8

:/- If /--9
V

171-169

-10

368v:~
675
173-

V - ~J~i

).J:!'

v:

L~JJ-11

b)C -12

..::.v"~)

Molcohl'J,Sir)J.:A memoir of Central India I, Shannon,-13


1972. P.265.
'

('~ -c!J'j ..!.o-:!') l)il? .R' b)C -14


..!.o-:!') ......~ ~/.:.14:/...J!i;; -15116-115v
J

('~ -c!J'j

240-238v
-16

Gupta.

H.R.

:Later Mughal History of the Punjab.


Lahore, 1976. P.1l3.
404v()~~).Qm'b)C

-17

V ((y ~): "~, -18

136-135
f1962

~f/(~; JJ;f) tJ).J:!'

d~:

jlJ J ~ /--19

52-51

~)40JJ'b)C -20
122-121V :"~'-21
358-357 V :"~' -22

113v(y

135:/-

If/- -23

103

,
290-276-2751.1: ~

2161.11:(

L-24

J~i.lJ:? ..::,..-'~.I b.lC


217- 1.1 :,)"

-25

-26

104

LrliiL.J 'i-'...f! o.J'~v! ~ .J oj;


u! ...f! ,f u/} L ifr~ .JJ' (J/ L.J 'i-' -:-JJf ,~"' n"
up.V .I} JYUJAt!'tj y. '" I/V"JJ ~ .:;...Ui1j ,f eJ' ~
J;
t!;-.J.;:j L eJ' .:;...do .JJ' i;. LJf Dy U;~L uJ;:.J( L .::,,;,.JJ'
((i;'.:;... '-;~ ",.I} L J'J.J J;~, 'i;. t! 2... ~ ~'.Jj (Ii L
.
_t! cf. '-.1'2... L L.J':/ L J;:j,feJ';:1r 'i-' .JJ'? .
.JJ'" .JJ/ j'J; ...fi-JiJVL '-;~ J~I .JJ'(" ...fi...f!-:
J~J ~~ J u-~ .:;..."j'):./4 JJf ,~ v! 4 L urllt' ):,f v'

L J'

J.J -J~

tt'

L u';' .JJ'~ ~ ..:o'Lz ~ ,f U.,).~ f ...f! v' LeJ'_;;; .JJ'


4( v' .J.-~ .I.JJJ "- ('I fJ} Y..:."y JJ JJ: f ~j J_"::'
L ~j -J~ L UJ.J'J' L.::,,;'L v~'L bii (.Ii v! '-;~

.,s~-:

'Jf/ J{ ~,

v' p.l~;t.lJCi"", eJ' Llf


L r" .JJI'-"':'-~.JJ~~ L vI f

.tGu~j.:;... ~

.JJI if J~' 2... ,;-' / -J;


v! .::,,;,,f C)I-J/ eJ fifuLi ".:,.~ vI

J1j /(1' L eJ~J~


-4.11 ~.J':/ J;:j,f C)L'J cr'

",.I}

(lr

if" J,,:,,'
.JJ' 4.11 L~ L~~GtC;, v! <' ~J,f O.J'~ JjjJ

.I",

L tt",. if.u- ,~" lie \''T-I/ ~, ,f v' f 'T- ~ Jf,f-' ~ -:"'


.JL..:."y ((( eJ' .JJ' i;. 2;.v! ~ oj; L ~j -: J;; ~ ~ 4.11 I)

105

"'f- ~ '- ttA~"Ji;I ~ f 'f- C~tf,j ~k"~(t ~r cJIz: VI IiCJf


~ tt~IJL~JL ~)L ~l'

tI- tt~IJL~"JP' ".Ii" )JI ttcJlI" t?" tt~

J'. cJ~)J L <,):) ~ )J' )~~/. Yot(A~~" Ji;I~ f 'f- J~,j


cJ!<l)-l J~j J'. J~ Ifl ~jI ,J Ui)I~ ..f,[ -'7- Jjj '- v' .:_
Ji ,-:,y (t ~~cJIs:Ltc () ~ IJi;IV'L tJ) I~ cJlV(J L
t'J

JtiI~Yo'; cJ~JJJ'J LJ ~Jj ,-:,y Ji ~..f i'Jf)?

,-I

'- -?J,J
(2)..?-.1 '-~"
,J J, -i'J ,J V' )JI 'f- JJf '- ~ "N.' ,J Ui)~ v! b)C'
UJ-~ )JI "":,,j ...LJ' ~ v!tJV L/./'7 -~ '-?: L ur~.1 cJ~
~ J'. b)L(3)_~ LJ'Jf.a1'I,..L UJ-~ ~ i V:Jf vfo. cJ~)J L
(4)_" LIP')~.::....
, (t

L ttLt..
t'" Yo':_ C1o.v-'" ,1689 (H' V,.
L'A~
.,,.,
(2)

if #L L l:) )1-/ )J' ~ LJ'Jf (jIJ. J)). tJ.I'~ J'. ,'N.'


~ ~cJI':')J IiC~J~ ;;'- (t L tttJ...v.j'''
.IJ'~ LJ
LIP.,,1.1'1
k..

~'Jv! uj ~ ~,

,..,..,~I /

..r.'

....i1V L -A ""
. '" )L~.Y
.. IiCJIJf v-

,JcJ'A J'. ,:,Lj L -A ~ LJ') 'JLJ tJj~ (jiJ'. d" ,:,Lj .IJ'~
'- if.v.:J)L~.YJ~ J'. J~ L c/J ~)t ..t~,J ~IP ~LN

Lv'

)J'

Lf,j I c/JI l:)),-/)J' L~ JJ v!li J~} J'. c/J

-JfJI,..-i v!LJ

~/uj~
,.

'-/.; ~ ,J -if tJ)'~ L uJ..; If~ JIJ L.Jf J'. cJ~~


~ L cJ' L~ .. .. )J' ~z JJ)P,J J- tJiU,/. ~ LIJ ~'J'
_t!~ LJf /( ;J) 4- J) J ()i~ L ur~ i LJf ~,; ti v!
k..:A )JI t! ~ L.Jf J~J'. e L ui)'~J'. J~ JwO'~ /(
if,:, )JI,J d L L..::.v-~ if j,:, Yo,f c/o ~ J) ~I -f' tJ)'~

j~

106

~ C" e7- J li./ V~L if.J' /1 jj.J 4- OJji -:;) L L ';'1) J ~'.J
~ 2.... L ui.J'J;; J.} /1 jj.J 4- ~, -~ C! " J~J:. OJ) v'
v' ~ if.~j y~tJ.J~' ~ Y JJ J.j --fi J'[ y~(J~
v' .J'V .J'V L uy'!j -~ C~~j '- .-3,;-' I~L.JL..;.,.f uz:
eyv! ~. L -.$. u~ 0do L L" J~ J!cJLf v! ...f!
f!" J~'J;.- J:.~. L..;.,.f SUJA~! .JJ'UJ.J'~j Yo ~ v!
f!~JJ...J)./. '- .:vjtJ, Yo ~ ~ V~J c,.J1V,-15.JJ'./. .;:;'j?- ~
J:. if.~J~j J:.~ 0:' --fi f -d'v.J'J;; L /"t9 J;I cJ' s:
6- dL~ --fi...J/" Yo J~,?- Jf;J (j J ":""lJ '.;:;~.;:;'j
..;.,.1~ ~ ( cJ' 2.... VI ,..f If15jJ.J~' ~.Jj L.JL..;.,.f f i:.. L"
.J~ ~ (J) --fi':::;J 4.1' v! cJ~J~ i:..?-.J v! -.$..:)Iv ~ OJ ui.JL
C/~ JVJ2.... LcJl.tlV ,;-' L/ j'1v.:)JJ --t.JjL.JL..;.,.f OJ fui
15.JJ/ ~ OJ .JJ'~ if.15J.;:;/ Jt; ~ fJ} 15.J'~~
0-' ~
,_fJ.;:;~ '-UJ.J'J~.J~' ,-J V '- J..w'i f J..,i ~, fif.
,-):I ~J.J ~ JlJJJ' OJ ~ _ J (~~,J:. ,-}b-- ,-,.JL L.J
~J~' 0-' ( V' i Ci J,'J/ J ..;.,.1 J:. if L SAV 15.J'J;;,j'
(5)_" ~ '- c,j S.tr ~k'..v J.j Jf 4 C!

t"

u-

u-

(3)
JU

- ... ~...JJ'/ v- ..
v-c/J

f'M' '(.J'~ f
V

l'

J ..arvL v' ~jf Sui.J'J;; i '''.Jl


,-JJ~i

t:;._
,y. ~

Iv t/f ~y fk
-

J? J:.~ JvJ ,'.1 J.~~

J:. e.fLJJ~'- ~ f ui.J'J;; f" ~ ~(AV

)t-/ ..(~

(6)_v.!'.JLJ'~o'J:LJ.JL";"!
v! ~~.J J'" {.Ii ~ ~.JL
~, .JJ' ILJ vfo. ~ ...JuvL ui.J'~ L if.,( LcJ!
-..g 4.1' '- if.'f- ~ -=- ~ 15x l,.JC ;J cJI L v' ' -'-J ~

107

JI L U1d' ~L,IP r" u! '-~~L ~.i'J))~ J-fi


L
Jj') ",q Yo 'f- J~J~ d.)' u;~f';" J,jf v' J./J,I' L L')
)J' ~J)Jd

Lv'

dIP ;~ )J' dIP UJJ~fj JJ L

V' .P!L v' -" u! .:v;tJ.

-L"I:I-\

u! ~;tJ. JA j'))1)0 u f" rV/.16 -J/ dIP UJJ


v.); -fi u! (~,~, )JI ',r J}..:,.-(. ~ U)IJGJ)J' U)JL-!J Vl.t
UJJI/y J ~.::d?J )'J/ ~~, f L if. ~,~
'" J'J

r?

LIJi uA~,,0 L v' f "r IJittJ,)?,~ (t L ~ ,;-'dIP


~JJ ,;'J) Lr L l:) U)J;; f" )rJ -: u! (;,i )'0/ ":::;Jv'(7)_
J:~~ L d'" Cr,,,,f- tj...$. (~~ d''':::;J v,..f L~
~ d' 2... 1.1',] oJ;'.f ":;/":;/'::"_:d.J t ..;! d' L vlP' JJ',_f)
(8)_']

J':;

ej J~If"

~V'.P! L V' 'I,,?-~~v'.) I ~j ~V'.P! L dl; UJJ


.',f J, u! ~J/ JJf J ~ d'...:1PVI U)'J/.P!L ~ (LI '~ (L' ~j
A )'J/ U)'J;; -:..f;;_L,,)? dIP)JL-!)J' dIP I'~ )J~ u! do
(9)_L,j/tt",.;A" /J} 2_ V' u! {;,i J
(;,i )'0/ OJ~ f" );")
-:u! ,;L; LA J:t A jl))1)0

JJ'

L (g i:.. L" ~ oL ~ {;,i 4- L d' j ~ .J'v L


)L .,:;} f~ u! j~ L ~J U f,] J" ,f- ~;~, J~~
v' ~,
)JI ~j;; ';-, U )J' " r~~JjiJ, -::! ~yJ) JJ,f-' J I L v' -1)'.1
L ~J.J'v L (;,i u~ i:.. Lf(~r LtJ o.f )J' ...u~ uK.
Jk. JjiJI ~ d''':::;J V' d'~;~,J)L":;}~' j L" J'J u! J
)'0/ j LiJ dLv ~)L.,:;} u ~ f" C" If l.;!' ,.f.,.f.-" c~~
..;! d')JJ

0),

d5 dLv -: J'1/.; ~ d')'J/


J:~J/..;! A)J ~d'.f ,] ~yi S ui-J'~ ~fi ..;! c) SA
(10)_ ~

108

If.! dj al,..- L ~Ij jl.v L

Jlj ~y. ~' ~

.L.I.)Jjl.v Ojl~':;'J VI

(!)I jJI Ii

If.! -i/

i J$ OJc'L)! ..::.v-~jSVI jJI IYlJ~J!.


(1l)-~~ 1,.;:.1
J:~';-, cr./#", L).y.(~
(4)

Vif L)! ~jtJ,Sk" ~ J.}I dl; j~ ~j YJJ ~I:/...JI oj~


.L. v'.V'A L)! Jlj -ft", (t;.. L'_() ~ -~ .I'.v r c) SI.)tj'~
.::,) L)! [;tj Sk"...v J: i'JL .L.I.)? ,--;~ cJ/.jJI !t:t Lj JJ,;-'
I.)r~j Sdt:--J..t1
jJI Lf dt:--J..t1
e!/l L [;tj Sk"...v I.)}JJ~ SJ"IP

S.I{t jJI Jv. .L. L).,)I~ ~ ~ f ()I e.t~~ ~ .IJ'Jlj S


jJI

~~j ~ .L. 1.).,)1 V J~I L)! J ';-,


I .::,~ ~Ij L I.)r~.1
Ij{t

jJI 1/(#1~cJ'.L..J.,:~

r>h. ~Ij I.)~ ~

~y-I

J JL LfA..;._}

Lf

v~~~L

fJIJI.!t:t ~'y

~ ~~

SvI u f S~

.L. ~I} L Jv. ~~}

~}f J./JJ

u~

I.)b'~ L)! ~tJ L ~


L)! ~IP

I Jv.

~.I{t

i ~.t}J ~I

IJv.

fOJ

.::,j~I

JL.L. ~I.I i LtJ j{t

ii' Yo '~.f ~ Id/. .IJI~..;._}JL ~ d'

jJI.J ~JJ Lj L vI Po L

!t:t(12)-V% t{ v~ L k"...v J'.1~

JJ

-LYl ~~ L v'.J J"'J


rj r v' Po L V' 'tJ, Ij'~ ,.}JJ_jJ r v' " LYl .I} L cJ/.
L)! '--j~ L 1.)1;~ _L II.)I; ~ ,,:..Ij~I '--.II,..~ IYljl.v t.:J.I.I
';-If.J:) L)! ,.;LjL
.L. vI

J Ljl~

i ~fL)!..t1JvJ JI.I~JJ

.IJI~I}/~"

t~vl

,.}JJ~I jJI Ii JI~ u f T


~ L)! ,1804_Ii I,..-{ tJ~~

-~~ -i.l ~dlf'--J.::,~~/I.)Jjl.v

L~if

SLj
Ojl~

L)! I.)tj I~ _( ~.1jy? ~ If' (t La u.l L.::,~~


LJ.~
(13)_1i

c)J.I~I.)~t)i'

109

;:;;_'
L.f ...
j .I.J~ v~. L'-'
,.,-~~'..vj...
.rtj..(i
.. J'L ""':'
.. a
y

.,

= ~ t'J I.)! tJfo.;[

JJ'J~ A",j t OJ ~ ~~ e: L J~J J tJ~'v


..;Ljji -~t'J ~L L~ k' k. ,/nl ~Jj;( J~L 'J:) L~J .J~

'-t' U~JL1''':::",C\J-C"~ L tt~JfJ ..:../'" L v' I.)!


"ui~LJhJI u s (rr vl,J J'J;'J~Jl.PJ
45)$J vI -!J1'

(~~;

Lv' L k'..v 1'A.::-"::;U,JJ1 (!% J1.1' ~ c:fJL ~y

crJr

JJ1 ,J! ~~rJ(' "f.::-'./'#..:..1/ s....;~


~y1~.~ la f~ t".'~= ~J '-J.:4 5 L "'"1'~

~ L 1.1' Jrji

4--Jj

(14}.. ~~~

...,.::..CI, LtrtjiJr J1'J1 ~ ~ 1.,!;.dJ;)J?''''


rUJj'~
I" ...'"/
...."
k'V ~IJ~JJ I.)!P! ..~ J'V t..:-fLz 45 uiA~ u~L la L ~~
JL 'v~ .::-1 ji JJ1 ...$. v:'~1 (Uii JJIuh/ -.-->. 'In (jlJ, tJ~,L
JJ'J{ ~ u!#r JvJ JJI'it.~ .::- c;j 45 k' ..v u1' L ~ lJ, ~
tJi~d' r v'L k'vl.)!"l804J1'(~~;
Lt,L1' ..:.!{-<A
..,

-,

1.1

L ~,;L Jv. L c)1; '(.f~ ~UJ r ~,; .::-'L /


.

tf'..:.! "'

~.-'IJ} LJ'IlJ'; I.)!~I;.t!;

(lS)_~
b:)J:J'~..:..7

(5)
UJJIJ/
;:;_I;:;;_I
L U? . u./JJI V-..
?L7....;j,1 u...,l)(Uhl~
'/
,..
y
_..

."

,..u... r JL ~y I.)! tJi~ L JhJIL / ~ "'tJi~ j;jf J:.;f L 45


Lf~';

'-t'", t". L

~/"J ~

':f

f~ Jy...J
r cJI~ ~ f~';

f,J (j ~ ~ = JcJ~JPi
..:.,)= ,-fJ~ JcJ' lJiJJ'-/"J f . Lf~~1 = JJI . L/
.::-j} (~P! L ~)""J(16)_.Lf~(p.4J! 'J(p.{ IlJiJ .::-JL L
Jfl11 j~ ~ .0' ~ C11JIJ L ~/j~ ~.IJ ~ C/'11 j'~} (y

~.JL ~j ,,);: 1.1' JY,JJ'


JJ 'jij

-s

110

Z. L.flY/ ,;C';'I.J .IJI;IJ;;"';IJA 'uIL'L~L A.:_,YL ~I -v!'


-?,j ~f j ~.fr I e'.lj L ~I L.f.lL.:_,Y I)! oi ~I L U"':I~
(17)-S...J) Suj~L I~ J (lSi '.II/.

-: ~ C~

--fl l;;' j L.f ,.v eJ ~

Z. L.f ~ AV
..1'-' L ~ -: -~ CY/~IJ Jf. ~

~0L

--f'-: i:..;.1 ,.f JLil ~

It' L5"'~

H~"

;:

J ~

L L.f.lL.:_,} .IJtZ. L~ ~ ~

j~

LIJ L.f.lL.:_,y

~ o:.f L

Ij.~ l;;'

I)! UyL7..J;I .f ~ " (~

(18)1

ctf'"

is ~IJA.f Y/6- >. --fi .!

,f.! ~l.V ~r .JJI ,.,e V~ L ~I j L.f r -:


~'::;J L.f ,.v
..1'-' ,;'J2... L ,-;.I.lJ' U~J.I~ 2... L L~ ~I .I',..,Ii -~ C.fly/
UJ.I~ ~~~ L cJ' LY/ .I'''''.I!h~ JJ I)! (S ~I ~ O:.f L
)"~L5.J-?? ..f;;-~ CY/~ ~ viiI ~ O.l~;:~ CY/ojiIy/~ ~ J~I)!
~U''''.I~1i s .IrJ 2... VI Y/J!JJ...v.1)! l;)
J: vdf~30-1 JY/;Z ~J;.1 StJ;J.!S ~I~CY/t:
I Un L.f ,.v ..,1 OJf~ C~ifI)! '-A f_I .s.2/:...fL.I)! ~J
J!JUf ~ u;Z OJ" LY/ jl". t L ..:..1J1P r)' u' z. ~J.f~!Z
~.&, ,j'OJ ~ C.flY/.IL.:_,y
uP L ~I..f z. L~

~ JJ...v. tJl U'~

r~

JP ~~'

cJV ~~ It' J!J/I:-

z. L.fv.!

~. 2... L
S ,.v .IJIz. L.f?oJ ~ JIJ U7. -: C'yl [f -~ C.fLY/ ,f.! .I~
J. z. L.f
L)rl.l ~I -: _z. L~Jit ~ (j~ I)! ":".I~
,j' .fY/? -:jJ/ ~~~~Ic)JI
fi~ rf)1' ,f.!,)JI ~
uj~ (;"J .I1J:t.l .IJI.:;/JJ 'J~J JI L cJf L! Y/ 6-" (~&.I/"
~t.fo~" )} ~,f-I i.. vI z. v! uJJI<;: Z. LY/ ~ I)!

"L.I

'.)!. cl' 2... vI

r~

e'J

(19)_~ (~ ~

L L~ Ll)I

)JI

'7. b:_, d

(ft;: Z. 2/:.. LIz v'ii I)!)L.:_,yU)I~

111

../u ~ _ ~J.feyu~' ;f ~L ~ uZ r.,J jJ1 Ji


Sl)JJ.I'L~' fL.f.lJ!. .;.:-~v' Il)J~~ i LJ1 J'J v!L~
J.!: ;-1,.- L ~'.f~' ~LI,.- _4.1..1(IV' r j~J e.l~ L cJ' -4.1/ .::/.J8
JLi' ~.; l)~'" L.lL ..:.,;s: ~J ~ J; .IJ/ II.)~'(u ~J L~
~, 'f- ';:)JJv~L v' ..fC~J1(jP ~, v!' ....
A L if..IJ'Lf
~) .._i:I L I.)~' L I.)~' v!JJ... v' L.f J~J~.f '-J ~j' ~
v'~' .IJ';.1JI.I(Jv! ~..f,J ~ ~ -fI"e .1 fJI{..'
L.lL J? IJ!P. L v' J1J? ~ ~ d -~Jm.t~.;,.;-0 L J'
u ~ if.~ ._f l)1~ 4-.Ij L Jt .IJ' ,.;-0 L v' 1.1~ if.
.;v,.f ~ ~.tJ' IJ' ../v!..iJ)' '-/ JJ C~ J1JP. v! .:ci' ~ J'
(J,J 'f-; 8J~ L v' -LJ/.; v' 1]/ JJ .IJ' ~J "-' Z J;J JI
J' v' ~v!J!~ ,J cJl ~ j. 4.I.;).IJ'tOr ,.t; '~ .; ,-f 1Y
V' ~ lc ~ .:,. ( ';:)JJ ~, OJ...f ~;.1 JP. v! .:ci' ...f ':::;'JV' I
I.)].I~Lf,J II.)J~ .:-6"J' J"! ~ ~.;.::/.J8 J'j~'~' OJN!L
(20)_ L~ L;-I,.- Lf.ljj J Il)~ .IJ'
r}v~L.I'J/ .IJ'Lt.lv! l)j~ ,;-' IJLL.lL":"; (V 1.5.1'~
OJ v! if.~J F I~~.1 V' OJ~ -JJ1? ,J V~P. L v' LV
Cl F J~~(JL/.I'v iLJ1V- j~J';i ~OJ)i LJ1 !{J~.1
cJ' P. L v' -v!' J~v~ L .I'V J!
.IJ'I.)~~,J ~'~
v' ~ C~~ _;j ~ ~ L~.; ( V' ~ do J~,JI)I~.1,J I.)J.7.C
Jj /i P. L ?~
Cl. ,.P ( V' 1l).1'~/i .IJ',J JJ1(~?
P. L
.IJ' ~ C~ Jk ~, ~ --?JSif. _C.f~ i.. L '::'->Jj JL Cy'
('::'->Jj SJL Li Jr..IJ Jr. J; L L~ LJ);.I' i.. L 1.5.1'~
cU...f ":::;'J V' k ~_L~ J1 JF v- tj ~.IJ'
'-".I~ ((
1.5.1~,J(1.5/ JJA P. L v' ~ C~J1 ~ .::.->,j JL '.I{..f ...f ~

vt

f~'~

'-".I

112

(6)

rI.5v """il~-:
& v! u# '~ ~ w} d
: c,lt:--Jk

,f c,lJ Lt '-.::lu, )to/


.IL ~; ,f UI..I'~ .IJ' UJp. ('
,;1;

J.i \.f.'~J~J~JVu,fo
Ur. ~IJ'L'J{" ~, ~, ...(~
'J~ " ~ r -:-11(, 'J>~
c,l'
If '.Ij V:-'" if. vfr / -.::lu,v'A .IJ'~~ / -:-r;,~ ~'..t.~L
J .~ "

J ,,~

L,,~,;

",.,P

L c,l' ~

J) (if). JL1' ~

-~yJ
L (:,.i )to/ ~)i 1.5.1'~

v ~-.::lu,~, If V:-' L -:-11(, ,,~L c,l~~ ,fl .

r /I.5.1C1

-.::lu,)to/ /J}.:-.-t; .:-.-t; L UJAV


b~ .1)1J;jI' e: L ~ i-' L u';' f ~
-:
(r,X Y JJ r c,l' V
--1.1(..t~ r c,l'" v' Jf ,fAy(~ ~_;') q ~'.IJ' V~",-!i~
~ ~ c,lt:--~ 1.5.11~-.::lJ if.i!
.1 ,-,I. .IJ' jij ~ -: .IJ' ~
v! ~jJJ,,f~..v -:~ c,ll; (-1)1/ .I? rc,l' j . 'T-.1/0' (:/.-.::lu,
i

J}~'.I)I VJ'j; ~

v:-

-L1r (:/.c,l!/ r~.Y

If"f L /.Ir 15!t.J/f~ v! J>/ v' .IJ' ~


(~2)

/.~S V' uL.v. v! 15JIJJI~;'. JL." 11V~Lv' v! ,1806


r-:-~
V' ,,' -?'.1 -:lA uIUL V' " ="orJ.I
.IiJ '.I~ x.1..1..;111..--rV' "
;IU

Jv. L VI' ,-f";.IL~;

f1806(23)-~.J~

"

v! ujIUL c,l' u f . ~J

(t L "':/
(-I p. ~

~V
2' ..Ji ~

z.. i-' v!

J" J"x ,f C)~ (-I.lJ' ~..v j '" '1~v! UJ:/I L ~..v,~ v!


