Professional Documents
Culture Documents
know - conocer
singer - cantante
fish - pez (plural - fish)
aquarium - acuario
far - lejos
neighborhood - vecindario
quiz - prueba
whale - ballena
shark - tiburn
mammal - mamfero
ostrich - avestruz
affectionate - carioso
playful - juguetn
protect - proteger
cuddle - abrazar
quiet - callado
cage - jaula
mouse - ratn (plural - mice)
guinea pig - conejillo de Indias; cobaya
male - varn, macho
female - hembra
hunt - cazar
chimpanzee - chimpanc
DNA - ADN (cido desoxirribonucleico)
percentage - porcentaje
same - mismo
breathe - respirar
stay - quedar
worship - adorar, venerar, reverenciar
ancient - antiguo
LECTURAS CORTAS
Introducing Yourself
Presentndose
Family
Familia
Work
Trabajo
work?
A3: She listens to customer complaints.
trabajo?
R3: Ella escucha las quejas de los clientes.
A New Home
y un bao.
At the Airport
En el Aeropuerto
Monday
Lunes
January
Enero
Tuesday
Martes
February
Febrero
Wednesday
Mircoles
March
Marzo
Thursday
Jueves
April
Abril
Friday
Viernes
May
Mayo
Saturday
Sbado
June
Junio
Sunday
Domingo
July
Julio
August
Agosto
September
Septiembre
October
Octubre
November
Noviembre
December
Diciembre
FECHAS EN INGLS
As es como se pregunta la fecha en ingls:
What's today's date?
Qu fecha es hoy?
Las siguientes son diferentes formas de
responder:
Today is May 25th - Hoy es mayo 25
Today is the 25th of May - Hoy es el 25 de
mayo
Expresiones comunes en ingls para hablar
de fechas:
Today
Hoy
Tomorrow
Maana
Pasado maana
Yesterday
Ayer
Anteayer
Weekday
Da entre semana
Weekend
Fin de semana
Holiday
Da festivo
Last week
La semana pasada
Next week
La prxima
semana
A month ago
Hace un mes
At the beginning of
this year
A comienzos de
este ao
Ejemplos:
I fell down the stairs at the beginning of
this year - Me ca en las escaleras a
comienzos de este ao
I have my english test today - Tengo mi
examen de ingls hoy
I'm staying home this weekend - Me voy
a quedar en casa este fin de semana
She plays tennis every tuesday
afternoon - Ella juega tenis todos los martes
por la tarde
Nota: Cuando se habla de un ao en
particular, es importante tener en cuenta la
Verbos invariables[editar]
Es decir, verbos cuyos tiempos en pasado son iguales al infinitivo.
INFINITIVO (put)
PRETRITO (put)
PARTICIPIO PASADO (put)
put: poner
put: puse
put: puesto
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
bet
bet
bet
apostar
burst
burst
burst
reventar, estallar
cost
cost
cost
costar
cut
cut
cut
cortar
fit
fit
fit
caber
hit
hit
hit
golpear
bid
bid
bid
pujar, pedir
cast
cast
cast
fundir, arrojar
forecast
forecast
forecast
prever, pronosticar
hurt
hurt
hurt
daar, doler
knit
knit
knit
tejer
let
let
let
dejar, permitir
put
put
put
poner
read
read
read
leer
shut
shut
shut
cerrar
spread
spread
spread
esparcir, extender
outbid
outbid
outbid
mejorar, pujar
overbid
overbid
overbid
quit
quit
quit
abandonar, dejar
set
set
set
situar, fijar
shed
shed
shed
shread
shread
shread
slit
slit
slit
desgarrar, rajar
split
split
split
sweat
sweat
sweat
sudar
underbid
underbid
underbid
upset
upset
upset
volcar, trastornar
Verbos invariables en el pasado
Es decir, verbos cuyos tiempos en pasado y participio son iguales y diferente al infinitvo.
