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Name : ...............................................................

Class : ..............................................................

Identity card number:

Centre number/index number: ......

962/1

STPM
2012 FIRST TERM EXAMINATION
CHEMISTRY
PAPER 1
One and a half hours

Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE
TOLD TO DO SO.
There are fifteen questions in Section A. For each question, four choices
of answers are given. Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the
Multiple-choice Answer Sheet provided. Read the instructions on the
Multiple-choice Answer Sheet very carefully. Answer all questions. Marks
will not be deducted for wrong answers.
Answer all questions in Section B.
provided.

Write your answers in the spaces

Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be

shown. For numerical answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate.
Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper and arrange your answers in
numerical order.
Tear off the front page of this question paper and your answer sheets of
Section B, and tie both of them together with your answer sheets of Section C.
Answers may be written in either English or Bahasa Malaysia.
_____________________________________________________________________________________

This question paper consists of 9 printed pages and blank page.

STPM 962/1

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Section A [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.
1. The relative atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5. Which of the following is the mass spectrum of
chlorine?
A.

Relative
intensity

C.

34

B.

35

36

37 m/e

D.

Relative
intensity

34

35

36

Relative
intensity

37 m/e

34

35

36

37 m/e

34

35

36

37 m/e

Relative
intensity

2.

Which of the following statements is true about the isotopes of hydrogen?

A.
B.
C.
D.

Hydrogen-1 has one neutron.

Hydrogen-2 is radioactive.
Hydrogen isotopes have the same number of protons.
Hydrogen-3 is stable at room temperature.

3. How many possible electronic transitions can be obtained from emission spectrum of Lyman and
Balmer series with the following energy levels?
Energy

n=5
n=4
n=3
n=2
n=1

A.
B.
C.
D.

Lyman Series
3
4
4
5

Balmer Series
4
3
5
4

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3
4.

Fluoromethane is an example of a non-ideal gas because

A.
B.
C.
D.

its molecule is small.

the intermolecular forces are strong.
fluoromethane has volume.
fluoromethane is easily compressed at low temperature.

5. An element in Group 15 of the Periodic table forms a gaseous hydride. The shape of this hydride
molecule may be
A.

linear

B.

6.

Which molecule has polar bonds but zero dipole moment?

A.

H2S

B.

bent

C.

NH3

C.

trigonal planar

CO2

D.

D.

trigonal pyramidal.

CH2Cl2

7. Boron nitride, BN can exists in two different forms P and Q. P has a layered giant molecular
lattice with weak forces between layers. Q has a giant lattice in which each atom is bonded to another
tetrahedrally by covalent bonds. The following statements are about P and Q.
I
II
III
IV

P and Q have high melting points.

P and Q have the same density.
Q is harder than P.
Q is an electrolyte in molten state.

Which of the following statements is true about P and Q?

A.

I and II

B.

I and III

C.

II and IV

D.

III and IV

8. The change in concentration of a reactant with time in a chemical reaction is shown in the graph
below.
Concentration
( mol dm-3)
1.00-

0.750.500.250

|
0.5

|
1.0

Time(s)

Determine the numerical value of the rate constant for this chemical reaction.
A.

B.

C.

D.

9.

Which of the following statements is true about the effect of a catalyst on a reversible reaction?

A.
B.
C.
D.

It changes the mechanism of the chemical reaction.

It increases the effective collision speed of the reactant particles.
It decreases the value of the equilibrium constant of the reaction.
It increases the rate of the forward reaction more than that of the reverse reaction.

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10. Which of the following equilibrium shifts to the right when the pressure is increased while
maintaining a constant temperature?
A.
B.
C.
D.

2HI(g)
H2(g) + I2(g)
SO2Cl2(g)
SO2(g) + Cl2(g)
O2(g) + 4F2(g)
F4(g) + 2F2O(g)
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g)
6H2O(g) + 4NO(g)

11.

The equilibrium constant of a reversible reaction is independent of the following factors.

I Catalyst
II Concentration
III Temperature

A.

I only

B.

III only

C. I and II

D.

I, II and III

12. Silver sulphate, Ag2SO4 and strontium sulphate, SrSO4 are added to water. Which of the
following statements is true about the saturated solution obtained?
[The solubility product, Ksp of Ag2SO4 is 1.50 x 10-5 mol3dm-9 and SrSO4 is 2.80 x 10-7 mol2dm-6 at
25 ]
A. SrSO4 is more soluble than Ag2SO4.
B. SrSO4 is the source of the sulphate ions in the saturated solution.
C. Ag2SO4 contributes minimal sulphate ions.
D. The solubility of Ag2SO4 is decreased when silver nitrate is added.
13.

In the reaction : Ag+ + 2NH3

A.

Lewis acid

B.