...f JI..-- ~~; -1,'/~f *"..;l.! If",,'.1)' V,,'.I' r ;{.J.I / -.::lu,

-:,fl 'I" v:- .y rvI Jp.J~ L~v' ~~.1


e~J

~ v!..$ L .I~'/

113

.lpu,~ ~.li vl;.I~ O'.I'~.'-/ JJ J:./;szy), Jv' f'YI.lJ/


-I/YI

';.li 1.11; L if. 'YIcJl; A.t .I'.v( us L v' Po L cJl; rU


L)! f1811-J.lL ..;.,.,J ..::.v-'ui L)! j~ L v' L)! 4" L 0'.1'';J po.Y
L rU Po L J~.I-J~
J~.I~. k'..v .I '-J ~.,J.Iiii { L cJl; rU

-i~L~ V'~JLr' L)! cJ' L/61UJ.I'.v l5A~(V sJ .r1


J.? ';.I,ft .r.J ~:(.1L cJl; rUn' LYI 6 O'.I'J;;.I!h25 J'" U'
~~~J~'.I L.I,ft ~, __fJ.::.J)t;' Jv' L ~ rI_L~ V
~ ..v ~ 2... v' 1J).1/ IcJl; (.of L .::.J)("f S~ -I J.t1 J /.~
L(..) J'J) cJl;.,.:' .lJ' JYI d ~,
i or- [;.,j..J~ L v' L
r,).1UI; rU L d v' ~.I...f f1816 U~ -1/if L)! ~
OJ

~J ~

YI.lJ':::;u,iJ

e )J'..} J"J

OJ

'..} ..::.v-'JJ'~ 'AV O'.I'J;;'-/ JJ f ~


(23)_rl.

(7)
u.i~ (.:)',:,.lJ' L
f1809

L)~,..J7

"L~ O'iU,/.O'.I'~ L)! f'k.'

.lJ' f1808 L U~, i 0'7. .,iju, J cJ' ~

rIL L.I.lL...;.,.,J i.t.

J if. J .lL...;.,.,J L)! u.i~ O'iU,/.L)! fl812 A .lJ' L)!


J cJ' -vf rlj..::..L,IvV- '-.l~L cJ'.lJ' JYI ~? ..J) J cJ' .::/;
v' L....;~ if.l, '..::...iJjJ cJ'.lJ' L~.I -: u~ L~ '.I'.v '~
-1/ r? L)! U~ ~ IU;:'-~.IScJ~~.,ijJ
t.l b'J 1u.i~:;.-' .lJ' v! az, ~, ::f (J{ Yo J-~.I
(1
-vf az,
..J~ L U;:'-~.I!'" (V .lJ' v! J.I.lL ...;.,.,J Yo v?u, oJ (2
O'iU,/.~ ~J

OJ

-JJ{~~~V!

114

-v!' J~)J hI JJIuiJJv:? J-~)J~


"'I!U!.)I~ -f,j L _;~ _i:.. /. ~/ JJ~ v.. ~IO) I~
e: "'

L "'

-I I!Uf-V I)!.J' ojr L U~ 1 ~IP

,_y ~

1.5}u,.t. fi L~ J1_:,JfJ; I(J{'~ -?J ut)f.~v:()Jf fJ1

J1 )G"J
r "' j,f J1(rt

v.!

U'J ':::;'J
t,)C v:' ft/

Yo

JIJj r U~ ~ -?J Uf-V J,[:r.~~


':;-f.::/f

(3

v.. ':-J W )JI~LIJ~I!

-J"~
J1(.;J/

~j~11!

U!.)f~!

J/ LU!.)I~flJ1

~~)JI,f

UJ~~

v.. L~

~J'i? _;~

L "' >. >. )Jf(L~

J{ L J"

_;r j)i.

J ~j~1

~~I

>.

v.. ffk.I

v.. f1816j!J~,,:ft

OJ

-L~~,.7(; L)~1iJ /i r ~I )JIL~ ~,.v"'


Uhf;;'!
~J;' _;~ L Uhl;;',.
..,. urL) '-',~ '-',1~ L "',.. k
, ,..

--r

If- ~1_~tJ. ~I,.-':;-'

'JI~

v.!f)!JJ

dJ r W )Jf)f)j

J-~)1!)J(JYo)JI){~JJI '){;-

JG"

'JV-

..

~ ~~

'jlt? 'j;/ J:k. '~!

'~..v ,nl z:.. 4~~


~)~
)JI t{ L Jl.~
j)!JJ7-;)1 V1)j

. (26)_~tJ.~I,.-:;-Iv.!'L) ~~~~~(;/-I)JI.JJ1
J'IJ

)JI~(;

(-f~:

i:.. LJ1';_

v.. UJ)JJ O)I~ v.. f1817

_;~ L ~I JI f Jj ~~ v.!1 ''';


S UJ)fV .f"'./t)jJ (;;1)J )'v U) I~ (Ci f S~ !S~~vI L
U"':Ij

V1'7-))O)~J',.v

S~f ..:v'~) J!i _:,"'


ty vf

-~ LJ1,f-' ~.Ji",_t.!fL ~G".1()'~

i.. L..::,.SIP J' Uil--,(;L ~f L u"':' _:,)Jf JJ1)~ i.. L .:,-.:Lr


,; 0) f~ JJ; ~j~r r( _;~L ut) f~ L J{ If- f1817-18-~ ,.$
U"':f i.. vI l.i~
fJJ! ~I,.- L el' _:,)JIi:..OJ'"L ~ ~~G"~
j
J!

u.; ~J ~(;

'At -t:-J)(.;; L;Jfj)~ L) ..(1 ..(f { )' OJ L


L~ ~ v.! ,;(r ~"':{.It ~f f LIJ)~ " J.,/ v' L ~ 'l.i
;; If- .I{ /f ~,
1J)Lfy L L ell:> !J} L l;}1; (-/ _{
)

J'

115

J~t;J;:j ~Ii!L VI u~,f OJ'-J r:f.;


~ .JJI~f.J~I '- L,r ~~"'~VcSuJJ! L VI IJ't~ v..J{ ojl
J}/ "".It Lv' v! Po J,r Jrt ,-' v! if.cS~ f SL,r .J9 (28)..0/J
f J} ,:,.JJIcS ..:A~ j ,:, L if.~AV oA~oj; a
.I J"'J(21)-OJ .JI:f 'j

8J

cSvI L u;. ~

-~.JCj ...f ';:'J oj; .--"1/ Lly L

uJi_.

L u~'v vd~v! ';-,8J V. j; -OJ ft L f '-# '-# 0


f,r vt.L8J '- uk~; JV.A '!Jt ~ v. ufo. ;L vlJ) .~
L~'- oj ~/ e' ~'v L uyJj ~/ L la.JJII(if ~ J J!._;

bV 8J v! 1'1818 -1 15.J!~L;i rvI L UJ:.c/'-I(~J~'s: L


~v L ~L,., f .J'.v ~/ LvI v. 1'1819 -I(" ~, v..,:..~.

J:. ufo. L v'r v.j; cSJ>f cSLf ~"' '"'"L.f/.'f.


rO'~..Jj ~ .JJI.J~'JJv. ~ (1(1 r vI l,rJ~ r). ~ eJ u~1(.
(29)-cS~

r-? d...f';:'Jji

LJ.

(8)

S~~J.kz
~/

L V' Jif (' j'....JtJV L ut..J'~L J[ ~I

'- ,j'':'

!',:,
!'.::./;
15}U,/. L,r ~/

~,

.,:..'/''-/

b.

.11b1 (,j, .JJI~ IA.....Or 0t.)~ L vI z_ vl,J Jz\' tft f .:


2_ v' -v.! 7-.J.lJL ..:.-i v. Lt,I.; 15}U,/. '- ..:tJ cS~11 ScJIO.l'
J~ ,-ujt,l.; ,;-' f ut.J'~ 8J .11/.-lib" ~ '-uf"V L UJ:.c/'~

J{{~'A...f,roj

,:.-./-15J'J;;..f,J

zJ'~~~j"

:L~I,-.tG.:A'-(JI

.L '-1Lr L .::Ji1P '-U;'--~ j~ j~


Lfh-' J1.1' '- vi '-J ~v r J[ e.' J '/.J,f. I~
...v

116

(L~ 15Jff ~!.J

!VI

-!,rf
;'.JJ '-J.Aft,.. fV.J~

for

(3

L J{'~I.!-.!I v! elt:--J...Cz
L LIV L utA~
~t:--J--'1.JJI
--?'.Jc",:,,1;_r,.t1 V~I r.,:..~
VI /(1' Jt:--J--'1.JJI !J
~..JI,.;I
v!.JiJ

.; = .JJIJ:_ '-J v.! ~ JI ~.JL ~j! utA~,,_j'I elY


~I o: j~ L J{'_rif .::,,;~!~~VI Yo !J L J{',,_j'I
"(I' L elt:--J--'1-'f- rI ~0.111'J~j.Aft,.. L.:..SIP .JJIelLI
4 vIA Yo 'f- ~u, oJ -fi J{',.r'.t1 v~I If r.,:..~
VI

~,tff IelLI J ~I

"'1 .JJIJIP

Jj

v! j~ L el' Yo 'f- riff luI


'.:..SIP v! elt:--J--'1~I L ~~vI! J{'U.t1
-!J ~.::,,;~!

L,y
le, Heiny and A.
Burnell
:HabsonJabson,
712.

(1)

London, 1%9, P.P.711433

V (JJI ,..,v) - (

L(2)

712v:cr~~~(3)

uff, J.G.
:A History of the Mahrattas: Calcutta.
-seman, W.H.,
1912 III, P.389;
'embles and Recollections
297V :"~' (5)
.the' Indian Official.
325 V (Y' ,..,v";; (6)
.rachi, 1973, P.367.
433-432 V JJI ,..,v
L (7)
434

v:

"~I (8)

.436V "~I (9)


436

V :"~I

(10)

117

436-437"': H~I (11)

438-437'" : H~I (12)


440 '" : H~I (13)

44~1

"': H~I (14)

451-449'" H~I (15)


297-292'" :~
330-329'"

Burton; R.G.:. We II'mgton 'c


s
,.

Calcutta,

.
ornpaigns

(Y' ,,;p)"";j(17)

.
m

In d'ia, (18)

1908, P.P.147-148.
432-430

Princep, H.T.

(16)

v (JJI

L (19)

__,v) : (

328", (Y' __,v)"";j

'iHistory of the political.and.Military


Transaction in India, during the
Administ-ration of the Marquess.
of Hastings (1813-28) London
1825. I.P.389;
.
Muir Rarnsay.:The making of British India. Lahore
-thornton. E.
1918 P.P.256-2S7.
..'
P P 418-19; 148"': d/.
'The H'IS t ory 0 f th e BnitiISh
Empire in (Y' __,v)"";j 150-148J: d/. 260-259"':.I~(20)
I

India. London 1848.

40-39'" (JJI __,v),...: "329,,,

. -

421-420'" cI (j.lyl -149-148'" : cI/. (21)


42-41'" (JJI __,v)

-....r ,,(22)

43'" : H~I (23)

326-325

If

Y' __,v)"";j 48-44 "':

H~I (24)

If .ILt __,v): d (j.l;

214-213

(25) -

412-411 333-330'" (JJI __,v).tf / (26)


460-459'"

(JJI __,v) (

L 156V II~~ (27)

118
150 t.I -e' "' (28)
153-151t.I JJ~): "~' (29)
447-444

t.I (JJ' ~)

f~

119.

"Y/ (.;J) t{ v.:J IjJ v! ':'-jLt

I"

h.r!- J ~ ,.JV ~
2... L ~IP J :# I:)~ .p. 'J' (Ii u L ..:.v-~ ()i .1v L V' j
L UjJ.f J I.)Jj IJI1:)1~ Y/ (.;J) tY/ jJ.f ;:...-;i ;:...-;i i:.. Li v! J.P.J
UJ~.I.J ()i~ JJIUJ .:.-/~ J,J 'A..:.,Y v!;'. L if. k"'~1.:;.,j;~tJ
I.)J~Ij JJI1.)1.1;~ JJ JjL..:.,Y JJI ~IP -J~j!i j~ v! ~;~
JJI

~j

L~

...fl {:;j ~ -i'J!

if. vf C;v ~

~ >. ~ v! Jw ! ~;JJ,
J ~I L I.)r. LY/ I~'p' (
LA v! JJJr J ~;JJ, v!

~j

J ~I LI.)'

JJI

Jp. jJ Jp. j( JJj ~ JJI lS/.' "' j.J


~I v! .:.-tJlP1:)1L L~ >. u/JJ
I:)~J-"1 .1v L I.)'p'j ~I ~ vfj'i
~j

(j ft u1J ~I ~ I.)~ JJIJJY/ J I.)y'!j L ~V.:.-..? J1:)1s:


;I'p' J:~J ~h-- JilPI J/'( ...$. -f,j L 1:)1s: 21:./ J}. ~I ~ J

JI J 1.)Jj'~ 1:)1s: Lj

...$.}IV JjL":"Y

JJI~ ~

~~

C/IY/~

~ v! v' ~ ct IAV L 4:)1 ";J~ p.,J. j' JY/ I.I-'! j/p


~L7. ~ dt.~.:.-..?

Jv' j C)~

if- &If

-~C~J ,.,.:>t/-I.I-'!I
{:;j)J/ .p. (JI ~

v! I.)y'!j ';-, ~I UJ~J if- P. v! ";JLr L (,.j"u -j' JY/!


1.)Jj'~ ';-, v!.:.--'IP.Ii
f j' JY/ ~'1 ~JjlJ/ L {:;j -~ 'v..J)?
JJIjlJ/ 'I J.t1 uJ J ~..J"';: v! ~ J I:)I~) ~Jk '( ~jl:l L
()i~ (16; JJI,? 'v! {:;j l)i _;JJI ~C~~ IJj~ Jj u~;v! I.)y'!j (16;
l)i~ (16; ~ Y/ IJ/ U
V- 1.)Jj'~ 4:)1 L ~I)_(,{-J' lSk -i' !
j

'f-'

jJ

120

tf JI~ L)!d' )JIi:.. LYl J1.. L)!JJJr ,f ~jJJ, ~


uf I JYl~-?JtJI,f
~7J'AV J)~C/ ~ ~ IJ'L~
L d' ji L) J~ r)'{Iu J ~IP J' U'?'v':;'-I )JI n vI )JI )Jl.!
,.;f ;;~ ~~y
OJ

Lr. (oJ ~/JJ

s'./j~

~I J) i ~ cC / ,.}:! r,;; r)'{ jJ)

_i:..L~~.
rL
? V
yo

~jJJ,

...d/.1u~r.(J.j

J'

d' ~ -?J J~

~)yI

~k-- J' d~J-'1

J":""1.-Z~~~~IjL)!Uy.j,f(' vl-t} (ft)

~J/,f ~

I){~I ~C~t/

I(r L('

Ji ~,f

if-dl)JJL'::"';jJJ,,.}:!I )JI t} JYl,.}:!

:r

v,~,

din' ~,,(J dl f~ CYl~


JI ~ ~~
s. L/
..:/JiJ, ~ 0i 41 JY< J")~ J1~J!U)'J~JJ' d' Uv' ~"
_i:..a),.}:!

J) OJ ~lil e..(~I){ I){ L


";Jlr eJ~j~ ~~ fi ~,

y. (J.j

tYr(' ~ ~v'AiLj~

urf. ,.;I;,f-'"
JYl ~JeJ~JJ' uY!lJ.# J) ,f if- AV

u~y.(

_;u; L ~I t}~ (JJJ, L if)}LleJi


?

J) d' ~

~rfLYl tf I..::,y, 2.. v' L~V~

oJ. (..1-~ '::"';jiJ,.t/,


~I~_.
0V LJ..

j~J;;.z _L/ JylJ ~

1'~)/ J..Ia...d;eJLj
,....

v.!,

L/..(~ ,.;L.7."d'

..

nl i....) IU~'("

r (15"~, J!~ _f :_/ ~ i".:}JJ eJ~jJ! t-)IJ/


_i:.. 4:-J/

?L)!U-tJ~':;'-' "IJ ~I

Y,~ C~Yl V J!

i Clo ~

JL L)!J. ~";Jlr

Ifi J!r. L

U~, v! ,.;LjL U)~


J' d' ~ _f J~ tlil J!.:}j,.}:!1 ~ ';-J"; eli' IUyJj fLYl J! 1..::'
L,;. )JI J~J -:--4~ 2.. vI V'/ (ilj /(jJ) I UyJj f t} U;!J.....j
)JI d~j -:--42..

"S.tJ
L)!~

J}lr

OJ

CYlVjl.tl

L Av J) -f"1I}.)I_a) .J"'v ':;'-, f UyJj " UJ~J

-~ U)-V' J!tYlfi L rUJ~JL,;.


)J' J.~J' d~J;;.z r I:t' d') )J' S.tJ J' UyJj d'

I}.)I_i:..L/ '::"';jJJ,;!-L

r- ,f ~

J ":""1.-Z
J.j ~ _I~;I

121

~ V- u r.I-oJ_I:)' 2.... V' 2.. L)~.1 J!i Oi~ L ":"'i--' J ~'j /l


I:)'L~~.IJ}' JIr_cr If.! jj~'( ~ O!--'J~~~'Jjj if_Ii ~)!:1'1Jv-~-f'/

(1)
V- tj.v v.J.lIJ,
L Ur. ~rV- Jr.J if-~

UJr.( oJ ~.I! .11.-- .11.-- L uJr. ( J) JI;..

Jli' V- b.lC SI:)~Jk


'(
Z. a.r Uk)~ ~ L ":)JJ SI:)~Jk r.r. (J) ~L ';".I!

~'J' .1'.,1(i'

L.f ~

'::)JJ eJ~;~ eJ~;~ I:)~Jk ~

,f-'Jr.Y ':'~ '( tj-"J~J.IJ' Jtlv._t; v-I:)'

J1..J'L ..:,v;v.;v-1:)~Jk '-.I{ k.:A

V' Ii ~.tz&.

c: .:A~

r 1:)1Z. Oi~ L ~if

2.... V' _Ii CJ1t! ,:JJ~'J

SUJr.(oJ

I:)~Jk V- ~

~.I! 1:)'_Ii CJ1

.IJ'~.IV J.j ';".I!...f'{,f

V- ;'.t' ~.Ii / I:)~Jk J' ~ L U~, ~.Ii 1:)'2....


.IJ'JJ1~; SUV" ~.I! 1:)'V- UiV L ..:,v;~.1
i v(~IP U~~'(
/ (:) '-t'.f (;tJ, IUV" ~.Ii 1:)'f S~ IS~~V' L ..:,v;~.1
/l
(1)_'-J'::':;'; V- ;'.t' ~.Ii~.If
oJ)

'-J'::':;';

cf, '~'i L 11m' 'O~J~ J'" r. L o:!tj r. (

S,.;C~'.1'1:)uJ,.,;

oJ ~.I!

J'k.'

'-.lU, (lSi .I'~f L


...f f1803.JJ"J1
t,;,J ~ f1784.IJJ~ LJ1 (jtJ, U~L UJ.I'.v~/ .IJ'
~~, ..!-.!,2....v' LJ.j o:!tj ji L'JL)('( V- U;'-~.II:)'...f~~.1
U;.-~

I:)~Jk?-.IjLuV"v-?tj
L udtj

I:),Jtj

v.!f'J1~ ~~v'lJ[
I(

1.1' IJ{ ~~(2)_L) (~ ,; .I'p' ",


v-1:)~Jk~' OJ ~ ~ J:' r. V- OJ,;r ....5.

f J1 ~

?~t.f J~'

.IJ' .IJ:?L.I~

4lGJ.::.:;.; Oi 0:'/

I(~~

(:) SuiV
(3)-1 tjJ/

V-

S..v,

j~Jk

',J.I;.. ~ UJ:t!t {/-: UJ1

d..~'~.1Lu';'

u! 'J3[.IJ'-V'

122

r? u!

IU~y. (oJ ~.J! C)I


)'0/ ,:;~~; ~.J! oj; v.. if. Iyz
L d ,J U}-~ u! f1803
u! OV I./.,.il y. f- .JJJ Y JJ Jyz d u;~ L UJ-Jl1 (:;j
L..:.:;u, ,J U,.;- .JJI ~.J0.J~ ...f Jv 36 -: Iyz(.;J/ v.. .J~.JJL U,.;'f- cC ~ ~

y. OJ~I

.JIJJIJJ

r~

OJ

(4)-'yzr ~
'z,.. z: J" J~I L (Ijl~!

':t!'

-OJY.. .JJI ~;

Jyz I~

~I

'tl

'Jt!

(V

u! u~y. (

'i;(? '~~

I'.

iF

OJ

Lyz LJ'o.J'" ~~

"I

Y.

(.~

.JJ"

Y.

'J;; '(s,j 'O-"U,I


o~.JJI ~.J! u! C)t:--Jk

'J~I

,J U~JJ u! ;. L o~ OJ"

~ I ,....r:
, .1"" I ,-yz
V'f yz.r-

oJ C)I

v.. C)I_UIL! ~t'..!JC/;....J! 1.1". ~

L._6( .s: ~

....

r. '

.JJI"!".JI~I

''.I;}.J 'j.JJI/.
-()~

CtDrilleda blackman white and made coward fight."


J[.JJI

J' '-J

Z,.. LJ'
~;

,."J/. uki "' ud~

1(:) ,J C)I-:

C)~

L U;.-~

s.Z,.. LJ' J~-:'(5)_L /;

J;;f '-

Jt:--Jk

,J ..:.:;u, Jyz (J'Z ,J


'-? L UJ:t!' ~I

-?J

u! C)t:--Jk f f- ~ v.. '-.J~ L U~y. ( oJ C)IL jy.I~


C)~ ~I .JJI v.! ~.J LA
JJ ~
y. v.! y. ( oJ ~I
tV.:)JJ /
~
r C)Iv.! ~.J L~ v~L C)~ '-/ JJ '- v~L
-v.! 'f-.J f ..:vjtJ, J~ u f JYl ~ ti} Jf ~ vI ~I 'f-

>-0/ >-~

..:vjtJ,,J '.I' '-J elf Li" y. f- JIP tj_ J!r uJ!j L C)t:--Jk
,j'~I -f- cC ~ LfCto} r ~/'Iu~t:--Jk '- J;~ '.I' v.! ~J'
.JJI? ";"~ f f- IyzJ! ~I Li' IY J/,-,JJ,j' ~C)~ ,j"...i.
L '-/JJ ~ u!....s. C)I~ .JJI v.! u! ~jtJ,,J U;~ J;I JlIf

.J~I

OJ

"'~.J

(6)_"".! ,

j ""';iJV

123

() '::)JJ "C.t1 t/

i"'::)JJ~

oJ ~.Ji c),

cf-JI~ 4,),y.('

.JJI..;;JI} L..t1 ~J ~ ~~ tf 4,))1/ V. c)I s: t'.Jj y. L L/


eJ~ y.
c),
L/I.t1 ~ JL .JJIJ..i tfJli~ 'elf '(i.J~
'.JL.,!..}y. (' -: ~ _i;_ Lif .::)JJJ:7 / (J ~
.;:,).j OJ _i;_ .J";.t1
J';-,
j ~/ .t1jJia.Jj ~ /
~.JY. ';_.Jj L Jli~ .JJIelf

v. .s:

I' I'

~I

v.

i"

.JI:/

~J

J;;j d'{L/)gJl

.JJi (Vi ~ fIe L~ ~/.t1

J\.J

v. c)V-J--'1~ L~

j~J .1~~.JY."i~1

j}ia.J"Ij -: j

V~L;i ~ ",, Lj vd/' ~.Ji...(1 j {II! ~ JJ.l:! J.J


L ",,OJ -v! J; ~ JJ L.JJi (Vi y. vi .1~(j.J J .;:,'A'y. ',-p

(0

OJ

~I.JJ'

J;;j ~1il.JJI1.t1J'e.J~ ~ J;;j oJ Po


rc1- cJ.! isJ If ~I V. 4,),y.(' ~.Ji c),

(7)-0).11:/~

(j'::)JJ

.r ~

(l.Ji

.s: L/.JgJll ~ ""/.t1 "'iL ~ ~ ';-, OJ.J." C.t1~ t/()


J';,' c), -" C/'.t1 Jy. (' oJ ~ ~ ~c1- i:...1f ~, yi V. c)1
{ )} ~ fJj L 4,)"i1f t! If-:
(i' -P tf 4,)~r.(' oJ
.::.--;!~

i:... ~

.t1JV-J~ (t

Lyi v. c)1" ~ / (' J'. c).; J -:&i JV-J~

'i- [:,.J~1/.t1 1/~ ",,OJ.JJII tt",/," (t tylL .,!..j.J~


,J'.J :"e
J.I' (Louis Bourguien) cI}.Ji. J} II~L" '" .Jr." (HESSING) J,.
~L" ~"~
~ tt.JJv.[:,.J~"~ II~L" JjlT.' ife [:,.J~u~L"
J{tt~L,,""
(SYMES)f J{tt~L"
J:J..I'v .,!.../.'.Jtt
4,)J'"tL tt~L" .J~" ;C , .JJ'tt),6"c)),6u~L" J;;./." J; c)~f..t.
,,_
(8)-'-.t1.J~
~

t"

.~

~ c), i:... L.t1


OJ

(jiJ,

J'. [:,j tf J-.:i..J ~.Ji y. J'. Jv v:..ri'

f v! J.t1 ~!/-:.::J L if." C~Ve{lr -P':::;J L

V!""~ ~/~

L.{'L,J./ (' J'. JrL

4-tf~;, .JJ'L~u~jIJ'Lv/

Jv-~ IJj

-.:vjiJ,

L/JJ":

,Jill? J'.~'L

124

(2)

I!(.).t1~J~JY f T (j I!.:.~
v'
,f ~I eJ~j I!(.)J']j ~.Ji._f "::;J v' J2 - v! ,.;1; ,,;,,1 ~.Ji' vI;
I!l;;j ,:;~~; d.7- --fi /I:)Y A .k.J.t1 v!.J oj; ~I I!1:)1J
,:;~~; o-'Ij V~L ,.J-LJI l;;!r v!..G. I!O~ -J j.t1 ':'.JJ/
';.Ji' J~ YoIi.? I--fi J~nJ)" v! ~jtJ, I!"":,,IiL JI1JJI_Ii ,.;1; ,,;,,1
V- 1:)1~ L; (t L d- V- (,)y'!j L~!) JI..c:I(lO)_~ C1J.( v1J?-"
-~ J) ~.Ji v! l;;j

':'Jt)

tt

oi'tj ~~

.,!.,j.J~J'.J(lI)_~

.JJI t;/.?

'.,!.,j.J~JI.J

tt' L v' ~ (j .:.L,lv o.J{ u:' v! ~.J~


eJ~j ~I

L Jol/ J}/ ~

~ _Ii ~.

u 1.t1.J?

if ~ jr .JJII!.J~I

J' YoA1! L
I!(.)iY

~jtJ,

L Jo T Yo (

/l;;j

.,!.,jA JI.J(12)_~J

I!I:)Y

'J/ :

'~i

1/

V'A.I)'

_;,j;f L V' -~

J.j

~..i'.;
eJ~j ~

Jv J~J'
if ";".Jif

(13)-V

tJYo.JJd~I

L.;Yo(Jj ~.Ji YoA1! L~~ .JJI.,!.,j.J~JI.J

e.J.j .Jr,.j .JJIALYo~


'.. T I:)~ : ~
_I.t1.J?
.JJI;j.J(

L;

= u L..t1.J?

~ (t L t\..f..J?"
~J : L..t1

.I?

v! 1:)1~

~jk Yo.~

~ Lfl.t1

J))if

J: 'f- c:C ~ 1/?VYov! 1:)1JI!(.)dlj .::qri I!1:)1

Ji IJ V- (
';.J}

J~ Yo ~Aj

.JJI(.)",oj

.::...t. JJ v! d- ~ Li

Li Yo(J.j

=~

.JJI J~JI1~1:)1

:t)i v! ( 0/JJ(14)
u v!(U,d(15)~ I,j!.. J
L.i f

JIIJ. ~

(16)_1:)~ .JJIife l;;.J~L..t1.J?

.JLN.Y' ~

.::...t. JJ~

(3)
C)t=--JP; L

Jf

v' YoL.~1/~(bt' fi r (.)i'J.J.Jr 1:)1I!ife l;;.J~

V- 1:)1

125

",,-,.i' J ""-".11),S cJ~JPz "-

v' ,

vi L

Yo(

[;,j

...fI ~

v!
U"k-' S OV

"- UJYo(oJ '-/ JJ L V""~T C" ,;'.t'~ r ~j,


S cJ~JPz,.j -J" Jrt ,,-' v! j; ~fi V.J~' ~'.J J ..!-r ~
~ Yo( oJ ~.Jt ~ eJ -T Li .11/ (t r v' If'.;U!l) ~fi v! b.JL
ji .JJ'S.::/;JJ, SUi!/ J~~ J;I .JJ'1/~ / J.t; ~, L if.
-,-J i .::/!.J~ J} .JJ'J';; ~, .; UJ} eJ f'(' "';0 v' v!
-,-J.....5. i..~, y, J} .; U,{ '" (f.....5.e: L UJ""
9 JJ U U~
!.t; SV' J ,1797 _!i cJ~JPz v! ,1781 !,1780 V""~[;,.J~
ScJ~JPz .JJ'..:..111,L cJ~JPz ,,-' v! cJ'.JJJv' -O.J:! v!.....5. ~j,
1/ !J v! cJ~JPz .JJ'cJl; if (lSi v! ~ L V' J, t".r;/.::.l!tj
'f'",;o v' eJ v!j; -vi~;JJ, SUJ.J'J/ )'-/ "-.::.AJ L"._:;;
/.;k LV' e: L ~ V' L~ Sri .::/!J';; ...fI~, f
/ J;J/ rV' j~"::;JV' T e'J v! ~)'")~ L/- _j~ r.;kr -1/

/ ~ v' "- V' L V' 'M~ ~"j~'/ -:v! L V""~_~


r v' L uJ~~L U~ !Jf.J.?"' "0.1/" L v' v! ,1797 -V~
/ UJ~~ JI;.- (j k ~V""~-JIId ~ VJ.I;.- "- o.JJL-!OX
S,.$ L V' !b: (I;.- o;f/ ~,/ ,J~.JJ'~ J ..;.!"' .;kJ '-J d
.JJ'cJW-- Yo! -:"- Sif.!V ..::.v-'.JJ/uJ.i' S!.JJ' Jv.:://
[;,i i..L ttGJL ~!.J ~, L V' V" tt,) t"J~;k.::.A ~ J~i~
fV = (r~ v!.::/~ '-t' L ife -~if~.?~ ",.JJ'J~ J'~J'
"';J~ V!,L~"J; v!.....5. Yo-1/~J..v. r~ i.. L U-t1~:;'-'
~J

"::;J

~J

",. ({J;/ U~

o-"J L;cJ' Lie '-.JL

L"

t./t / ~'fy --:~ r v' P! L LJ ri / ~


v'Lv'VJ7

",.J-t;-Lv'i..v'J;p~(

Lj Yo.JJ'~ L~V'J'

-lJ~oJ
~,v! .;k

-:"-,,.j_~

126

fIJ O.li' -: J'. JIP '::'-.1'" o~ S cJ~J"'" fIJ k' " ej'.t' ( .::.-~
L f,Uj .::?tJ lut.lA )JI L~ I/;_;~ I(:;j ~)j L ...b. ~
"i

U.l~.IL ~1~ J'.,;C~'.1 LVI 2... VI L~~ t,GJ ( .::,.r'~

(17)-v! J-~ S "':'~7cJl~

()L~;S v'.p!L,;C~I.I

~Ij L (:;j S V'.IJI~..v ~I.I'::)JJ L ~u,


d S~

S~jiJ.

,,-I L

J.f1 (?z S ife

~..v JJI ~tJJv~I

(~

IcJJ.6 )~lf

~ 12... L )tt' if?1j J'. cJ~J-'1 y.cJJ,6 J.?--~ ~ J} L VI


Ji ~!if JAI));I oju,/. "- if- J'. ty.". Sife ~I IJ~.1f

ft I.::;,u, S ,/e f~ ,M-:"- J'/


~ I,/e

Lif-I/'f!- f cf..i)i.

S't!'..v L

e: L J..l;.o L v' {~L~ 1

S~ "T'jl Lf JI#~ j~I..f. '1801-: )JI Jf


~ '-y"jl
J~~I

v!

LVI

,1802 .::.fI22

Jf.Jq;'

t:"-VI f '-J

"".3 S ~L ~yJ.Iiii ~I V~ L VI ~J
dJ.tf~~

VI 2... VI -~;
~

VI -~ _;)

J{ .::.-G"iJ.Sv'ul.;:_~;V.l~-: ~

u.f! SL~~;;j J11_f, S V' -?Ji ",,,1t.f IJ

.::.-IJ~l:)~J-'1 L VI f8)
(18)_1)

J'. cJ~J"'" Y J'..I{ (Y- J'.

r::f (.7~')JI I) Oi.,,-J'J) X~j O.JGJJ)1uc.l


(4)

~ v! C)f 0~Ip ~J:.57. L ~dy


I..f. ,'.v.' 'I" I~ J'. Lly I..f. ,1751 Ji.01
'::;'J VI ~r l:)~J"'" J'. ,1778

vf ~jiJ.

J)

I.)! uJy. (

(;,i ~.It.

- cJJ.6 Y JJ)JI I) Ji.oj-fi

JIj LVI

J.j J'. I)'J.I.lJ'

~ 4f,,-12... VI I) C~k' ~ rJiJ. f Oli 4f!' J'. J;'~I..:..-:!'


oJ )JI V~iY ),. ( (!IV IJ.i L J{ LvI v! ~f v'-if J ~..,.,.I-I(
';{r ..::;...
U~J.jJl ~
(t L uP~~.J

,fi fj~

~JtJ,

-:

u! f1783 -vf I".::.-L}v

L J{)JI uil/ JIP ~, L J.?-; )/c.p.,

cJ)J

u~

127

-= v! UJ.I~.IJL

v' _~f ~ ~ U~J -= ~J 1,p J.lt;,..


~~ ~, i Cf ;-v L ~ J.lt;,..L J[ ~.I! JIfi f j ~'J.I
.I!h.I~L v' Yo J~ ~ .I~.IJL ~ ~ -?J v' IJi. oj _Ii C~
~ ~~eJ,f Ylt.l Jr v~L Ji. oj ~ V'09>-t)J) ":">Jj v! ="orJ.I
-~
Li~jJJ.I'Jo.lGLv'uk.IJ'Y
v!~
J (;fJJ,' ~') ~ efi' "Yl ,;'J.I -!~SJJ Ji. oj ~ ~
v' eJ) cf -= 'f-Ih)yllI r .I'r}'/L cJ~ )--/'~..v J. .I'JLf
.::.-,~r.IJ' cJLvr v' L UJjij v! -=--'.1 -1/~ .I'r}'/:L. L a ~
+SL uJ'!l L ~ V o.li; f ~~~,
v! Po:L.) o.li;
1/v~L ~v"v.PoLL~Yl(}P L~ v' Ji.oj
cJI;--J~':;J

cI-

0/ JJ eJ~ L .::.-,~r~,

" v' ~ --lIlY' r U~ efl'~' ~

V' .IJ'

_vfJ~IJV.z

r~

~ ;..1-= s:~ Yl
v~L v' ,..p. v! .::.-viv cJI L Ji. oj
~, eJ -"-).I~' .:/;iJ, Su;~ JIP ~.::.J> SoJ L -=l)eJ f
Lv' d S~ S.:/;iJ,L ~y J..I'JL~' fli v! tt J ~ 0'
.I'YlL="orJ.l8
e,f Sl)i~ '''-).I~ (:.,j...fi eJf~~~ -= -'r}) J} "'J
d'i S{;~ j;l. L Ji. oj ~
L J} ,;~L.I!k ...fi ~, .IJI JYl
-S.I/" ="orJ.I
~~~jverl S

