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Civil Engineering
Type
Specific Gravity
COARSE AGGREGATE
FINE AGGREGATE
Essentially, the mass of water required to make 1 m3 of mix is selected from Table 4 a or b
(depending on air entrainment requirements) using the desired range of slump and the
Nominal Maximum size of the coarse aggregate. The volume of water required is found by
dividing this mass by the density of water.
2.
Next the volume of air in 1 m3 of mix is selected from Table 4c using the air entrainment
requirements and Nominal Maximum size of the coarse aggregate.
3.
Then the mass of cement required is determined from the w/c ratio for the mix. The volume
of cement in 1 m3 of mix is then calculated by dividing this mass by the density of cement.
1
4.
Determine the volume of dry-rodded coarse aggregate required from Table 3 using the
Maximum Nominal Aggregate size and the fineness modulus of the fine aggregate.
5.
The SSD mass of coarse aggregate is calculated by multiplying the volume from step 4
by the dry-rodded density of the coarse aggregate. The SSD volume of coarse aggregate
is found by dividing this SSD mass by the SSD Density of the coarse aggregate.
6. At this point the volumes of water, air, cement and coarse aggregate required in 1 m3 of
mix are known. When these are added together and subtracted from 1 m3, the volume of
SSD fine aggregate required is found. This volume is then multiplied by the SSD density
of the fine aggregate to obtain the SSD mass of fine aggregate in 1 m3 of mix.
7. By totalling the masses of components in 1 m3 of mix, the fresh density of the mix can be
estimated. This is then used along with the batch mass required to proportion the SSD
batch masses.
8.
The masses that must be weighed out of the stock material can then be determined by
measuring the moisture content of the stock aggregates to be used and applying the
appropriate moisture corrections.
TABLE 3 Volume of Dry-Rodded Coarse Aggregate in 1 m3 of Concrete
(expanded by interpolation of Table 8-3, Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, 6th Ed, CPCA)
Maximum
Size (mm)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2.4
0.50
0.66
0.71
0.75
0.77
0.79
0.80
0.82
2.5
0.49
0.65
0.70
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.79
0.81
FINENESS MODULUS
2.6
2.7
2.8
0.48
0.47
0.46
0.64
0.63
0.62
0.69
0.68
0.67
0.73
0.72
0.71
0.75
0.74
0.73
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.80
0.79
0.78
2.9
0.45
0.61
0.66
0.70
0.72
0.74
0.75
0.77
3.0
0.44
0.60
0.65
0.69
0.71
0.73
0.74
0.76
(expanded by interpolation of Table 8-4, Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, 6th Ed, CPCA)
Slump
Range
(mm)
30 - 50
60 - 70
80 - 100
100 - 120
130 - 150
160 - 170
10
207
218
228
233
238
243
20
190
198
205
209
212
216
70
139
147
154
159
163
168
80
130
138
145
150
155
160
(expanded by interpolation of Table 8-4, Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, 6th Ed, CPCA)
Slump
Range
(mm)
30 - 50
60 - 70
80 - 100
100 - 120
130 - 150
160 - 170
10
181
192
202
207
211
216
20
168
176
184
188
193
197
80
122
128
133
140
147
154
(expanded by interpolation of Table 8-4, Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, 6th Ed, CPCA)
Concrete Type
10
Non-Air Entrained
Concrete
Mild
Exposure
AirModerate
Entrained
Exposure
Concrete
Extreme
Exposure
80
3.00%
2.00%
1.50%
1.00%
0.83%
0.65%
0.48%
0.30%
4.50%
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
2.25%
2.00%
1.75%
1.50%
6.00%
5.00%
4.75%
4.50%
4.25%
4.00%
3.75%
3.50%
7.50%
6.00%
5.75%
5.50%
5.25%
5.00%
4.75%
4.50%