Practising a Healthy

Lifestyle

Effects of Drug Abuse

1) Stimulants
-) Drugs that increase the actions regulated by

the nervous system.

-) Increase heart rate, blood pressure and

breathing rate
-) Increase the release of neurotransmitters,

leading to the feeling of energetic

-) Examples: cocaine, nicotine, caffeine,

amphetamines
-) Long term effects: circulatory problem,

hallucinations and psychological depression.

Effects of Drug Abuse

2) Depressants
-

Drugs that slows down the activity of central

nervous system.

Slows down heart rate, blood pressure and

breathing rate

Examples: barbiturates, tranquillisers and

heroin

Long term effects: memory loss, inability to

concentrate, respiratory disease, lung cancer,
liver and brain damage, sleepiness, confusion,
blood and liver diseases, convulsions, coma
and death

Effects of Alcohol Abuse

on Humans
Alcohol is a depressant that slows
down the rate of CNS.
Slows down reflex, disrupt
coordination and impairs judgement.

Plant hormone
Chemical substance which is produced by
plant and influence the growth and
development of the plant.
Examples of plant hormones are auxins
and ethylene (ethene)

Role of Auxins in
Tropism

Auxins control the growth movement of shoots and roots in plants. Auxins
promotes elongation cells in the shoot and inhibit growth in the root.
Type of response where the direction of growth movement is determined by the
direction of stimulus is called tropism.

Tropism

Stimulus

Response

Region
sensitive to
stimulus

Phototropism

Direction of
light from one
side

Shoots bend
towards light
(Positive
phototropism)
Roots grow
away from light
(Negative
phototropism)

Geotropism

Force of gravity

Tips of shoot or
Shoots grow
upwards against root
the force of
gravity
(Negative
geotropism)

Ethylene (Ethene)
Plant hormone which is synthesized during
ripening of fruits
Speed up ripening of fruits by stimulating
the production of cellulase. Cellulase
hydrolyses cellulose in plant cell walls thus
making fruit soft. Also promotes the
breakdown of complex carbohydrates into
simpler sugar.
Parthenocarpy : produces seedless fruit