Lewis base

[Ag(NH3)2]+ , the Ag+ ion acts as a

C.

Bronsted-Lowry acid

D.

Bronsted-Lowry base

14. When 0.10 mol dm-3 of ammonia solution is diluted with water at room temperature, the
following properties may change.
I
II
III
IV
A.
B.
C.
D.

pH
Base dissociation constant
Degree of dissociation
Kw

I and III
I and IV
II and III
III and IV

15. Hydrazine, N2H4 is a weak base. The base dissociation constant, Kb of this base is 3.00 x 10-6
mol dm-3. What is the pH value of a sample of 0.100 mol dm-3 aqueous solution of hydrazine?
A.

3.26

B.

7.50

C.

9.46

D.

10.7

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Section B [ 15 marks]
Answer all questions in this section
16 (a) The figure below shows the Lyman series in the hydrogen emission spectrum in the
visible region. The spectrum is composed of discrete lines.

Q
frequency

(i) Give a reason why the spectrum is composed by discrete lines.

[ 1 mark]

(ii) Draw a labelled energy diagram to show how the lines marked P and Q are produces
[ 2 marks]

(iii) Calculate the wavelength and frequency of the first line.

[ 2 marks]

(b) (i) Name one species that would produce similar emission spectrum as the hydrogen atom.
[ 1 mark]
.
(ii) Give a reason for b (i)

[ 1 mark ]

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6
17. Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 decomposes very slowly at room temperature according to the equation
2 H2O2 (aq)

2 H2O (l) + O2 (g)

An investigation of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide,H2O2 is carried at 298 K and gives the
following information.
Time/min
[H2O2] /mol dm-3

0
6.00

2
4.20

4
2.80

6
1.85

(a) Plot a graph of concentration of hydrogen peroxide, [ H2O2] against time.

Use your graph to determine the
(i) half life

10
0.80
[ 1 mark ]

[ 2 marks]

(ii) order of reaction with respect to hydrogen peroxide.

[ 1 mark ]

(iii) Give a reason why the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is very slow at room temperature.
[ 1 mark ]
..
(b) In another separate experiment at 298 K with the presence of potassium iodide ,the decomposition
of hydrogen peroxide is faster .Assume that the reaction is first order with respect to the concentration
of iodide.
(i) Write an expression for the rate equation.

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Calculate the value of rate constant, k for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
[ 2 marks ]

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7
Section C [ 30 marks]
Answer any two questions in this section.
18. (a) The table below refers to a compound X.

Temperature/K
Pressure/kPa

Triple point
216
505

Critical point
304
7370

From the table, the critical point of X is at 304 K and 7370 kPa.
(i)

What is the meaning of the above statement.

[1 mark]

(ii)

Sketch and label the phase diagram for X

[4 marks]

(iii)

Explain why solid X sublimed when exposed to room temperature.

[2 marks]

(b) (i)

State the ideal gas equation.

[1mark]

(ii)

32.5 g of a sample gas X occupies a volume of 6.1 x 10-3 m3 at 25 C and 300 kPa.
Calculate the molecular mass of X and give the identity for gas X.
[5marks]

(iii)

Give two reasons why real gases such as X deviate from ideality.

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[2 marks]

19. (a) Ethanoic acid is a weak acid and dissociates in water according to the equation
CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l)

CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ (aq)

(i)

Write an expression for the acid dissociation constant,Ka for ethanoic acid.

[1 mark]

(ii)

Calculate the pH of 0.4 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid.

The acid dissociation constant, Ka for ethanoic acid at 298 K is 1.80 x 10-5 mol dm-3
.
[2 marks]

(iii)

The acid dissociation constant for citric acid is 7.5 x 10 -4 mol dm-3 at 298 K. What can
you deduce from the different in values of Ka compared to ethanoic acid.
[2 marks]

(b) A mixture of ethanoic acid and its solution salt acts as a buffer solution.
(i)

What is meant by buffer solution ?

(ii)

Calculate the pH of 500 cm3 of buffer solution containing 0.2 mol of ethanoic acid
and 8.2 g of sodium ethanoate.( Given Ka for ethanoic acid at 298 K is 1.80 x 10-5
mol dm-3)
[4 marks]

(iii)

One of the buffer systems in blood is the carbonic acid-bicarbonate system.

Explain how this system maintaining the pH level of the blood.

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[1 mark]

[5 marks]

20. (a) Ethene, C2H4 is a hydrocarbon molecule with a carbon-carbon double bond.
(i) State the hybridisation of carbon atom in ethene.

[1mark]

(ii) Draw a labelled diagram showing the overlapping of orbitals in ethene. [3 marks]
(iii) Explain what is meant by sigma and pie bond in ethene molecule.

