/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

3HURFXDQGRHODLUHYLHQH GHDUULEDGHODVFUHVWDVQHYDGDVHOKXPR HQYH]GHVXELU D

ORDOWRVHPHWHSRUODVYHQWDQDVDK~PD ODVYLHMDV SDUHGHV\DFDED HQYROYLHQGR DOSXHEORHQ
XQIXOJRUGHEDWDOODVHPHMDQWHDORVYLHMRV JUDEDGRV GHOFLFORQDSROHyQLFRODVFDVDVSDUHFHQ
KDFHV GH JXHUUHURV TXH OXFKDQ FRQWUD HO ERVTXH \ VXV SXHUWDV VRQ HVFXGRV \ URGHODV TXH
YLJLODQ \GHILHQGHQHVWHGLDULRWUDMtQ
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
3HUR FXDQGR HO DLUH LHQH GH DUULD GH ODV FUHVWDV QHDGDV HO XPR HQ YH] GH

VXLU  D OR DOWR VH PHWH SRU ODV HQWDQDV D~PD ODV LHMDV SDUHGHV \ DFDD
HQROLHQGRDOSXHEORHQXQIXOJRUGHDWDOODVHPHMDQWHDORVLHMRVJUDDGRVGHOFLFOR

QDSROHyQLFRODVFDVDVSDUHFHQDFHVGHJXHUUHURVTXHOXFKDQFRQWUDHORVTXH\VXVSXHUWDV
VRQHVFXGRV\URGHODVTXHLJLODQ\GHILHQGHQHVWHGLDULRWUDtQ

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

/RV YHJHWDULDQRV FRQVWLWX\HQ XQD VHFWD HQWUH FLHQWtILFD \ UHOLJLRVD IRUPDGD SRU
KRPEUHV GH SRFR KXPRU \ GH PHQRV MXJR JiVWULFR (VWD FODVH GH KRPEUHV KD VLGR VLHPSUH
PX\ DILFLRQDGD D IXQGDU VHFWDV SHUR KDVWD DKRUD QR KDEtD IRUPDGR QLQJXQD TXH VH
UHODFLRQDVH WDQGLUHFWDPHQWH FRQORVPRWLYRV GHVXGHVFRQWHQWR&HOHEUHPRVSXHVFRPRVH
GHEHODVLQFHULGDG GHORVYHJHWDULDQRV\DRWUDFRVD(OKtJDGR GHEHVHJUHJDU ELOLV\FXDQGR
HQYH]GHELOLVHPSLH]D DVHJUHJDUYLUWXGHVTXHIXQFLRQD PDO
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
/RVHHWDULDQRVFRQVWLWX\HQXQDHWDHQWUHFLHQWtILFD\UHOLLRVDIRUPDGDSRU

RPUHV GH SRFR XPRU \ GH PHQRV MXJR iVWULFR (VWD FODVH GH KRPEUHV D LGR
VLHPSUH PX\ DILLRQDGD D IXQGDU VHFWDV SHUR DVWD DRUD QR DtD IRUPDGR QLQJXQD
TXH VH UHODLRQDH WDQ GLUHWDPHQWH FRQ ORV PRWLRV GH VX GHVFRQWHQWR HOHUHPRV

SXHV FRPR VH GHEH OD LQHULGDG GH ORV YHJHWDULDQRV \ D RWUD FRVD (O tJDGR GHEH
HJUHJDULOLV\FXDQGRHQYH]GHELOLVHPSLHDDVHJUHJDULUWXGHVTXHIXQLRQDPDO

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

/DHVFXHODHVHOVHJXQGRKRJDUGHOQLxR$OOtFUHFHVHIRUWDOHFHVHKDFH KRPEUH$OOt
FRQRFH ODGLVFLSOLQDDGTXLHUHFRQRFLPLHQWRV GHJUDQLPSRUWDQFLD SDUDVXIXWXURHQULTXHFH VX
YRFDEXODULR \ VH DEUH DO PXQGR GH ODV UHODFLRQHV KXPDQDV /R TXH DOOt FRQR]FD HO QLxR OH
VHUYLUi GHEDVHVREUHODFXDOLQVWDODUODH[SHULHQFLD TXHYD\DUHFRJLHQGRGHVSXpVHQODYLGD
'HHVDVUDtFHV TXHVHSURIXQGL]DQ DXQDWHPSUDQDHGDGVXUJLUiHOiUEROGHODYLUWXGTXHVHLUi
PDGXUDQGRFXDQGRODFRQVWDQFLD \ODSHUVHYHUDQFLD ORFRQYLHUWDQHQXQKRPEUHGHSURYHFKR
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
/DHVFXHODHVHOVHJXQGRKRJDUGHOQLxR$OOtFUHHVHIRUWDOHHVHKDHKRPEUH

