ECR255

Slide 1

ECR255
Parallel AC Circuits

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Seneca College School of Information and Communications Technology

G VandeBelt 112

ECR255
Slide 2

Find the Elements

Consider an unknown circuit in a box connected as shown

If total power P = 4 W with a leading power factor, what is

the simplest possible parallel circuit in the box if the
frequency is 1 kHz?

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Seneca College School of Information and Communications Technology

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ECR255
Slide 3

Find the Elements

P = 4 W leading - capacitive
f = 1 kHz
P = E I cos
cos = P / E I = 4 W / 40 V x 150 mA = 0.6667
= 48.19o current leads voltage
I = 150 mA /48.19o
YT = I / E = 150 mA /48.19o / 40 V /0o = 3.75 mS /48.19o
= 2.50 mS + j 2.795 mS
= 1/ R + Gx + j Bx
Gx = 2.50 mS - 1.0 mS = 1.50 mS

Rx = 667

Bx = 2.795 mS = 2 f Cx
Cx = Bx / 2 f = 2.795 mS / 2 x 103 = 445 nF

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Seneca College School of Information and Communications Technology

G VandeBelt 112

ECR255
Slide 4

Current Divider Rule

The basic format for the current divider rule in
ac circuits is exactly the same as that for dc
circuits; that is, for two parallel branches with
impedances Z1 and Z2 :

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Seneca College School of Information and Communications Technology

G VandeBelt 112

ECR255
Slide 5

Example
Calculate the currents I1 I2 in phasor form using the current
divider rule
/0o

ZR = 22
ZL = (XL1 + XL2) /90o = 80 /90o
ZR + ZL = 22 + j 80
ZR + ZL = 82.97 /74.62o

o
I = 20 A /40
I1

I2

XL1

60

22

XL2
20

I1 = I ZL / (ZR + ZL )
I1 = 20 A /40o x 80 /90o / 82.97 /74.62o = 19.3 A /55.38o
I2 = I ZR / (ZR + ZL )
I3 = 20 A /40o x 22 /0o / 82.97 /74.62o = 5.30 A /34.62o
5

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Seneca College School of Information and Communications Technology

G VandeBelt 112

ECR255
Slide 6

Examples
R
is
3 sin(377t+60 o)

XL
1.2

XC
5

For the circuit

a)
Find the total admittance in polar form
b)
Draw the admittance diagram
c)
Calculate the capacitance and inductance of the devices
d)
Find voltage E and currents IR IC IL in polar form
e)
Draw phasor diagram of IS IR IC IL and E
f)
Verify Kirchhoffs current law at one node.
g)
Find average power delivered to the load
h)
Find power factor. Is it leading or lagging?
i)
Find sinusoidal expressions for currents and voltage
6

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Seneca College School of Information and Communications Technology

G VandeBelt 112

ECR255
Slide 7

Frequency Response of Parallel Elements

As the frequency increases, XL will increase
until it equals the impedance of the resistor R.

For frequencies less than 2 : XL < R. For

frequencies greater that 2 : XL > R.

The magnitude and angle of the total

impedance can now be found at any
frequency of interest by substituting the
following equations:
7

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Seneca College School of Information and Communications Technology

G VandeBelt 112

ECR255
Slide 8

Frequency Response of Parallel Elements

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