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Modeling and Real-Time Simulation of A Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Driven by A Wind Turbine
Modeling and Real-Time Simulation of A Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Driven by A Wind Turbine
I. INTRODUCTION
Turbine
AC/DC/AC converter
Cgrid
Crotor
AC
AC
DC
Qs
Ps
AC
Tm r
Rotor
Wind
Drive
train
Stator
Induction
Generator
Crotor
DC
Cgrid
Rotor
Vr
Vgc
Control
Three-phase
Grid
Pm
Stator
Pr
Pgc
Qr
Qgc
Induction
Generator
Pitch angle
Fig. 1. The wind turbine and the doubly-fed induction generator system
Pm = Tm r
P s = T em s
(1)
(2)
d r
= T m T em
(3)
dt
In steady-state at fixed speed for a lossless generator
(4)
T m = T em and P m = P s + P r
It follows that:
P r = P m P s = T m r T em s = sP s
Three-phase
Grid
AC
Tem s
(5)
Pm
Ps, Qs
Pr, Qr
Pgc, Qgc
Tm
Tem
Rotational speed of the magnetic flux in the airgap of the generator. This synchronous speed is
proportional to the frequency of the grid
voltage and to the number of generator poles.
1.6
Is
16.2 m/s
1.4
1.2
Igc
Vdc
Rotor
0.8
12 m/s
Induction Stator
Generator
0.6
0.4
Vr
Vgc
0.2
0
Cgrid
Crotor
Ir
B
5 m/s
0.6
A
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
Turbine speed (pu of generator synchronous speed)
1.3
Vac
V_meas
_+
_
Idr_ref
PI
_+
Droop Vxs
Idr
Ir
PI
I_meas
Iqr
Pref
V
P
I
P_meas
r
Pl
Is & Ir P_losses
Igc
Vr
Vdr
Vqr
_
+
_+
_
PI
Iqr_ref
b) rotor-side controller
Vdc_ref
Vdc
_+
Idgc_ref
PI
Idgc _ +
Igc
PI
I_meas
Iqgc
Vgc
_
+
Iq_ref = 0
c) grid-side controller
Fig. 4. Rotor-side and grid-side converters and control systems
V
Slope Xs
-Imax
Capacitive
Vref
Reactive
Current
Imax
I
Inductive
3650 MW
3000 MW
680 MW
544 MW
3650 MW
3650 MW
230 MW
3650 MW
Fig. 6. Hypersim diagram of the power system with three 750-MW wind farms
Fig. 7. Three-phase voltage at bus bar SW7_4 and A-phase voltage and current
of the North-East Wind Farm
VI. REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
R. Pena, J.C. Clare, G.M. Asher, Doubly fed induction generator using
back-to-back PWM converters and its application to variable-speed windenergy generation, IEE Proc.-Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 143, No. 3, May
1996
Vladislav Akhmatov, Variable-Speed Wind Turbines with Doubly-Fed
Induction Generators, Part I: Modelling in Dynamic Simulation Tools,
Wind Engineering Volume 26, No. 2, 2002
Nicholas W. Miller, Juan J. Sanchez-Gasca, William W. Price, Robert W.
Delmerico, DYNAMIC MODELING OF GE 1.5 AND 3.6 MW WIND
TURBINE-GENERATORS FOR STABILITY SIMULATIONS, GE
Power Systems Energy Consulting, IEEE WTG Modeling Panel, Session
July 2003
V.Q. Do, J.-C. Soumagne, G. Sybille, G. Turmel, P. Giroux, G. Cloutier,
S. Poulin, "HYPERSIM, An Integrated Real-Time Simulator for Power
Networks and Control Systems", Proceedings of the ICDS Conference 99,
May 1999.
The MathWorks, "SimPowerSystems For Use with Simulink", Users
Guide Version 4
G. Sybille, P. Giroux, "Digital Simulation of FACTS and Custom-Power
Controllers", IEEE PES Winter Meeting, New-York, January 2002
S. Casoria, J. Mahseredjian, R. Roussel, J. Beaudry, G. Sybille, "A
Portable and Unified Approach to Control System Simulation", IPST
2001 International Conference on Power System Transients, pp. 710-715,
Rio de Janeiro, June 2001
VII. BIOGRAPHIES
Richard Gagnon was born in Qubec, Canada in 1966. He obtained his B.Sc.
degree in physics engineering in 1990, his M.Sc. degree in electrical
engineering in 1992 and his Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering in 1997, all
from Universit Laval (Qubec). Since 2001, he is with the Laboratoire
Simulation de rseaux of Institut de Recherche dHydro-Qubec as a research
engineer. His area of professional interests includes modeling and simulation of
power system devices and wind turbines. He is a beta tester and developer of
several
SimPowerSystems
blocks,
demos,
and
documentation.
SimPowerSystems is jointly developed by The Mathworks and Hydro-Qubec.
Gilbert Sybille obtained his electrical engineering degree in France in 1970 and
his M.Sc. from Universit Laval (Qubec) in 1978. In 1978 he joined the
Silvano Casoria was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1953. He received the B.Ing. and
M.Sc.A degrees in Electrical Engineering from cole Polytechnique de
Montral in 1977 and 1981 respectively. Since 1981, he is with Institut de
recherche (IREQ) at Hydro-Qubec as a research engineer in the Laboratoire
Simulation de rseaux. From 1988 to 1989, he was a trainee at ASEA Brown
Boveri (ABB) plant in Ludvika, Sweden. During this period, he developed
software subsystems implemented in the control and protection system for the
Qubec-New England HVDC multi-terminal transmission system. His area of
professional interests include simulation and study of FACTS and HVDC
transmission and control systems, model development in transient analysis
programs like EMTP-RV, EMTDC, HYPERSIM, MATLAB, SPS.
Christian Larose received his B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering in 1995
and M.Sc. degree in 1998, both from cole de Technologie Suprieure (TS).
He joined Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Qubec (IREQ) in 1996 as a
development engineer in the Power System Simulation Laboratory. His main
interest is in the numerical real-time simulation of power systems.