Standard Method of Test for Ductility of Bituminous Materials AASHTO Designation: T 51-00 ASTM Designation: D 113-99 AASHTO T 51-00 is identical to ASTM D 113-99 except for the following provisions: 1, Al references to the ASTM standards contained in ASTM D 113-99, listed in the following table, shall be replaced with the corresponding AASHTO standard. Referenced Standards ASTM "AASHTO Ds 149 pins 1179 base 720 Et M92 2. Replace the second sentence in Section 4.2 of ASTM D 113-99 with the following: “The volume of water shall be not less than 10 L. The depth of water shall be not less than 50 mm and such that the mold can be immersed to a depth of 25 mm. The water in the bath shalt be substantially free from oil and slime or other organic growth.” 3. Add the following sentence to Section 4.4 (1999) of ASTM D 113-99. “The thermometer should be calibrated by the Method of Verification and Calibration of Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers (ASTM Designation: E 77).” 4. The folowing sentence in Section 5.1 of ASTM D 113-99 i nt included in AASHTO 51-00, “Strain the melted sample through a 300-um sieve conforming to Specification E 11." 5. Add the following Note after Section 5.1 of ASTM D 113-99. Note—Mixtures of glycerine and dextrine or tale (3 g glycerine to about 5 g dextrine or tale has been used satisfactorily), Dow-Corning Silicone Stop-Cock Grease, or a mixture of castor oil and Versamid 900 (100:1 mixture by weight heated to 204 to 232°C (400 to 450°F) and stirred until homogeneous) have been proven suitable. Other release agents may be used provided results obtained are comparable to those obtained when using one of the above. TS-2b T5141 AASHTOap Designation: D 113-99 Mig SOOTY FOR TESTE HO MATERA rv om a ort acd ASR Sara OO AST ‘Standard Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials’ “This saan ic nna der he Sed degen 0 13; he wre ation flowing te engin indice et of Crit egies A aren pate nian yn ofa apron ‘Spence cplon (nono cama Ce nce It eo apo 1. Scope 1.1 The ductility of s bituminous material is measured by the distance to which it wil elongate before breaking when two ‘ends of briquet specimen of the mutcrial, of the form ‘eseribed in Section 4, are pulled apart ata specified speed and at specified temperature. Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be made at a temperature of 25 + 0.5°C and witha speed ‘of 5 cavmin * 5.0%. At other temperatures the speed should be specified. 12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safery concerns, if any, associated with its use. It it the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Driate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to ute. 2, Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: (C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements {Tor Test Methods for Construction Materials? DS Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials? D17S4 Test Method for Efects of Heat and Air on Asphal- ‘tic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)? 2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving. Fila of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)? 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers* 1 Spee fr We Cat Sees fr Tig Po 3. Sipiicance and Use 3.1 This test method provides one measure of tensile prop- certes of bituminous materials and may be used to measure ductility for specification requirements. 4. Apparatas 4.1 Mold—The mold shall be similar in design to that ‘shown in Fig. 1. The mold shall be made of brass, the ends b ‘and b being known as clips, andthe parts a and a’ as sides of att met it at he erin of ASTM Commie Do co Roa sed Povay Mamie sad he ie pony of Sabon DOL A oe ro Raetope “Crt ison tpoved Jan 10, 1997, Pbubed May 199. Ciginaly puled @DIS-20T Laat poo eon DI13-BAI9D. "fant Bok of ASTM Sear O42. anal Boot of AST Sardar el O43. ‘fanaa ant of ASTM Senda Yl 1403. aa aot of ASTH Senda, el 142 the mold. The dimensions of the assembled mold shall be as shown in Fig. 1 with the permissible variations indicated. “42 Water Bath—The water bath shall be maintained at the specified test temperature, varying not more than 0.18°F (0.1°C) from this temperature. The volume of water shall be ‘ot fess than 10 L, and the specimen shall be immersed 10 ‘depth of not less than 10 cm and shall be supported on 3 shelf not lesa than 5 cm from the bottom of the bath. ‘4.3 Testing Machine— Foe pulling the briquet of bituminous, smaterial apart, any apparatus may be used which is so ‘constructed thatthe specimen will be continuously immersed in water as specified in 5.3, while the two clips are pulled apart ‘1 uniform speed, 23 specified, without undue vibration. 