cI-

J~~-!~S~ y J'.I.::,.JJJ.lJ'~ V J..I'JL _f V/.ll Ji. oj


r.::.-~
V' i St=" S{:.,j ~I ~ L V' L~'J ~ .;t r cJl;--Jk
~ .::.-~
(j...(l v! ~V-J~ -= _L e,:l ~ Uk.~/l)i~/i flh J~
v! {:.,j J V'(20)-JYl ~ '::'-JGo!
,j.v! (;,j J v' ~ -?J J vI eft
(21)_ 0:l)i~ LYl LUI. ~ J{.IJ' ~ 1,jr '~.Ii 300 /IV'
.I!k J'J -= v! jf 1,f fj._f .I!k 6 ~ 4 e,f ~I S Ji. Ijj
J.,z ~f J~.:::....
e'.Ij "-/ JJ .IJI ii~~,eJ~ L v' -I ,f Yl.I'YlL
~.1

128
(22)_j

vf ~(pu,,' f! V- (;) J~~ L v' :.rT ....t.J1(~I(Ji. I.5j


:e -~

Jf t J!.J~

-,J J~I.5n'.;,' JL v.!' L~

1.:)'V- I.:)~J~ L I.5v 4.lYl.Jl),

I(

YI

-~ C~~ ~J I;f I(ci!j ~/~

Jj v-....t.f!

v.!'

U'~ .JJ'')'
L~YI.JJ)p ~ f!

-,J J~I.5JJ'';'' JLI I.:)'.tl;L1.:)' ~


V- if- ~~

J! ~~,

_
_

L~/ V-..b.f!

I.f' J! 2... L u~j V-..b. I.:)'~


(23)4

_
JYI

Jj;J~ JiJ 4 V~L v' i T 1// YI;~ Ji.l.5j ~ V- ,1895


,J J I.5J~~ ~.JI j~J~ ~ I.:)'.JJJL (g ,;-' L V,,J ~.J'p
)'(,.L v' U}JJ ~ -,J )~Jj -fI.Ji ~ J I(j -fl1( V' ~ if(24)_:L.J~
~iI.:)~J~

V- ,1780 f! 'YI~ ~~

L L~ L Ji.l.5j
.JCOI.J}I(uh~ J~L k"y
I(V'~

J--:iJJV~Lv' 'YI )~f


~-~
~i J 1:1- i:--:~
L?-, )J' ,)t 'J}.Jt 'J'J'~ J~'.JJ;.JL.--\;;!j
v' -~ ':-J l;;,j ~, I.:)~ L ,,;CJf-'.J.JJ'.J~Jf!.J{;'" ~ C/ J~J
~ V- ~ L v' 'e~J~ ~ 'r" e~ -~ j;J~.J 'li 32 JiJ 16 J?I..J,.;1)('" I(
J~ 1.:)'.Jj;l{ ~/(25)_~ C/ 1.5.J~I.:)LjL ~ ~, ~.Jj L iff! ~ Uir.::J LL V,,J AL ~.,J.J.J!h e.J~ e"" SvI ~.:.J>
i.Jj

eJ

_eJ

.I); ~

I.:)~J~

25 eJ L ~{tr ~
eJ

~,J

..:.v-~.J.Ii~ .J/p ~ 51(VI", V' ~ Cl. J?I..J


~.,J.JJiJ -{, ~i ,.;~LJ V' ~ V' -~ C/ J~J
(21)_~ .!t' I(j;J~JiJ 5 V~LVI i 1/~

(5)

.JJ' JJJ LYI

ax L J[ V- 1.:)~~...11;

I(UJf!(

oJ ~.JI. 1.:)'

129
JJ

v! 1'1803) '-J d /tjJ.6 L,_g

"r

-1/
vI

J.7. f ~uk I" "-

r u~Yo(" oJ "- tjt:-~ 0' ~v L vI


~ L v!.:oJ1P It' ~.
J;,fr j ~/ u;'-~ Jtjt:-~
"- tjt:-~ j ~) ,,~~ ~v L ..:)
JJe~ r} It IYo ('
.JJJ

.JI~I .

,.:.! "'

-~ )

L J{'J

uJ ~.Jt. 2._

1"J~j
v!.tj~~~~
) '.P

(1)Philip Mason.:A matter of Honour. NoTWl"C'l'l.


1974.P.29.
(2)Herbert,Compton :European .Military Adventurers,
Karachi. 1976.P.9.
(3)Shelford Bidwell :Sword for Hire. Lon~o~-.
(4)C.Grey.
197J.P.ll.
7,f: ~~ (5)
:European Adventurers in Northern 338,f: ct:1(6)
.
India. Lahore 1929.P.2~. .
. ,,, I
48v : ~ (7)
222,f :"~I (8)
12,f: ,-/(9)

H.G.

Keene.:Hindustan under free Lances.


. , Shannon. 1972.P.P.13-16.
11,f :

(10)

"-J~

(11)

6,f: ,-/(12)
371 ,f :

J: 1(13)

364-358-357-351-347:'"' "~I (14)


13,",:J.J~
400-398 :

J: /(15)

339-388,",: H~I (16)


-189178-157-141,",: H~I (17)

130

216-183i./ :"~, (18)


22 i./ :"~, (19)
28-16i./

J.:J~29-15 V: "~, (20)


68-65 i./ :J;1(21)
77 i./ :"~, (22)

106 i./ :"~, (23)


100-92 i./ :"~, (24)
248 i./ :"~, (25)

215

.r "~,(26)

131

:1I-~ .',/."'."
- r: - .. 4 tf., ~1}:.)JJI.l~1
.1
,-I v-~V'JPi'-..l.~ ~'VI
?-).1J J'I):. tJ/} L tJk u _LJ'Z /~ ~..:)~ )JI~ J-:'.l/

uV-JPiui

If' )JIif)~I/)I}1

J~IJ~)JI

~;lrV 'cr 1:)") r tJk L tJ~l

L I);/.IX;; i _;JI L)JJ JI..&:I-~ J'Z ( ... J:. ..:)~


J~12....L ~V'JPiJI I}:.lfl Oi _; )JI)~ r .::.Jj jJ _;
)JI'f- crJ

1P. I}:.)~
)JI

J:~"-~

~t:-tl '...f I)V v.:J)~1~

;;~
t

I(';:'Jvl"f

L;:/. t.-h-- )y?


(1)_Z-

v.:J'7

-v.r a ~~~
L ~)IP

v~11(

oj 1;:1
I(vi '~

15/.I/. I}:...:)~.s c)V'JPi

cC ) p,,) ~ 4f1~

..1):. '-AL '~I; pjIJ/-IJ'"

~I 'JV'JPi

L If'Po'f- CJ'Z~J;~I

~~;;~~ L tJ~JJ:.~; L I)V v.:~1 L cI J.I


- ~ ~
~I 'f'f- '" J:.'-)~ L p.
0;z,-.))JI~}Uil u ''f- JJ'Z"..;f 01ff!" J~ 0if- ''f- CJ'Z~IJ
Po")(;1 L 1f;J~)JIj,1}! u r.) If')JI'f- ~
r~gllV' )JI
f'f- LJ'Z JG' vi u ''f- cJ u/'v.r e..~-t)j L t!'i.' L 'vl

r J' ~~ '"~~

(2)_)p,,!;)!1P

tJJJI

If'

J:.~V'JPiYo..:)~

vlr
~I
-~?I}:.tJP.,f ~
I(~V'JPi

_z- LJ'Z

ifu 'if)~1

J'"

L if-,J ..:)~SP. ~I
2....1f1

L J)j )JI/lr-'":,,JI

~jJ~

'..;..G

'f-I))J/'"f ~L,;J ~/'If' uk

C '-.:)~
~JPif

_;I)I/.~ ~I';:'J

.r

15J ~

)JI~j

L fyl

(Ii 0-" )JI

L cJJ)!

j;rJ 0:"" )JI~

)JI

vlr

L ~I )JI 0it/

t')j (Ii L )i~ If;

132

v;L if.~cC1"~ ~ if.. - ~~ J ~.n' ";:".IA} ',/- ....p


(.? L1'
v!.If ";:".IA}'~.I(".-L ~JJ 1.1' y..IJ'~ ;~".I' I('::)JJ
Vi' -{eJ'}7J L if.'~[if2 ..;:.,'AI .IJ'..;:.,~~
'u~Y At~ ~ c
~ I UJ1(iJ'.I; ,Jv~ L if. .IJ't.! jJ1";:"~,J uill'L (l)' J
O;Jll(...p,J V' s.T-AU: y.t.! ~~,J (.If v! J.~ L v' -t.! JI
:cJi~ 2... v' -t.! j.fZ~ .:.::-.j~.IJ'PJ/v! if. -t.! jJ1 Ji
,}'- vJi eJY ,J eJV'JPi"b...'JI(eJ' '- J;~ j).j i Li v! eJV'JPi
"
eJ' -t.! ,J ,.y, .IJ'Ati' ~~.I' y.IJ.'J I ~~ J~";;; 1.1' L U';' .IJ'
L J't! I eJl), ~~ ~ 'v? uiJJ ~j~ .IJ'J!'v! ~~ 1.1' 2... L
? (Ii2...LLb:...;'it-{)J,Jv; {/J..c; 't.! j1'r~..;:.,L;,y(1i
~1'r~J't! J Jv; J'ij .IJ'JI.? y.~~ 0:' ...p i:..Jft". v! V'
LU";' i J),t".~1 UJ~ 2...0" 'T- ti~ tJ.1( wfI A ILl;y' ,-'
-Y1'.I~'{)}Y/~~v'
.IJ!.",..;:.,~
V' OJ '-":;J,J do Iv? If..;:.,~y.J
0/ JJ OJIJi L V'
1.:)' v! J..c; j-"f .IJ'lS.I~J.l1(
,J 1.:)' L~ If.l!?'; J..c; V 1.1' f L".
V' .IJ'.i...;;:-~I:.l. {.Ii' lSJI.... '-1.:)' OJ 2._ v"~ [~'- ,.y, "b...'JI(
/ .::&..;:.,~ -=--1.:)' .IJ'U"./.'/.
J;~ tJ.r- Jl .i...;;:-, tl;y' I.I~
ji#f ,Jdt.v A.i...;f". ~ If J'J v! ~ 1.1' OJ ~~ ':'.IJ',./L if.'i:.. L1' ..;:.,"/,J 1.1' OJt.! OJ"-' 1'J~~j,J (" L ?
JJ1 ~ ....c; ~ lSAU: ~,J ~ 't.! j". cJ~I.:);"J' d; J eJ~ v~
, -~~t1"~>'.I~J~v!~}IrZ,?-~
,J";:;'Jv"t.!
~":;J...p,JL1'.I!?' IJ.;:;;) ;j' ~It jV'JPi 'OJIJi L 1.1'
.IJ'u.t?- o~ OJ 2._ 1.1' -I j". f .:;,-I. i.J ,J d' v! ,.'M' f 1 If
L". ./t:- '- ..;:.,}Ir
V L 1.:)' OJ'-":;J,J if..i... ;;:-.1 ~ v! ujIJi

e-

oj '-

.. ..

_Lf.ll.#l,-I.lJ1

133

j.Jl{ ~ .JJIif ,f-

uk-- S (

"f v;

L ~I' I.)! ~_,;


(( s' V- ~I 2... VI -~ z: / ~J L (~J~ 2... L .::-~!/
eJ~j f if jy; ~ f S~I .JJI~ ;.1 cfj j.Jl{ u '~,f- ~~( 0;/.
'L~1~J ';-,
~IJ.JJI L~ Jlf..:)JJ
J .::-~!/j.Jl{ eJ~j ~
-~ ?-.J.f' ~ J ~ ~I .JJI~;.J .::-~ 7-~ (~J~ ~ 2... VI
~ L~ y; .JJJ.:A ~ ..:,j~ Vtt.,I.JJIJ;:;_I"'Po
L Li ~~Jk;
..
"-' .J1j/. .::-/lrV 1;;' v! '-/lr j.?1 -fi rv J> 2... L ~I .JJI
~It.

'v.:~

I ".

d~S~~Jk;

eJ

~I -~

Cn I~ iJP J:~Pol.)!

J~j S ~I 2... VI 'vE-

L ~I Po L 1r.J V- '-/lr J~ ~ 4-J -~ L.f'" ~ u~J/


-I.J1.J.JJJ~ u#.JJI UJ.JI'; J~ f~ ,Jt t 2...

Jj1J~2...LP

~d- ~ C~~U;JJ(I/.JJI

'u.Ju ~~j o.J~

S~J vI

L U,,)I 2... vI

(~~V

-~

~~j

(~I

S ~I s
OJ

-~ z.),v! u.,dJ. .JJIU;~jJ~ S~I uP~(II

L ~I ~ LJ~J~ ~ (~ L vI

-fi ( vlJ}

DJ

2... L

~I

, -~?-~.f'

'7-) L
y;

,f r.) o.J{ U

UJ.JIJIL vI .JJI..:;,;;f J~Jk; V- JJ


.::-~!/~' i ,:,
~ L ~J~ ~ ~I .JJI~ ~ cf. ,.p

..f,[ ~ (~I

.JJI~ ~ "-' (~

.JJI.::/f

tf:

.JJI

zC q :ti' ..k ~ 2... vI

'--1/

J:~ 1;;' If' ;.;

4 ~I 2v L ~I eJ -~ o.JV' ~ (fi.~ (II

.JJI(~

UJl?
1;lJ.J,t.JJIuJJt L if.'~J OY. ~ ~
~ ( u!.f "I.)! fl'-y'I'~ t.f'ek:oJ~ ~ ui.Jl J~ uk u ~.f' (
'~L~ J.JI ~ J~" 2... L uJj~ .JJI~jtJ. ';-, OJ f~ Jr'I
.:A~,f-I V-Po~ S)~I ~~if.. ~LUJ{../I
V-.JJJJ''-y''J1~
V-..:,j~ J~Jk; fJ'i'

~~Jk;

L J{ 2... v"~

CY;.:A

V (r I.)!.::-)r' vI

_f,[1~ (:_.,

134

OJ~.:;..1)').1;JIP OJ s:~~ 1-:/.;tJ. L Jf' f""u 1 (~ L


U~J~.:;..1)').1; J~ .lJ'I:)~ JIP L -:/.;tJ. L Jf' v' Po L v'
u! 1:)'...:1;L "y' I:)~ L I:)Y' J" L Jf')''v L ~~ tv!
J!..;:.I J:~r 1:)' .lJ'L J!iy.I J J, t,./!, u! ~;lrJr tv!U~J~
OJJr I:)V-J~u! OV v._r:i' Yo (FANY PARKS) ~~ Ji 'Lx
o Lj J~ .lJ'oj d~ u! ~;b.--jV-J~._f":::;Jv' r 7- (if
~ J} L if. (Col. Gardner);j/( J.f -~ r~~.f J}.I OJ~
:f""u L)! k> ~ Lv' 1
"fOJ~':;""::'-.1;I:)~
OJ'7- JJ1 -t.lj L I,;" G"Yo OJ~"f JI.-1.1J' l:)ilV I:)~ -f'"
L ~ L ~ (.I = .[.1; if.'7- j;G" .I; u' u! ~ v'
'(4)ttL~
r, ',._,I
I) J ...lJ
(3)-V/

7- k"ah..(d'...:IVLv' .lJ';j.l( J.f{.I} vI; L~~Ji


o;j/(J.f'v!
OU~J~u!~L"Y'I:)~
LdV-J~Lu?
.lyrC(t ( if.
JJ1':;" OJ,/ 0'1:)'...:1; O'~ If"L ~~'OJ~
HEDER) .:;.._r.i .lJ:!':cJi ...f'1!- OJ~ "f ~ "f v' .lJ' ~ ,,(...01'

-1

JJ1 .:;.. (HERSEY


u! d'...:1;O'~ ~ U~~ 01:)'.1)' 0{ ..:iJ.) JIY'~; 0uLJ tt' .lJ'
d-' -V:J1':;" uLJ d~ J!u~~ 0uIJ L;j.l( JJ(6)....J!J1
Lj ~/ JJL v' 1~I -:-->L" ~ ~ 'o~"f(AllenGardner);j/(
.J, oj OoP d~'V ~J,/ J'" OJ~0JamesGardner);j.ll(viJ
OJ~O.l.lt?cI~'~ dY; L JJml f 'f- = ~ (v' -JJ1 .:;..~ j~
L OJ~ I!-.:;..vI i IJ.'J.:;..'L u";1~ -1JJ1':;" ~ "f v'
L;jl( J.f-'J1':;"
I:)~ OJ'/'_?: (1:)'" v' 'LJ1 P J"'}
OJ,/ j '~.f L)''v ';-'.:;..
~ t,./!, .lJ'~)''v (OJ'/ u! ~ v'
o;j/( JJ(7)-J.fUJ~.:;..v'u!Po.lJ't
J"")''vL;j/( viJ
0'.1 (G" " "'r"'j ,;-' 'PoL OJ~,,(...01' .1';(5)-1

eJ~

135

~ ePfl 'V "5J~ S ;1/{d''''' 'J11v! c.I'~1V Oi~ tJJ~ Sub


;1/{-J11 J.lY L ~IJ) Jt:--J~oJ~ Sv"~ rj reP c.lV:-Yo J11

J'" 'tJ)IJ;t) S VI f~ } ",..::..~


VI /
11 Ltf S u~t:--J~ J1~J~j
VS c.I' f ~.;..
-:
r ub~ c.I'
(8)-'f- ~

c.I'~1V~~

tr..::,.;~
Jt:--JPiv!)I_';)JI..::..V' ..::..L"...J
v!u~

L c.I' .JJI,f
;j/{ L ~~J! -~ 41t.L Jt:--JPiv! J~j
V .JJI,;; v~L
jt:--JMv! .111 J ..::..IJ~'~ di.J .7;-' OJ f 'f- "" v!'-A L c.I'~1V
(.7 )JJ_,/ L c.I' 'i:.. L.Jlj' J~j
Ltf S UJJ!? Jt:--J~ .JJIi:.. ~ 11
J (.I Jt:--J~ 'u0' J Lj L c.I' s: Ltf Sc.I'~1V {-JI L cJ~JPz
.If S_)\JJ ~ UJY ~.JI S c.I' .JJIs: L~~; .d L ~IJ.J
J! -i/ ~ L;j.J( JJ(9)_v!' k.~SeJ", )JI v!' J'I.Jv! o)Ib
c.lk".IJLui.Jl 500 'V v! tJJOAlOO/ ..::..1.1V!" ftl ~ vS~
(lO)ttU11
C11 '11yf
....fi~ L (RHEINHARDT)..!,..j.J~ dl.J Oi~ L -:V.J?
~I 111rj Yo ~ VI '1JIJ i;-.J S ~ J/ Yo S tJJ~ ~ "::".11c.I~
'J11~ V ,h.I? tJJ~tJ/ JJS vI -~J",:,,1b7
r "':"~ L e~J~f
'L11 2{.J"":"'"iJ Jl.-: L uJ:t/t(ll)-,f 11Jl.-: v! Po .JJI! c.I~ Yo
~ Jt (HERVEY)'-M v! f'1680'~ If J.ttlJ Ju~j
~~
c.I"

L c.lt:--JM
~IJ.J Yo S ;.1 (.7 '-i~
.::.-'"~Jr- .JJ' J~....fi l/, (.7 v! f'yl":::;J vI ~.Jb" L L)JJ!
'J.ttlJ 'U~..f.:'tJ.JJe.J~'..::..~~
'Jr c.I~~ v! V"~)"; Yo r (.7 '1
~ .I? ~ (t L j,lJI v!cJt:--JPi
Yo j,ljI i:.. Li ctjJJ, .JJIY -?'j
'11 )1"..", u_,i~ ~ / (~Yo v!' U~..f.:
~ L vI -~ r (.7 .JI~~
)JI ~ ~ t:fl L "::"Jf-I.J
...{I Yo;C 1 {_Ji.J? .JJI~ v!' " / tJ.Jj
~I

"

'1v! ;;f L f'yl

. -v!' ~~.JltJ~~L./

136

L (7(12)-v! ~ .J114...I.(.7 L 1.1''" .J? '- (t L ~~ .Jfr


.J~J.JI ,J (.7 s v! d~JPz ~J 1.1' j~ y.1( (.7 v,...t .11,.- .11,.d' ...I.'" .JJI~,:, Jy. Jt '-UJ~ /- 'V/U{ 'Vl.J ...I. lSAt.J
L u~I/'::-~'J.J (Iid' - ojJ ojJ 'L!,J c.t! PJI ...I. '-.J~ L

f ,J -=<:~ ,J.::-~1.1' dl.JJJL

-" ~I:;'tf

.:;j..JL J,ljIf
2... 1.1'''f- ""';ilV L ",:,IJ; y.' Vl ~J y;"-:<-} .:A L (.7 L 1.1' lSr
,JL! "-:<-i LvII !,.JJI ~ L".JJJ4- L Lj L vl.JJI L 1.1'
I( JJ y. (CHARLES METCALF) .....;~ ,j.J~(l3)_<fc.t! .::-j!'
u~J~JPz,J 1.1"" U~.J ...I." I.::-.J~} '...I. i~
.J~~ '" ~~~.J
J- d.J eJ 'f- C! 1I'l5/ ...I. f1820 y.~. c.t! ~;; ...I. ~.J~ L
.::-itJ. '- ~

(14)1,-

dl.t1VL

" Lf.J~' !.tj V .JJ'..:)~ J~JPz :Jt'- -?J,J ub~d'


_I_,rJ I" d,l( u~~._;,j;I L..:)~ J~JPz '- -?JJJ.1 _,r.J,f.