INFINITIVO (bring)
PRETRITO (brought)
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
bend
bent
bent
build
built
built
edificar,construir
burn
burnt
burnt
quemar,arder
creep
crept
crept
arrastrarse, gatear
deal
dealt
dealt
traficar
dream
dreamt
dreamt
soar
dwell
dwelt
dwelt
habitar, residir
lean
leant
leant
apoyarse
leap
leapt
leapt
saltar
learn
learnt
learnt
aprender
lend
lent
lent
prestar
lose
lost
lost
perder
mean
meant
meant
rend
rent
rent
rasgar
send
sent
sent
enviar
smell
smelt
smelt
oler
spell
spelt
spelt
deletrear
spend
spent
spent
gastar
spill
spilt
spilt
derramar, verter
unbend
unbent
unbent
aflojar, enderezar
Dentro de este mismo grupo pueden incluirse algunos verbos que aaden t para formar el
pretrito y el participio pasado, pero que, adems, modifican su vocal tnica (aquella en la que
recae el acento al pronunciarla). Entre estos verbos figuran los siguientes:
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
feel
felt
felt
palpar, sentir
keep
kept
kept
guardar, mantener
knell
knelt
knelt
arrodillarse
leave
left
left
dejar, partir
meet
met
met
encontrar
sleep
slept
slept
dormir
sweep
swept
swept
barrer
weep
wept
wept
llorar
Pueden incluirse en este grupo algunos verbos que como excepcin y adems de modificar su
vocal tnica, forman el pasado terminando en d en lugar de t, como los siguientes:
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
bleed
bled
bled
sangrar
feed
fed
fed
alimentar, pacer
flee
fled
fled
hur
hear
heard
heard
or
lead
led
led
conducir, guiar
breed
bred
bred
mislead
misled
misled
slide
slid
slid
resbalar, deslizarse
speed
sped
sped
acelerar
Verbos totalmente diferentes
Es decir, verbos cuyo infinitivo, pretrito y participio pasado se escribe y pronuncia de distinta
forma.
INFINITIVO (break)
PRETRITO (broke)
PARTICIPIO PASADO (broken)
break: romper
broke: romp
broken: roto
Verbos que forman el pretrito con ED y el participio pasado con N
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
mow
mowed
mown
segar
saw
sawed
sawn
serruchar
sew
sewed
sewn
coser
show
showed
shown
mostrar, ensear
sow
sowed
sown
sembrar
strew
strewed
strewn
esparcir
Verbos que forman el pretrito cambiando la vocal tnica y aadiendo N al participio pasado
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
shake
shook
shaken
agitar, estremecerse
take
took
taken
tomar, coger
choose
chose
chosen
elegir
drive
drove
driven
conducir
ride
rode
ridden
cabalgar, montar
stride
strode
stridden
andar a zancadas
write
wrote
written
escribir
give
gave
given
dar
grow
grew
grown
crecer, cultivar
know
knew
known
saber, conocer
rise
rose
risen
blow
blew
blown
soplar
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
throw
threw
trown
tirar
see
saw
seen
ver
bite
bit
bitten
morder
hide
hid
hidden
esconder
draw
drew
drawn
forsake
forsook
forsaken
abandonar
overtake
overtook
overtaken
partake
partook
partaken
participar
undertake
undertook
undertaken
emprender
arise
arose
arisen
surgir
overdrive
overdrove
overdriven
excitar, apresurarse
bestride
bestrode
bestridden
montar a horcajadas.
override
overrode
overriden
smite
smote
smitten
asolar, golpear
strive
strove
striven
esforzarse, disputar
thrive
throve
thriven
medrar, prosperar
fogive
forgave
forgiven
perdonar
misgive
misgave
misgiven
overthrow
overthrew
overtrhrown
volcar, vencer
slay
slew
slain
matar, asesinar
foresee
foresaw
foreseen
prever
chide
chid
chidden
reir, regaar
overdraw
overdrew
overdrawn
withdraw
withdrew
withdrawn
retirar
Incluiremos en esta clasificacin aquellos verbos que modifican su vocal tnica en el pretrito y
aaden "en" al infinitivo para formar su participio pasado. Son estos:
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
eat
ate
eaten
comer
forbid
forbade
forbidden
prohibir
befall
befell
befallen
acaecer
Verbos que forman el pretrito cambiando la vocal tnica y aaden al mismo "en" para formar el
participio pasado
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
break
broke
broken
romper
forget
forgot
forgotten
olvidar
freeze
froze
frozen
helar
speak
spoke
spoken
hablar
steal
stole
stolen
hurtar, robar
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
weave
wove
woven
tejer, trenzar
wake
woke
woken
despertar
fall
fell
fallen
caer
beat
beat
beatten
golpear
beget
begot
begotten
engendrar
bespeak
bespoke
bespoken
apalabrar, encomendar
browbeat
browbeat
browbeaten
intimidar
Verbos que solo aaden "n" para formar el participio pasado:
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
lie
lay
lain
swear
swore
sworn
jurar
tear
tore
torn
despedazar, desgarrar
wear
wore
worn
shear
shore
shorn
esquilar
forswear
forswore
forsworn
Verbos que aaden NE para formar el participio pasado
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
forbear
forbore
forborne
abstenerse, aguantar
do
did
done
hacer
go
went
gone
ir
bear
bore
borne
llevar, soportar
forego
forewent
foregone
outdo
outdid
outdone
sobrepasar, exceder
outgo
outwent
outgone
overdo
overdid
overdone
underdo
underdid
underdone
undergo
underwent
undergone
undo
undid
undone
deshacer
Aadiremos a esta clasificacin tres verbos que nicamente modifican la vocal tnica en el
prterito siendo el participio pasado igual a su infinitivo.
