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a) Title
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been
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b) Revision of the title is
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A
Postmodernist
Reading of Seduction
through Baudrillards
Simulacra Towards a
Concept of Ethics
Title is revised so as
to conform to the
recommendation
The whole thesis is
revised so as to
conform
to
the
recommendation
Done
Conform:
Jordan Averilla
Scribe
Gerry Bajaro
Chairman
A Thesis
Presented To The
College Of Arts, Sciences Education
Aquinas University of Legazpi
In Partial Fulfillment Of
The Requirements for the Degree Of
Bachelor of Arts, Major in Philosophy
By
DAN CHRISTIAN SABAO
Panel Members
This Thesis which is entitled, A Postmodernist Reading of Seduction
President
Member
Member
Testimony of Approval
This thesis is entitled, A Postmodernist Reading of Seduction through
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
Introduction
Since the dawn of man, Sex had been a part of its culture, social life
and lifestyle. Sex had undergone numerous criticisms from philosophical and
religious ideologies. It has also made what we see today in our postmodern world: It
basically populated the whole world, it affected the media and arts, it gave rise to
Birth Control and it changed how people interact with each other. What leads to sex?
Seduction enters the scene. In our history, women apply decorations to their body or
wear clothes that attract men which would lead eventually if it permits, to sex.
People now use tools in which they can seduce other people for sex. Not all of them
are aware that they seduce other people by the way they wear their clothes, take
their pictures, move, look or even talk. Women are generally the individuals who
seduce and on the other hand, men crave for sex. When someone sees or feels this
seduction, they are attracted and their sexual urges are stimulated. There are many
examples in which people are lead to sex; the present era doesnt see anymore the
sanctity of the subject as having been said by the traditional way. Marriage has been
modified so as to satisfy the urges of the human emotion: there are now homosexual
marriages, marriage between lesbian people or at worst, no marriage at all. Marriage
is not needed anymore because the concept of sex no longer revolves around the
conception of a family or love; it now revolves on the concept of desire to satisfy the
lust for sex only. They dont care if what they do is bad or good, the important thing
is that we are satisfied by the sexual stimulations that we feel.
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that it is the truth or reality. In other words, they are seduced by this new trend and
culture so as to believe that what they see as aesthetically alluring as good and true.
We are now in the postmodern era where traditional concepts are
snubbed due to the lack of interest on the conservative philosophy. The dawn of
technology and scientific discovery sparked a different lifestyle where people no
longer believe in the traditional ideas of the old; new ideas began to arise and new
principles come into existence. The people of this era simply dont care. The
postmodern world offers a wide range of scenarios which would show how principles
are made to affect how the people of the postmodern era interact in a world filled
with technology, social network, television, media and trends. Unlike in the past, this
interaction is affected by these concepts which change the perception of the people
of this era.
The postmodern period is filled with things that blur reality. People
generally accept what they see today as reality even if it is not really the true reality.
It affects the way they feel, understand and perceive things and situations in their
everyday lives. All things in this era are just representations of the true reality so as
to people of the postmodern are lead to believe that these representations are really
true. The mode of the postmodern alters the true essence of the thing represented
thus people are to think that it is the way it is. This condition of the era lead to a
conception of new principles towards what is good or bad thus would lead to
misleading principles that let people wander away from the real truth.
In this connection, we would like to see if these appearances we find in
the postmodern era affect the ethical concepts of todays culture and philosophy.
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pleasure, sex and the family, sex and money, sex and society and sex and morality.
It will show how sex operates today in the postmodern world and how it is used in
the present time. In this connection, the scope of this study is all about seduction,
sex, the postmodern concept of the simulacrum and most importantly, a conception
of a new ethical concept.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
a. The Postmodern Period
This is a period where postmodernism is relevant. Postmodernism is a
period of slackening. It is a period in which, in the modern, puts forward the
unpresentable in presentation itself . It would plainly mean that this world of
the postmodern is a period where all are representations of the true reality
and all we see are all just appearances; Simulacra, it is a term in which
Jean Paul Baudrillard calls a simulation. A simulation is a representation
of
a real object. It may exhibit an exact appearance with what it represents but
lacks the exact truth in what it represents.
b. Seduction
Seduction is a way to attract someone. Philosophically, it is that which
extracts meaning from discourse and detracts it from its truth. When
someone seduces, he or she uses appearances to attract someone for a
specific purpose. That appearance is not the true reality of the one who
seduces.