{:)J.JI( u;rJ' d~JPz ...I. uyf L d' ',- -?J J u'}.J1J~JPz


)j.Jt Jf y. vS~~~ _,r LrJ' u:t!i L el' ~ -?J,JJ.'I_,r
(15)-LrJ'LrJ' J~JPz""';/ ...1./LvI L vl_<f elv,J
e~ '- (t L LrJ' I (~.JJl/fyl
f" (:)J.J-: ...I. .JJJ~
J.~ L 4-/ 'i-' ,-,jI)' 7- ,:,IV~.JJ~1;;' u Jr " Cf tJ. J~tJl
~~:C.JLJJ{~'vf'
f ,-,jI)' 7-t''})IVJu;V 'i-'.JJIvf'
dV ~J L LrJ' f" .JrJ -: u~L v' .JJ'if J!tJ.?.J,J.J~ 51

(l6)-e:.z....f ~rJ'Of

137

u~i.v"J!~~~.JJ''f-Ly;J!~
'Y;J~i IY rv~
.JlrL v~ U~J'~t;'.:-}lr V J~J~ u! I.)}J.)~/JJ L 1.).,),
OJ

LlJ fUV ~
(17)_~~.I

L (HEBER) d ~'~y;J~J~

JJ~' J1~.lJ'~ Ly; ~;J' W J.lr

OJ

J!u!

f .lJ'J~
C)!jtJ,

I.)y"rJ'j,;-'u! i;;y.;;f -: r f!/' u! ~}lr U)'~!


~ L'lj'i tf(rr ( If"~;-~ ,;-' Jj )J' 'f- ~ (;JJ, i. L.::/.Ai
J'j~' .I'J ~ .lJ'/-'fi f~ C)J.I -: J! u! cJ~J~ i. VI ''f~;;f r..:<) V' i~ -:Sct;JJ,'~ Lf~ (1JJ, i~ 1) i. L.:i/'.Ai
(r"'1.)Y;'1'''V Yo )J' v!~ ~ y J.I(;J) V~L if- 1Ji
)J'

JI.)Y";JJ,V~L/".11 ~ -?J J.:-.7.' I:)' V' 'i;.. Lf


J 'f- 0') ..!-Jr) ~ ~ u! J; JVlr ~yi -:Jct;JJ, 'I Jf
U,...r )J';( {J;). Llf J(r....;.lr)J' ~ ~ Y.~ r UJ~i
(;JJ, -: L .I,~! -v!' Jy; tL;. J!'Jj,I J v' I.)~'~ ti) ...J~ u!
t;' Lf.::/.Ai J'jJv' ~ 'VI i:.. ?-.lI.)~'j L UJ?j J ....6~
~ ~ Jf-:u! J; S~}lr.f i:.. ~ J; i ~ r cJ'.t1; ,;-' .lJ'
L.::/.Ai J'j~' .lJ'~vi'e;.:'G ~ OIP~Jlr Suk L I.)J:t)i'i:.. ~
'y;l:)~

DJY; ~

)J'

J.~ L.lhvL'; Yo /
.7.L)~~ i:....1 "-' (;JJ, 63 i.
u~

r ,;(r lie ..1 (1JJ, i~ 1) 2....

L.::/.Ai J'j~' L v"~ ~ A.J~


_i;_Lf~ (;JJ,u!i;;J ...fIOO

(;JJ,~ i.LJUf~J.:P f~

.I;'--J-:~.I)

...J~~'

S~

'I Jy; 0: JLJ"

Yo 'L

IIJ

JI; ':::;Jv'

f~ -:(rr if- ~ U'y;

138

-:-,-f

J~ J~( ~JI.JJ' Ll (,/1:P -Ll L,r L~

lJ'

~ J"..IP ctjtJ, (Li Po L LJllJ' IiL! L)!..:;,/JA ;-v L G"i ,;-'


.) Yl
JY'IP
L G"i ,;-' ';-I.JJI L)! '-/ LYl2... z,

,-y~

v~

zs

L! .; -.G. ;-v

L L)~G"i,;-'

'ctj tJ,u! L)y.j

L!L ctjtJ, 2_ L.::/.JP ;-v ,;-' u!(


(STEWART)

LYl

~J

lJ'

S:P

~'L

(l8)-L1I

J~Jk L) if-

A/'A

rJ[ L) 0"

":"'l'~' ( V' ;-v


(~'&.Iv ~t

L t.:Jc"{ -flu! ,,}780 He -"


'&.Iv 'JJ'J Lf JII. ~ Sv~'ltlJ~

'~!p u! t.:JLv L v' e: Ll), t.:JLv (

v' y. J 155

eJ~

L v' '~

-,J JYl J~O!oj.'2.... L /I1JJJ.JJ' L)~ /


S t.:JIlJ'

ctjtJ,

L V' lJI

s:

t.:J'.;;1P

:t/i s-r ~

'L~

vS~J'!

LJ1l5l~ ictjtJ,Z-' 2... Lt.:J'.;;1P(' (j'( f tf-l5J o::/) SL),r''-Vl L,r if- &J~j ~ V' ':'.JJ
A~-::"-.J.J 12
A~-::"-.J.J 8

~ Cfl~

u-,,~jIf cJ~L..- (rr

u~l)IV-1

tfJ"- ~ If....;./. .JJI ",:,,1) <j~

A~- ::"-.J.J 7

A~-::"-.J.J 6

vI

Ii C~!)f
~ Cf.Jui::I

rf

tJ'v~

v~

LY-

LY- tf -:

h/ -2
h./
.J(

r UJ.J~'-3
..:,.;'.";t -4 .

..;~~ - ::"-.J.J 12

L{..JJ~
-5

AL - ::"-.J.J 4

L{..JJ~";t-6

A~- ::"-.J.J 4

,j:>' -7

A ~- ::"-.J.J 8

~J'J-8

A~-::"-.J.J 8

iJIJLf

u7' -9

A~- ::"-.J.J 8

ujjJ -10

AL - ::'"-.J.J6

uj.JJ ..;t -11

..;~~ - ::"-.J.J 10

F -12

139

F ~t-13
Iil)J~~

AL - =7J.l4
AL - ~.:.u6
AL - ~~.1

24

Sl)t.lI)I-:

Iici.ll)~r

AL - =7J.I 8

Iil) (!lVI I(~J.I


i:L)

J(;J Sij

.IJ1

J': -14

S1.);)j>.

i:LtJ:~

-:

.I,.a~t -16

j>.

.Ii: 6-17
_lI/-18

AL-~~.I4

AL -=7J.I

tJIJLI~ .I;~ -19 .

tJ1JL./ -20

JL -21
JL~t -22

J -23

AL -._z"~.12

JIJ;;::" a. a,L I.)J},1-24

...
*-~J.l2

My

..

,,;J! i:stf-25

.::....
~l?

=7J.I 3

LIJ L~",118-27

If: -28
If: ~t-29
I!'x -30

AL-~~.I4
AL-~~.I8

I!'x ~t

-31

J -32
.I,....r-33
M Y

'-Ai/. .IJ1 s: L~)


(20)i:

L l)~{j>.

L)-"Ji,' 1V-

If'42 -35

140

.n' / of ~IP Jir S~~JPi f 7- cc: ! 1~ej'~' ~ 1)"


f1858 ft.)' :ti' -fI_i:.. L! .,r k'" JI,..-' ~.; U.,rr/ (.I;' JC)!jJJ,
~, j ~
/-

(j JJ,I)'~L u~, I.)! Jlp; .I;' 1)" L 1)" .JJIl'~~


JPi v!

(jJJ,"

~.,J.J 4 ~

~.,J.J 12

~.1 l.,r../. IX
J!? S1)" j 'IA L!,

f tf -=. ( e'j- ~I

I.)' s -:I.)! ~1)?" L jJ.J(21) -tj.l J!


Jt 'cJrLv' 'or Jt L v' 'e~ K r v' (~'ef.l'~ (jJJ, r v'
(./;p r v' : r v' 'ef ..f! J~L v' Jt p.L ~t 'ef _;~
'.,r o!4 .IJ''-.I~ 'A.I:i; 1218 )'1,..- L 1)" j e! jJ
'e 1)Lf
OJ ~

(22)_i:..Lf

l.5)y

vir

f / If-:.:V~...f' SJ'x .IJ' J J'j I.)!


rL'J ~ J~ 'L~ 1/)' If.. uAy'4f",; 4f"~.J.

,;'A~!

L~ ~ If.! J~

v' tf Lu~':Jr 2... v' _I) ef'",_?.::A J: Vlr..f/


L I)".JA "e '/ j)'.,r.::f; J ~~ tjJ If I.)! J)y S~"I/.Jh"
i:.. z: ~ Y.lf I.)! if. I) r.,r;;J -fI ( u.,c;lI J'j I)'~L J{.Jv
.; UJ~ L 1)" .IJ' / J.,r,,::.,J )'V L v' j I) r! Ji~ If~
Lf J~'/.,,-:.J)i_r.' L ~ / Sv' .IJ'-: i:.. L.,r 2.(.(1) '-.I~

/'::"("J.I

OJ

(23)_i:..
-I~

V i ~fi~ OJ ~

,-.~

~~.1

ft J.,r.lUz;
(24)_1)~

j'

'-/

I.)! J)y

",:",.1.

...v-/ (BOB PETT) ~

Suy"jJJ,~!

'

'j)(Ut- tj ~~,

1/""&
D J~I

U)JJ

)'1,..- L I)";;J

S,:-j L_/L
-fI rUJ.I'y.:I

S1)"" ~ I) ~ vf fi~..';:)J I)":t)i-fl


JJ ~ '-/ ...f' L ~~~, f .. uk -u.,r
'y u:! (

(I.)! J)r

'-/

';.1

141

VI

Ly;2...1;

Jy; U~;.JJI

JLS.tftJl .If f...f


J~',-J,( v;L Jr

~ Ii
Ii

c~~

,.f ...f

...f ~

2... vl'~

Lr L

'J~',-J,I.J~ 4- v;L j,lj'r _Ii c./I/r u ~.Jj L J'-(25)'v!'


'v! J; I)!J~I L ~I.tl; L vI .JJIL vI Yo' v! u~J( .JJIU~;
50 ~ 40 .JJI I( UJ.JIY'\;.?'Lr. J Uy'!j .d'v L VI j C)j
u~
Ly; t'" '"" uiJJr..JJI UJ;: -: 'i:... LY;.JIY' "' UJJ,(.JJI J~ ~jJJ,
~J

fi~

(26)-i:...

J.llY; JJ) .JJIU.Ju ~~;

I)!~~; (j~f

S ~!/'I)!~

AJf

If'""ct;JJ, .JJ'Ii C~ '""~,

.::,.t,;'J~'

.s: ..,:;1'J~

~./~

fJf~

LSi; 'I)! cJlr~


J".,'J I(uJ:t/r

'"" u}~j u}JJ cJ' u 2...

J:. cJ~j ~'J}

u~

v' '/

J;;-l
J~ jf ~~

L JJ.J'o.Ju U f V!,.f
He 'i:...
L vI Ii Oi.-r}

JJ.J' .JJ'O.Ju (GEORGE THOMAS) ife [:.,.J~Yo ( .I?

J; j JIJI/(FRNAK

LINE) ,j'-j.J"

i'Y'~'

.:;A;C I~ Ii 01.'"" JIJ.J LSzJJ) .JJ'O)U -: f ~ LJ' LSJr J~


J; ,..7.; lSJ'I I(if./ I)!U.JU J;";"; Lt' .L V' Ii t4if U.)i J!'
(27)_1/2...

:t)

"re z:.. .J~' -r'_,;-?' L':::;J vI .L 1)";1 ,.f I,)! -r'l ~


L A.JJ L e~J~ ,"".I} (~ Yo i:... L~ .J~.JJ
c;' If-:V

J ~!/'~

un tJ~ .JJ'~!/'u I)~ 'Ii C./'y;1,)! j~ .J~.JJ


<I(;t "Ii Cy;",:,/
I)! .J~.JJ
I)i~ I( rl- i;_ L~ .1 J;) -r'l (Ii v! A.JJ(28)_" Cl ~

142

_i:

lie s: .1 .f.J~'
jJ..t'...;JJ~ ui'J

tf Jl?

L FY' L u,..:, lJ' 0"


SUJ.J;~ '~.J~ '~;L/.JJ' v.i- '/.;f'~P
(V

r
v.:'

_r/ u!JJ.J' J U.JG'tJ1...g u! U.ifI?'tJ1


't~? 'tlJ'~~-v! JJ1lJ' tS FY' tf tf ~J~ tS~,
J (s,t .JJ' i: L~ { uilJ
FY' ~LJ..-'" '~ .JJ'~ .J~r u}~
(29)2 L.f ~ ('h{ L ~ JI' J ,f.J

.JJ'i: . J1J~u! ;;f L 'Y' ~


~~u,7 ;-lr- ;-lr- L J" J ,;'j '~

tf :t.Ji u! .JJJ~

oj;

S .r v.:'
.r I;C, lie e.L.f 0. tf
/.(~~ ~~

D~J~

viJ J.f')~';:? ~ ~~ tS
I/., if ~{,J I'~' L v' c.-" 0. ~1b7 r ...$.";~ '.JJL-!;C,
D~J~

-~
)~,
f ~1b7 r

_;~(30).~

J?J~~
~vt; J....; u! loSv v.J18u! ";"'0. v' L

u~~ ~ .JJI Uh_./t


~ _!.JJ' .,:;,i:t J~J~u .JJ',f J., JJ1 loS.JJJ
u! ~, ~; ~; .JJ'JJ1
~~J~ ..:tJ1.57. ~ ~

v! ~~y.J J;! tSJ....; v' .~ LJ1

D~

uk-- ~ ~.J'J' J)( -f' J{ ~(~, uk-- r J{ v!


-=i:)'~j.JJ'.?C A.JLuL; u!~~~y.d:-jo.LJ{
~'~..:tJ
,J} y. ~ ~ v' i: L; L.f r} ":)JJ .JJ' L.f .;:/, u! ~~J~
/'J' uP! L (}rtIf..~ ,;-' .JJ'" CJ1~;;f ~j,y r~, i: L;

v',f

I.:)'.":::;~

143

S (;,112.... vl(3l)-! J"~ JJt;,.. Jf d~L (;,IIs: Lf~ r


L (;,I~JPi = f !~
= r.t (;,II!J,,", ~n.- JJI ~ ~I S (;,II

J;

j'.

L p. L fyl,.J

J;:;.l}

JfJ~I

S(;,IIJJIfl. J / r.t Un

...t. !':;;IJ Jli:h -J/ _:,


r.t (;,IfL" ~vti
"-J~ L u.i~JPi =JJr elf 2_ vf

'-15v

~ ~ ~ J;1U,-t7 ~f
(32)_~ "

(;,I~J-'1

L.;:.,j

ok--

~vt" J.? r.t

f! = u J" ~v15JJJr.t .;:.,l;.bi ~ if- -?J 15/ JJ

(;,If'f- JrJ",

un

'-l:J18Jyf

t.zJ ...P ..Jf '-

s:" ~v~;:i.J SuJ~

J} (~f~ JJf
uJ~~ JIP JJI ~Jf

(33)_~%

C"f~ f'-

~v

t;;~i

L1-" 8~

elf Ju-fJI((;,If'-

vf

r.t

~f

~f

~v

Uy J~ r.t (;,I~J-'1jt,. .Jot,. L..:)u, ok---?J tJd


u.i~J-'1 L u';f L~ ~~JI.-:/ u.i~J-'1 s,S J"/JJf ~f ~v
~ / uJJf JIP Lu';f Jf! J~ S~
~;,JJf e:. J:!.", ~f;' L
-'-l:JJf! '-l:JfJJ-t7 r.t ~
L.;:.,j ~;, vf ~;~ '- UY!J/ ~f
ti

(34)

,_r.,f.;: Jfpi Su'iJI ~ r.t (;,I~J-'1...t-ji L 15v '-l:J18


C" f ~ L ;!fJJ#. ~f JJf t.f 15J~'- u'iJI ~~J-'1 '- -?J S

Jt I(J,-

.;:.,LYJJ .;:.,~fJJJIP JJf ~J

JrL

-?J

S15~:t_.If'~

I(

(35)_u!! "

/ u;/. Ji r..t. uJ:t_./t L V'L?f L u;/. S~;, JJf":)U, ok-S Lff~f 15;/.Ji {J} vI; L p. (;,I!/ Jt r.t (;,I~JPi ~f~
. Jf}JI( . J ;fj'. Jo;f f rf"f JJf vIP !J:yt,. L (;,IfJL S J"f
.;:.,~~(;,IfL(WELLESL Y 'fI798) J?J JJf (CARNWALLIS 'fI780)
Sf~

':;;IJ

r.t (;,IfL.f8~

'-

-Sf~.;:.,j '-~_;;;

uJ2~J-'1

f uJ:t_.If Jjf 15Jf,,~'p f

.JJf..:)~J(!:.-J-'1.f

~Li LZo'

144

UJ:r_Ji':::;J

v' Ji Po L....6. Jfl857 J....;~

~!.I 0:., .lJ'

'~J~

.:~J91857 ~
LA"

.lJ' ~~

(;? J~Jk

.lJ'

,f~~J/ tJ1
f~

.r

Lt UP.U}JJ
u! c.I~Jk .e: L v:! .I~' O"~ Y/

" I.)JJ~ JJ~

,J.'.J d

L c.I'.n' v! Jr.".

c.I'..:..~

O"~ -fi -J/ _;2... L c.I~Jk

"(;G':r_)i ~ P! L v' ! d

i ,,~~
J~Jk

-fi J!u! cJ'~

'J; /. J~~J:r.Ji ~ ~

V'J~'L ..:../Ir V J..:)~

J'

J(i ~ij Lt c.I~J~ ~

v'

.lJ'

~.lJ'

-J.fJ,~ u;:7. .t'

, '1.

Bernier, F.:Travels in the moghal'Empire AD.


1636-1663, London, 1914. P.3.

2.

Sleeman, W.H.:Rambles and Recollec-tion of


Indian official Karachi, 1973.
P.339.

3.

Kincaid,Denis:British social life in India (16081937) London, 1938. Reprinted


1973, P.58.

4.

Fany Parks.:Wandering of a Pilgrim in Search


.
of the Picturesque. Vol. i
Karachi, 1975. P.412.

5.

Holman.Denis.Stkanda.
1961.P.228.

6.

Fany Parks, i, P.412.

7.

Ibid. P.90; Sleeman, P.P. 345-47.

8.

Keene. H.G. :Hindustan under Free Lances.


770-1820. Shan on, Ireland, 1972.
P.152.

Sahib.

London

145

9.

Fany Parks

:i, P.P. 390-97,413.

10.

Ibid, P.90.

11.

Sleeman. P,595.

12.

Holman, Denis, P.161.

13.

Thompson,
Edward

:The making of the Indian


Princes. London. 1978.P.P. 1834. ,

14.

Ibid., P.184.

15.

Fany Parks, i, P.393.

16.

Jacquemont.
Victor :Letters from India. Vol.ii, Karachi,
1979.P.241.

17.
18.

Thompson, P.183.
Kincaid, P.93.

19.

Ibid, P.94\

20. . Fany Parks, i, P.P.209-1O.


21.

Jones, Capt. Oliver,


J.R.N. :Recollections of a Winter Campaign in
India in 1857-58,London; 1859.
P.125.

22.

Kincaid,P.97.

23.

Ibid., 1>.97.

24.

Mudford,Peter :Birds of Different Plumage.


London, 1974.P.69.

25.

Ibid. P.68.

26.

Bidwell,
~!lelford

:Swords for
1971.P.128.

Hire.

London,

146

27.

Keene, P.140.

28.

Holman, Denis,P.228.

29.

Ibid., P.230

30.

Holman, Denis, P.228.

3l.

Thompson, 1H2.

32.
33.
34.

Kincaid. P.149.
Edwards,
Michael
:British India. London,
P.34.
Ibid., P.34
:Kincaid, P.145.

35.

Edwards, Michael, P.33.

36.

Ibid., P.32-33.

:Mudord, P.62.

1967.

147

Jj S':;'.Ilf uk -~

J.llf .:;,~ JI~I

I:)~J~ .IJI 'T.I!

:el' .IJI~'}

',.sf" v-p!A .IJILf,l~1 'JJ.I 'Jt! ~


l,df .IJI~J -: ~ U~J~;'l L ':;'.Ilf Yo ~
.IJ' -:.I~f V- Jv
Yo ~J J~)' (V ~.Ij L....
t ( -f1 L 1;.Ii..1;:.;;(1 'T{ _,f Yl ,J>

v.:J16_Li

s, r?

.IJI

JJ)

I:)~.IJ

SuJ?'CI:)~.IJL

J'' "

w' eJ!

.IJI

JYl..:A1.1J
~

':::;JvI

_tl./Jt" cJ~~

~ v-,;.. L.:;,~
V- '-.I~ L I:)~J~]

I:)~J~ .IJI'T.I!

J.llf

I././'"i -,_ft'x .:;,L,Lv S'T.I! JI


JYl t,.,) ..IJ
J~J:.J~/ V- ,1235_IYl t,.,) tYl .Jl,;.1 V. .:;,L,Lv 1:)1~ ,j.v
L) ~ .:;,L,Lv V- '-.I~ L I:)~J~ L (JOHN MANDEVILLE)

r rI:)Y-J~ .:;,L,Lv-: L VI k"f1l4,,_i -:L VI --?fi -k",i ,,_if


L I:)~J~ V- I:)~j ~ 1) V- ,1330~) I:f ~ ,j'1 v.r S~IP L f

JJ'JjJI fYo vft ~cr~; 4- ;; V. '-.I~


I:)I.lJJL vI .IJI~ k"r r~ ,;~~ tfi LvI -v! '":"'? ~

J.lJ~Jt
~I

(Odovicus)

V',i v! ....~ ";-,~I -v! JYl ~IP .:;,L,Lv Yo


?C -f1 r ~J f Yo 'f- Cl (t r ~J) .IX V. ,1563

Po L vI _~

L J>. .lJ1 ~

-~ k"r r~ "!"II~ v.1:)~~


(1)

~ L I:)~J~ Yo -~

oj

if' if~eJ ki v-I:)~

J~ Yo JI

148
)'v

~~J~

fr.,!

JJ. ~"

.zCr~..JPol ";"~,;-'

.0' ~i..E tJill

~ _;/ ..E~, Po f ~~,


t~ ~ V- t'v" v' L.I (V ..::.-1lW J)i
V- P'?oC L~..J L JJ. v' -Lft. To-i (J, of "
L ~ ~i{1i "V V- ~~J~ ~ Po L v'(I)-~~J? r L.I
~'iJ' ~ ..::.-'JC
';-, V- '-A L ~~J~.I~~'J tJr. .r.Li "'~
Jl:i' eJ ~ (V JC JJI Po V- '-A L ~~J~ V- ";"it. L ..::.-IJC

..::.-ji ~

~~J~

-" oiLJiiJ'

V- d'- 2. J~~ L ( Ji V- ~, _Li V- ~~)~ "'~

i!/'"

Po

'biC ,J ~~J--'"i L tJ';' -~ J~Po (' iJ'~ '.zC'o?


r.,!~ ~ J:. '-A L i J "::'-'J~ ,JtJii ..::.-111, Jtr '..:.)~
J V- (:.,j,J ~~J~ f~ lie _I_C i~ ItJt.i~ ,J ,,-/tr J~J~
(l655-68),i..l. -To- f ~
OJ d ~Jvi ~'2.... v' ,0' To- If.! .J.iI
)'v L (:.,j i~ v:! V,.ii KY"iJ' ,,-~/KY" fr.,! ,_;! .... ;r ,;-'L
o/JJ i ~)j r ~JJ,J Jt. _;) -f1 Lv' -Lft. 2f.lt ~~J--'1
fPo L J ~ J.IJ:. f1746 -Lft. Jli: 41tJ~~ ,J tt~JL v' _;)
t ,J J~ f ~J J 1IJ ~ I'~J~L ~i -~iV- ~~J~ ..E Jv v:!
-41~ t'v" iJ' To-41~vr
)'v L tJd~
iJ' tJi~J 'tJ!.E" I~~J~ J' ~ v'
~
..
..
'"
.,111(.
~~J~ ~ L.1f ~v
.:;.JJ
vI .:,..~.. JIM'~
-,~ ~'J ",.
'"" I.)JV!.I
J} tS .:,..~y Ji'( .?CJ~:eI' iJI,J Aju, iJI J,~~; J'. ~
L tJfl L ~~J~,_;! "-A L tJii ~I 2.... vI -~ Li ~~J--'1 ~
V- d'- Lr "i} L~ eJ Li :eI' Po V- f'N.' lie. -~ _i;I ...::.-'JC
~ 2... v' " ~ fY' P. r~,J~-To-)j Jv (1615-18) Ji if~
Lv' -" ~~(~ 1;;' V- i~iJ~ L tJ';' 2... v' iJ' ~ ~..w Jc;:'
(Downton) J ~~'j iJ' (Best) ~
V-~, Lft.a (t L d'- .IJ' eJ~

'~(1Si

'i'

jJ'

:?

jJ'

149

J~~ -"

tJIJ;{i

_'~.:;_u~

JI ~ Jz-.IJ

l;;/._i:...zL

J_,I(Keridge)

fp. i:..