$OOt FRQRH OD GLVLSOLQD DGTXLHUH FRQRLPLHQWRV GH JUDQ LPSRUWDQLD SDUD VX IXWXUR

HQULTXHH VX YRFDEXODULR \ VH DEUH DO PXQGR GH ODV UHODLRQHV KXPDQDV /R TXH DOOt
FRQRFD HO QLxR OH HUYLUi GH EDVH VREUH OD FXDO LQVWDODU OD HSHULHQLD TXH YD\D
UHFRJLHQGR GHVSXpV HQ OD YLGD 'H HVDV UDtHV TXH VH SURIXQGLDQ D XQD WHPSUDQD HGDG

VXUJLUiHOiUEROGHODYLUWXGTXHVHLUiPDGXUDQGRFXDQGRODFRQVWDQLD\ODSHUHYHUDQLD
ORFRQYLHUWDQHQXQKRPEUHGHSURYHFKR

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

Lee primero.
DICTADO
Sal pronto de ah y aslate por primera providencia; vete al campo, y en la soledad,
conversa con el universo si quieres, habla a la congregacin de las cosas todas. Que se pierde
tu voz? Ms te vale que se pierdan tus palabras en el cielo inmenso a no que resuenen entre
las cuatro paredes de un corral de vecindad, sobre la chchara de las comadres. Vale ms ser
ola pasajera en el ocano, que charco muerto en la hondonada.

Sin cometer faltas de ortografa, escribe aqu todas las palabras subrayadas.

Completa ahora las palabras.

Sal pronto de a.... y aslate por primera pro....iden....ia; vete al campo, y en la

soleda...., conversa con el universo si quieres, ....abla a la congregacin de las cosas todas.
Que se pierde tu voz? Ms te ....ale que se pierdan tus palabras en el cielo inmenso a no que
resuenen entre las cuatro paredes de un corral de ....e....indad, sobre la chchara de las
comadres. Vale ms ser ola pasa....era en el ocano, que charco muerto en la ....ondonada.

NOMBRE:..................................................................................................................................
FECHA:...............................................
DICTADO

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

/ODPDGRHOVpSWLPR DUWHHOFLQH HVXQLPSRUWDQWtVLPR PHGLRGHH[SUHVLyQ DUWtVWLFDTXH

HQUHODWLYDPHQWHSRFRVDxRVKDORJUDGRHQULTXHFHU HODFHUYR FXOWXUDOGHORVSXHEORV0H]FOD
GH IRWRJUDItD \ DFFLyQ VRQLGR \ SUHFLVLyQ OXFHV \ HVFHQDULR HO FLQH VLUYH D PXFKRV GH
GLVWUDFFLyQ D RWURV GH IRUPDFLyQ LQWHOHFWXDO D WUDYpV GHO FRQRFLPLHQWR GH ORV DYDQFHV GH OD
FLHQFLD TXHVHGLYXOJDQSRUHVDYtD\D~QDRWURVSDUDKDFHU HVWUHPHFHU VXVFRQFLHQFLDV DQWH
ODVHVFHQDV UHSUHVHQWDGDVHQODSDQWDOOD
/DV WUDGXFFLRQHV \ HO GREODMH KDQ KHFKR SRVLEOH TXH SHUVRQDV GH GLVWLQWDV OHQJXDV
SXHGDQGLVIUXWDUGHODVFLQHPDWRJUDItDV GHWRGRVORVSDtVHV \DSHVDUGHOUHFLHQWH DXJHGHOD
WHOHYLVLyQFRQWLQ~DVLHQGR XQDGHODVPDQHUDVPDVHILFDFHV GHYHQFHU HORFLR
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
/ODPDGR HO pWLPR DUWH HO LQH HV XQ LSRUWDQWtLPR PHGLR GH HSUHLyQ

DUWtVWLFDTXHHQUHODWLYDPHQWHSRFRVDxRVKDORJUDGRHQULTXHHUHODHURFXOWXUDOGHORV
SXHEORV0HFODGHIRWRJUDItD\DFLyQVRQLGR\SUHLLyQOXHV\HVHQDULRHOFLQH
LUH D PXFKRV GH GLVWUDFLyQ D RWURV GH IRUPDLyQ LQWHOHWXDO D WUDYpV GHO
FRQRLPLHQWR GH ORV DDQHV GH OD LHQLD TXH VH GLYXOJDQ SRU HVD YtD \ D~Q D RWURV
SDUDKDHUHVWUHPHHUVXVFRQLHQLDVDQWHODVHVHQDVUHSUHVHQWDGDVHQODSDQWDOOD

/DVWUDGXFLRQHV \HOGREODMHKDQKHFKRSRLEOHTXHSHUVRQDVGHGLVWLQWDVOHQJXDV

SXHGDQGLVIUXWDUGHODVLQHPDWRJUDItDVGHWRGRVORVSDtHV\DSHVDUGHOUHLHQWHDXJHGH
ODWHOHLLyQFRQWLQ~DLHQGRXQDGHODVPDQHUDVPDVHILFDHVGHHQHUHORLR