44 Thermometer— A thermometer having a range as shown below and conforming to the requirements prescribed in Specification E 1 (Note 1). AST Tecmo Ho. “Sears = [Nore 1—to thos cases wher the dilly specimens are aged in tbe staan peneration bath at 25°C, he rman pesrbed ft Test Metaod D Senay be subwtiated in place ofthe above, 5, Procedure 45.1. Assemble the mold on a brass plate. Thoroughly coat the surface of the plate and interior surfaces of the sides a and a’, Fig. 1, of the mold with «thin layer of a mixture of glycerin and dextrin, tale, oc kaolin (china clay) to prevent the mamerial under test from sticking. The plate upon which the mold is placed shall be perfectly flat and level so that the bottom surface of the mold will be in contact throughout. Carefully beat the sample to prevent local overheating until it has become sufficiently Suid to pour. Strain the melted sample through 3 300qum sieve conforming to Specification E 11, After a thor- ‘ough stirring, pour it into the mold. In filling the mold. take ‘care not to disarrange the parts and thus distort the briquet. In filling, pour the material in thin stream back and forth from ‘end t0 end of the mold until the mold is more than level full. Let the mold containing the material cool to room temperature {for a period of from 30 to 40 min and then place it in the water ‘bath maintained atthe specified temperate of test for 30 mim; then cut off the excess bitumen with a hot straghtedged putty {anife or spanula to make the mold just level full. ‘8.2 Keeping Specimen at Standard Temperature—Place the brass plate and mold, with briquet specimen, in the waterbath tnd keep at the specified temperature for a period of from 85 10 95 min, Then remove the briquet from the plate, detach the TS-2b T512 ‘AASHTOFIG. 1 Mold for Ductity Tet Specimen side picces, and immediately test the briquet, ‘53 Testing—Atuach tbe rings at each end of the clips to the ‘ins or hooks in the testing machine and pull the two clipe apart ‘at a uniform speed as specified until the briquet ruptures. A ‘Yaviation of +5 % from the speed specified will be perminsible. ‘Measure the distance in centimetres through which the clips hhave been pulled to produce rupture. While the tet is being ‘made, the water in the tank of the testing machine shall cover the specimen both above and below it by at least 2.5 em and shall be kept continuously atthe temperature specified within asec. 6 Report 6.1 A normal test is one in which the material between the ‘wo clips puis out to a point or thread until rupture occurs at the point where the thread has practically no cross-tectional ‘area. Report the average of three normal tests as the ductility of, the sample. 62 If the binminous material comes in contact with the surface of the water or the bottom ofthe bath, the test shall not ‘be considered normal. Adjust the specific gravity ofthe bath by the addition of either methyl alcobol or sodium chloride so that the bituminous material nether comes to the surface of the ‘water, nor touches the botiom of the bath at any time during the test. 6.3 fa normal tcat is not obtainable om tree tests, report the ‘ductility as being unobiainable under the conditions ofthe test. 7. Precision 7.1 Criteria for judging the acceptability of ductility test results at 25°C obtained by this est method are shown in Fig. 2 Now 2—The procision siaternent for duct, a resem in Fig. 2, ‘ated on tea performed ca asphalt cements. The precision of texts 0a residue, soc 15 thote obtaloal by Test Methods D 1754 aad D 2472. ‘nave aot boen exablisbed. ‘Nome 3—The numbers plied in Fig. 2 represen the (1S) and (025) limits for tingle operator precision And malilaboriory preckion os Nora 4 —tasticieat data ac available to properly dete precision a ISS°C. However, analysis of data resulting foe tents by 13 laborserer ‘on one ast for which the average Gust text result was 4S cm hows 1 molt-aboruery precision (025) of 23 em, & Keywords 8.1 ductility: ductility mold; ductilometer TS-2b TS1-3 ‘AASHTOBs 838 ACCEPTABLE RANGE of 2 RESULTS 18 The Anacan Sch tT and Mars has poe pect te way ypu fe evar cornet, tery hon mesa bu fon etd. nr of Br earcaré ee pray sched at Geno om ay ay (Fao rd tao Weta a fn, ery De On eae “Tsar mw on try by freeze wri canon wd mb ened eva, ees a sone Cin leronedereacoeeh, or tartnat oe ed ia rota of sata 