(j~-,,;~
fl'J iJI iYy(Mieldenhall)

cJI;:--J-'1-1A L"r ~~

~ tf liJ J

iJI O'i~iJhI -: f"

.:;_
cJIiJI ~ z: .zL hI

Jp rvI .:;_-?J SvI


JI s Jp ( U~ L
-i-L"r

::Y ( cJIs: ..::-tJpp. v.. ~-AL Ut.'i! iJI UJ:(../I v.. uli

(~

'er" I:!'i iJI ..::-IJ~ScJIJYy -" .:;_.,;;;,~iJI JyL L cJI;:--J-'1


OJ i.vI i:.. ...P .:;_U~I;:--J-'1 J) i} L ~ LII.:;_
~~
'~!/'lllJ LII~/( iY J L'( iJ, i:.. ~.:;_ eti S..::-j ".;.!I

v.:,

1).,1

(~UIIIJ).f

v.. cJI;:--J-'1LU,)I~_i:..;

;~fI'JiJI

J>J

U? f IAJy p.( L(' 'r!-:f" Jp -:v..~ALcJliJf

v.:,.:;_

i ,:_

-?J vI

-4ft. i.J/ v.. U~ L cJI;:--J-'1(IJI ';-, L


-IS,?IS; ,f-I;, iJI 1O'J ~I u~;

(2)

LvI -J/v.. ,1612 v.. "::-iY /1 J)j J; 1).,' L UJJI


~J/I. Po "Iij L Li

v.. f1613

iJI Li "::-iY

v.. ~A L ,~I J)j SU~


iJI ~,,-:I)I u".-IJIL U,)I

cJIJC

OJ

4'- Lu/

"r ;,IJi

"rL J~i;1 iJI

v.. J~i;1 iJI ~Jj! -v/

ud I J)( -v/ ..::-).j .:;_ ~ij

;p.p.1!)!;tJ,
,j'I..::-L)v

L cJIJC 1/~ ( u_,ItJJ


" i}

f iJ'i ,?I

"'~

If UJ.zC:(.-" Po L L"r (~ L
J~i "r ~ -J!I) J v.. J!j "r ,j'~~ij L UJiIJ
~.d iJI Ui!/

OJ

-JI) ..Jlr
~ ( VI

-t! Ju/tt/ I IfUJ:(..I,"/

v.. ~JJI.

OJ

,.f(~

L U,)I P. / I

I J)f

IfcJIv.. "::-iY

0'/ JJ Po L "::-iY-"

r:/.'iV

~1J:~)j L d'j )JI Uy_,.,1e)}" ~ J (' )JI (IVI r,j 1Jj.f -!


~f~I Jj.f s -:)r J) r .;.)1( _rJ CuI~ ~~"'
ul/r vI ...rJ C~
Ji? J,J y. v!)I _rJ L~k")J~ ,11 )1..-- ~v! J~tJ.J:} ~ i
JcJI,.1e: L./ ~ .;.j.f J l' v! cJ"~ LuI?- DJ ~ z:

-v! J.llY; f 1)7. 4.J11t"


_L~ I)J./.t~ I)k.~.;.;.)1( J Po L vI )JI L~JlP-7. 4.J11t" ,f

cJIj"rJ ~

v? -:IJ{ L J) if~2... vI

I.7.C J;;J 2... vI 'rJ ,;I)/.~ J! Vlr r-;,)/.


':::;JvI ,.I;;
2... vI -!Jy; ~ .;.:1 JI v.. Vlr ,f .7.C)JI rJ C~VI. ~ .;.)lP
2...LJ{ ~ ~)~I J;;J r(Adventurer)r.( LlfL.7.C L J{
tV ,.1LJY' LJ#.?v! f'k.' 2... 1.1' i rJ Ly;",:"If' (U~
-:IUy'!j v! f'k.' ;_?.J'J s: J{ -~ L./ ~ J} I ~;iJ. V'

V~ I...t. )JI ';')f j" s: 27-, ~

DJ

,.1s. ,=-J ~

~jiJ.

eL 2... L ..{I.Ji .s.L./~);fl )JI)v v.. (j L.L.I L ,jI


~ -:J!2... L ';'JV (.) vI .e: Lli ;-'" -: tll.l'rJ C./ly; e/
,.,0 rJ C./ J~I U;{ ,;/ ~U)Ir,fi-;/)V ...J)""_~ L./ljt

L./ J' ".;.1'J.IJIP

I'v -~ [./

k"r

~.Ij

tJj{

)I Y JJ

")} j(;i )J' rJ L'/'y; )I t' ;-1..-- v' ~ L~.Ji~~ ~ Ly;


cJ',.I~Ly; J,J JIP J( v!)I 1.1' -~ Ly; v! ;-'" IV. ( cJI
~ Ly; J! (~DJ~ L cJ'-!J./'y; )Iy;L ~.,J) ..{, ..;)"" elt" ,f
-!J~I)JJ!)JI JJ,;J! Lli ~, -~ ~ v~~ j"y.
L UJi~J~y. ~ L./~ v~~,,y.J~L JJ,f cJ~J~ JI
_~L./~j
J/...J)"" ~ cJc:.t, v! f'k.' _rJ C'/,y; y~(~J 2...
Y'~ ~J,f Jlk" -~ L'/'y; ,::;""U"}.I1 j~J~';'lZW cJ'2... 1.1'
L):f v! tJ?- ~~ J!J, JI v! Uyl..-- JI.,C;' J{ -~ L~ y; Ji)~

151

J.I'J'

...:.-Ly.J0;.1. {.J}

IfJ ~

'[~i~.I~.1t).JJ;J!;: .JJ' Ii
-v! J~

v'

v.t (j ...:.-L,IPe v.. '-.J~ L J{ I:)~.JJ L J f1642 ~

f1630

L J) .J'" L I:)I.JJI...:.-1J,P L ct;u. L J{ ~ 1:)1


I)'.J",I L! I-:.JJI JJ~J'J' ~ Lf..v.;"':'-JV v.. ,;L; v' "e -7
v' J-" ,-f/ Jv..I:)J "':'-JV I:)J L .;Ii' J.I'-" e.J~JJv..I:)J
~~ 2._ L [;-j fi~ L; ct;u. Po L bYJ-~ [.1'-" ,f-bYJ ()~ I:)J
~ .:; v.. '-.J~

-J

-J

.s: L.I J;' ~


I:)J L ~ _i:...J/" ...:.-G"J'
L [;-j .JJ'(~2._

'J/ v..

v..

L (;u. fi

",:"y .s: L-" 6 2._ L Ji ",:"y

ui~~s: L.I
v..

u?-

.::..r'JJ L vI .JJI.JV

J-' VI;!J.J v.. ~.Jt. Lf J f1638 -v!' J-" J~~.JJI ",:"y o;!)
J.JI{ J "':'-.JY-~ ~ -" {;)J.J~ v' v.. ! 1J.JI{ J I:)t;--JPzf' J J-"
J-" J: JA -: J.IY Lv' 7 J ...!...J{.J;: v.. f1668 v.. '-A L! 1
"':'-JV .JJI LlIu~ L v' .s.'-/ J1~.J,f v.. vI -J "':'-.JII .:;;
'-"'{L (' ....J,1 v.. do i:.. 6 ...:.-1.JJ'iL (' ,f { uk .s:'-/ L
8~

4)! .JJ' J

-J J)I-"
1-"~

4:-12 ~ 4:-10 ...:.-G"J'L (~_i:.. J~,f- .J;~ .JJ'

J;~

1...(1 S~.J18

Po L .JV

-J u.J'

UX v..!
-~

1v.. ...:.-G"JII:)I.s: LJI-" I(~~

C-" ~.JV

eJ IX~ ":""'"v.. -::"UVI

J~.J v.. "':'-.JYi.. L5 ~ v..

;: ~ [.1'-" c,.Jlf'~t)JI...p-~ [.I(~~ti'i f;:


Mariner).J IJ

L.J ~

,-J...p -~ C~~

~.Jt. fro ~

u.J{ J .J,i/. .J,i.JJ f~(~~ v'_~

v..

dol J.I

~ U,-" ~

~~,

c ~ SI:)LL,.-v'
Cjj.{;-.,d/ "' (Purser

J~ fro ~ U,-"u).-f ji -,-J? e,t"l UJ::";u. L -:f. .JJ'


_L LJI-",J:
L ~ I.J I~J u{;-:-~U(ylJuy'~
O.J? "':'-.J,vlV...(I

S..:.-'";u.-~

Cjj.{ ~ {'

J.JIJ i v..1:)V-J~

152

,;1lv ~{ 10 .If J VI JJI ~ C~tf1IJ ~;;,-'.lL LJ'


J~ .t1,;1lv ~{ 20."/ JJI ~ C~.t1~fl ..J ~ VI Po L Jv ,; -!
.l L Jv,;,l -~ Cvifl ?- u JJI (j J; ~I Po L Jv ,;,l -!
v! ,f-I el// L U~ IJJI( J,,-; 1.5/ JJJJI ~ C1. e.J r ~v IVI
J~ J J/"

'JJ,,-;II'J

JJI ~Jrl

elt

O'l J

UytjtJ,c)I.L L.t1~

uJij('!JtJJ.t1r3"J}L~~U~JJJI!

J~JIJ'~c)~I

Jc))i ~ 4.1.1(r J.U


~c~~ (jtJ, 1Ji' -fI.L LJI.t1 J! d-/ JJIf'j .J'v .J'v L

J:., JJlfl ..L~~.I~ ~I

j v.ll.5jJJ"";t.iV

-~ ct;f U:~jOlP 1UJ~ fj'.


~
JJI fyl J! L UJ).t.J L J{ L.t1 ?-J v! c)t"---J~
J cJ~ i L~fi~ u J! ~ 2... vl.L 2...JJG;1J) J}I L UJJIJ
;:"-J!G7 r cJIJJI 1llJ Llil IV. .J'V L c)1_LJ &~ Jv. r .::/;
C~k"Jl(-

Lr LvI

J.c)~1~Jj J Lllfi
j

c~~ If-/

j ~

,,~JLllu ~

If-/ JJ ~ If-/

JI"..,,If-J,fu j ~j C~fi~u~

-~

--fl J! ~

-~ C.t1

J[JV -~

CJI.t1
(jtJ, L.t12...~ r 1.5;:~

_~ L~ Lj'. ~ ~ I.)! VI j CJI.5JI"..J uJ(Ji JJI ~

J; ~C.t1

,IJIu/.f" j'. ~ LJ u1.t~ ~ uj,ll JJJ c)I~ I.)! fl~I


tf If-~..J _,;( !;(J,I~yi tf cJI_f Yy J.t1J1JJItf ui,ll
2.... VI
J~.t1..J,,;( J I, j L uL J1JJItf c)I 2... VI J.t1

-v!'

u:

-l

,.,iJI ~c)~1 i..LuytjtJ,Lc)I

-vi Li

L)! c)t"---J~f

o~

JJJJ;_;LJ[

~c)eJjl,.,iJI J;~PoLvl-J!~JI~

uflL VI j ~i~J"" J,JI ~ ~ f1698


k"k"~ ufl~~/L f1697 JJI fl680 f 'f- ~ ::y ~ c)I -v.t UJ

.~~

4I.t.

I.)! If-J~L

J! i;i J

uytjtJ,

o~.J'V .J'V L uytjtJ,~./t

"e J!i

u~..;

i JJI.t1~yJ,Ier{ AL Jr} f ~LJI.t1 o~ 50 ~40 ",:",1,IJIj


4

153

2.Llltl. "Y-15z -fI ~.Ii (Ii _ z: .I'.tl!' JC;:, Jj ':t .IJ'


v' _ti C,-r.I'.t~)j
JI',-r J.1Jy' L~.d L c)'
Jc)'
J~~~!/ 151t)..IJ'Jt v!.l _ L.!',-r L 15.t~J/. (Ii v!
1.I''i' _ L.!',-r J:.IJ~ J~Jk .IJ'
2... L L~ tll_,f
JI',-r..:..!J VI;
s: L.f~~ 2._ L (;;7 v! i~_d'l,;L.lv ~
L .I'~
~J:-:' " UJJ./JJ _d'l,;L v' s: z: .1',.-v! !~,EJv'
.IV
~/JJ .IJ'J'b 2.L,-r .1',.-v! uiJ( ~.I' L ~/- L.t1
L.!!J .sv i_ (j? 1 ~ .IJ'.IV L J{ Jj ':t" UJ.I'':; c)~Jk
J~.l ~1tJ, L v' ,f ~ J~ r..:..~
v' '-.I} 1.11; J{_
L ":"JV-i/ JJ OJfti 15.1~':t 2... L ~ (Ii 2... v' -",.l15k.~
-o e-2._
o(.Ik..IJ'ti ~ if k. _)j I! I J.l1( J":".1"-L UJ~ v!.l
u_';' e: L ..:J:IP JUJ11.;:.IJ'!I-ti ~if2 J,j 2._ L UJ11.;:"
(2)+J.!.I~ Oi~ L

-v!

tJ.r" Jt

-I

"eyo

n'

(3)

'z -fI c:;'-

J- .IJ'J:!. L v' VJ~

rs2...

L UJ'?'C ~.Ii

v' _ti O'jP 11.;:Oi 4


':t .IrJ _ti U',-r >/
Lv' _ti 10t_,JJJ" JAi ~, fl uk .IJ'ti Ci-J) JvJ~ .f ~
4--} ,.!C)Ll,;'- U~J)'C ~ C~!J tf ;--J (lIP ,,;1.;: L v' .l"'.I)
~.?C fi _ti tf.l nI...f _r;JJ'- 4:- 10VJ~ ~,-r _; Jrl '"'o(.Ik._ti C~ t.fAV'" 11.;:...fC)J ~/ JJ ~I 'iLi .lL VI t"k-/'J' /,JI ~J ~ 1 Ufl.lJ',f J,-r L,-r 2._ ~.!cj iPi 1.11; J UK~
f Li v!~/ ~z L.!.I~,f L'J Li L ~.1 '- L~

v! ~.I~rJ'r

-J'

154

Jw ScJIPo L VI i:.. L~ (~
L cJI~ Ii CJ'i ~.?' l)~
IJ'iL)! Po Jw ScJLv -,J jJ'i ~j~I SL~L)!! Po L J~-_,J

jJ'i

lt~
VI

/ce j~ j~ .0' ~

L~ ~.f J,{cJli L ,-j( -,J j.f

if -:.s.L~ J~s.Y' L)! Jw ScJLv ~

~J VI _Ii C~

ISLJJ",.J} Jii). f~I (.;~ .zC~.JiY' r.,J j~S2._

z.),~

-I j~J~

JWSu'}.JI.JJI.Jv-i;_?-~t;:~ji5r~i:..
Ji5 JI)i _Ii C.!Jr'JJi5j./- _Ii CJ'i.J#.
el?~.Jlt' r et.J#.
1/~ ~cJLvr vl-;)i-I j~OJ ~ ~I '} C.f IS~~
s,'f- ~ 'Ii ~k-- ...fi Yo ~.JJ~_Ii C~JJ~(r t.f ~.Jj L ~;.J _Ii C~
s.~ J, &J s: Li(' Ji~ L jit~!v..c: j~ SLy .JJIo.t~JI
f ,J jJ'i ~ 1-: SUJ.zC ~.Ji_i:.. ~ ~ L Ly L)! J, .JJI
ji5
cJLv j-"f ';-, cr.J~I iy.J J.il~.f '-J...;[Il:l.
&J

r",

L uJ.7.C cJI L)! .J~.JJ2_ Vl(3)-J I).Jlr '} J'i ~ v!I)f

Jk-"r yi .JJIi;_?-.J.J~ L)! upl

cJI~.Jj L

fyl ~

~,;{l)

J Sji5 r'i:..~.f ~IP v?r j),f ~v L


if~.JJI<i'1~ ~~ Sl)J:J! L)! .J~.JJf -,J j~ 4&. r./ Se~
L cJI~

Jlr ~

f JL i:.. L; 2._ 0'"

cJL}r ji5 ~ el?J~

~ ~

SU~

J.J

-u;:.f~IP

(4)
L ~

tf -f(,5 JUVI L

~I

.JJIb.JC
/-' vI

~JJIPcf.JJI ~ 4.1"" U ~~I..!-.!Ij;

tf J{' ~I

.:-.!I

f 'f- ~f.Jj "' Jly vI ~ Po

v!

J~JPi "' ~ S,_;l. f


~~YoJ 0" cJl &J r;:,f do "::;Ib O"k-- ...fi L)!
r J{ f 'f- tfr uj.J~ ;; r;:~J~v r vI L uP. J;I L ,-}lr
';-,

&J

L.f ~1P"::;1b uk-- JL Ii~.f ~ "' cJV'JPi ~

I.)i

I~I ehl

155

L J{~,..!.--:!," L tJ.f' _.1~'" v?r j.ll{ eJ~j~ eJ~j2....


v' .IJ' 'f- ~~~ ~ -:"~'J .IJ'uiJt,; J.lL / J!.J U' v! ttJ'Jj J {:;.if
L .(k. .-YV" &~G"L 1.1. '!.::.v-(...
--r f t::.... LJ .IJj./ -:..L.
_ ()(cJ~ J~ L 0",.."
l.)..

2....:;.-' L/ J'''' iy.I J J, uk-- ~L-- ~L-- L';:'J .IJ' ~ "J ~.Ij
4f 2... v' t.f J'''' -:..~yuk-- 2... L J{ -v!~'"-:..~yJ.ll(
_lJ..IJ' L~.f
v.: ~'" ,t,j j.ll{ eJ~ &J_lJ.L v' f~ lS,,-v-CJ1v.: &,tG &J~jv.:, L-:..~Y
~ cJ~JPz j ;, (

J{ f 'f- ~J!.J SU}.IY

,;;

v! J.l;.o L v'

J{j.lI{JP -f'~--:-r ;'.IJ'~&J'.I'J/I(L.f ~


L lS;'~' v!..:.v-k--~'L -:..1)'" uk-- LJ1LJ1 ~'j L
1..1' _L ~ LJ1
v! .::.v-k--L lSk.-:-yV" If".ff. OJ .IJ' e: r~
f~ I)' J~JI(-:..1)'" ~ .IJ'J:';:'1h uk-- -f' .:J L J~JL -:..1)'" J{ 2...
I(uH cJ' v! L~';:'1h uk--/ J{-I)') i]I., v! -:..Ll.lr uk--~
OJ
cJ~J~.IJ'J

"J
"'J

./v'A .IJ'L

z.).J,.!';:'J

e,y

v' _L

LJ1 Jr.Y ./
y

ey fy.~"J
_LL.f

-:..~r.Jr. v! ~-AL J~

'X

L J{ ~~,
..!.--:!,L (Zinkin) I ;

J? .IJ'cJ(;ij, f 'f-l;i'1( 1..1': V,!-::: V,!lSJ


&.If v! Ub/ 2... L UJ.I)~ v! cJ(;ij,._f .Nt A-" f JJ1 ~v2...
v' -~ C~~J.f(JJ; .IJ' L.ftjv.:, 2... v"~ CJ1v.: ~p.-J
~~Jv!P'k.'a.J -:".IJ/,fu_,J~2....LL~.I'J;i'j/ ~/
1..1' '::'-.Il( cJk--.IJL uJ.

OJ

lS.I~ ~ v! Po '~ ui~J .IJ' utE ~A '~ C~ I~j


cJ' -v:'~uk{ j.ll{ 2.... L LI) L~ L uJ'?'C
Jr i LJ1 ~~.IJ
-~ v.: -:-yV" J/I( ~ v! LJJ& ~ r.f.. cJ' L ~J}.Ir r./ ui:(
Jy ~ 1..1' i ,j J~SJ~' ~~, ,f
v! .IJJ1..1' ~
-~ LJ1 ~p.-J ~ V,!J L\..-- J'~ ~'J~' ..J. v.! cJ~J~
2:...'.1

tt~~,

~"

156

L~ I.)! u,..P';; L,J~ ,JJI)y....J)'" I.)! cJI;:--J~


1uJJ1 L ui~J I.)! f1623.1-1 J.11 ,.f-' .::,,).j DJ~j~ U~J
''::''j'" uk k" t.,j ~ cJ~J~ L u"':1 2.... vI -v J!J ~ ~.J~'

'"
,,~ ,
JJ' ~,. (',JJj
~ ukJJ' V;J'"(G"
u~ ./- Jjl{- It' u! ~. ('It' jJ' G
v'J.J,
~ J.11 ~J V' ...{LJ u_,l~ u! d~'
t)...
i./. ....tt:d~J~ L u,..:, 2.... v' -J.11 ~; ~~ J U~Ju! uk' '-lJj(J,
-uJ)~; '::"jl{ J~ jJ' OJ? ~
vfo. Yo cJ~jJ L ui!7 J~J~ I.)! d~,JJ L Uk' '-lJj(J,
I.)! ;.. L v'
"J L udY JJIuJJ' u! d' ".11
s'.j1 JJ -:u! ~k-t)A", uh~ L u,..:,
Ilk" ,.f-' ,JIV' If ~.::"L~' L d...;! u! J..L.- V' jJ' J.11 L uk. --:,Y
J[ J.t! 2.... V' .s: Z Jlr- JlPoj u! Li ",:,,'Yo r 1.# ...f f1828 J'

.1_ L~ L;

uj'.t'

v)~;
f

-v)~;~

-v)~;

1u'"j tJ. L

_I) C.11t)

u!;'. LJjlr-DJ~ ~...G.t~jJ'ltJ;


,.f-' I f I) -::..t. I) ,f-' ..:/; L.f ,.:.! "

JJ[tJ
j ~~

J~
~cJI ~}i J.11

'-t' ,,~ 2.... v' L~ J uJ'jiJ'::"jl{


f1764jJ' ~ J:,.f-' ~/ DJ~jJ' -:.f tf-j L)J"IP .::,,~y~ v'
jJ'tf-j

Ly}. ",:,,'i ~ If/

OJ

) J"IP '::"'j~' L ..:/;) JI.?' (IV' ~J'b ~.iij

L u"':'.u!

_2....

~ DJ,J.'.11,.f-' D.tGJI ~ Jd~JPi 1J[ J.IY L


j
-I) ,.;j ~~J;cJJ:!.
j~ "' v' u! f1828 -Ijj JJ}- J.::,,;;
liilb.,~
J; ~I!jJ 2.... vI
Jz~ t.f ,.f-' .:.-} I.)! up. IJj J[ ~}i
:f 4.I..J '::"~'1-:I) ~,J~ cJI;:--JPi.f
.11J7-; jf Yo ~ ...{jj~L (Peel)
1;1;0'
d~JPi ;tlPozI'::"jl{ 't) .::,,~'j' '~ ;lj/.I:f"'
,.:.! .t. ~I(., fLu' ~ ~'t)1.":-~ lip J'J jJ' JV' ...JI),

-I

u:rl'",

157

~ ,; ~} v.. l)fi

e: vI

JIP J[ f 1
J1~.::./; JiU,/.

-J

ty> J; Pe.l-1 uE !'".1,1 Ju;Ii Iufo e, ..f,{


L ..:-tJlP~~~} v! l)p. 4- A./ ol .1,1 . Lfi/-...p. u s:
"
,;" v.. ,1798e: VI ~ ~ '-- l)d~..f~
I J;!, "~ fl~.::J
L~ JPe~"

~~ dkl'JY'..f~ JJ d v.!1

.lJI IY"';U;

L l)i1/ .lJI duJ..

~~J.."JJIv.. ,1856 4 k"~A " l)_;:"~Jd' e: vI . d'P ~


oj ~ d~I ,J '-- -?J J",I .lJI V"~.J.r " ""Y '-- -?J !~
JPeY>
" ty> Pes:1
"l)/j d' OilJ ,...jJ ..:-IPP o:/t i.. vI -J'
",J.I

v.! .1,,"1 I(..:-L~I'--

dNl.lJI. L./.J.l

d L .:.1)1, .lJ's. L.tf


-4:..L.!

= J j jlPeI(1:)1"~l)~L.-il t ~J~A..:.-; Pev..;.. L .:.1P;.t


1'r~~J;,.- ,/.'--.:.~!.."JJII(~ I:).lI,~A..:.-;! .iJi,.f 'f- '"
J; L J[ v.. vI

-1v.!

(j ,;

.lJI~u,/..::/; O)J,...j

JvI i..

~L1f.:.L,AP"l)iJJ~

--V ~u,/..::./; v.. 1:)1


vI -4:.. Jf OJ?' -:..A -4:..--V
f.:.)./

{J[

d)J.lJ'iJii..v'.lJ'Jfv.!

-lIe.l
ZZ,...,AP./
'~J.lJI
_
.,.,
" L).r.

.1,1t! d~J~ J; L ~u,/.f 'f- t:ff J: Lr cf j


~L -6. ,.Jt,.. 7 v.!1 I(t !J~ _.v.! ~IJ '-- JI, '-.l{
~ ,..:.!" I:)~,~ d L "Jliil ,j..lC" ~ L l),:t!', L'r iJ.'J fl~
LvI

15iU,/. I:)~J--'1-~ v~;;-" '- ..:81.) r ,-I i ~~A ~ .lJI


.?~ v.! t;_"'; J!"..:..l ,.( ,--I" .lJI~ !.r.:r eP.lJ u1i '--..,...,..

I(c,L

__
....

-1.:.:/ JJyl
L oJ I:)~J~ I-:/u,/. L~ ~
f~

~I

Sdl '--

-?J S

vI ..f,{

SvI , I~ t d~Jk~

A " ~L v.. ,1804 2... VI -J~":-.lJ/ S ~IP

S l)rl.l of.

158

r"'- "':'"'"
A'~'flf L ~ v! '-.J~ L if,J ctv-~ ..rc Ji J.! ';;'.JJ/ S A 2... vi "'~ 1.5/ .JJI ~r Vl.J

tt'f-,.)i

~~J~

-:"

_L~S~lP
j

r"~ v~L ~u,/.

ji f 'f- ~ f J' Li I j

~~J~

!',-...J,,j' ( vi r.J. '":{.J!.,.(,[ ,J ~ ';;'.JJ/ JI S~GJ ';-,


'ct','2... V' v! J" ~ ~...,/S ~~~.l1) ~ I~",
,-12... L ~lP '- "':'"'"~I
'.Jit..
'~f.
y

JI) .JJI

2... L ;.J I.,,,


;~ 1A ./~~J~

,-I

J~

Jy. '~ ''';J.J '~I;)~I


.JJI I~ tf ~GJ ( ~~J~

v '~~

L5~--ft 1-:--u,/. _L ~ L vi {.2{'- cf.)j .JJI~I'- .......


~ LVi,)", c) -L~\(~GJ ( ~~J~ f L5~~ 2... vi J! c)
(4)_1)v!J~ L v'-:,.(,[ _I)~ ~~~ ,;;,~IjI

(5)

J.71~L.f .:,.t 1z ..;'J!L J; t)'1 tp".Jt

.JJI

--ft

Lu.t::ltr
ct' L u';' .J,' c.f" u~ltrYol u,Jt r.J. ~~ ~ f 'f,J~ t!!.,;:f" d,J 1-" r,;;,LJI" ,;;,tJIP eJ S(~ ~ Yov! 1-.

.r

~j./
,;;,IPP fl) ./.
,.1 J~

7
yV

r U'"--{'v...fl~I

cC IPIftt,;;,IPP

':'.1'_.::....
,.