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c. Sex
Sex is a universal concept. It generally pertains to the reproductive
capabilities of human beings as conformed to its genitalia. Sex can mean
something like gender, sexual intercourse, human reproduction or biology.
d. Ethics
Ethics is the study of Morality. Ethics, sometimes known as
philosophical ethics, ethical theory, moral theory, and moral philosophy, is a
branch
of
philosophy
that
involves
systematizing,
defending
and
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other but all in the same goal, to do good as to bring good to the individual
who think it. Conception of ethical concept is relative to what the environment
gives to the individual. They say in the past that Ethical Concept is Universal
and cant be changed, well they are right about that because the goal or end
stays the same: bring and do well. The difference is that it indeed changes
without changing the end or goal which is the good. The concept of ethics in
the ancient world is different from the ethical concept of the medieval and the
modern because the people who live in that kind of environment experience
very different things on the different periods of thought.
It can be thus said that the postmodern concept of ethics is very
different on that of the past, we can say that it has changed relative on the
people that now live in this kind of environment but the goal has never
changed: to be good and have goodness. The problem here of today is the
fact that the postmodern have simulacrum and this simulacrum as we have
said and the authors have said is a period where the representations of reality
become reality itself and the perception of the good and bad interchanges, or
in other words meanings have changed: the good or the bad can no longer be
distinguished the old way because the models of simulacra has substituted it
with signs which make representations realities thus ethics becomes a
difficulty as to the goal is concerned, what is good and bad? In this kind of
problem where the individuals of this time live in an environment where
representations themselves become reality, it is the goal of this study to
arrange this different concepts in the postmodern perspective so as to bring
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and create a new kind of ethical concept in which the individuals of this time
would really like because of its relevance to their environment and it sure will
bring them good.
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Endnotes
Mark Poster, (2003). Jean Paul Baudrillard: Selected Writings. United
Kingdom:
Manchester University Press, p 167.
Jean Francois Lyotard, . The Postmodern Condition. Manchester University
Press. Appendix, p 1.
Mark Poster, (2003). Jean Paul Baudrillard: Selected Writings. United
Kingdom:
Manchester University Press, p 149.
http://www.iep.utm.edu/ethics
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CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
I.
a. Biography
Jean Paul Baudrillard was born in Reims, North Eastern France on
July 27 1929. His parents were Civil Servants.
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the society in order to communicate with each other and it differs from both to
face-to-face symbolic exchange and print
He developed the concept of the Hyper Real, in which all things are
just represented by signs and are just simulations of the real thing; but before
that, he was a Marxist as plainly shown in his writings. Gradually, he
abandoned Marxism and showed signs that go along Foucault and Derrida.
He spoke about that the new culture of the postmodern period has
provided the world with time-space distancing new form of communication;
that the old way of communicating with print and face-to-face conversation is
now at cease. The new technology of mass media and the television made
him think about the principle of film in which the things that are shown on film
are just simulations of what is real and are just appearances in case of
advertisements that want to sell their products by exploiting these
appearances for the people to believe and buy these products.
He said that this world is now on a culture where traditional
metaphysical assumptions cannot penetrate the new trends of the
postmodern. Instead of the old metaphysical assumptions, the postmodern
era is rooted on consumption where all the people of this time are just
concentrated on buying and selling things; they think that their lives are just
that way. He said that Consumption had become the chief basis of the social
order which would mean that for the social order to have order, the people
must embrace consumerism in order to give harmony to this order.
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and fashion; they made sex more pleasurable and seduction more exciting. In
connection with this, his philosophy makes us see these realities that are
concealed between these technological advancements. Advertisements
seduce us to buy their products and these advertisements have hyper real
characteristics. The Major relevance of his philosophy is that it is now
happening today in a major perspective and we, the people of this time are
the constituents of these realities; these appearances make us victims of
illusion that would lead to irrationality and contradiction to our Human Nature.
d. Concepts
His ideas revolved around his concepts of Hyper reality. This hyper
reality is a concept in which the world is filled only with self-referential
signs. He developed an idea on illusions which he called simulacra or in
plain language simulations. He argued that we lived in a world where we are
living in a world which things are just representation and simulations of the
true reality.