0 Sa aoa (Trl ccott te earonnd Bw ASTh Hectgtn Vor carer (oe cart orto at a seat of re regaratie (Tiosza cereus ete ps ty een fy ot Bat our camara hve ot cated wt Bang YoU SDR ma ar Seve mo Be AS Mon Circ, 100 Bar ater Ds, Wes! Coratoncian PA TOE TS-2b 751 ‘AASHTO,Designation: D 113-99 ay Standard Test Method for Avevean Associaton Stata ghey and Tansporaton Of Standard AASHTO No. TS! Ductility of Bituminous Materials' “This standard is issued under the Gxed designation D 113; the sumber immediately following the designation indicates the year of cxginal adoption or inthe case of revision, the year of las revision. ‘A.number in parentheses indicates the year of last eapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an etrial change since the las revision or reapproval ‘This standard has been approved for use by agencies ofthe Deparment of Defense. 1. Scope 1.1 The ductility of a bituminous material is measured by the distance to which it will elongate before breaking when two ends of a briquet specimen of the material, of the form described in Section 4, are pulled apart at a specified speed and at a specified temperature. Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be made at a temperature of 25 + 0.5°C and with a speed of 5 cm/min + 5.0 %. At other temperatures the speed should be specified. 12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Metbods for Construction Materials? D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials* D 1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphal- tic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)* D 2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)” E11 Specification for ASTM Thermometers E11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur- poses 3. Significance and Use 3.1 This test method provides one measure of tensile prop- erties of bituminous materials and may be used to measure ductility for specification requirements. "This test method is mder the jurisdiction of ASTM Commitee D-4 on Read sod Paving Materials and is the direct responsbility of Subcommitee DO4.¢4 oa Rheological Tes. Curent edition: approved Jan. 10, 1999, Published May 1999. Originally published as D113.~21T. Last previous edition D 113 ~ 86(1992) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03. “Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. * Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02 4. Apparatus 4.1 Mold—The mold shall be similar in design to that shown in Fig. 1. The mold shall be made of brass, the ends 6 and 6' being known as clips, and the parts a and a’ as sides of the mold. The dimensions of the assembled mold shall be as shown in Fig. 1 with the permissible variations indicated. 4.2. Water Bath—The water bath shall be maintained at the specified test temperature, varying not more than 0.18°F (0.1°C) from this temperature. The volume of water shall be not less than 10 L, and the specimen shall be immersed to a depth of not Jess than 10 cm and shall be supported on a perforated shelf not less than 5 cm from the bottom of the bath. 43 Testing Machine—For pulling the briquet of bituminous ‘material apart, any apparatus may be used which is. so ‘constructed that the specimen will be continuously immersed in water as specified in 5.3, while the two clips are pulled apart at a uniform speed, as specified, without undue vibration. 44 Thermometer— A thermometer Baving a range as shown below and conforming to the requirements prescribed in Specification E 1 (Note 1). ‘Tererature nga ASTM Thermometer No. “ew are ‘exc ‘Nove 1—In those cases where the ductility specimens are aged in the standard penetration bath at 25°C, the thermometer as prescribed for Test Method D 5 may be substituted in place ofthe above. 5, Procedure 5.1. Assemble the mold on a brass plate. Thoroughly coat the surface of the plate and interior surfaces of the sides @ and a’, Fig. 1, of the mold with a thin layer of a mixture of glycerin and dextrin, talc, or Kaolin (china clay) to prevent the material under test from sticking. The plate upon which the mold is placed shall be perfectly flat and level so that the bottom surface of the mold will be in contact throughout. Carefully heat the sample to prevent local overheating until it has become sufficiently fluid to pour. Strain the melted sample through a 300-um sieve conforming to Specification E 11. After a thor- ough stirring, pour it into the mold. In filling the mold, take care not to disarrange the parts and thus distort the briquet. In filling, pour