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
come
came
come
venir
become
became
become
overcome
overcame
overcome
vencer, triunfar
Verbos con los tres tiempos totalmente distintos Estos verbos nicamente cambian su vocal
tnica por a para el pretrito y u para el participio pasado.
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
begin
began
begun
empezar
drink
drank
drunk
beber
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
ring
rang
rung
sonar
run
ran
run
correr
shrink
shrank
shrunk
encogerse
sing
sang
sung
cantar
sink
sank
sunk
hundirse
spring
sprang
sprung
saltar, brotar
stink
stank
stunk
apestar
swim
swam
swum
nadar
outrun
outrun
outran
Verbos irregulares inclasificables
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
be
was/were
been
ser, estar
swell
swelled
swollen
hinchar, aumentar
fly
flew
flown
volar
trodden
pisar, hollar
tread
trod
Lista de verbos irregulares del ingles
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
Abide
Abode
Abode
Habitar, Soportar
Arise
Arose
Arisen
despertar
Awake
Awoke
Awaken
levantar
Be
Was/were
Been
Ser o Estar
Bear
Bore
Bore/Born
Beat
Beat
Beaten
Golpear
Become
Became
Become
Llegar o Ser
Begin
Began
Begun
Empezar
Bend
Bent
Bent
Doblar
Bereave
Bereft/Bereaved
Bereft/Bereaved
Privar
Beseech
Besought
Besought
Suplicar (literario)
Bet
Bet
Bet
Apostar
Bid
Babde
Bidden
Decir, rogar
Bid
Bid
Bid
Pujar, Ofertar
Bind
Bound
Bound
Atar/Unir
Bite
Bit
Bitten
Morder
Bleed
Bled
Bled
Sangrar
Blow
Blew
Blown
Soplar
Break
Broke
Broken
Romper
Bring
Brought
Brought
Traer
Build
Built
Built
Construir
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
Burn
Burnt/Burned
Burnt/Burned
Quemar
Burst
Burst
Burst
Estallar
Buy
Bought
Bought
Comprar
Cast
Cast
Cast
Tirar
Catch
Caught
Caught
Coger o Agarrar
Chide
Chid
Chidden/chid
Reprender
Choose
Chose
Chosen
Elegir
Cleave
Cleft
kleft
Hender
Cling
Clung
Clung
Adherirse
Come
Came
Come
Venir
Cost
Cost
Cost
Costar
Creep
Crept
Crept
Arrastrarse
Cut
Cut
Cut
Cortar
Deal
Dealt
Dealt
Tratar
Dig
Dug
Dug
Cavar
Dive
Dove
Dived
Sumergirse, zambullirse
Do
Did
Done
Hacer
Draw
Drew
Drawn
Dibujar
Dream
Dreamt/Dreamed
Deamt/Dreamed
Soar
Drink
Drank
Drunk
Beber
Drive
Drove
Driven
Conducir
Dwell
Dwelt
Dwelt
Residir
Eat
Ate
Eaten
Comer
Fall
Fell
Fallen
Caerse
Feed
Fed
Fed
Alimentar
Feel
Felt
Felt
Sentir
Fight
Fought
Fought
Luchar
Find
Found
Found
Encontrar
Flee
Fled
Fled
Huir
Fling
Flung
Flung
Lanzar
Fly
Flew
Flown
Volar
Forbid
Forbad/Forbade
Forbidden
Prohibir
Forget
Forgot
Forgotten
Olvidar
Forgive
Forgave
Forgiven
Perdonar
Freeze
Froze
Frozen
Congelar
Get
Got
Gotten
Conseguir
Give
Gave
Given
Dar
Go
Went
Gone
Ir
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
Grind
Ground
Ground
Moler, triturar
Grow
Grew
Grown
Crecer
Hang
Hung
Hung
Colgar
Have
Had
Had
Tener
Hear
Heard
Heard
Oir
Hew
Hewed
Hewn
Hide
Hid
Hidden
Esconder
Hit
Hit
Hit
Golpear
Hold
Held
Held
Sujetar
Hurt
Hurt
Hurt
Herir
Keep
Kept
Kept
Guardar, mantener
Kneel
Knelt
Knelt
Arrodillarse
Knit
Knit
Knit
Hacer Punto
Know
Knew
Known
Saber o Conocer
Lade
Laded
Laden
Lay
Laid
Laid
Poner o Extender
Lead
Led
Led
Dirigir
Lead
Led
Led