4 ctV-~.f -U" "'i,j L ,;;,.J'i .....;/ I)~tlj (V .JJILie 0.) ~


Jj.f u~,I) (~I ( ~ .J~I "h-' I)~ .JJIr; ..J '- ~I f;c. r.J. -'
(~ u'tf1Jj.j fl) L5.JJ/ 2... L t,;; L uji Jj.j .I,' ~IP ,J JL
~lP ~ u,j~r.) v'-L~ ~ c.i 2... L ~lP Jct' .I,' c.f~~
C"~ r u~jij1.51 V.u'.JP"f2.... vI r; JjIJ tI; r l;,j J!2.... L
_I)C~ ,,)iiS
'.IVjL~,,!)J! j~..f,ji.J,I
I)
f v!.J1.~Yo c.f" '- ('i' ~.J!. ~ tS uJ:t!, r.J.
J)( ~.Jt. ~ -: j L~ IJ..'J +.1 L5)J e.J~' S ~,.....;/
"',;;,j.j

v'e~

f'~'

159

J~",~
""" '-/

L v'
JJ...fi.::J

-v.: d~.JJL I.)j.-v? JJ",r d~.JJL I.)i:/


L

..:..'JlP j)f

-:If.:;i;Jv'!

t v! dt;..t,.JJ'
_~ ,

.,

.1./

Lf.Jg;' o.J~J} v! I.)b~i ; tt' L J{ ~~,~, v! ,,1687


~j L f j,l-ll.)fl JIP"" )"v .JJ'z:.O.J! 'L';: z!..l.)~J L,r
tJr", J!_JJ.JJ' ~ 'r..r/ ',J':.Jf v! fl..~:'v! ~j J'd' oJf (;.v c
":'~-:r ..:..Iv_;'; V'~ ":'~r ..:..Iv_;'; L V' j J [;)~ _. L,r
J' d' 2.... v' !I' )"v L ..:..~DJ~j """ -?J J' j~ uk-- L dt:--J;:-Z
J"" J'dt:--J;:-Z j'. f L! J' (i ~ b~ 0:' ...fi f J,r ,.r,}
.!,L jJ)" uk-- uA .JJ''-Jf Jr.1J...l.. L I.)fo. Lfr Il.)r~.J
-.;f f ~"I ..:..'JlP j.J,lf,;-' """dL' J cI"'
J' rv' .I''J J>~ r~j O!t....fi v! d~~ 2... L I.)J~
'-J", -:V [;).:;i;J L ":".11/ f -: IJ '1/J v! ":"~'J.J
J'dt:--J;:-Z
.JJ' OhL I.)jJUo!
'I.)#. L,.f .::J {~'L! V'.J{~ """v,f '
Jd' ~ oJf t.t.v W", -:V ~j tt' L I.)~' 2.... L ~~~J J' d~
.;:.,:1 J'd' """V' j 1(Il.)jJ~ """~~rL I.)~'.JJ'J,r ~~rII.)j'.j
l.)j'.jJ'dt:--~u f,,r V(...:>, -:II.)J:t!' ",,)"v .JJ",r.J~' v! .lin
~ L I.)d'i .JJ'I.)J~ {~ -Lil ~ '-J d """
Jvi I
J~f.JJi".JJ'...it./'.J -I)Jf~.v oj'..t'JJ v!. U;;-~.J
J' ~~
~Iv~,j f j v! IJL UJJ L .;;;
tt' L U';' v!,ufo. J'~
,
L

v.:,

f~'

~ """ ~

J.s J.?o J t v! d' .IJ' O.JJ J' r;,j Jt:--J;:-Z

,j'..tt I(

~; II.)-"t:--~f'J 1I~-: L I.)~' J' rv' .JJ''J ~~L I.)d'i


J!L I.)J~)iv!Po L! VJ~' 2... L vIP ,;-' f '-J
,
(5)-V.Jg;' lu}J.j

v.:,

v.:,

160

"- ..:t' VI .nl " ,ft J,lft{ J'Zj "- ..:t' J ':;'.11{ .,;! u,~
.,;!cJlr,~ 2.... VI _ 'f-.1 ~ Jj7 .I~I,.:;,~ e: .. .,;!cJ~I
..J- ~

~ rJ

IJIJ (

VI.1,1~

v.! '.I~ r~ ...L u';1 2.... L ~~r

L u';I.A _Ii V'Lui.tf "f~

L~ 1J~~'"

2.... L J,; L .:;,IJ~J~....;/

-J ~,~

rul} f

.1,1~ J"; fJI/

(6)
J}

s:...f ~

,"

f v.! ~vr.:::;,
vI .,;!cJlr~ Iu'~
ft

-J::.J v.! .3'1,.- r cJIu~~.I,I .:;,GtPI'~~ ~i J '-;~ JIr~


LI, L.I cJ,bi.3'1,.- L cJI"- ..:..? J ,Jf 0.11( ~ f 2.... vI
uj;

.s: U'~ JIr,~LI,

Lft

JIr~
f d .:;,~ft,,,C)/

J./.I.)! (;,i J

r cJI".Ii' OJ!?'.I,I.,;!,f' JG:" L u.ilr,~

cJI_::;..

Lit IcJlr,~ v.!1.1,1~.3'I,.-

fOJ;"'.,;!

" 1#. cJ~

J '-;~

(.IJI L,.;"

.I Jf~

~y.

~I JJ} J cJI"-..:tJ vI .IJIs: z._.IjJI LIJ .:;,'.I?'

Jj .I,I':::;U,'~
J.tj

8J "-

JIr,~..:t' o~ "- .,..,..w(i "- .,;!"cJ'.


L cJI.t!;'O.lJ~J.i.It .IJI,y I"~J~4'0)'/1

..:t'

/t vI

8J

"-..:tJ J cJ'i.1vI LoA/I

-!J~.1

S..I- .nl ,-.I (ilj r;,; IJ.tj JI ft ~J

J cJ' .31,.- L At;! ":",,,L-r L V'

.3t.--

-vf ~oJ'...' oL 2.... L L.lI:/

v.! ~':::;J 'Jki JIv! Lft J.}l IvI .1,1" Jl.l o.l'J6,
J o)JGJJ cJ'.31,.- L V' _Ii "".I (ilj r;,; J~IcJI,.;:/ w(i ft
-v! J~ft u/1./..7.
Lft ;;-.1 I.)!~
f ft f L L uP. cJIPo L v'
.:::;u, of..,;! cJlr~ - L ~ zC "-.;:,;!~ _4:.. 'f-.1 J1 v.! '-.I{
,,)JzC ~.IiJL 1;;' f'J1 ..(G -: Iu,?C JIrJ~
"-..:tJ JLJ1 _;L

.I""

Jft

':;"J~

8J

161

S vlr J:. vlr J/.'1 LI/f J:. U;. '-/JJ ~Jj L


v.! U~ 2.... L JI,I.~vl.!i " L.MJI,I.~
L ~I JL' If~j J;/ UJ.?L ~Ji L UJ.?L J~JPz 2.... VI -v!'
eJ~j ""

J~JPz

fl.M

':t

~~...(I

~ VI.!