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

$O HQFRQWUDUQRV DUULED VDOWDPRV GH DOHJUtD (VSDUFLPRV OD YLVWD SRU ORV WHFKRV GHO
DUUDEDO\YLPRVDOROHMRV ODVEDWHUtDV IUDQFHVDV$JDWDVDYDQ]DPRVEXHQWUHFKRH[SORUDQGR
HOWHUUHQRGHVSXpVGHGHMDU GRVFHQWLQHODVHQHOERTXHWHFRQRUGHQGHGHVFHUUDMDU XQWLUR DO
TXHTXLVLHVHHVFXUULUVH SRUpO\QRKDEtDPRVDQGDGRYHLQWHSDVRVFXDQGRRtPRVJUDQUXLGR
GH YRFHV \ ULVDV TXH DO SXQWR QRV SDUHFLHURQ GH IUDQFHVHV (IHFWLYDPHQWH GHVGH XQ DQFKR
EXKDUGLOOyQ QRV PLUDEDQ ULHQGR DTXHOORV PDOGLWRV 1R WDUGDURQ HQ KDFHUQRV IXHJR
SDUDSHWDGRV QRVRWURVWUDVODVFKLPHQHDV\WUDVORViQJXORV \UHFRUWDGXUDV TXHDOOtRIUHFtDQORV
WHMDGRV OHV FRQWHVWDPRV D ORV WLURV FRQ WLURV \ D ORV MXUDPHQWRV \ H[FODPDFLRQHV FRQ RWUDV
PLOLQYHQWLYDVTXHQRVLQVSLUDED HOIHFXQGRLQJHQLRGHWtR*DUFpV
$OILQQRVUHWLUDPRVVDOWDQGRDOWHMDGRGHODFDVDFHUFDQD
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV

$O HQFRQWUDUQRV DLED VDOWDPRVGH DOHJUtD(VSDFLPRVODYLVWDSRUORVWHFKRVGHO

DDEDO \ YLPRV D OR OHMRV ODV EDWHtDV IUDQFHVDV $ JDWDV DYDQ]DPRV EXHQ WUHFKR

HSORDQGR HO WHHQR GHVSXpV GH GHMD GRV FHQWLQHODV HQ HO ERTXHWH FRQ RUGHQ GH
GHVHDMDUXQWLRDOTXHTXLVLHVHHVFXLUVHSRUpO\QRKDEtDPRVDQGDGRYHLQWHSDVRV
FXDQGR RtPRV JUDQ XLGR GH YRFHV \ LVDV TXH DO SXQWR QRV SDUHLHRQ GH IUDQFHVHV

(IHFWLYDPHQWH GHVGH XQ DQFKR EXDGLOOyQ QRV PLDEDQ LHQGR DTXHOORV PDOGLWRV 1R

WDUGDRQHQKDFHUQRVIXHJRSDDSHWDGRVQRVRWURVWUDVODVFKLPHQHDV \WUDVORViQJXORV \

UHFRUWDGXDV TXH DOOt RIUHFtDQ ORV WHMDGRV OHV FRQWHVWDPRV D ORV WLURV FRQ WLURV \ D ORV
MXDPHQWRV\H[FODPDFLRQHVFRQRWUDVPLOLQYHQWLYDVTXHQRVLQVSLDEDHOIHFXQGRLQJHQLR
GHWtR*DUFpV

$OILQQRVUHWLDPRVVDOWDQGRDOWHMDGRGHODFDVD HFDQD

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

(VWD HUD OD LQVFULSFLyQ TXH KDEtD HQ OD SXHUWD GH FULVWDO GH XQD WLHQGHFLWD SHUR
QDWXUDOPHQWHVyORVHYHtD DVtFXDQGRVHPLUDED DODFDOOHDWUDYpV GHOFULVWDOGHVGHHOLQWHULRU
HQSHQXPEUD
)XHUD KDFtD XQD PDxDQD IUtD \ JULV GH QRYLHPEUH \ OORYtD D FiQWDURV /DV JRWDV
FRUUHWHDEDQ SRUHOFULVWDO\VREUH ODVDGRUQDGDVOHWUDV/R~QLFRTXHSRGUtDYHUVH SRUODSXHUWD
HUDXQDSDUHG PDQFKDGDGHOOXYLDDORWURODGRGHODFDOOH
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
(VWD HUD OD LQVFULLyQ TXH KDtD HQ OD SXHUWD GH FULVWDO GH XQD WLHQGHLWD SHUR

