1G ase THE UNIVERSITY OF TRINIDAD & TOBAGO, FINAL ASSESSMENT/EXAMINATIONS APRIL/MAY 2014 Course Code and Title: PLNT 2004 Plant Technology Il Programme: National Engineering Technician Diploma, Mechanical Engineering, Date and Time: Tuesday 29" April, 2014 9am-i2noon Duration: 3 hours PLEASE READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU BEGIN. THIS EXAMINATION Instructions to Candidates 1. This paper has Spages and 5 questions. 2. You are requised to answer any all questions. Key Exar Protoco} 1. Students please note that academic dishonesty (or cheating) includes but is not limited to plagiarism, collusion, falsification, replication, taking unauthorised notes or devices into an examination, obtaining an unauthorised copy of the examination paper, communicating or trying to communicate with another candidate during the examination, and being a party to impersonation in relation to an examination, 2. The above mentioned and any other actions which compromise the integrity of the academic evaluation process will be fully investigated and addressed in accordance with UTT's academic regulations 3. Please be reminded that speaking without the Invigilator’s permission is NOT allowed. (© The University of Trinidad & Tobago April/May 2014 Final Examinations (PLNT 2004) Page 1 of S1. In an ideal Diesel cycle the pressure and temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic compression are 98.$ KN/m? and 60°C, respectively. The maximum pressure attained during the cycle is 4.5MN/m? and the heat received during the cycle is 580 kI/kg gas. Determine for the cycle ) The volume ratio of compression 'b) The temperature at the end of compression ©) The temperature at the end of heat reception 4) The temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion ©) The net work done per kg of gas 1) The thermal efficiency Not: y=14 004 kWkgK cy =O.717kKikgK R= 0.287 K/kg, (20) 2. A process requires a gas compressor to deliver 3.2 m‘/min of compressed gas at a pressure of 500 kPa. The polytropic index of the gas is 1.3 and the clearance volume is 4.8 x 10° m’, 2) Sketch the P-v diagram and label all processes, 21 If the intake pressure is 100 kPa and the compressor operates at 450 rpm, determine the: b) volumetric efficiency (8) ©) power required to drive the compressor 4] 4) compressor speed required if the process requires 0,8 m°/min of compressed gas at a pressure of 650 kPa (6) ‘© The University of Trinidad & Tobago April/May 2014 Final Examinations (PLN'T 2004) Page 2 0f 53, A vapor compression refrigerator using Freon-22 operates between the pressure limits of 482 kPa and 1000 kPa, The reftigerant enters the compressor as a dry saturated gas and leaves the condenser coils 15% dry after which it enters the evaporator through a throttle. The compressor speed is 10 revolutions per second. 2) Sketch a T-s and P-h diagram for the refrigeration process and relate each state point toa schematic of a refrigerator. BI b) How can the cooling capacity of the refrigerator be increased? 3] Determine the: ©) coefficient of performance of the reftigerator a ) mass flow rate of the refrigerant in kp/s if the effective swept volume of the compressor is 3.3 x 10% m? {5] €) rate at which heat is transferred from the room in kl/s 2 Properties of Saturated Freon-22 Pressure | Temperature ee by | hy Ss: S, (kPa) (cy (mre) _ | CSB) | Cg) | O6Hkg.K) | (Ik K) 482 ai 0.0486 198.8 [404.7 | 0.996 1,752 1000 23.42 0.0236, 228 | 412.6 | 1.098 1.719 Properties of Superheated Freon-22 at a Pressure of 1000 kPa Temperature Sree Volume oo oe 25 0.0239 414 1724 _| 30 0.0346 418.2 L738 35 0.0253 4223 1,752, 40 0.0260 [4264 I:7esaeaeae 45 0.0267 430.5 17787 30 [0.0273 434.5 __[1.790 © The University of Trinidad & Tobago ‘ApriMiay 2014 Final Examinations (PLNT 2004) Page 3 of 54, a) Calculate the stoichiometric air to fuel ratio in the combustion of butane CaHio. [5] b) When octane gas (CsHia) is burned with excess air, the dry products are found to contain 5% Op by volume. Caleulate the volume of excess air supplied and the percentage of excess air supplied 15) 5. a) Ina test on atwo stroke oil engine the following data were obtained: Oil consumption 4 kg/h Oil calorific value 45000kI/kg Brake torque 280Nm Indicated Mean effective pressure 175 KNim? Cylinder bore 0.3m Cylinder stroke 0.3m. Speed Stevis Calculate: i. Mechanical efficiency ii, Indicated thermal efficiency iii, Brake thermal efficiency b) The jacket water surrounding the cylinder is air cooled via @ heat exchanger (radiator). The air flows at 2 kg/s entering at 25°C and exiting at 40°C. The water flows in parallel to the air flow at 0.5 kg/s and 60°C. Calculate the required pipe diameter for 12m long heat exchanger tubes, The specific heat capacities of air and water are 1.009kJ/kgK and 4.18kJ/kg K respectively. The surface heat transfer coefficients for air and water are 500Wén"K and 1800 Wim°K respectively. END OF PAPER © The University of Trinidad & Tobago ‘April/May 2014 Final Examinations (PLNT 2004) Page 4 of S“=a root (ueyow Far <4 Gan ae 4 Ca- ‘Dyw ovegerpy (utyou Ta Wa We (ecenpow aidauhog ‘@ ee a (2 hnaa ms alae ad ewseyos, (uzyrou (Daw (tatale (uziyfow 2189051 (uetuour (4zuyou ele A8U09, oH hed ‘Bse00Id