-...f f -=I S JL ,;-,

_I.M/ UJ.?L ~Ji e...(G u~j ~ VI JJI~

~~~

u ~Jj

J v.! t~IJ{ IJ{/ UJ.?L

-1/1 .,..,L I 4r J:. '"(Ji...fi~ /01 v.! .J! 'JjJ1.J:. cJ~JPz 2.... VI

L uJ'?'C
~Ji L UJ.J.C
J~JPz fl.M -: cJ~ Y JJ~VI
J; ~I 8J 2.... VI JlP>!t. JIl~ SUJ.3S ~~J~ S cJIJJIV(~2...L
L UJ.?L ~Ji ~IJlP L cJI~ ~ vI.! -f v.! (i ..::.J? J\)
(6)_fl.M;...!IJ.,(v

~IJlP

~~JPz.J.L ~Ji f ,J ~Ji' -: 0: S u;~ f ...Jj u/JJ


J .::/;
~ ~J
(,JJJ,;l)U: JJIJ~ V.-,
.a....;:_I L ' '"E/"v.
- ,{j v-. '"
'-'..
~~!tukj / UJ.J.LJI L J~JJf 2.... vl,J UJfl~ ~j J:. ("
jI;SUPyJJI(.J.L JI-.../ f'{ //1 Lu!.f {uJL L.!J
~I_i:.~f ~lPcJLj ~ J/~If~le"'(G~U~I?~SJ~JJf
"J J:. ~Jlf J~ .J.L ~Ji u/JJ JJI :t_/I ~ ~J S u?!/ JJ'.i
J..~ ~/,I./. ~ ~I eJ JJI I.M~L,.:;i /UJ.?L J~ ~ if- L Lf Ujl..tf
0: eJ ~Jj L ~I JJI fl eJ f .Mc,.~ L ~I ~ j;~ ...(1 .J. f ,;
L UJ.?L J~JPz JJIJ{ 2.... VI _L L\{ f.M
J:.~Jlf
~JI( S J{ fl/.M J~J:. JlP L c.I'-: JJI fl.M ~ ~ ~ VI JlP
S 0:JAS J{ L UJ.?L J~JPz ':;;'J L ~Ji' 2.... VI -'f-J j;}f
-s,jJJj ~J~JA-:J:.v'JA He
~ eJ?-: ~.M ~ /JIP ~JyI S~~ JPi Lj}fJ'j...Jj ";'J/
~~ ~~ifJ~tun J~ ~I(- L u?II ~Ji J:. ~~JPz f
r;( ~I ~,u~Jf~ ~ uj~ JJJ..t1 L c.I~JPz fy. / UJ'?'C
~j ~
y

\.I ..

t~ ....v

162

L J[ .l.CJ'~j-:.::....
(./ VI -,f J:)

-~

I:)'.)IJGJ

L I:I~J~ J;- OJ ~

JIJ

(J[ L if..J uJ.l.C Y JJ

;-1..--

-:
fi 1J =".,J) tfo L UJ'?'C ~)i ~I fLM i.. VI ~IJ -: ~.?C

-v.:I/)~'/(.::....u~j)y.

-s:~ JIrJIrVI~ 0'


1)J)j

)JI

)JI ~p

k.;k u! do L UJ)(111..--J~ u! J~

'-z )(111..---: u! J~

_~;-I..-- ( UJ~.lI
.s: ~J Jj Ifyl -:

~JJ

)JI s: Lljf ~ ( I:I~ IJ'J


)JI JJ:) )Il~ (fl)) J[ f ~~~
i.. v'.::.... J[ L I:I'_~

LV,-:,,/

L )J-JI DY ~

z: vI -J JIf-IJI;; J'vl u! ~)~ J'()'~~

'f' I:I~ I~IJI;o L UJ'?'C L J~

vI i 11)1 (~

L J[

.::....

-JtJV

-1J;-1..-- (

Jf L u';1 e: vI )JI

~rI~~
JL J'J[ L e J'J~

-~ L11J~J d~ )!P! .::....J~=".,J) dJ:!.30.::....IJ~

~z ~ ( U}IJ L.I
~I

fyl Po L JIJJ

~(

uk-- -1/% C11JI?

L )~I

L.::./';
~~

L vI )JI ..:.-.:L1J' J[ (./ vI

I:IJ~ ;-1..--

.r

)JI.?C

JI;,. '? '-E..if'(-? -1/%

d'

;-1..--

J.j lJ[j~.JI;.I u! ()')()IN

~)JIL2....::....Jl..--j

u! do '~j u! .::./';LJ,J'I:I'

JI?e)JJljll)!vd{)JI~')vl)!

e: L ~ L ~IJI;o

-H -::uVI
--d~)JI

j)_}

,-)IJI

0'1)

?~'~ I:I~'::""

Jt.i').If

IUy"I;Y.J: ~)j L ~~fl,II JJ)~' Jf'I:II)JJ u'


~L# -:~
I:I)J ))1 iIi i.. u' -J t.i') % -d -JtJV L 1:1'
_'i
.. )JI'L L.l1f ~JJ'::"" I:I~J~ /)}., j'~~. y. -H jJ' L LL~.
-: ~)j L l:)i~ )JI LJ'i ~~I?'..JtJV
L -:J) ))1 ~JJ J'I:I' L LM

)JI

~fI

e)

f J! J'~I
f1764 -tJ/,; J} ft J/H f t()'J.I;:~(),k.h{. v".;LJ, L J[ ~;j
L d,Ji!.1.) u! fI773 _L~

u~';Y ~

163

JY'_;r jJi.",.:..tJ.1r L J{~Jj L ~I ~I ~ u!


J,IIJ1~'; .J.-l.- r~; J -:;,,1Il1u!,]f t:::- P. L VI
f cJI ~,I,f J~ r/ J L)J11Jt-cJl_Y 0;" tJ1 ~J.1.I ~, JI.t1.!1
_; ~~JI ~ cJlP J: J,I J _;
...rr J! lSJ .:..~!tDJ~j t:::- DJ~;
-1.1.1
VI JJI lSj.1 u!..r JDJIJIJ,;"- -(I J{u! -to L .:..IPJ.1.I1
cJl

_~rd L
a, L ~;tJ.

':"?J U

.:..~ -: t:::-

-:i

/$ vl-k' f f'" f J1;;1 ~k--;;-'", cJ~,pz L

t:::-

Vir J~,pzj _;) wfI u!'(;;J/ L,]f


-:JJ

u! cJ~,pz si- Jr u!/.

L ,]fJJI L)~""; vlr~! _;)lS/

:ti't:::-

.:t' JI, L)},J cJI

JJ

v! L)~J~JI J

J,I

-lJ.!l t:::- i~L .:...,IP .:i)J /.'/. u!


J

_LJ1J'!i ",cJ~,pz

-1

Philip Anderson

:The English in Western India.


London, 1856. P.P.5-7.
268-97

John Fryer.

v:

"~1-2

:A new Account of East India


and Persia. Vol.l, London, 1909,
P.214-1S.
12_1 :~.JJe-3

159-156: cf J~I
248-247_1 :J~

J.B. Tavermier

:Travels in India. VoU, London -4


1925, P.7

Manucci

:Storia do Mogor. London, 1908,


Vol. 1,P.62.

164

Maurice 1 Taya

Zinkin

A. Loyal

:Britaia.and .1...
Requiem for
an Empire London, 1929, PP.ll31.
:The Rise and Expansion of the
British
dominion
in India
London, 1929, PP.34-49

J{ ~}f~f

J& ~f 1f) : J.}'J f If) -7

41J"';i

218-216:..t - ,1976- )"~

165

fI8S7

JIJj ~

~ (1), (e-I'::;; VI

v. cJ~Jk

J{ 'J;I~I

13'1J oj v. uY'" J:f L cJ~J~ _;~ L VI .nl ,J (j.l Yl !{


/.f Yl ~ 'v! J,~ JL111.l7. Ifif. (iii ~ -v! (j.l _;I vii
J JIJi .IJIJ,~ ~ ..II/)~/~ A L ~;~ L VI 1i~.1
IfcJJ a,r .r .::}JJ J JL,:. .I~IrJli~ ,:. 'Ii r,;; r ~j1), j ,:.~ L

~~ If UP'LzoJ J:f .IJIU~

~ ~ v. .:-tJlr cJI -~
~/

JJ ~

Yo

f cJ~

v! (j.l cf. ~;

L.I J~I.I~ L uj~


.I~.IJL U;'-~.1.IJIU?;

If U?;

,:.1; 'j~jl/l

'U~_; O~

U/; L~A L~ L.lL

s. 'f-.1 Yl Jljl 4-'-' L

(j (j U~J.IJI
.IJIffPJ
cJI

'~j

'uj~

~J '~;.

s: v. J If Lff

_;~

~/(JJ

.s: .:1L U? jV
_Ii ~

If v. J'i JL11" .Ii' J~I/ ~;~

J~

.I1/.~

_Ii r J~~

r ~yl 'f-~

z~v

L r,;; (~
L "':'"'"
cJI r (II ~ J'f ~

J~IIf ~;~ _Ii cJ~ 2... L r,;; L J'i~ .IJI/.~ It' p.


2... L u/; -i.;! (j.l J'f f L f -f1~ .::..';;>J If r,;; J~0'

I.l.l;

VI

2... v'

-~

r,;; J~OJ i z

v. JJ)' If ~j1),.Ii

Yo;

-1/J'f f~

tJ~.::.. ..:). .IJI(i J ~


.IJ'J~

'~-'

0:-' v..IJJ L .I~I

t..t!' uL.t: ~f.l~' ~j1), If .I1/.~ .IJ'..d' vIA j LJ'f U'Jij


If cJ~JPi J{ ~,!gl~I V. .:-tJlr cJI _,J jYl ~I If a r,;; J~
J~JkV. JIMIIt' L vI o/.'.::..,,::,?- If ~.I1JI~ V.~~
OJ

.IJJ

,.:. o

..:-~y 8J~ja: 8J~j2... ,;-f

JJf~lif e.tG e~G"~c- u#.

,_;!/ JJf~~ J~JPi IJ} L (~L

L ur~J

Jf ,_;!JJJJf..&:fVf vi~IP

IJc:JIJJI..:-1'JJ(IiS uk L U";I ,.II) ~/. ( ...f .JP vI


~k-- J~JPi s: 7-J v.! J j 2... L(" J~JPi ~ -::2... vf r;
,;-f ,.I~ f!J'ljj'L J_;jvf If ,_;! elf-::~ l:hJ JJfJr-f' ..:-1fJJYo ,_;!
v! ur1J S eI~JPi Yo k"J~f IU)'.) I)i el' L U";I 2... L JI_t;f
,J IU':?J ,;-f c- ~j JJffJPJ ojJJ"";iJVS UJ1lr (/- ~ LJ'l

~ fJ~f

-yiJ t~j'-.J J'ff '-JJ?J 'tl/


is v!
Yo L~

~J~ Jt..:-/. JJfJt JJJ-::,_;! ur1J J cJ~JPi


J'l..:-60:;1 v! ?"i"~JJIJUf JUf v! Jif} S ? eI~ ,.I~

Yo S

o-~JJf~k--

J~

-k" J~f Iu}J.)

J~JPi.2.. LJ'l
v.!f L

"..:-fJJIJ S~Jjj'j

J'

Jf'" ~ J'lbi- ,_;! JJJvf )_;jf

do v.! L~ ..:-~fJ~

L
UfJ'UIVOJJJJ:" I)iJ 41~elfJ"" U.fr-f d ~k--

S eI~JPi ,.If J'l ojf~f c)'-/21 L J~

v! JJJVf(l)_~ 1/

,J f 0: c-

LJPJ

u! ..? ,;-f

Jf_t;fcJf~1V
Y JJLf'( IcJf~1V~ r; ~ J'l'( J~

uk"

.fUf IU.fJ'.

If reI~

L UIVJ.R/ _y.1ulV;~/ L UIVOJJJJ v! JI':: _I) ~f


JIP0:. -~f ..:::
J} fl!.z

J~U~'r;

v!J~

f'

J..::;u, IU;~

C- -?J

L elf(f' 'r;

J}

c-.::/; 'r; c-

J;i
J"IP
elf~1V

k"..:::"J f_t;fifl.d L J
.2..2!:.f

J;#-I"
IuJ'.

~IJJ (~ S LI/

J IU':?J JJfU"-'_7,;-f

JJfO~ SJ~I t,j UfJ~

UIV(i

C- LJPJ

C- fl'J

L 41JJf
UfJ~

L,J L UIV.:;JJ ~IP L .JJ.Jf[.;11(2)-11/J Iuh JJf k"J)J


S .JJ.JIt,I1(3)-1Jf c,~ ~ojl ojl c-f k"Jai' ":"'t---fJ JL ~ el' ~
Lf O;JJ"";iJVS vf 'f rf '-1lr "' vI f rJ'v? "cJ'i ,.I" ":-J~

167

-~
':".I~ J j' .IL ._!;} v! ':".I~ J't i ~Y v! ~; J~.1 :: ~
j.,r ~.J~ JI J' .:J. J '":-"lj o: 1.1' .IJ'
tJ./
d_)' d.;;)1L U~J~ LfPJ i V~ ~~ ~ L u}W' o: f1748
(4)-V/ OJ r.4)) ~j'.I; 1.1' li' IJIP ~~ e...Ji. L 1.1' .IJ'Vj'I
,.;>'.1J ,-:,,'}i j.,r ':".IJ/ ~ 2_ L u~V ~ ':::;JL -G.
...J,..l.- 1.1' .IJ'~ L.I J~J.-cl: J"J/.; ~ uJ.I'~; .IJ'UJ..1.L
'uP-V
1.1' i J,,* {;,j Lt' ~ L u(; tJJ.lJif -~L~VJ~' ,,:/~(' /t v!
~ 1~.1~, J"u; L 1.1' ~.,J.I:: ~ L.,r-;::..J.I
J1J 0' jJ ...fi ~j ~
0: L UJ..1.Lu-?tj .IJ' :t.J', VJ~J
V.'(5)-1J -;::..J.I L ,-:,,')
V.I~' 1.:..1'J.l0k-- U' (j' J' (j~J.P; L uJ-"~.J L 1.1' .IJ'~~~,
uyl' u~ v! J~ 2_ 1.1' -VJ~' Iu}J.) U' (j' 2_ L Jv~U'.IJ'
. ,.
J' ~1lr .IJ'.:..?.1'u?;t.-- tJ.I~.IJ ~IP .I'.ti' vk-- ~ ~ ~ L
s: 6h ':::;J1.1' o: (j~J.P; Yo VJ~' Iu}J.) U' (j' L tJ;.IJ"";iJP
~ ,~ .:..j J/2... L J{'~ ";>JJ' uj~(j' v! JJ L ,j'2... 1.1'
-J.,r
1.1' .::/;tJ.:: L u,f'
J' uJ:!j j~J.P; -=<fi v! {;,j S~
.::/;tJ. --?/~, Yo 2_ 1.1' -~ ~ ~ .::/;tJ.~, L ~ f J'.I~' 2_
-~ L.,r~ .I~'; LJ"'~' OJ c;!.I.I~'
(itj /(;J) Lv' f .1 ~ I';-J (j~ 2_ 1.1' ~ 2_ L ~eJ
,y ~ u".} .IJ'u _.(Zj
tJ.I'J~JJli' OJ ~";>J 0' .IJ'~ V

-I

I.:..~(~~,

.;!

-v

-I

r~,~

_~L.f

(1)
t~ ~~, J' u-"'j.f):.IJ'~j 'ffPJ 'J;t.-- J1.1 J' (j~J.P;

168

.e:~

J;I..:;.... vII! A~.J L J[-v!


JU;I ...f U~ s: L.f J~I 4-.7 L (' fi OJ V- L.f
UJJ~ J{ ...f .:iJJ VI ..:;....
J;~ oJ t.) 0' _i:... ~ uiJJ if- V- VI

IJII ~JJJJI?
'"(fi r~IP

':'-?J

~ rO'e'(SJ[ r./I...fl

tt -I ~ ;/...:;....
UJit;.-J~v! YI JJI
=

J1~

Jju, J:' ~"' cJl_i:...~ J~ J}


JI~.J L J{ f"
OJ 1%
J~Jif- -Ojl_tl JJ J~J~ ~I ~" ttj}fJlj _;j ~Jf' eJIJI
_~.:.-L# V-,...I.-l- LU~I;r~",,j>. V1-fo C)JIJJJI
iJi
" C)Ip r 'f~ tJj
L C)I..f

V- UJit;.-J~? r" JJI...fl V- ~'e'(S C)I

'-1 JJ1 tf (il UI~ J....; t.f .:;,/!2_ L ~Y't.f (II'~

~ 2_ VI - J./.
~UJ1C)v jt;.-J;;.z OJ 7~" (lSi J~I (lSi fi 2_

rr ~

(jV ~.fA" UJ;!J' L.:;,/f L 4.1'JJIJJ1


ok-- S J[
if-vl?I '( 4.111t!;:,.;
~.f r? L {:;~I t!~..:;....I L (I' ji ~.f
ok-- J J{ 'f- Jr J....; ~1I~ v! ~k-- J C)t;.-J;;.zflJ1 tf
&0 J-Je VJ L v' ~ 'v!)v t.f {:;Y.V JJIJ~I 1ft:! .:.-IPP
JJIJJ1F cr.~...fl J-~J JI ~JJIJL1~t.f C)t;.-J;;.z'LJ1,;,i.;:
JJJ

JJI 41JJI'J?

Jt 'j~

L J{L.fF

'J?' L

if- L

(lSi L J~I L OJJ..Jj jJ1}

..:;....
u~.) JJIuk 'uil.{

ok-- J;I 1U;'-~J U/JJ

= ..:;....vI ~ L

JJIIf

J~ C)I2_ L

2_ L

J; JC)V'JPi":;""J;~ J-JCJ~I = -fJ.:.-I{..:;....

~ 1(1' jt;.-JPi flJ1

..ijJOJljr _;u;LuJJtf~Lr

~JIJ1':'-:~

U~ i:... L uj~ '" C)I(I' Jr ~JJI JLJ eJ~j..:;....


oj~j

Uiy;!_
_/ylil4-

V- vI

ji ~

JJIUJ~IJU~ U~ .::/!t.f UJJ'


jJ1}f~J.f.:.-:~ -: L DJei:... 4ft..:,.-(,..:;.... C)I..:;....J;~ ok--

(I' u~Jv! J-~J

V- ~

t.f ui.'i

~Y't.f (I' L

C)V'JPiL

(L J/"

t.f /l)JJI(i 2_ vI

~~J

J' vI L

r~ (1:1ok-J1}J Jlf ..:;....


(Uii J~I d.?~ ~ 1
4.1'~ UJ1;;

169

'Jyl

0'' 'J-'? L

L I!)I.t1P

.J~.JJ
LIJ

~~

~/

r VI-Lf ,f-'

L .:;:;jl p. i:.. ~UI. ,.1)14-/


if .A!IJf L ~ ~.J~ P. J~'(~ /-.tl V'/(11 f T -:~
-~rJr1.J U/ JJS I!)~J~ JJ J(JIP If..~ 1.f11l{ "c,tl...f
~ i:.. Lfl.JI:/"

~LL,il J J;!J

e"

(2)
I!)I.::/; S J[ J..I!)~J~
J J:~e_ ;-1.-- ;-1.-- L 'T"JI~ .s: 'f-.J.f1VJ.J
J..1!)t;.tl';:;'J vI
I!)~J~ ~I./I L vI i:.. 'f-.J.f1~ J.. -1-" L 'T"JIvI P. ~1)ii ok-~IP~IS J 2...L.J.J~.I. JJ) ~IJ[-i:..T.J ~~V,.J ~ J..
.JJI2... L...6. ~ .::/I.J 41!)~J~ ~IP~I -: S J[ ,j 0'.1f.J~I
.J. -f' L ~IP~I I!)I2... vI .JIAJC;:I2... L (II ~ ~IJ.J
0.1. AJI J:~J ok-- J 0;), S ,-}lr ~ vI .JJI1J ~ f!lt / ,-}lr
:"Je ~.f1'/~~
~I.Jt " vI i C~1'; / _;f 1.Jp )i ';:;'J L~ vfy
(1)

p.,j O'.J.f1'/~~ ~1)iiJ~1J~

v!

-J&

_C~l/eP ( J{ 4- S Ji.Jl J.. J)~'


-J~J',f-' IYj J'~~~Ij2...LJ,:.v.y J..J}~ fC.f1

c..!f>I~"JI

fi~

L j~I L~; ~Ij

'-t' tlltll

~ J.. VI

i 1.f1(.;V (llii

( '-~

cI'.I.-f' ~cc: k: J.. ,,:,j J/


(Ii S LII J.. ,,:,j L J..JeJ J,[ ~.1.1.1. L LI'J;-~~
-~ cc: f ,f-' 'J'~ ~ U.Ji~Ly.J
"
.J~ ..:JPI.. J.. ~tJ.lr
0;), ~f i f.f1 V; I!)}'i ( UJ" S e-r.:

~Ij

(2)

(3)

J.. J..J2... L

(4)

-01/

_'.f1I?: " L~LII

>. ...(1 2... L Jt.~ J.. Jk-

(5)

170

-J~~J}u:t,fubjJlt~
-,f I~ Ji ')t L)! ,jf If!J, L,.)I; L J'
,f I.)fl L .::./f ~ ~)j L if. (fI8I9) ~') J? ct/;
(' L)! I.)j)~; )j' I.)j)/.~ ~

v"~ J:) J' ~

{/.~ '~')
-ll{~

(6)
(7)
(8)

v?,~>. >. ~ Ji J ':::;'j V' L)! iy) s _/'L I.)i~


LJ'i) (I.);J'~2... L I.)~ J} J J!~(.;V t~ (i

(9)

_L

'JA L)!

J1 U:t,'/' -,f'~ JJ 4- L)! I.)~~ L .::-IP~' J.j

-{j~ JIiZ'-' ( ()~i,f ( lSi~' 't'jj;.o J"J'1.::./'f ,f ,fi U:t!,


~ ,f ~j '( ( ~ oj >. ,f ui .:)v ,f ~ L)J:)~ L)! I.)}()jl ..Jf
. ~ 2... L.::-~ .::-'j ~' L U~, u:~, i ,~( ( L~ L/. )jl c.l~~'
)j' jRi~' i ~,~~~ L)! if.,~
( (~ oj ,f( (j ~, ~ '1Pf

Jk> J~tL l.)}jJc.l~


L~~ J' ;#_i. c.l~-: ~ u.f~, ,f ,..u,. u' u:JIiZ'-' ( I.)yi)(
j ,.JiiJ U)~j)( -:,J. L~ 'J~ ~J, ( 1.)..r.:~jRi
';"')j L c.l'fi:.. fl.
(6)-k"

_i:..fl.L~~

i vf'~u~LfJ:L)! (', L c.l~jRii ..J) ~,

L .::-IP~' c.l'

)I..~,j'{)j' (j -:{J",V' Lb)C -J~'~JJ 4- L)! ~j..J) U/jJ


J{ V- ",:,,0;1' V' _~i ~,.J' ( fI857 L)! ,.;:. L (J~ V' ~ (J~ (
~..::..Y.) v?u, j~jRi..f
l.::-j J.yv ~ J; ._fi JIP/-.::./f ,f
~, ~~( L)! V' ~ (J~ ~, c.l~)J L l.)"'Uii J~' jJ fI857
'J'{-=<'j) ,f c.l'J(t,f c.l~jRi~}f2... V' -~ ~ J; ;:,J t~ lSi

-v!'

-,J d ,f J'/,. .::./'; J'/..::..Y.)


,.
)j'

171

(3)

Jl
S t! S S
~J S1:)1 svf'~JifJ: ...;! el' L L)r.

~...;! el' 'f- cC ~ IJ.'J ~


L~;;;i ....;i:I/ ....~ L 1'1857
L ~JGo! 1:)1
fl..c:I
~JGo!VI L L)r. ~ r L)J1j ;;;i~

Jl
~1Pf.L.#I
J.j SJ[ 4i

,/.

)JV...
L L)y.j Po L ~JGo!0;:..
. '!'- ~..:-Ly ..:-Ij.nl ......-1--'
r el' ~
,v-r

8J fl/),f. ",..:-~
1)'1 /
..:-;Z>
)JI JI) jr.;: '~"" tt ~
e~

J'

S
1)'1 )JI 4./.J;-L.-r el' -LJ1 e: ;-L.- L el' L J[ .Yo -JiJV L (u;,. el'
L 1)'1 )JI J[ L UJLhl) (V el' ~ ~ 1'1857-v/ JLh) S ",:",tI .
r uJ1j

..x ':')J ji L

/, y;),f.
8J

U';I

S~

2.... 1)'1 _i:.. ..:-liW hI

~J SL)J1j...;! L,)'i)yI

JP! )JI 1/~

s: t;; ,f-' J) J~L)~ J-~)J~

Jk

~ UJA~.Nf

J ~...;! 4;-J;-L.-

0/JJ -Ly;

;-L.- L el'

-SJ.J,S J[ "';iJV L uy}j )JI 'f-) )IJ~JL J[


eti L~~Jlj ....;i:I/ ";;IJ 1)'1 Ly; -; b)L S 1'1857v! )JJ J.:..A!
~J
ar' ~
,.I~
.. )Jj /.,.~L vr'l7'-"
oj~I J/r

UJJk

a--'~ ~ v. '! v,
,.,1 0;:.. LIP. IJ.'J ~

_0;:..

,v.-,,,

u! 1)'1 )JI oj L u;~ ...;)'"


....G.S1'1857f LJ1

-t!....G.J;>SL);~

)JIJk....G.~f 'f-~..:::;? f~,f-'

L L);lJ..-'"f); if.I./.J L)~V ); 0' J! L L)JJk...;! vI


~ L)J'l./t
It.~ 1Wr....G..VI'
r'I f~L.. tJ~ ~ /..:::;?
.. _~ ,-.!cL.,v..,.
vVI -

L elt:-tl i:.. LII' r_;,/ elij


y

el~ JJI /y

JL L (;(Jk 2.... L Lj
y

tSUi.t~ S..:-~1)'1 u! 1)'1 ~ elk:.Yo u! ~)


.Yo

'ul;J;; nl/JIlIL u;~

f 'f- ~ -=; ~

)JI Jk

1)'1 Iy; .J,i/. JJ. ~

~L J')jj ('!jJ
--?/ J; u!.::/$ 0)1a" f 'f-

~ _/

L I)'I'~

I)'y~

oJ!

....
~L 1'1857-t!J~ ~~ SJJ ...;! U;~ )JI L)JJk L UJJ!
S1:)1 f i:.. L~ L)~/ J;/ J~J~~ L)~ IL)-tJ~Jk '~J;; ...;!
L UV~ ()"J )JI i:.. LA 2.... u~ { u! UJ) Ij~ L JJ 8J 4y;

172

p. u~V ,f u~J~ 2. LIA 2._

L Lj '-

UJ~ J.IY

,+cC fv.! ~~/-,-I''-l:Jv!..AvILu~1

.nl ,f .I~I .:;,~ L ':;'Ju.t..Ju; L J[ ~ ,1' 'i- ..:;;;}> -=

-&" L ,~L uiL"


eJ '-

?-'~,fl

.:iJJ1.1' j 'I~ v!

'-,? .Iltil r (;)1v! (;)~~

-~~ jJ r ,~I L .::./'f

v.. (;)~~

JJYI

L P.

1/,1'i:..,:, ~IJ r./ O.l{ '- .:;,tJlP


.IJI..::..--k--,f
(;)~~
1.1' v! ,1857 ~i:..~, tf (i .::./'f 0:1. >. ,f 1.1'~ i:.. ~, ,~I r

~ u

..J/..ij

-=,1't! ~

l,f

I)!

,1'1/v.! .Ii

".:;;;}>

(;)V-~

(;)1~

J; 0:.1. I..A 1.1' L P. 0:.1.

1.1' L U~I -'i-.1 JJA._. uiL"

'+ ,f U~JPi-=<1' ~ L/.! I)!

,1' Ii-= ~

b" (;)1ji

,f (;)I-="~

j',/.~(j

'-A I uJJ~fJf J'(j '-

I (;)L"

(;)~J~ UJ~

,~'- ?-'~-1if' J.U


v.. u~JPi..J) 0/ JJ.IJItJljtJ~f ,f 0,1 J0:.1. .IJI~ l..ij
p.1t:J,f J!fl (""JPiLu? L.t1~I.:;,";;IJ -vf'~u~lf~
v.. (;)'-I/J); /ij '- ~ 0:.1. 11.1' 'i {~J/ (;)'.IJJL,.,.~ v'
f (;)~I b" .:..r~J~~I L U? ''i- JIP,f ~I ~ ,f ..II.sItS}".
:~if":"/If ~ ~I 'L
1.1' 'f ~jJ

r cf.J.IJ"~J. L '-y'JJ 1.1'L

e~

":,,V

(JIV

.1;/

e~J~ ..II .sl

't!

.:)1 .IJ

..J

liJ

Jj

JIP

.J('" ,-A ,-I


,f.t1 J...; v!.IR p..J('" JI{ --&' L U~I
,1'1i ,.,JI--&, -= it..t1
L UJJ~'- 1.1' tf J....; it
I..ij vt f ~V"'.:? o.lr{JIFI("" J~ L 0,1 J .IJI~ 0:1.
L '~J~-1/ .A Ib-: b"JI.;:L U~I i:.. ~ tS}".-(II)! J'J-l/.IJ/"
NL U~I 'LJJI.;:'- J'v.! v..~ ji JI ,1''{{ '- (;)1"1.1'

Ji> .:;,~~

~vL vI ,fl(1)-1h j~'- v'f~'v.!'

j~,

L '~J~{VI '- U~JPi

173

oJ.!

..A J v! ,1857 -J/ _;~ 0VI L:r

I~ v!'"
cJtJ..--"~ .Po
-V!.JJiJI cJ~~}
I.))JJ",,~I)I LVI

Ji Jiji J} / ,.,.~vI L r P.L

UJI;;JcJ~J

cJ'V--~~ /.

-?/ v'.Po'~ ~J/-i / I.)~ ~I" ~ v! Jp. L~}


.JJItJ.:, ""
IIJ ~
P. L..J(; L ~~ vI L I.)J.Jl!cJIJ',{',fL
J.Jy"
/ I.),.!~.JJI
/0Lf .::.,.'t .JIJGJrI.)J:/I /Jj j L.n.JV/

JJ)

OJ>

:'T- J~0vI cJk: r.IJI.-!


1.)(; ",:,1) L ~/. !V ('j'
(;,}'J'~~,_t!/{':"Ju.tJj;I L v!
,..I.;; _tlJ)
vII) .JI.J:.1J
r~ J'.1'o nl

.nJ~IJJI.I~
'e~

'J,./.

"./.1/

vI _I) JJ.J'" ~ '.J~1:1J:J.J (/- ytJ ~

J5 .JJI.JiI.)~

J'. -1/v!' ~,rJ. f" -Bf L ~~.J.J;: .JJI1.)(; ~ """

~J

-? -~}_,(~ f" .I,? "" L (;,}


L cJ~~....,; ..ilJ
V- .Ik#' '-/- (J vI (I) ~.1 J I.),.!~J~1/,.:.! ~I L v!
cJI~/ If- ~ I.)~I)'1.)1;1P. -1/y ~~p. L 1.)';1 -l ,fv'-'''cJ} J~r d,; V- V'v!"",,(;,}S....,;
.IJ'IJ/(8)YIV 1/IJ/- v!
JI.JIfj~ '~~ tt:,)i e~ .IJI.-!
v! do 'lhl.l.J? L ,1857
~~y Ifdo -~ L" L~ L J[.Po~ Jj eJ =v! ~ ~j6> .IJ'
~J} ~ r cJ' "" d) V- ~ V'
VI -v! J" J5 "" cJI
f Jlr..:J> J;I eJ ""A V- ~.J~ 0~k--rfl) J~ _J. I),f- ';1/
V' L ~~ tt J~ 0v' L vf f ~(p .I,_t;,.IJI~~y J"J/ L

z..

v! ~rvI _I) ~~

I~

f /..I; v'

z.. L..::,.,;>,'~'

eJ /.

:"Ie - /.

L U":I.Po'T-

d' "" ~r

V!,j-- .Po SI.)J.I


'.J:."'".IJ'I.)~ I L u,.:,

uJ,f-V!,j-- = J!V- _;L; L (;,~ ~I L


ALJiJ~ :
~I,)J

174

J;.I,IJir;

AL.I'l; 25
AL.I'l;

-1

.I I;r.,...

-v? ~VJ.1t" JUJj~ ,R.


.I I~

AL ~"'.1 13
AL ~"'.1 35
(9)AL~"'.1 6

)~f

~~

.I,' e.l~

J,~0" A v! ';:'.I~ J ~~r~L" tt


O'~ ,1'~ v!....
~ V' ,1'1) r~ e~ .IJv.JI, If.. z. ~f tll f ..::/}
v:jJ .1,1.;:,Ly.lJ.I~.IJ~',j'::;, V' s: 'T-.I.f ,J.1P r .I,' J;:j
(10)4J
J
, cJ~ .I,' ~

.;:,yt

eJ~

L u,)'Z. ,'//
OJ

j'.

L .j'rIL u,J, v! ....


~ vI L f1857

-lk- if.! J:" I:t:::- uJ..; J', LJ1 Ji~ t:::- cJ~'~ .I,' cJ~~

Lu';' _~p

Ji'l L f~'L (lSi L'{ .1,1s: ~f wI oty v! tiL

(' V'.I~.I~ v! ....


~ ~.I{ V' ..j~ 1/if.! oj';:' r.;:,111,.I,' J; J..;Lj
A L.f'( 'VJ. L J{ j'. f .;:,I,tl,I' (1.7 cJlOJ ,1' LJ1.;:,tL'" L
~ ~~J.lljt;,;/
L J{ dif if "e _L tJ)'o;:j f .;:,~I,.J JI{ t:::-

v!

-'T-f ~.115.1~t:::-' .1,1 'T- (.I JL)JJ;:.z -= f J~ L .IJI.-!cJr;{Vi


2... L ut.~"':'""t.t.lJ~ t,;(i/. v! uk- f S~ tf " vi L u';'(ll)

...fI S L~ J~ if.!, t:::- ~~ S .::/f f ~


.I,' 'T- c~til u,{
L""J,'J"'.I;~/.(12)_L~
~.f'(0:1(.1 V' 2...vl'T-~ I

v? tJ.3.1f -:J'~~.1,1 J;:j .;:,J '~..z fl/Ji I,)! cJ~1 -..f' ,;-'
~, .1,1fY' v! ,;Lj L J{ ~ -v? j;;f v!..u. L cJy J~,~

j'.

t:::-

""It'(13)-IJ1;

ul-f

I;jJ1 if' OJ.lJIjJ1 if.! .;:,J S uil;:r;


J

/..
.;:,~
V' LJ1 L) ",:"IVt:::- UJ.7.l.IJ'UJ)Kj

v! J'IJ1VV cJ~1j'.

175

tf Un L -?)J JJI v! .::)I~ v! J...I.- L ,.,.jp ~I ..( ~ )Jj "


~ (iv!?'"~ V'(14)+ J7 4- tf cJIYo 'i- C~t.t1}'IP"~I})J
..('i- Ci v!

cr

Jlr ~ iV1~

j~

1;;...,1;;;i J',I

~~ L

~ ..(1) 1i CJ1~ v! cJ~Jk <:~ .11..-- L ":,,,tI vI ...f .)If

rr )I_t;y /. cJ'~(;~ JI)JI

(I'i

J (I'

JJ1":"JI,;!';iJPL cJ'~(;O'~ cJy


L 1.:)1 s: ?.J .JJJ.JJI J) I;;... u~~ (li 1.:)1

-fl P.)I_t;I~fi -bj

c?

J~ J/I.)! J~;~ J~~cJ'~(; O'~.1.::/;


1.:)1

L~_; J.- J/r

(I'_~

fI857

.:;$ ~'

)JI

z.:

.:;$ ~

.JJII) P. JL,.J--I

u,J JtJ ~
J~Jk e: L

1$'

z_ vI - J[ ~ if. e: JL,.J--I~ 1$'.11 I.:)y


L cJlp L ~j _y ~ ~ ){/. v!,.,.~vI L (I' L cJ~Jk

-v~

L cJ~Jk
It; I~..Ar Jj ~
-f!vI JJ1 ":,,,k-~--fi ~"J~ ~ if.f ~~ .J:.~).~ vI ..:..~..Ar
J{' 2.... v' ~ l5.J~I;;... ..:-~ L ":,,,JJjilJ:r- .JJIJtr J uk-- Lhl.JL
L o"'J~J)JI ~

I;;...

Uiy

-J.!J1'( fJ1.J~r

u#. L~i .JJIJ;I..--'Jliiltv?u,...;J~

(4)
~I,.v

J -...id~ V/1;;...1)J L cJ}J Ji cJ~Jk""~

CJ1'AI'J ~I ~b.JC D~

I;;...

ui~ (V cJI~

'LJ1)~

L fI857
~(

'L

LI/ .,.JJIL. v."",))fI857 -~, l% ";iJPL UJt.:7 J ..:..~I} 0'.1 In Yo ~, .


..:-~ ~~.J
L.JI_t;IJ

.JJI~

.)Vl~1/t

u! if-'~

(J~

!:-.JI_t;IJ.)

--f' ~.11;1 .JJI..:-~IJ.J..:-y;i


,,?)iI.:)~JPi-JJ1d~

1;;...,1 ;;;; Ifl )JI 1Jf JIJ I.)! .Nt .J:..Af'f

L U';::~JPi 2_ vI JJ1 f';"

~ filS!

~j

l.Jr

uk-- .JJ'~}I

~j

JIiJ I;;... JvJ


~

,JP Jj

cJJ.l I;;...!

v! cJ~J~

I.)!1.:)1 L J~tIf' ~ JJ1 (~t-fi


_Lf'.J'..Ar.
M

176

LIp
:Fall of the Moghal Empire I,
Calcutta. 1950.P.P.59-60.

J. Sarkar

178-175:'"

<rT '*"") .JJf bJC -2

111-104:'" (T '*""): "~f-3


80-79:'"

(J,f '*""): J V' -4


62-61:'" : "~f -5

15-12:'" ,1958,;tr ,1857: ctfJ-f I;/.' -6


144-143:4.1 '1960JJ(J~,.,.:J'LJf.t~

rPiL~:..J

U~-7

JJL.!Ul; ",:"fi:J:1f I(,1857OJfji ....p.: ob. s: ;.c-8


166-165:'" ,1966~

P.c. Gupta

:Nana

if

Sahib and the Rising of-9


Cawnpore. Oxford. 1963. P ..P 8781.
135-1344.1 : U~ .1-10
5 '" : I;/.' -11
11 : 4.1 : "~f -12

31 :v:"~f -13
36 : '" : "~f -14

177

L ..J'J v' s:tf- 2_ v'.::..t" Jl.i' I)! b.l Sd!;:--J-'1I,,1857


I(I;.j J'1.1.L U,), .J.~ (. (~L UJJt .;/ _:,I)! d!;:--J-'1Po
~f ~ 1.1':.0' 'i-' I)! d!;:--J-'1Lf J_.;?
/i -tf- LY;I)!b.lLf~
y; (~ ..:..~ ~
I)! '-A L V' tf- L11u~..; ~J, Yo f ..J'~ r" &J

'v.r Lf JJ:::_J1 ~ ,;-' ,;-'


.IJ' uiV

I.::..t" S'_;;'J V' .IJ' v.r L~

i)y'

'uif..vk-' ~ "" ,,'k.' -: f' 'f- 21.-- L '_;;'JL ,,1857;;

..:..'J' ''':'''Y'' L ..J'J v'

I)! ,,'k.' ~ji

+~.1 ~

r .!$.I)!

if..

or:

L:,,1857J!;:--J..tjJ"".I ...f UJ:t!,.;/ Jy;.!$.1f Yo",..::..::;' .IJ'


)"1)
.I;' v' r.::/, OJt"' d' .IJ' s. ';j .I;' V' ~ rlJ;,&J

J~J

&Jj

(t (.I~~'.L

-: ~.I~

UJJI"e

-S~

..:..~f

J'", (.;,-iy'V'.L U,),

J,_;!"".I~~' Y; (Ii L d!;:--J-'1f~J~;",

V'.IJ'

1J

L V;.IJ' j' 1~
.IJ' JiG".::/' SUJJt v! ~!;:--J-'1s ~ (_,P
1..1' fl) ';J!? L ":"JGo!
&J 'y; ....~ Yo .IJ' 'y; J'J) Yo r u.i!;:--J-'1.;U;
...:..1I1PL 1857.L ()y.J eG"J.IJ'J.if~ 'U~ d!;:--J-'1do 2_

~~.SL.).i!;:--J-'1(';" -: fk"'A;'

r ..:..~V' .IJ' 1f"".I".;':;_'.L U,),


_I)
.;U; L.::/;
JiG" ~

1~t
L ..J'J v' r I)! ,.'k.' ~

. ui'.v~'uiY' oiU,/.1)! '-A


f:ijk.~V vif-:I)!ji .IJ,LtJ.I ~",..:..~ Luj.ly' .IJ'
-0-: "e _Ly; J.,,;..:..y;i L u.i!;:--J-'1v! ~~ L '_;;'J 1..1'
~ vi' if- )J' I) ~~ r ..:...?- 2_ L UJJ' '_;;'Jr,,1857f 'f- .:;;;?

178

-Jf I.f') Yi)~

,_?u, jl;:--JPi ~j ~j )J' ~~) Yi ~ )'tl' ~ c.I'


''::-J~!, "";iJ,7 L.::/; ~')J' ~ ~) .a,z JC'r' Jv. lJ) v.. c.I' ~ V'

r ....
~~-:-->. 2... v' i:.. tf-) J ~ 4f )~ ~~....~ ~~I?'
~~~t.!'::-JGo!s U'2~ J'J ~ L/fL/ (.;; tJ)i "'~ V'L u";'
j 'Yi

v' )J' !( ,..,v L Un fr L lSJ~rS J v.. if.f t.! '::-JGo!U:' ~,


-k")l,$' ~.::-~~.7;-''''';iJ,7 L.::/; lS)U,/.L/
JI ~f~ J~~ji j tf '::-J~.LuJJ~ v...)/- v.. fI857 -:-->.
.::-Gt,C;,~ j;ji v' v.. ~"j2 _t L~ Yi
I.f' k n' tf- ....~ ~,

r~

~j lS)U,/.lS)'J....j (V tf V' o:./J).YJ tJ)U,/. f t] ~-?J tf V' _LYi

S u'2~ '::-JGo!~ f~ft{/J j;ji v' .L u";' 2... vI -t.! Jz~I;)'j",


-t.! ~/ ~, c.I~)J L.::/; )J' u'2~ ~ ~ c./ v' -t.! '::-JGo!
~ .::-Gt,C;,c.I~)J L (',)J'.::/; cf Jf~'::-Jl1!v' L/.IY L V'
JJ'.;)llS)J ....j lS)!'- S _;'J V' u i:.. .zC ~)!Yo v.. ,;ft -~ ~
~fuil;:--JPi ~ -?J S~~(; sj. f i:.. tf-) J'j/ L-6(
+cC ~'Y"";iJ,7L V' tf-)~ .::/f f'Yi J~
uf..i (V"";iJ,7L L)JJ' -:-->. f'Yi ~J v' ~i
J'" ~_;'J V'
f'!( J~ ~ aAJJfJ}.L.::/; tjJ, n' V~J( ~ L/ lS/./
)J'

'''':''Y''' L ';'J vI fL/ v~ ff'~v'.L u";' v..1.f'.J"'-'


LYi' {(.;jJ a)~JJ L 1;1' LJ"':"~~
.:::JJ/. ~ 1;1' _rt L~ I/)i "'&0
b)C S--t.S L)'2~" L -}oj -;- ",:,,0"J; J. J..!.- v' _L~ ~J) /

)J' '::-~YoJ

LJ

~i~_;'J .L V' V- V' -JYi e~v..

L fY' L
.::/; (j ~

I;II;:--JPiV- -1-' L ~;lS)U,/.

Sun

I;I_NJYo

t.! ((

f S I.f';:~ S .::-~
V' LYi

L;;f Of), -VL/ (JJ ~ '::-~YS c.I' / ;;f

v~L ~ L I;IVaJ jJf JYi f VLS:J'I L uP.u~ 1;1' ..flYi= 4" _rL '" (Jj ~ 1;1' ~ '7}

S ~~(j S ii) 8J 'Jf


.::/;

f1867 ~

v.:J'i~

179

L v'

.J." v.! J~..ir -:1 -:-~ ,.P f

S(j~~ -J) S":"Y" J'" 'f Yl15.1~~


S..:..~..irI;;'J '-.I{

Yo

rs: ~ ~yt

JII~

liZ

v! U;JG-!-JtJ;L

..:..~..ir.IJ'f ""~v IJlP

4-' v! J.~ L v' .I

-!

J~J JJ.: -:~;i L cJ' e.'f-.1 ~ v! tYJ.I


~ .::.<~ L u~, e: v' '" -J) SUJ;JI J v! J>. f !
.IJ'f"~IPo:t. ,,:,,} IcJ' i:LYl (UV Yo.; UJ:t!r ~ ~~ tf uJ?'V'J;;.z
(UV Yo L UJ;J! s 15.1' ~ e: v' -:-V'~ ..(v L 15y.; ,;I~
(J~ ~ cJ~.IJ L

uk -~~ Yl LpJ .IJ' (.J,~v L cJ' 8J L~.; UJ?'V'JM


.. a/;,.. r (UV L cJ' ~ A L ~; 15:t!r ~ L u}.Iyt J'V'JPi J}
f...f

v' -~

v!;I~I ;I.JJ ~'V'IJ':::"::JJV u~ U;.I1 J!.IJI V'~


Yo 'f- ",J'V'JM ( '1857" ":,,C(J cf: -J -If J~~ I~ ..,...,..
cf

Sv' f S# ~~;'{-k"LV' j J:'' '(}$ v! fl891 ~


~; I~;

I uJ?'V'JPi ~
.:.A -: It!'; JYl ~ ~;

ls}U,./.IIJ f JYl ..:..12 -:

~ J~ ( ":"JG-!IIJf

JYl ~

cJ..,;l

S0)

--?J

}i' ~~
_CVv!JJ

L J~tJ! f,Yl i.. vI ....~ '.It,..( ,1857 (J./JY' L J~ L v'

4i L V' ':'.IJ cf J;v ) J L yiJ j~

_(
_L v.! ..:..~..ir,:,~~

{_Ji cJ' L

J'.1 .IJI -:-->~ tt '15}yt


J/v! (I/-JU; L -:J.I L ~, 15Ji

S~; 15J1 L ":"JG-!V'


cf..JJ.} Sut'~ .IJ' UJ.I;clf'u}7-

V' i.. VI '" ~ Llr / UJJ~

'-t'

.IJ' ..:..'2 '15.1J1! L Ur.f'f-~ (($-''1.1~JJf~'


15}U,./.)'-Jd

f UJ?'VJM~.:.A

-:.1. v! (1'1883) ub.lL S.I_; J~J_.v." ,,:,,0"'-t' L 7Yl- J'.1 - j


L
ScJ' ~ .JJ' ,J _"I~ L Ut1~v! f'~1 f ~~ LYl L.f
~ 1:)' ,0' L ":"-1 '-.i'J' LiJ L./:Jt I:)i'; -JYl .1/~;
v! -1-.
":"JUo!