He also developed a philosophy on seduction in where he said that
Seduction is that which extracts meaning from discourse and detracts it from
its truth. It means that it represents someone or something and it blurs the
true reality of that someone or something. The seducer changes the way the
reality must look like to seduce someone into believing that the appearance or
representation that is seen is indeed the true reality.
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II.
On Seduction
This is a book written by Jean Paul Baudrillard to describe his concept
and ideology of seduction in the postmodern perspective. In this writing,
he distinguishes manifest discourse from latent discourse; manifest
discourse he says has the status of labored appearance which would
mean in other words a manifestation of the reality from its truth, while
latent discourse diverts manifest discourse not from its truth but towards
it. It said so that seduction is more like a manifest discourse in which from
the real truth, the thing manifests a labored appearance to represent the
reality of the truth of the real thing. Manifest discourse is the most
superficial aspect of discourse, which would act on the conscious or
unconscious to blur it and make traps of appearances. In connection with
this, seduction thus would mean, in the light of manifest discourse, a kind
of trap which uses appearances and charms to attract an individual to
believe and suppose that the thing is real and true. Seduction is not a kind
of interpretive discourse in which interpretative discourse wants to get
truth from the thing itself; interpretation has not seduced anyone because
it wanted the individual to understand the true reality of the thing itself not
in the way seduction acts itself on an individual because seduction does
not want to relay the truth but wants to get some truth from the thing itself
and modify the truth to get something different out of it. Seduction in its
goal to seduce even seduces itself to further absorb meaning and
empties itself of meaning to further fascinate others to believe in a truth
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(referential
being)
or
an
essential
thing
(substance).
Simulations are like models or dolls that can be reproduced and be made
many, these reproductions are further distributed to the individuals of the
postmodern era; it is like that there is a factory of simulacra that makes
these simulations and distributes it to the victims of their own ignorance.
The postmodern period is called the generation by models of a real
without origin or reality; it is like a map of a territory that does not really
show the truth of the real territory, a map that we can call a model of the
real place so as to this model shows the shape of the territory but does not
show the true pathways across the territory. It is obvious that a map drawn
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and presented like this is misleading. But it does not end here, a worse
contemplation of a simulacrum and its simulations is that it is no longer a
question of imitation, nor of reduplication nor of parody; it is rather
characterized by the substitutions of the signs of the real for the real
itself. This would mean that these models are not seen as
representations of the real, rather it is seen that this models is reality itself.
To show this model allegory in a situation, Baudrillard shows the
difference between feigning and simulation. Feigning means that you will
imitate or copy something whereas simulation means that you are
considered the real itself; he gives an example from Littre: an individual
who feigns that he is sick goes to bed and pretends that he is ill whereas
an individual who simulates that he is ill produces some of the symptoms
of the illness itself. Thus, it is very clear that feigning keeps the reality
principle intact where the difference to reality is that it is only masked.
Simulation threatens the difference between true and false, between real
and imaginary. Another example are the accused idolaters that
supposedly worship the images itself, not God; this idolaters or he calls
them iconolaters are more advanced, he says, because they refer to
images which in itself represent God whom they worship, a thing of the
postmodern. Another prominent example that he talks about is the famous
venue of Disneyland. We can observe that before Disneyland was
made, characters in the models of cartoon characters like Mickey mouse
and Donald duck was to be made first by the famous cartoonist, Walt
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IV.
There are nine seducer types in the world. Each type has a
particular character trait that comes from deep within and creates a
seductive pull. Sirens have an abundance of sexual energy and know
how to use it. Rakes insatiably adore the opposite sex, and their desire
is
themselves in mystery.
It can be said that his work was one of the kind because he
distinguishes the kinds of seducers and it is written in postmodern
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perspective.
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not only teaches you how to seduce and become a seducer so as to tell
and identify victims but it the book also seduces you to read it also! It can
be seen that this literature of the postmodern is really postmodern
because he writes in his bibliography the name of Jean Paul Baudrillard.
