MAT 093 Exercise 2.

1
1

A=2, B=1 or 6 , C= 6 or 1

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

A=1 , B=2 , C=3

P(x)= (x-1)(2x2+6x+7)
k=1, p=6
k=2
a=7 , b=-7
(x-3)(-x-3)(2x-1)
(2x-3)(x2-2x-5)
p=1, q=--24
x= 1
P(x)=(x-1)(x-2)(2x+1)(x+4)

13
14
15.
16.

Q(x)= 4x2-24x+37, remainder= - 25

Q(x)= x2- x+1, remainder = -2x+7
3,-1/2, 5/2
a=7, b=2

-1,

3 17
.
4

Selected Exercise 2
1(b) P(x) =(x+1)(2x-1)(x-5) , x=-1, ,5
2(a)

(a) p=4, q=5 , (b) f(x) = (x-1)(4x+5)( x-1)

3.

(a) a=2, b=19, (b) P(x) = (x-1)(x-2)(2x-1)(x+3), (c) x= 1,,2,1/2 ,-3

4.

(b) H(x)=(x+1)

5.

(a) p=3 q=-7 , (b) P(x)=(x-1)(3x+2)(x-2) (c) x=1, -2/3, 2

6.

(a) k=2, (b) -1,1,2/3 , (c) -24

7.

a2, b=-1, c=2

8.

n=2, P(x) = (x-1)(x+1)(x-2)(x+2)

SOLUTION : SELECTED EXERCISE 2

3. Consider the polynomial P(x) = ax4-x3 -14x2 +bx-6 where a and b are constants. If one of the
zeros of P(x) is 2 and the remainder is -36 when P(x) is divided by x +1,
a) find the values of a and b.
b) factorise P(x) completely.
c) find the values of x such that P(x) = 0.

SOLUTION :
a) 2 is the zero of P(x) P(2)=0

a(2) 4 (2)3 14(2)2 b(2) 6 0

16a 2b 70 0

8a b 35 1
P(-1) = - 36 (remainder theorem)

a( 1) 4 ( 1)3 14( 1)2 b( 1) 6 36

a b 19 36

a b 17 2

1 2 :

9a 18

a2

Substitute a=2 into (2) : 2-b= -17

b=2+17=19
b) P( x ) 2x 4 x 3 14 x 2 19 x 6 0
Try x 1 : P (1) 2(1) 4 (1)3 14(1) 2 19(1) 6
2 1 14 19 6
0

x 1 is a factor of P ( x ).

x 1 and x 2 are factors of P( x ).

x 1x 2 x 2 3 x 2 is a factor of P ( x )

a 2 , b 19

2x 2 5 x 3
x 2 3x 2

2 x 4 x 3 14 x 2 19 x 6

2x 4 6 x 3 4 x 2

5 x 3 18 x 2 19 x
(5 x 3 15 x 2 10 x )
3x 2 9x 6
( 3 x 2 9 x 6)
.

P ( x ) 2 x 4 x 3 14 x 2 19 x 6

x 1x 2 2 x 2 5 x 3

x 1x 22 x 1x 3
c)

P( x ) 0

x 1x 22x 1x 3 0
x 1, 2 ,

1
, 3
2

4. The polynomial P(x)=ax3+bx2 -5x-4 is exactly divisible by (x+1) and when divided by (x-2),
a remainder of 18 is obtained.
a)
b)

Find the relationships between a and b. Hence show that a =3 and b=2.

4
is a zero of P(x), and find the polynomial H(x) such that
3
P(x)= (x+1)(3x-4) H(x).
Show that

SOLUTION :
a) P(x) is exactly divisible by (x+1) = (x+1) is a factor of P(x)
P(1) 0

a( 1)3 b( 1)2 5( 1) 4 0
ab54 0

a b 1 1

P(2) = 18 (remainder theorem)

a(2)3 b(2)2 5(2) 4 18
8a 4b 10 4 18
8a 4b 32
2a b 8 2

1 2 :

3a 9

a3

Substitute a=3 into (1) : 3-b=1

a 3 , b 2

b=3-1=2
b) P( x ) 3x 3 2x 2 5x 4
3

4
4
4
4
P 3 2 5 4
3
3
3
3
64 16 20
3 2
4
27 9 3
0

3 x 4 is a factor of P ( x ).
When 3 x 4 0 x

4
3

4
is a zero of P ( x ).
3

Let H( x ) ( px q )
P( x ) 3x 3 2x 2 5x 4 ( x 1)(3x 4)px q

Equating coefficient of x 3 :

3 1(3)(p) 3p 3 p 1

Equating coefficient of x 0 :

4 1(4)(q ) 4q 4 q 1

H( x ) ( x 1)