180

L UYlJJJJIU?Lz ~I

v! ~I .2.. J'I.lt
-~ V'~!(JJ

v! uj

~ ....J;I

v! ,.;. VI i 1/Yl

r JY1'

~ .::/; ~ -?J ,.f -:,,.f y. ,1'V;_J)~;

~ UJJI.i~ ~I ~

~ J~

,1'i:.. J~.lIR"j eJ.lJI.I~

-OJ)~;.lL..:.-}LYl L~I e~G ( J"'I.J:L U';I


L)'IV 11./" 'f- r' '7.JiJjji .lJ'...f' v! '-.l~ L fI857

~I ~.I-'"
uLK. fl) ~( ~I .2..v! ~I;--JPlJ~y. fl/J;

~!),O}u,/.~

,j J; v! .I'.ti' O}U,/. .:.qri J~,7- :Y ( (I' JI;--JPl...f


v.!1 .lJI~o/.I(I'L Ur. ,1'~ p. ( fyl ~~ -?J J7. f O.lV
~I

J G"L Ji Jjji v' ~.1.1" L)'IV J}1)1.lJI.I~ (-J -~ IJ ~ .::/;


JjV -..fi JU)~ J.I? .lJI,....~'.IV,1''f- r.,I L J; 2... VI .2..
~Jv.- 0' -;-1Ji Jjji 0" "? -:,}I'v! U;~L ~,~ j lS'F' -'fUH L U}~ ,1'1/J; (fI86I~'\t fI857 J~J.lJ'-If.," ":,,C(Lt' L
o}u,/.8J -:'.lJ'~~

L.::/$

f~J

1UJJPl.lJ' ~1,)1'v! ,....~ v' 1


.2.. v.! "";iJV

Jlj~' L U';Iv! vl'r.,I

J!y.",~';".. VI L

1J~I;--JPl/lr

,Yv! '-.l~ L ('7.o}u,/.f 'f-I/~~ i 1...Jd'(j' UH .lJ'U~~


~,;"..
VI ''f- J.I~I J"..IV .
.JG" ".I'; ~I;--I/',,:,,0" J 0),J112 .;
1J;:j J~JJ~JJ~~ fI857 L.._;;.p v! v' -'f-JJ
.lJ'tYl .I.J:.lJ
r uJ~~L JJ 't7.' r JJ P. L v' A .lJ' 'f- 1/~~
J JJ Lu/; e;~r ";;'J v' -'f- ~~tc tYl ,-I' ,-'I' r vlr '-.l{
2! u';' y. 'f- LYl J!~ J,)J~' L -:J~ej';:' r vI 'Yl;' y.", iLJ

~ J.I~;

'_~P!.L';;IJvl

-JYl f'k.' JoJ'ji ...fi v! ~~JPl ~


'~.::A .lJ' J.,y v!~' .lJ'LI'~ .:,~~
v! uH "";tJP L .::/;
v! do f L~ I/J~'1uJ);~' L C.lL fl) 0.11/ 2... L L)

oJ!

v! -:,LjvI

181

\ ~I '- j} 1,)'1;";;IJ~,1857 v!
JJI::-!""';iJP L.::/, UJ!

cI VI' ~ ~~ SI.)JJ!

f':f""';/

U:~)I;~UJlj; L I.).t?f ,-/.'


~ ,1857 ~

L I.)fl

,:,v! jJJ VI J',[Ii

J~~

4f J'i' 4-' v! jJJVl..J. v!Yl

d~JP;" Lh~t,.. - UJ - UJ

o: ,:,Lj VI -i~-v.:J.I dV

~ L VI -JYl ~r.:'- dj v! ,1909 Yo / ~C1.; "UJlj; --G.


,_;!j'",,' j~..ir'-X ~C1':f.a ~V~ ir.: (t ~,L._;;,v .; c?-~,
(j j~JP;ll.)i~
jJ' I.)JJP; v! V' J'!j L U.; (j jJI 'f- j /
II.);JJ d~ jJI JP; L'J? ~ v! --G. jJI 'f- V~ '- q ~
""';iJPL jlpl jJI.::/' J j f 'f- VV.:,;;~':fjJ' 'f- V~b:jJ/-i
-~ ~JJ! L (j jV-JP; of q.LI.);~ jJI I.)JJP;
v!}:--~ L UJlj;I";;IJ L ,1857 (,1947) pi. L
j"/.

J,['VV dh: ,-.IL~,.J;;)._i:I


j'",,' ,:,'k4':::;? Lifo LLf
dh: ~t,.. L .:i"~..irIDjL

jJI" ~ Yl

r ~,_;!

r?~

jlpl UJ!

~I

"J!:C - v:' -v:' ~C1t.lI '- ~ v! J...L- vI _Ii IYl~J/J...Lt".,..Jt,.. v L UJlj; --G. v! ,1957 L.::/' ~ d~JP; Yo 'f- ",1857
L Jjt,.. ~ ':f'Yl;; Yo v! ,1857 f 'f- ':f.l ,.J;;) ~ !:C4 S~r.:.;
-(f -j; 1.1 ,.J;;) vI L!:C 4'::"JI::-! oj -f' ':f..J.'Yllf.! v!;'.
'\:"JI::-!~ I.)..('~v! '1857" ~C1Lt' L 1.)';1 jJI 0j L jl,.4$.".
J1.)-!1~JP ':f_J 'I ~ '::"JI::-!Jj JI ':ff~ jJj .; v' v! (,1957)
V:' -v! 4 r"::"J~ v' OJ J!Yl~ J~ U,; Yo d'jJJ v' jJI i Jj?
"JJI::-!U,; v! Jj? j~JP;" LYl L.I.::.)J~ ~ vI L 15/,J~ - ~oj -f' ""';iJPL .::/,uillu ,1857 fV ~ 1.1 ,.J;;) vI v! (,1957)
~ ~ ""';iJPL I.)JJ! Yo 'f- LYl'-I.)JJI::-!d' jLJI rVI jJI" "::"JI::-!

j_y,~

. -v! JYluj";-1

jJIJ;tl-Jr'V~..LO:J.I";;IJVlv!d~

182

.s.

(-J L u";'.:;... vi' V' 'V)1j uJ';! 0 u)~ I.N?J)! U){ V'
.....
j 0 JI) n' .....
~ '-.II,.- V' f 0 -=<:L1 0' ;;; L J;$/' .JJ'.JJt
-~v.!.:;...UJJ-'1 r v' .JJ',J "u}~ U)J
~ tfiL _;'JV' a! 1:)' v.t,f / ~Cf.Yoa!JJ)',,~';y'V'
f1857" ",:",Cf~, L uk'"..J .J.-'f- V".JIPf'
I.N?J)! 0u)~ ....;/a!
..:..:t -: )J' 'f- V'~ ~ c)j If~ ....;/ v! (fI960) "-=<.? ;~~ .JJI
;;;If' s: ~ ~ a!...fi v' u~;.:;...
~
r.'f- 0~ I,JLJ

:r

f~

-'f- "fI857" ",:",Cf0/ Jy) (lJf.:;...,

-fi ojA ,fl-~.Jc~If))w I f1857 a! .::/, uJ'


J I:)~J-'1cl .JJ'IfuJ';! -t. L U-"~J-'1.:;...'a! J..l.- L uJ';!
jf J~' ~~, ~ 2... L v' -=<:fi 0'/-)y' a! uj. I:)~
)JJ

U}JJ

~ L j.. - Jj -~, u! f1922 " P V' -'f...;~,J.::..~


V' L V' v! V' '\5.J,1lfh-- ,J'::"JGo!
J~J-'1" " I:)'?
,J' ;;;i v' '..i' J~J-'1' J! 'J~..::;?)J a! f1857 fV'e.J~'

rJ.-~tJ 1:),i'V

~~J~ ,JU~ ")} J;G' a! cJ~J-'1flf Lv' L,., LJ ..:.>t;.J


.J~.JJeJ .JJ'~ 1.1r-? I.:.._? J;G' V' 0 1:)' L uJJ! .JJ',J
..11,.- L ":::;'J f~ ''''.JJ/ -: ..J'tJl., _ LJ'.J{ I",:",'l )J' .::..Ly)
.f _ [_ LJr r'? ..:.,,;;{e.v-"'LJ'.Ji .,.I_'l J .::..Ly) 1:)' eJ..11,.a! .:::;? i L~ IJ.'J.JJ'~ Vv.! ~ I~ J}G'0 e~J~L u";'
L UJJ! 4 SL)}'JL.fJ~J J?t..J~ SL)J~./IP!.
L f1765
-~ IJ(6" Lu~.Yo 'Jjl(~ V' LJ(6".J,pl 1;;' a! I:)~J-'1
J.JJ.i Iv' '~JI., r ~ JI.,J.J.JJ') f:-..(,
.Yoe~J~~ .:;...-?JV'
~ I 0 .::..~V'L uJJ' PJ. L fl848 -'Ji IJr,;, v' L uJJ! L
.:;...e~J~Lu";'vI' v'-L~J'u;.JJ"";tJV0.::..Ly) Oi~ f 0~;
,..;.!"' IlIJJ'L u,..:, u! f1856 -JU;)) "";0; 0 V' ~ V.d.Yo
r U.J'JGJ

1,1,

.,

183

IJ.'J 2... I.f' -!f (J/ ..:;...


j~ L I.f' It h ~,; L &~J~~ L)
J ..:.-L,....1 J I:);~ .IJ' ~~.1 ~ ~~ S ":'-J~,,:...-ji,,:...-jitJ~./ii L~
_L t::......I).:;.J)r;(..:.-L'J.I

.r

J; ';.1;'

Y Itj.l'JIh

&J _(

jJ.

,
"'e,... r..:.-~
I.f' I(.)J~/tv.. 1"1857

,.1'#'; I.f' .!fA)./I&~J~~".IJ)

L "::;U,L (.)".:,2... I.f' -I./..J)

J":'-:/ Yo S&~J~V- tJfl.Jt !fA; J JCj..:;..., .IJ' ~%


L L/ .IJ' V!f ,jJIJr..:;...') I-J.ltj (/. 1&~J~.p!
L I.f' 'L~
S .M!J~ J'J L~ J% _;u; L tJJJt &J .Jt !f JJ V- 1:)1.1..:;...'.P!
Lf'.I''; I&~J~ L tJJJt JYoJ~L tJi~ (ti 1:)'_L~?,;
~~
-~(t r.l'; 11"18572...if' .IJ' IP(' I:)Y J;~
IJ} .IJ'
.Y/":'-~ ..:;...~ LI.P Jlr .IJ' rf'" '(j':~ Yo.; _;;'J L 1"1857
SF

&J ~

('/'

.r

...f ,_,II/ ...f' -V:.Y/ .; ~J, ~tj f ~ IJ1 " ~ if' &J IJ1 0'.1
-Ii C~II(' ...f' ItJiJ~ J'J L.tZ V- ,,:,-v..J .IJ' tJJ/ V- ~J, ~tj
1:)'r.~ Lb1 &Ci ~ i V:.Y/":'-~ ;-v L JV" ~,;,...
I.f' ~f

V',;,;-'&~

,_,iJ~ ~.IJ' Ii t..i' ":;"'I-/JJ -{, ~ r tJiJ~


Yo V- ..J...!.. L 1"1857L.Y/ a.l V- cfj I Z I.f'
.Y/.::J L ..:.-tJlv
~ ..:;...)i1..Ji;i JJA I_;;'J I.f' L.Y/ ~ 11:)' IJ1 ~.Ii ~v ~ L
-7 ~.1~ Lz(J .d'v L .::.Y J Llf L
L I:)~J~ .M!J~ J~~"
I:)~ ...f',;-' L Jj~ -Ji - J.lJJ'
I.f' L.Y/ 2!!..:.-tJlv L j~ L 1:1J:J.I (1"1972)".I'JGJ.IJ' J~
V-.I';
v.. L.~I.f' I:)k--.IJL (.)i~'.1 .IJ'(.);W' Yo 7S (jJ I:)~ S JfY
f(~.I,t;,~, LfF ..::;u, S tJi~'.1 L tJ"':' .IJ' Li ..:;...tJ I:)~;'
&~

-v:

-1

_;v; L (.)JJt ~ .IJ'~ ..:.-GtC>,


~ V- tJ.Y/J./tJ;JJ 1:)'2... I.f'-ki
t;' &J f~ _,g;> ,,~, I.f' _;u; L 1:)'L (.);W'v.. I.f' i L.Y/.::....~
tjiU,/. ....;!lP/. L I.f' L d;~'.1 f L J) ~Iv
.I't;, '.Y/I;!'C

~'J

184

J~u~~

_~..!..: L)! UyLz U.I'JGJ.IJ'

.I_~

VI; .IJ' ~J)'1r- r.:;.,;f

r u)~u ~.1;1;1 L)! u;.~YouJ Y J; L)! f1857 ~ U'

S c;: J> ,t,.


v.! ~ L)! ~~ L u)~(V
cr.; S do .IJ'~ '(' v.! j~u~L~ u u)~ .!''f-.1 Jy'1; u ~
v' -S
L U,)"~~.1 ~ ~,.f ~t..1u~;~ .IJ' v! v.! i.l;
c u~~~U}U,/..7./j1f.::;_ L)! d' 'f- S J~.7./ JI} U/JJ S
L U";' i ~ y; .1/ :tI' .IJ' S
L U~~ ~ s: ?-.1 J;;)
'y; D..(G.::;_
/

..!,.~ U -~

'::"J~

'::"J~

.IJ'i:..J~i L)! u~'( .7./Yo.! S.lL"!"~./);'"uJ d' L)! U~~


(Pattern) dh YoL)! f1857 "j'i?y -'f-.1 .IJJ.::;_Uy'~ d' u i:.. JIP J j
(if .::;_
UJJ't'~~' Yo)~; DJJ''f-.1 )JGJj1f .I'~; ))L f ~
u~
v! '::"J~ L U,), e: v.! e,y' LV .::}JJ ~
Ly;
Jd' e: J~i .IJJ .::;_Jy J.z .IJ'~.I~ c;: ~ Yo"e -~~
,..,.J J ( L)! l:l' z_ v'
v.! )'Ir- .::}Y- L)! 0L .I'J'-t;
S.::}y- S Jy )J'-t; S u}l/.IJ' uJ)~j do.!-~ JJ} vl?' .IJ'
-'f-.1 ~ 1).::;_....~ v' u t] J~~ L)! 0L'::;_-?J
.::,.).(
d.'~ 'y; '-t; ,;f ~, ~, r L)J.7.C
L)! ..;Lj )p' u}U,/.

ri:..

c~

-I f ~

L l:l'.7.Cl:l' .I-'f-.I )JGJ uJ:tI' ~ z_ V' _i:.. Ly; ..(,j.:,..(. L)!


Yol S
(j!J. JI1.1~ ~ _C'(' d~ /.::,.)( S do S.:Jl~
..::;u,~, L U,),i:.. 'f-.1 I), Dt'G.::;_V' .IJ'i:.. v! .:;.,;j!J. JJ[~

Un~

~/ JI}...fISv' -k"(r z_ ~ .1 'p' uiU,/. ./J~' /


'f-.I./ (r z_ L .::,.'JlP J{.IJ' i:.. L)!.I;(. "::;J v' Yo'f- S l:ll; .J'
_i:..
V' L)! l:l' 0')'1r- /'~

~,.f L

f~

l:l~

~l:lL1)')J~ 'f- ":,,,)'.I'J L)! .I'P' uiU,/.l:l~~

,1;;pi V' 'f-

UJ,;i

f.:,..(.
L)! ....~ V'
k"fLy;,.f

0:J, L)! v' J'[ 'f-l:lL1)'.1'J-~ fl)

.::,.GiP,,,

J~ r;;

185

rI:l- .nl i:... v.. ~jJJ, S J{ Yoi:... OJ dIP


,-,";11,_;.! If!I .:)IP JL S
v.. L~ L cJJ'! ..;Ii ..;/ 2...
1.1' 'Ii 1.t1~ --?/ ~~

f~

f~

'-'~

-SAjl,; ";j)#L'-'JJtL
.~ Po L J~ L J{i L~ liJ / ,...~4/' "yO ji ~ 1.1'
v.. {t,j~~.nl ok-- v..;'. L 1.1' i 1/(i .I11i1 ~I v.. cJt:--Jk J~
'-'JJt _1.t1J~ (iii ..;1.lI~j~ ~yP ~ ,-,J..; cJl-J!; '-'~..;
-J J!'/ SL.lf / JI ok-- L '-'J.I~ ~ ~yP v.. 4JJJIL
cJl ~ ~J
J!J.I bi' ~V:.t1'::">Jjc.f!j S cJl v..,..u... 1.1'

s.

e.-rLr( cJ~ ji 1/,.:;;-; 4IJJ' L '-'J:r/t

v.. ;1856 -J$ JJ ~ v..


v.. 4IJJII.t1~ ~~./.~;

J./1.t1~j ~I S cJl-i:....Ij~ '-7..I~


~ '-'JJ! f J J'lj ScJl i:... ~ b?--' L cJl 2_ L ~IP
" 1.1'

J!.f 't,;)..;

i:... ':-J

~J~

,J '-'Jj~ ~

0' .IJ' I/'~IJJ ~

.IJI

y
'~jji / (UfJ t.5.1~ L if. -S J'J.I.Ir ";j)# L cJl.lJ' L.t1,/. .I~
.I~ J} (~~ L.i L ft,j 1.1' .IJ' l// ;;f r fY'~ Li L 1.1'
cJ' _L.t1 /{jJA (j~.I!i.' 60 L ~j S ",:,,')P. L J~I L 4IJJI_~.t1
OJ

~~

-,f cf. i.:-J~,J

~Ii.'Yo/

4IJJI",:"I}.IJ' ".Ie.-rLr

ok--.IJ L ,-,ji~~

,-,Po?J- .JjI.l{jJ.I ~

'(J/

:..(IJ;,- Yo", cJt:--Jk JI L '-'JJ! v..P! .IJI cJ'.lJJ L ,...~


1.1'
f 4I.t~/ ,-,ii ~ ,.;-0 L ~ji 't~ "~~ I,-,ii-i:... LIJ':-J !Jr JJ OJ

tft 't.l.lL---"'I'-'iAI 't.l Jr-~


I'-'~
,-,i.ll 'tOr 'tlJ'
JI L (IJ;,- cJ' - e).J e).J ~ ~ S L'6 .nl.lY ",-,,r. L ,-,ii 't!-} I

f~1

e.tj

,-,ii L ,-,j~ eJ~ L cJ~Jk J~~ ~yP .IJIcJt:--Jk


t .IJ' OiL L',... f~1P! el;.. .IJ'>- L:11" ,-}Lr '-.I{ .IJ'~ L.I
-~.1,/. J~.IJ' L t.5~1
..1 L.t1 ./.I./. L L.t1..; ~'JI L fl857 v.. ,-,j~ L cJ~

uj

~JI

186

v.. )~,

v..

uiu,/. "' uk .JJ' ~ ~i


uiu,/. fI849 ":,,,1[., .JJ' fI843 /JIY
2._ v' ~ Li ,,/- ~I.-- L
(~.f/0' J':::;'J vL &0 L jJ)
JJI"J. tJ' J,? u,;~~ u~ ~ -J/ v! fI857 uj~~,
-I.["J1

v..

un
v..

v..

L uJ'ji ,sr./. JYy


~ /JIY J ":,,,1[., OJ s:'f- iJ'.1 J1? f -:,j V- ~~ 2._ v' I/~(t r
f (Ii ~, -v./ j~,eJ~j ~ eJ~j f uiJI"J. J'J LJ1 v.. ~~}.
(ji r v' JJ1 "::"JI"J.Yov.. fI857 -~ ,y."' .,::..~~eJ~; ~ JIP ,j..IC

uJ'ji J..ff1857

v! ~~J

~\;:-'JPi Po

-:f ~":"'Y" .IJ'"::"~YoJ


OJ", uk iJ''; '~ ,,/- ~ uj~
L ~~
Lv' .IJIiJ'.1 JJ.JI v! ~\;:-'JPi J~-J/ ~.Ii (~"::"JI"J.-: 'j& "::"JG-!
f .,::..";;'J L fI8S7 2._ v' 'f- ~ uj~,,/-',j f r ~, ~ .V-i ~
~ ":,,,1[., J' s,'f- "::".IJ/,s v' i ,;.IJ''f- "::".IJ/',s ~ v..;:-- ~ v'
"::".I)r OJ f -:,;
.IJ'-y ~ v! v,,j L u'f 1.1./~~ -: /JIY J'
-JJ1.IJJ ~ uj~ L ~~"::"JI"J.,s fI857 ..1 -v./.I';J';)
A'}
-'f-"/- ~ r~.Ic ,s uk -:2._ v'

187

88l

~y~
f1526
f1530
f1555 ~

f1540
f1555

/.~ cI...J'2 -1
(.::/f .m ~) Ui'" c/_...J'/t-2
.::/f .JJJ t.).JY'
(.::/f .JJJY) Ui'"

JIcI...J'J1lr-3
Jill. c/_...J'.Ji -4

f1556
f1605

~ .JJ'J-5

f1627
f1628

UIll..~ cI...J'":,,,t) -6

f1657

(~ .::.-1}) ~ Jy -7

f1660-1657

(~ J~)vI .~-8

f1658
f1707

;:Pt.. ~j

..!.;J' cI...J',f -9
~t'-10

f1707

~~)~(r-ll

f1707

JJ' .~ .JJL.!- JJ' (t...~ -12

f1712

cJl:l' (-'. -13


.~ .J'J UIll. cI...J~ -14

f1712
f1713
f1719
f1719
f1719

/.ii-15

'::'-~.J..J'cl.J c/_...J'~ -16


( UIll..~ ..J.uJ' cl.J -17
/.~

-18

f1719

..I cI...J~t -19

f1748

.JJL.!
-20
(JJ;:pt..c/_...J'~ -21

f1754

.~1'

f1760
f1760
f1778
f1788
f1806
fl858-1838

(Y' L)~ e~ -22

(.:Y; .JJJU;) (JJ

r~ _A'r. J c[.)' JIJr


e~

-23

~.J'~-24

(.:Y; .JJJYJJ)(JJr~e~-25

(JJJ.ld.)'rF-

-26

(JJ e~.JJl-!c[.)' l:tY -27

189

JJ) JlfJG
UIVsr" P" tLl"..".?; JJ.J'- _..;;,.

(~'f

~J);

. ~'I.'

~1877-1867';(r'O/.i ,if

if -..::..-;
j~..b..JJ' )J..J' d.",:,,'i
~1956~if-~ L ~57

~1958~

ji/ J' J;;j J'h J .J~.JJ<..;/}: ~.J?J

cr.'

~t:.JJr(1Il1

JGvi'
J

(j'_

r!' - if-'

J' ~/lr

~1966.J.t1L1
(j~j

".?; JJ) .J~.JJJJ

L j~(~a~ :.

t.d

~1967~ifJ'~
~1963~

if -".?; JJ)

(.JL.t.-p) ",:"L:i' ' ~.

t~t,.l

(~)J~f(IV' - ~

~1959JJ '~Jt-- Y' a.J~'OJ'jf


(~).J.t1L1'.d ~, lJ' a~
~1950l.t1L1.d
~1965l.t1L1'rJ.:i~..p

'~/

JISi ....' ,j.P

..b.

O~.J&-'

~~}

or....

J..A!'J

,vt.J

r~,.JJ'J a~ .JJL!
.::-L1~'-:.J.::-/.

~1962~

if J.J .J~'

~y1.1' JL

~1s91-1888;(r

,'.J ulV .I ~ '::-JW

: )J..J' (~'UIV

,.,?/ JJ) 2 k (UIV lJ~'~

J..'f-J'I~'
.

f'1961

J..., ,",-~J~J .JJI.J~I-

e~J)

J' J

cI_..J' if-

,9'"

~Jt-- Y' a.J~1 :

~1965~if/'Jt.".?; JJ.l1c(.ji;) ,/.


(~).J.t1L1~1857/

JY'.1 (~

j'i

a~

ok",!

~1955.J.t1L1-.J_;~t--'J

~1966

ulVJIV

:'

J.:v ....,,J?
.J~~I:J'? (JJi

190

2 k -.1m'

fI896;:.i

diY .,:..lI'';

"~~'J!

t'J.Ji'J,y

fI971.J..t1lJ -1,)1; ":;;')J' D.JC


. flQ~6 l_.t

0"

1/- .JJl.!L)I; ~'i '{V r 1'1857 UJ'j; ....t.

ub.?

,..?;JJ.J'- D.JC d~.JJ'" o~


.d
1'1965~ 1/-UJ~;/t..JJ./ L)L}' ..JJ./

UJ~;t) .Ji' ~

rf

(~).J..t1lJ .,:..p.~r
1'1957

J'j; ~..J

JJ 3 k J'L.J '.t~ r Pi f~

L)'Y/..J

(\')~1/ibJJ'~ e~J~;(;.;J e'iJ

oV.i'J,I

-Jut;j'.J~ -,..?; JJ.J'-~ "'="; O/1'1960 ~ I/Jut; .i'J,I -,..?; JJ.J'-U.JJ:> c.I~

/-(f /-'

1'1957 J,

1'1919~
1'1930

5-1 k

JVJ~/-

-ibJJ'D.JC

;:.a\;0 J~r.JJ:> .::..--~

L)I;

C.JC

1'1963.J.t1JJ..;f,j;

4r

lI'r

191

Malwa and Adjoining Provinces.


Vol. 1-2. Shannon/Ireland, 1972.
Mudford,
Peter

:Birds of Different Plumage. London,


1974.

Orlich, Captain,
Leopold Von. :Travels in India, including Sind and the
Punfab Vol. 1-2. London, 1845.
Parks, Fanny. :Wanderings of the Pilgrim, in Search of
the Picturesque. Vol.l-Z, Karachi,
1975.
Sarkar, J.

:Fall of the Mughal Empire. Vol. 1-4.


Calcutta, 1950.

Sen, S.N.

:Eighteen Fifty Seven. Calcutta, 1958.

Sleeman, W.H.:Rambles and Recollections of an


Indian Official. Karachi, 197,3.
Spear, P.

:Twilight of the Mughals Cambndge,


1951.

Srivastava,
A.L

:Shuja-ud-Daulah. Calcutta, 1939.

Thompson, E.:The making of the Indian Princes.


London, 1978.

19~
Andrew,

cr. :Zaka

Ullah of Delhi. Lahore, 1976.

Basu, B.D.Major:Rise of the Christian Power in India.


Second edition. Calcutta, 1931.
Bidwell, S.

:Swords for Hire. London, 1971.

Chamberlain,
M.E.
:Britain
and
India.
Connecticut, 1974.
.Chandra,
Satish .

Chaudhary,
S.B.

Hambden,

:Parties and Politics at the Mughal :


Court. 1707-1740. Third edition.
Delhi, 1979.
:Civil Rebellions in the Indian Mutinies.
Calcutta, 1957.

Dubois,AbbeJ.:Hindu
Manners,
Customs
and
Ceremonies. Reprinted.
Oxford,
1959.
Duff, J.G.

:A History of the Marattas. Bol. 1-3.


Calcutta, 1912.

Edwardes,
Michael

:British India. 1772-1947.London,1967.

_____

:King of the World. London, 1970.

_____

:The Orchid House. London, 1960.

Ganda Singh :Ahmad Shah Durrani. Bombay; 1959.


Grey, C.
Gupta H.R.

:European Adventurers of Northern


India.1785 to 1849. Lahore, 1929:
:Later
Mughal .History
of
th.,
Punjab.Lahore, 1976.

Gupta, P.e.

:Nana

Sahib

and

the

Rising

at

You might also like