He also describes the kind of environment the seductive brings and how to
be soft in seduction so as to how to sell anything to the masses; it
portrays a very close account of Jean Paul Baudrillards factory of models
wherein you use seduction so that the masses would believe in you and
eventually be seduced in a very superficial for of reality.
V.
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is time to rest and slow down for a bit and think: I am now a master of
puppets, now it is time to rest or slacken; this can be seen as why Lyotard
has described it as a period of slackening because people of the
postmodern are masters of their tools and the tools are working for them
now, so it is time to rest for a while and slow down. The postmodern is not
the modern anymore because it is said that postmodernism thus
understood is not modernism at its end but in the nascent state and this
state is constant. Modernism is the time where people are more
indulged in the arts in time of grandiosity and reform, it is the time where
the inventions and innovations are arranged and assigned to its respective
uses so as to give them the jobs that men have done in the past. It is
constant because post modernity does not end what the modern has
brought about because post modernity does not cease to make
innovations and inventions that make life easier at its best, it is nascent
because it is only the beginning of something new: The postmodern is the
beginning of slackening where the modern concept is not removed but
modified so as to have lead into the creation of tools more human-like and
more real than ever, the creation of models that exchange reality for it so
that the people of this time are made to believe that it is the true reality.
The past fantasies must be seized and be made reality so as to he having
written the answer thus:
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This waging of war on totality is the war against reality and we are
witnesses of this or rather we are now witnessing a kind of situation where
we see the unpresentable meaning the presentation of non-reality; the
differences are now in jumble mode and this differences are now
activated, a confusion of false and true so as to save the honor of the
name of, Postmodernity.
30
Endnotes
Mark Poster, (2003). Jean Paul Baudrillard: Selected Writings. United Kingdom:
Manchester University Press, p 6.
Ibid. p. 148
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid. p 149
Ibid. p. 150
Mark Poster, (2003). Jean Paul Baudrillard: Selected Writings. United Kingdom:
Manchester University Press, p 159. An excerpt from Soren Kierkegaards Diary of
the Seducer as mentioned by Jean Paul Baudrillard in his book On Seduction.
Mark Poster, (2003). Jean Paul Baudrillard: Selected Writings. United Kingdom:
Manchester University Press, p 166
Ibid.
Ibid, p. 167.
Ibid. p. 168.
Ibid. p. 171.
Ibid. p. 178.
Mark Poster, (2003). Jean Paul Baudrillard: Selected Writings. Strategy of the
Real. United Kingdom: Manchester University Press, p 182.
Robert Green, (2001). The Art of Seduction. Penguin group USA
Ibid. p. 3
Ibid p. 150-160
Ibid. p. 169-417
Ibid. Appendix
Ibid. Appendix
Jean Francois Lyotard, (1984). The postmodern condition: A report on knowledge.
United Kingdom: Manchester University, p. 71. Appendix translated by Regis
Durand.
Ibid. p. 79.
Ibid. p. 82.
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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
THE POSTMODERN
Simulacra
Seduction
Concept
Of
Ethics
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Chapter 3
Methodology
The first agenda of this study is to present the concept of seduction in
todays postmodernist setting. To present this concept, I have to expose and open
the idea of postmodernism so as to pick up the concepts of sex and seduction to
thoroughly study the concept which would lead to my own ideology of how seduction
affects the people of this time in which it is now, postmodern. . It will make a
blueprint of todays postmodern condition by looking on the raw evidences of todays
modern culture and ideologies. The second agenda of this study is to present the
concept of simulacrum which is Jean Paul Baudrillards concept. The study would
show on how this concept affects how seduction behaves in the postmodernist
setting. Using his concept of the simulacrum and after understanding its true aim
and meaning, it is very relevant to see it in the perspective to what is happening
today in the postmodern period. The third and most important agenda is how, on
these presentations of these two concepts, we can arrive on a new concept of
ethics. The presentations of the concepts are not just in the light of the related
literature but by these related literature and studies, I will be inspired to present a
new ideology in which I would arrive on a new concept of ethics so as to apply this
new concept on the postmodern condition to give betterment to the present ethical
situation of the time. Thus, simply the method of this study is first to present and
understand; out of this presentation and understanding create a new concept to
apply it to the specific concept aforementioned.
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