[3 marks]

(b) The table below shows the boiling points of three compounds.
Compound
Methane
Ammonia
Water

Boiling points, C
-165
- 33
100

(i ) Draw Lewis structure for the three compounds.

[3 marks]

(ii) Explain for the trend of boiling points for the three compounds.

[5 marks]

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Answers to Section B
16. (a) (i) The energy levels in the hydrogen atom are quantized
(ii)

1m

n=6
n=5
n=4
n=3
n=2
n=1

Q
Label energy level
Show transition
Show lines produced
(iii)

2m

Rydberg equation, n1 =1;n2 =2

1
= 1.097 x 107 (1/12-1/22 )
wavelength
1
= 0.822275 x 10 7
Wavelength
Wavelength = 1.215 x 10-7 m

1m

Frecuency,f = 3.0 x 108 ms-1

1.215 x 10-7 m
= 24.69 x 1014

Hz

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1m

(b) (i)
(ii)

He + /

Li 2+

1m

one electron species

1m
Total.7 marks

17.(a) Plot a graph of concentration of hydrogen peroxide, [ H2O2] against time.

1m

(i) half life = 4 min

Shown in graph t=4min corresponds to half the initial concentration

1m
1m

(ii) order of reaction with respect to H2O2 is first order

1m

(iii) The reaction has a high activation energy

1m

(b)
(i) Rate = k [H2O2][I-]

1m

Curve

k = ln 2
4 min
= 0.173 min-1

correct answer and unit

2m
Total.8 marks

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Section C
18. (a)
(i)

critical point : Maximum temperature at which X can be condensed

by increasing pressure alone/
a sample of gas X at temperature above 304K cannot be
condensed by increasing pressure alone.

1m

(ii)

sketch of phase diagram with positive slope...1m

label Y axis: Vapour pressure
X axis : temperature
................................................................1m
Label critical point at correct given temperature and pressure.1m
Label triple point at correct given temperature and pressure.1m

(iii)

The pressure at triple point of X is higher than 1 atm, 1m

so sample of gas X will not melt but sublime at
Room conditions.
1m

(b)
(i)
(ii)

(iii)

PV = nRT

1m

300 x 103 Pa x 6.1 x 10-3 m3 = n (8.31 J mol-1 K-1)(298 K)

n = 0.739

1m
1m

Molecular mass ,Mr = 32.5/0.739

1m

= 43.97
Identity of X is carbon dioxide

1m
1m

1. There are intermolecular forces between the gas.

2. The gas molecules has finite volume.

2m

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19. (a)

(b)

(i)

Ka = [ CH3COO-][H3O+]
[CH3COOH]

(ii)

using [H+] = KaC

= 1.8 x 10-5 x 0.4
= 2.68 x 10-3 mol dm-3
pH
= -log (2.68 x 10-3)
= 2.57

1m

1m
1m

(iii)

Citric acid is stonger than ethanoic acid

Smaller pKa value,stronger the acid
or
Higher Ka value,stronger the acid

(i)

Buffer solution is a solution that resist the pH change

when a little acid or base is added to it.

1m

(iii)

mole of sodium ethanoate = 8.2/82 x 1000

500
= 0.2 mole

1m

pH = - log (1.8 x 10-5) log [CH3COOH]

[ CH3COONa]
= 4.74
- log (0.4)
(0.2)
= 4.74 - 0.30
= 4.44
(iii)

H2O (l) + CO2(g)

H2CO3 (aq)

H2CO3 (aq)
H+ (aq) + HCO3-(aq)

1m
1m

1m
1m
1m
1m

When a little acid is added ,the acid is removed by

H+ + HCO3-

H2CO3 /explanation

3m

When a little base is added,the OH- is removed by

OH- + H2PO4- (aq)

H2O (l) + HPO42- (aq)/explanation

pH of human blood,7.4 is maintained

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1m

20.(a) (i) sp

1m

(ii)

3m
(iii)

a sigma bond is a result of end to end overlap of two

p orbitals,px of carbon atom and p x of nitrogen atom
or sigma bond also formed when an s orbital of hydrogen
atom overlap with px orbital of carbon atom.
A pie bond is a result of sideway overlap of two p orbitals.
py and py of both carbon and nitrogen atom and also
pz and pz of both carbon and nitrogen atom.

(b) (i)

(ii)

X
H x C x H
x

xx
H xNx H
x

xx
H x Oxx
x

3m

3m

Ammonia and water have intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the molecules.
Their boiling points are higher.
1m
Methane has weak van der waals forces between the molecules.
So methane has lowest boiling point.
1m
Water has two lone pair of electrons compared to only one for ammonia.1m
Water can form more intermolecular hydrogen bonding with
1m
one another.
In water,oxygen atom being more electronegative than nitrogen
Forms stronger hydrogen bond.
1m

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