QDWXUDOPHQWH VyOR VH HtD DVt FXDQGR VH PLUDD D OD FDOOH D WUDpV GHO FULVWDO GHVGH HO
LQWHULRUHQSHQXUD

)XHUD KDtD XQD PDxDQD IUtD \ JULV GH QRLHPEUH \ OORtD D FiQWDURV /DV JRWDV

FRUUHWHDDQ SRU HO FULVWDO \ VRUH ODV DGRUQDGDV OHWUDV /R ~QLFR TXH SRGUtD HUVH SRU OD
SXHUWDHUDXQDSDUH PDQFKDGDGHOOXYLDDORWURODGRGHODFDOOH

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

/DSXHUWDVHDEULyGHSURQWRFRQWDOYLROHQFLD TXHXQSHTXHxRUDFLPR GHFDPSDQLOODV

GHODWyQTXHFROJDED VREUHHOODDVXVWDGRVHSXVRDUHSLTXHWHDUVLQSRGHUWUDQTXLOL]DUVH HQXQ
EXHQUDWR
(OFDXVDQWHGHODOERURWR HUDXQPXFKDFKRSHTXHxR\IUDQFDPHQWHJRUGRGHXQRVGLH]
X RQFH DxRV 6X SHOR FDVWDxR RVFXUR OH FDtD FKRUUHDQGR VREUH OD FDUD WHQtD HO DEULJR
HPSDSDGR GH OOXYLD \ FROJDED GH XQD FRUUHD OOHYDED D OD HVSDOGD XQD FDUWHUD GH FROHJLDO
(VWDED XQSRFRSiOLGR\VLQDOLHQWRSHURHQFRQWUDVWHFRQODSULVDTXHDFDEDED GHGDUVHVH
TXHGyHQODSXHUWDDELHUWD FRPRFODYDGR HQHOVXHOR
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
/D SXHUWD VH DEULy GH SURQWR FRQ WDO LROHQLD TXH XQ SHTXHxR UDLPR GH

FDPSDQLOODV GH ODWyQ TXH FROJDD VREUH HOOD DVXVWDGR VH SXVR D UHSLHWHDU VLQ SRGHU
WUDQTXLOLDUVHHQXQEXHQUDWR

(O FDXVDQWH GHO DORURWR HUD XQ PXFKDFKR SHTXHxR \ IUDQFDPHQWH JRUGR GH XQRV

GLH]XRQHDxRV6XSHORFDVWDxRRVFXUROHFDtDFKRUUHDQGRVREUHODFDUDWHQtDHODULJR

HSDSDGR GH OOXYLD \ FROJDED GH XQD FRHD OOHDD D OD HVSDOGD XQD FDUWHUD GH
FROHLDO(VWDDXQSRFRSiOLGR\VLQDOLHQWRSHURHQFRQWUDVWHFRQODSULVDTXHDFDDD
GHGDUVHVHTXHGyHQODSXHUWDDLHUWDFRPRFODDGRHQHOVXHOR

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

$QWHpOWHQtDXQDKDELWDFLyQ ODUJD\HVWUHFKDTXHVHSHUGtDDOIRQGRHQSHQXPEUD(Q
ODV SDUHGHV KDEtD HVWDQWHV TXH OOHJDEDQ KDVWD HO WHFKR DEDUURWDGRV GH OLEURV GH WRGR WLSR \
WDPDxR (Q HO VXHOR VH DSLODEDQ PRQWRQHV GH PDPRWUHWRV \ HQ DOJXQDV PHVLWDV KDEtD
PRQWDxDV GH OLEURV PiV SHTXHxRV HQFXDGHUQDGRV HQ FXHUR FX\RV FDQWRV EULOODEDQ FRPR HO
RUR'HWUiVGHXQDSDUHGGHOLEURVWDQDOWDFRPRXQKRPEUHTXHVHDO]DEDDORWURH[WUHPR GH
ODKDELWDFLyQVHYHtD HOUHVSODQGRUGHXQDOiPSDUD
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
$QWHpOWHQtDXQDDELWDFLyQODUJD \HVWUHFKDTXHVHSHUGtDDOIRQGRHQSHQXPUD

(QODVSDUHGHVDtDHVWDQWHVTXHOOHJDDQKDVWDHOWHFKRDDUURWDGRVGHOLEURVGHWRGR

WLSR\WDPDxR(QHOVXHORVHDSLODDQPRQWRQHVGHPDPRWUHWRV\HQDOJXQDVPHLWDVKDEtD
PRQWDxDVGHOLEURVPiVSHTXHxRVHQFXDGHUQDGRVHQFXHURFX\RVFDQWRVULOODDQFRPRHO
RUR'HWUiVGHXQDSDUHGGHOLEURVWDQDOWDFRPRXQRPUHTXHVHDO]DEDDORWURHWUHPR
GHODKDELWDFLyQVHHtDHOUHVSODQGRUGHXQDOiSDUD

