Dr.

Sugeng Pribadi

sugengpribadimsc@gmail.com

TSUNAMI LANJUT
1_PENDAHULUAN
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OUTLINE PENGAJARAN
Pendahuluan : sea floor spreading
2. Slip sesar
3. Tsunami earthquake
4. Landslide tsunami
5. Volcanic tsunami
6. Hidrodinamika
7. Pemodelan tsunami
8. Geologi laut
9. Morfologi pantai
10. Paleo tsunami
1.

PENDAHULUAN
Samudera Dunia

Lantai samudera

Sea floor spreading

Perulangan gempabumi

WORLD OCEANS

the Pacific Ocean

the Atlantic Ocean
the Indian Ocean
the Southern Ocean
the Arctic Ocean

MENARD DAN SMITH (1966)

Hanya ada satu samudra didunia.

Dengan persetujuan dunia, samudra dibagi
menjadi 3 bagian:

1.SamudraHindia

2.SamudraPasifik

3.SamudraAtlantik

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PENDAHULUAN
Samudera Dunia

Lantai samudera

Sea floor spreading

Perulangan gempabumi

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ZONASI AIR LAUT VERTIKAL

1.
2.

3.

4.

Intertidal zone (zona pasang surut). Daerah lautan

bertemu pantai yang berubah sepanjang hari.
Pelagic zone (zona laut terbuka). Daerah terjauh
dari garis pantai. Suhu zona ini sering berubah
karena pencampuran konstan arus laut dingin dan
hangat.
Benthic zone (zona dasar laut). Ciri air semakin
dalam, suhu akan lebih dingin dan laut akan lebih
gelap.
Abyssal zone (zona pegunungan tengah laut
diantara pelat tektonik). Kadar oksigen tinggi,
cahaya sedikit, tekanan tinggi, dan sejumlah besar
hidrogen sulfida dan berbagai mineral lainnya
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ZONASI LAUT AFOTIK (PELAGIS)

PELAGIS)

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PENDAHULUAN
Samudera Dunia

Lantai samudera

Sea floor spreading

Perulangan gempabumi

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 Theory that continents were

once part of a single landmass

that broke apart and have moved
to their present locations.
 can drift apart from one another

and have done so in the past

For more information about what the continents looked like throughout the Earths
History go to:
htttp://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/anim1.html

Pangaea is the name given to the single landmass that

was present 200 million years ago

Can you name the continents in Pangaea?

http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/pangaea/Pangaea_game.html

WEGENERS EVIDENCE
Continents
fit together
like puzzle
pieces

WEGENERS EVIDENCE
Fossil Evidence
fossils are remains
of living things that
lived long ago.
similar fossils have
been discovered in
matching coastlines
on different
continents.

WEGENERS EVIDENCE

Mountains
 Some

mountain ranges on different continents

seem to match.
 Ex:

ranges in Canada match Norway and Sweden

 Ex: Appalachian Mtn. match UK mtn

WEGENERS EVIDENCE

Climatic evidence such as glaciers in areas that

are now close to the Equator

PANGAEA ULTIMA

TEORI WEGENER TENGGELAM

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HARRY HESS 1960

An American
geologist who
studied mid-ocean
ridges.

He suggested that
the ocean floors
move like conveyor
belts, carrying the
continents along
with them.

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KONVEKSI MANTEL

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PENDAHULUAN
Samudera Dunia

Lantai samudera

Sea floor spreading

Perulangan gempabumi

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PERIODE ULANG GEMPA

TSUNAMI ACEH
2004
Data historis selama 700
tahun kawasan Sumatera
mengalami gempa besar
setiap 200-250 tahun sekali.
Kawasan Aceh sudah lepas
energi tahun 2004 (Mw 9.1).
Kawasan Mentawai (1861, M
8.5) ? Bengkulu (1833, M
9.0)?

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TSUNAMIGENIC EARTHQUAKE

Location
Depth

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NAIK DAN TENGGELAM DARATAN AKIBAT

TSUNAMI

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Sunda Subduction Zone

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Cross section of Accretionary wedge

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PENGUKURAN DEFORMASI BUMI DENGAN GPS

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MICROATOLL RECORDED SEA LEVEL CHANGES

Danny H. Natawidjaja
LIPI / Caltech

http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~danny/research/subduction.htm
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MICROATOLL RECORDED SEA LEVEL CHANGES

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TERIMA KASIH

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