MANUFACTURED

SUBSTANCES IN INDUSTRY

9.2 AMMONIA AND ITS SALTS

Fertilisers
Cooling
agent in
refrigerators

Remove
grease

Synthetic
fibres(nylon
)

The uses
of
ammonia
in daily
life

Electrolyte in
dry cells

Manufactu
red nitric
acid in
Ostwald
process

Explosive
Prevent the
coagulation
of latex

The properties of Ammoni

Colourless

and pungent smell

Less dense than air
Alkaline gas (Ammonia solution pH 10)
Dissolve in water. Ex:
+ +

Manufacture of Ammonia
Prepared

from nitrogen gas and

hydrogen gas in Haber Process.
Nitrogen gas obtain from fractional
distillation of liquid air.
Hydrogen gas is obtained from 2
methods:
a) Reaction between steam and heated coke (carbon)
b) reaction between steam and natural gas (Methane)

Haber
Process
Ratio

of nitrogen gas to hydrogen gas is

1:3
Gas mixture is passed through powdered
iron which acts as a catalyst at
450C-550C.
Gas mixture produced 17% ammonia gas
and cooled down as liquid
Unreacted gases is pump back into the
catalytic column to be reacted again.