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

'H HVD ]RQD LOXPLQDGD VH HOHYDED GH YH] HQ FXDQGR XQ DQLOOR GH KXPR TXH LED
DXPHQWDQGR GH WDPDxR \ VH GHVYDQHFtD OXHJR PiV DUULED HQ OD RVFXULGDG (UD FRPR HVDV
VHxDOHV FRQ TXH ORV LQGLRV VH FRPXQLFDQ QRWLFLDV GH FROLQD HQ FROLQD (YLGHQWHPHQWH DOOt
KDEtD DOJXLHQ\HQHIHFWRHOPXFKDFKRR\yXQDYR] EDVWDQWHEUXVFDTXHGHVGHGHWUiVGHOD
SDUHGGHOLEURVGHFtD
4XpGHVHSDVPDGRGHQWURRIXHUDSHURFLHUUH ODSXHUWD+D\ FRUULHQWH
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV

'HHVDRQDLOXPLQDGDVHHOHDDGHYH]HQFXDQGRXQDQLOORGHXPRTXHLD

DXPHQWDQGRGHWDPDxR\VHGHVDQHtDOXHJRPiVDUULDHQODRVFXULGDG(UDFRPRHVDV

VHxDOHV FRQTXHORVLQGLRVVHFRPXQLFDQQRWLLDVGHFROLQD HQFROLQD(LGHQWHPHQWH DOOt

DEtDDOJXLHQ\HQHIHFWRHOPXFKDFKRR\yXQDR]EDVWDQWHEUXVFDTXHGHVGHGHWUiVGHOD
SDUHGGHOLEURVGHtD

4XpGHVHSDVPDGRGHQWURRIXHUDSHURLHUUHODSXHUWDD\FRUULHQWH

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

(OPXFKDFKRREHGHFLyFHUUDQGR FRQVXDYLGDG ODSXHUWD/XHJRVHDFHUFy DODSDUHGGH

OLEURV\PLUyFRQSUHFDXFLyQ DORWURODGR$OOtHVWDED VHQWDGRHQXQVLOOyQ GHRUHMDVGHFXHUR
GHVJDVWDGR XQ KRPEUH JUXHVR \ UHFKRQFKR /OHYDED XQ WUDMH QHJUR DUUXJDGR TXH SDUHFtD
PX\ XVDGR \ FRPR SROYRULHQWR 8Q FKDOHFR IORUHDGR OH VXMHWDED HO YLHQWUH (O KRPEUH HUD
FDOYR \VyORSRUHQFLPD GHODVRUHMDVOHEURWDEDQ PHFKRQHVGHSHORVEODQFRV7HQtDXQDFDUD
URMDTXHUHFRUGDEDODGHXQEXOGRJGH HVR TXH PXHUGHQ6REUHODVQDULFHVOOHQDVGHEXOWRV
OOHYDED XQDV JDIDV SHTXHxDV \ GRUDGDV \ IXPDED HQ XQD SLSD FXUYD TXH OH FROJDED GH OD
FRPLVXUDGHORVODELRV WRUFLpQGROH WRGDODERFD
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDV VXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
(O PXFKDFKR RHGHFLy HUUDQGR FRQ VXDLGDG OD SXHUWD /XHJR VH DHUFy D OD

SDUHG GH OLEURV \ PLUy FRQ SUHFDXLyQ DO RWUR ODGR $OOt HVWDD VHQWDGR HQ XQ LOOyQ GH

RUHMDV GH FXHUR GHVJDVWDGR XQ RPEUH JUXHVR \ UHFKRQFKR /OHDD XQ WUDH QHJUR
DUUXJDGRTXHSDUHFtDPX\XVDGR\FRPRSRORULHQWR8QFKDOHFRIORUHDGROHVXHWDDHO
LHQWUH(OKRPEUHHUDFDOR\VyORSRUHQLPDGH ODVRUHMDVOHURWDDQPHFKRQHVGH

SHORVEODQFRV7HQtDXQDFDUDURMDTXHUHFRUGDEDODGHXQEXOGRJGHHVRTXHPXHUGHQ6REUH
ODVQDULHVOOHQDVGHEXOWRVOOHYDEDXQDVJDIDVSHTXHxDV\GRUDGDV\IXPDDHQXQDSLSD
FXUDTXHOHFROJDD GHODFRPLVXUDGHORVODLRVWRULpQGROHWRGDODERFD

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

6REUHODVURGLOODVWHQtDXQOLEURHQHOTXHHYLGHQWHPHQWHKDEtD HVWDGROH\HQGRSRUTXH
DOFHUUDUOR KDEtD GHMDGRHQWUHVXVSiJLQDV HOJRUGRGHGRtQGLFH GHODPDQRL]TXLHUGDFRPR
VHxDOGHOHFWXUDSRUGHFLUORDVt
(OKRPEUHVHTXLWyODVJDIDVFRQODPDQRGHUHFKDFRQWHPSOyDOPXFKDFKRSHTXHxR\
JRUGR TXH HVWDED DQWH pO FKRUUHDQGR IUXQFLHQGR DO KDFHUOR ORV RMRV OR TXH DXPHQWy OD
LPSUHVLyQ GHTXHLED DPRUGHU\VHOLPLWyDPXVLWDU 9D\DSRU'LRV /XHJRYROYLy DDEULU
VXOLEUR\VLJXLyOH\HQGR
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
6REUH ODV URGLOODV WHQtD XQ OLEUR HQ HO TXH HLGHQWHPHQWH  DtD HVWDGR OH\HQGR