the material in a thin stream back and forth from end to end of the mold until the mold is more than level full. Let the mold containing the material cool to room temperature \Copygtt © ASTM sata, {00 Bar Harbor Die, PO Box C700, Weal Consbhacan, PA 10428 2958, Untad Ste, 2s‘A-istance betwoan contors, 1115 to 1135 mm. B—Total length of baquet, 745 1975.5 mem Fie at minimum cross section, 8.99 10.1 mm. (GW at mouth of ep, 19.8 19 20.2 me. He Distance between cortors of rai, 42.9 to 43.1 mem. Hole dametor, 65 10 87 mm. JThickness, 9.910 10.1 mm. FIG. 1 Mold for Ductitty Test Specimen {for a period of from 30 to 40 min and then place it in the water ‘bath maintained at the specified temperature of test for 30 min; then cut ofthe excess binunen with a hot staightedged putty knife or spatula to make the mold just level full. 52 Keeping Specimen at Standard Temperature—Place the brass plate and mold, with briquet specimen, in the water bath and keep at the specified temperature for a period of from 85 to 95 min. Then remove the briquet from the plate, detach the side pieces, and immediately test the briquet. 5.3 Testing—Autach the rings at each end of the clips to the pins or hooks in the testing machine and pull the two clips apart at a uniform speed as specified until the briquet ruptures. A variation of £5 % from the speed specified will be permissible. ‘Measure the distance in centimetres through which the clips have been pulled to produce rupture. While the test is being made, the water in the tank of the testing machine shall cover the specimen both above and below it by at least 2.5 cm and shall be kept continuously at the temperature specified within 05°C. 6. Report 6.1 A normal test is one in which the material between the two clips pulls out to a point or thread until rupture occurs at the point where the thread has practically no cross-sectional area, Report the average of three normal tests as the ductility of, the ‘sample. : 6.2 If the bituminous material comes in contact with the surface of the water or the bottom of the bath, the test shall not bbe considered normal. Adjust the specific’ gravity of the baih by the addition of either methyl alcohol or sodium chloride so that the bituminous material neither comes to the surface of the ‘water, nor touches the bottom of the bath at any time during the test. 63 If anormal testis not obtainable on three tests, report the ductility as being unobtainable under the conditions of the test. 7. Precision 7.1 Criteria for judging the acceptability of ductility test results at 25°C obtained by this test method are shown in Fig. 2 Nore 2—The precision statement for ductility, as presented in Fig. 2, is based on tests performed on asphalt cements. The precision of tests on residues, such as those obtained by Test Methods D 1754 and D2872, have not been established. Nore 3—The numbers plotted in Fig. 2 represent the (1S) and (D2S) limits for single operator precision and multilaboratory precision asGy 0113-99 v00| 70 ‘0 i-Laberatery (025) 20) ‘Seale Operator 025) 20] I -Leborotory (LS) 19) Single Operotee(.s} ond ACCEPTABLE RANGE of 2 RESULTS g 3010 1 20 7635 30 DUCTILIT Kem FIG. 2 Praciston Data described in Practice C670. 8. Keywords [Nove 4Incuficient data are available to propety define precision at 156°C. However, analysis of data resulting foe teas by 13 laboratories ‘on one asphalt for which the average ductility test result was 45 em shows ‘ mul-lboratory precision (2S) of 23 cm. 8.1 ductility; ductility mold; ductilometer ASTM lteradonal aks no poston raspactng te val of ary patent rights sari i connection wah any hem mantoned sn i sear User ccd ren wd Pat ert PY at A an ak of htngement ofeach rt, wr eke Bt own report, ‘Thi tara le sutjct to revon a any tne bythe responabletetnical commie and mac be rvewed ever fhe yore and ‘Nrct revised, eer reapprovedorwibcratn. Your conenant are wed ota fr revson Of fie eter ort ackional carers {nd shexki be aceessod w ASTM raaratoral Haacquanrs. Your ceteris wil recov careht Cneiieraicn 8 tect oe ‘response tcinical corning, whch You ay atin you fol tat yur coments have tact a fa baarhg You sha ‘maka your vows known fo fw ASTM Commie on Sadar, ate adkfocs shows baw. hie tended is copyrited by ASTM iteration 100 Bar Haber Dobe, PO Box C700, Wet Cantchockan, PA 10428-2068, Unt Sates. vial rapes (ge af multe copies) of is Standard may be cBtaed by conicing AST att above ‘aaiess OF i S1O-8IZ-9505 (hore), SIOSIZBEES (tN), or sardoaOastriery (email: O° Pru the ASTM wabate (rma ong a