SRUTXH DO HUUDUOR DtD GHMDGR HQWUH VXV SiLQDV HO JRUGR GHGR tQGLH GH OD PDQR
L]TXLHUGDFRPRVHxDOGHOHFWXUDSRUGHFLUORDt

(OKRPEUHVHTXLWyODVJDIDVFRQODPDQRGHUHFKDFRQWHPSOyDOPXFKDFKRSHTXHxR\

JRUGR TXH HVWDED DQWH pO FKRUUHDQGR IUXQLHQGR DO DHUOR ORV RMRV OR TXH DXPHQWy OD
LPSUHLyQGHTXHLDDPRUGHU\VHOLPLWyDPXVLWDU 9D\DSRU'LRV /XHJRROLyD
DULUVXOLEUR\VLJXLyOH\HQGR

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

(O PXFKDFKR QR VDEtD PX\ ELHQ TXH KDFHU \ SRU HVR VH TXHGy VLPSOHPHQWH DOOt
PLUDQGRDOKRPEUH FRQORVRMRVPX\DELHUWRV)LQDOPHQWHHOKRPEUHFHUUy HOOLEURRWUDYH]
GHMDQGRHOGHGRFRPRDQWHVHQWUHVXVSiJLQDV \JUXxy PLUDFKLFR\RQRSXHGRVRSRUWDUD
ORV QLxRV <D VH TXH HVWi GH PRGD KDFHU PXFKRV HVSDYLHQWRV FXDQGR VH WUDWD GH YRVRWURV
SHURHVRQRUH]D FRQPLJR1RPHJXVWDQORVQLxRVHQDEVROXWR3DUDPLQRVRQPiVTXHXQRV
HVW~SLGRVOORURQHV\XQRVSHVDGRVTXHORGHVWUR]DQ WRGRPDQFKDQORVOLEURVGHPHUPHODGD\
OHVUDVSDQODVSiJLQDV \DORVTXHOHVLPSRUWDXQSLPLHQWRTXHORVPD\RUHVWHQJDQWDPELpQ
VXVSUHRFXSDFLRQHV\VXVSUREOHPDV
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
(O PXFKDFKR QR VDtD PX\ ELHQ TXH  DFHU \ SRU HVR VH TXHGy VLPSOHPHQWH DOOt

PLUDQGRDORPEUHFRQORVRMRVPX\DLHUWRV)LQDOPHQWHHOKRPEUHHUUyHOOLEURRWUD

YH GHMDQGRHOGHGRFRPRDQWHVHQWUHVXVSiLQDV \JUXxy PLUDFKLFR\RQRSXHGR

VRSRUWDUDORVQLxRV<D VHTXHHVWiGHPRGDKDFHUPXFKRVHVSDLHQWRV FXDQGRVHWUDWDGH

YRVRWURVSHURHVRQRUHDFRQPLJR1RPHJXVWDQORVQLxRVHQDVROXWR3DUDPLQRVRQ
PiVTXHXQRVHVW~SLGRVOORURQHV\XQRVSHVDGRVTXHORGHVWURDQWRGRPDQFKDQORVOLEURV

GHPHUPHODGD\OHVUDVSDQODVSiJLQDV\DORVTXHOHVLPSRUWDXQSLPLHQWRTXHORVPD\RUHV
WHQJDQWDLpQVXVSUHRFXSDFLRQHV\VXVSUREOHPDV

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

7HORGLJRVyORSDUDTXHVHSDVDTXpDWHQHUWH$GHPiVQRWHQJROLEURVSDUDQLxRV\ORV
RWURVQRORVYHQGR(VWiFODUR"
7RGRHVRORKDEtD GLFKRVLQTXLWDUVH ODSLSDGHODERFD/XHJRDEULy HOOLEURRWUDYH] \
FRQWLQXyOH\HQGR
(O PXFKDFKRDVLQWLy HQVLOHQFLR \VHGLRODYXHOWD SDUDPDUFKDUVHSHURGHDOJ~QPRGR
OHSDUHFLy TXHQRGHEtD DFHSWDU VLQSURWHVWDDTXHOVHUPyQ\SRUHVRVHYROYLy RWUDYH]\GLMR
HQYR] EDMD
 1RWRGRV VRQDVt
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
7HORGLJRVyORSDUDTXHVHSDVDTXpDWHQHUWH$GHPiVQRWHQJROLEURVSDUDQLxRV\ORV

RWURVQRORVHQGR(VWiFODUR"

7RGRHVRORDtDGLFKRVLQ TXLWDUHODSLSDGHODRFD/XHJRDULyHOOLEURRWUD

YH]\FRQWLQXyOH\HQGR

(OPXFKDFKRDLQWLyHQLOHQFLR\VHGLRODXHOWDSDUDPDUFKDUVHSHURGHDOJ~Q

PRGROHSDUHFLyTXHQRGHtDDHWDUVLQSURWHVWDDTXHOHUPyQ\SRUHVRVHROLy
RWUDYH]\GLMRHQR]EDMD
 1RWRGRV VRQDVt

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

(O KRPEUH OHYDQWy GHVSDFLR OD YLVWD \ VH TXLWy GH QXHYR ODV JDIDV  7RGDYtD HVWiV
DKt" 4Xp KD\ TXH KDFHU SDUD OLEUDUVH GH WL PH OR TXLHUHV GHFLU" 4Xp HUD HVR WDQ
LPSRUWDQWtVLPRTXHKDEtDV GLFKR"
 1RHUDLPSRUWDQWH UHVSRQGLy HOPXFKDFKRHQYR] PiVEDMDWRGDYtD6yORTXHQR
WRGRVORVQLxRVVRQFRPRXVWHGGLFH
 9D\D (OKRPEUHHQDUFyODVFHMDV ILQJLHQGR DVRPEUR (QWRQFHVW~HUHVVLQGXGD
XQDH[FHSFLyQQR"
(OPXFKDFKR JRUGRQRVXSRTXH UHVSRQGHU6yORVH HQFRJLy GHKRPEURV \ VHYROYLy
RWUDYH] SDUDLUVH
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
(O  RPEUH OHDQWy GHVSDFLR OD  LVWD \ VH TXLWy GH QXHYR ODV JDIDV  7RGDtD

HVWiVDt"4XpKD\TXH DFHUSDUDOLUDUVHGHWLPHORTXLHUHVGHLU"4XpHUDHVRWDQ
LPSRUWDQWtVLPRTXH DEtDVGLFKR"

 1RHUDLPSRUWDQWH UHVSRQGLyHOPXFKDFKRHQ R]PiVEDMDWRGDYtD6yORTXH

QRWRGRVORVQLxRVVRQFRPRXVWHGGLFH

 9D\D (O KRPEUH HQDUFy ODV HMDV ILQLHQGR DVRPEUR (QWRQFHV W~ HUHV VLQ

GXGDXQD HHFLyQQR"

(O PXFKDFKR JRUGR QR VXSR TXH UHVSRQGHU 6yOR VH HQFRLy GH KRPEURV \ VH

ROLyRWUD H SDUDLUH

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

0LFDVDHVWDEDIXHUD GHOSXHEORDXQRVGRVFLHQWRVSDVRVODUJRV GHODV~OWLPDVGHOD

SLxD(UD HVWUHFKD \GHXQVRORSLVRFRPRFRUUHVSRQGtD DPLSRVLFLyQSHUR FRPROOHJXp D
WRPDUOH FDULxR WHPSRUDGDV KXER HQ TXH KDVWD PH VHQWtD RUJXOORVR GH HOOD (Q UHDOLGDG OR
~QLFR GH OD FDVD TXH VH SRGtD YHU HUD OD FRFLQD OR SULPHUR TXH VH HQFRQWUDED DO HQWUDU
VLHPSUH OLPSLD \ EODQTXHDGD FRQ SULPRU FLHUWR HV TXH HO VXHOR HUD GH WLHUUD SHUR WDPELpQ
SLVDGD OD WHQtD FRQ VXV JXLMDUULOORV KDFLHQGR GLEXMRV TXH HQ QDGD GHVPHUHFtD GH RWUDV
PXFKDVHQODVTXHHOGXHxRKDEtDHFKDGRSyUODPSRUVHQWLUVHPiVPRGHUQR
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
0LFDVDHVWDEDIXHDGHOSXHEORDXQRVGRVFLHQWRVSDVRVODJRVGHODV~OWLPDVGHOD

SLxD (D HVWUHFKD \ GH XQ VROR SLVR FRPR FRHVSRQGtD D PL SRVLFLyQ SHR FRPR
HpD WRPDUOHFDLxRWHSRDGDVKXERHQTXHKDVWD PHVHQWtDRUJXRVRGHHD
(QHDOLGDGOR~QLFRGHODFDVDTXHVHSRGtDYHUHUDODFRFLQDORSULPHRTXHVHHQFRQWUDED

DO HQWUD VLHPSUH OLPSLD \ EODQTXHDGD FRQ SULPR FLHUWR HV TXH HO VXHOR HUD GH WLHD

SHURWDPELpQSLVDGDODWHQtDFRQVXVJXLMDLOORVKDFLHQGRGLEXMRVTXHHQQDGDGHVPHHFtD
GHRWUDVPXFKDVHQODVTXHHOGXHxRKDEtDHFKDGRSyUODPSRUVHQWLUVHPiVPRGHQR

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

7XYLPRV WLHPSRVLQHPEDUJRSDUDEXVFDU DWLHQWDV\UHFRJHUDORVGRVFDPDUDGDVTXH

KDEtDQ FDtGR GXUDQWH OD UHIULHJD \ OXHJR TXH VDOLPRV FHUUDPRV OD SXHUWD WDELFiQGROD SRU
GHQWURFRQSLHGUDVHVFRPEURVYLJDVWRQHOHV\FXDQWRHQHOSDWLRVHQRVYLQR DODVPDQRV$O
VXELUHOTXHQRVPDQGDED UHSDUWLyDOJXQRVKRPEUHV HQGLVWLQWRVSXQWRVGHODFDVDGHMDQGR
XQSDUGHHVFXFKDVHQHOSDWLRSDUDDWHQGHUDORVJROSHVGHOD]DSDHQHPLJD\DPtPHWRFy
VDOLUIXHUDFRQRWURVSDUDWUDHUXQSRFRGHFRPLGDTXHDWRGRVQRVKDFtD PXFKtVLPDIDOWD
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
7XLPRVWLHPSRVLQHPEDUJRSDUDXVFDUDWLHQWDV\UHFRJHUDORVGRVFDPDUDGDV

TXH KDtDQ FDtGR GXUDQWH OD UHIULHJD \ OXHJR TXH VDOLPRV FHUUDPRV OD SXHUWD WDLFiQGROD

SRUGHQWUR FRQSLHGUDV HVFRPURVLJDVWRQHOHV \FXDQWRHQ HOSDWLRVHQRVLQRDODV

PDQRV$OVXLUHOTXHQRVPDQGDDUHSDUWLyDOJXQRVKRPUHVHQGLVWLQWRVSXQWRVGHOD
FDVDGHMDQGRXQSDUGHHVFXFKDVHQHOSDWLRSDUDDWHQGHUDORVJROSHVGHOD]DSDHQHPLJD\D

Pt PH WRFy VDOLU IXHUD FRQ RWURV SDUD WUDHU XQ SRFR GH FRPLGD TXH D WRGRV QRV DtD
PXFKtVLPDIDOWD

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2

/HHSULPHUR

',&7$'2

<RFRPRHVWDED KHFKRDOYLQRPRUtDSRUpO\YLHQGR TXHDTXHOUHPHGLRGHODSDMDQR

PHDSURYHFKDED QLYDOtDDFRUGpHQHOVXHORGHOMDUURKDFHUOH XQDIXHQWHFLOOD\DJXMHUR VRWLO
\ GHOLFDGDPHQWH FRQ XQD PX\ GHOJDGD WRUWLOOD GH FHUD WDSDUOR \ DO WLHPSR GH FRPHU
ILQJLHQGRKDEHU IUtRHQWUiEDPH HQWUHODVSLHUQDVGHOWULVWHFLHJR DFDOHQWDUPHHQODSREUHFLOOD
OXPEUH TXHWHQtDPRV\DOFDORUGHHOODOXHJRGHUUHWLGDODFHUDSRUVHUPX\SRFDFRPHQ]DED
ODIXHQWHFLOODDGHVWLODUPHHQODERFDODFXDO \RGHWDOPDQHUDSRQtDTXHPDOGLWDODJRWDVH
SHUGtD&XDQGRHOSREUHWRLED DEHEHUQRKDOODED QDGD
6LQFRPHWHUIDOWDVGHRUWRJUDItDHVFULEHDTXtWRGDVODVSDODEUDVVXEUD\DGDV

&RPSOHWDDKRUDODVSDODEUDV
<RFRPRHVWDDKHFKRDOYLQRPRUtDSRUpO\LHQGRTXHDTXHOUHPHGLRGHODSDMD

QR PH DSURHFKDD QL DOtD DFRUGp HQ HO VXHOR GHO MDUUR DHUOH XQD IXHQWHFLOOD \

DJXHURVRWLO\GHOLFDGDPHQWHFRQXQDPX\GHOJDGDWRUWLOODGHFHUDWDSDUOR\DOWLHPSRGH
FRPHUILQJLHQGRDHUIUtRHQWUiDPHHQWUHODVSLHUQDVGHOWULVWHLHJRDFDOHQWDUPHHQ
OD SREUHFLOOD OXPUH TXH WHQtDPRV \ DO FDORU GH HOOD OXHJR GHUUHWLGD OD FHUD SRU VHU PX\
SRFDFRPHQDDODIXHQWHFLOODDGHVWLODUPHHQODERFDODFXDO\RGHWDOPDQHUDSRQtDTXH
PDOGLWDODJRWDVHSHUGtD&XDQGRHOSREUHWRLDDHHUQRKDOODDQDGD

VXWLOH]D

120%5(
)(&+$

',&7$'2