Guiar
Lean
Leant
Leant
Apoyar(se)
Leap
Leapt
Leapt
Saltar
Learn
Learnt
Learnt
Aprender
Leave
Left
Left
Dejar o Abandonar
Lend
Lent
Lent
Prestar
Let
Let
Let
Permitir
Lie
Lay
Lain
Tumbarse
Lie
Lied
Lied
Mentir
Light
Lit
Lit
Iluminar
Lose
Lost
Lost
Perder
Make
Made
Made
Mean
Meant
Meant
Significar
Meet
Met
Met
Melt
Melted
Molten/Melted
Derretir (metales)
Mow
Mowed
Mown
Segar
Pay
Paid
Paid
Pagar
Put
Put
Put
Poner
Quit
Quit
Quit
Dejar, irse
Read
Read
Read
Leer
Rend
Rent
Rent
Partir, despedazar
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
Rid
Rid
Rid
Librar
Ride
Rode
Ridden
Montar
Ring
Rang
Rung
Rise
Rose
Risen
Elevar o Alzarse
Run
Ran
Run
Correr
Saw
Sawed
Sawn
(a)serrar
Say
Said
Said
Decir
See
Saw
Seen
Ver
Seek
Sought
Sought
Buscar
Sell
Sold
Sold
Vender
Send
Sent
Sent
Enviar
Set
Set
Set
Colocar
Sew
Sewed
Sewn
Coser
Shake
Shook
Shaken
Sacudir, agitar
Shear
Shore
Shorn
Esquilar
Shed
Shed
Shed
Brillar
Shine
Shone
Shone
Brillar
Shoe
Shod
Shod
Herrar
Shoot
Shot
Shot
Disparar
Show
Showed
Shown
Mostrar
Shrink
Shrank
Shrunk/Shrunken
encoger rehuir
Shut
Shut
Shut
cerrar
Sing
Sang
Sung
Cantar
Sink
Sank
Sunk
Hundir(se)
Sit
Sat
Sat
Sentarse
Slay
Slew
Slain
Matar(literario)
Sleep
Slept
Slept
Dormir
Slide
Slid
Slid
Deslizarse, resbalar
Sling
Slung
Slung
Slink
Slunk
Slunk
Escabullirse
Slit
Slit
Slit
Rajar
Smell
Smelt
Smelt
Oler
Smite
Smote
Smitten
Golpear
Sow
Sowed
Sown
Sembrar
Speak
Spoke
Spoken
Hablar
Speed
Sped
Sped
Acelerar
Spell
Spelt
Spelt
Deletrear
Spend
Spent
Spent
Gastar o Emplear
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
Spill
Spilt
Spilt
Derramar
Spin
Spun
Spun
Hilar,girar
Spit
Spat
Spat
Escupir
Split
Split
Split
Partir,Hender
Spoil
Spoilt
Spoilt
Estropear, mimar
Spread
Spread
Spread
Esparcir
Spring
Sprang
Sprung
Brotar, saltar
Stand
Stood
Stood
Steal
Stole
Stolen
Robar
Stick
Stuck
Stuck
Pejar, fijar
Sting
Stung
Stung
Picar
Stink
Stank
Stunk
Apestar
Strew
Strewed
Strewn
Esparcir, rociar
Stride
Strode
Stridden
Andar a zancadas
Strike
Struck
Struck/Striken
Golpear, atacar
String
Strung
Strung
Strive
Strove
Striven
Esforzarse, ingenirselas
Swear
Swore
Sworn
Jurar
Sweep
Swept
Swept
Barrer
Swell
Swelled
Swollen/swelled
Hincharse
Swim
Swam
Swum
Nadar
Swing
Swung
Swung
Balancearse
Take
Took
Taken
Coger, llevar
Teach
Taught
Taught
Ensear
Tear
Tore
Torn
Rasgar
Tell
Told
Told
Contar
Think
Thought
Thought
Pensar
Thive
Throve
Thriven
Florecer, prosperar
Throw
Threw
Thrown
Thrust
Thrust
Thrust
Tread
Trod
Trodden
Pisar
Understand
Understood
Understood
Entender
Wake
Woke
Woken
Despertarse
Wear
Wore
Worn
Llevar puesto
Weave
Wove
Woven
Tejer
Weep
Wept
Wept
Sollozar
Win
Won
Won
Ganar
Wind
Wound
Wound
Infinitivo
Pasado
Participio
Espaol
Wring
Wrung
Wrung
Retorcer
Write
Wrote
Written
Escribir
DESCRIBIENDO EDIFICIOS
bakery (bikeri) - panadera
barber's (brbers) - barbera
bookstore (bkstor) - librera
butcher's (bchers) - carnicera
cake shop (kik shop) - pastelera
candy store (kndi stor) - tienda de
golosinas
children's wear (chldrens ur) - ropa de
nio
clothing store (kluding stor) - tienda de
ropas
coffee shop (kfi shop) - cafetera
confectioner's (konfkshoners) - pastelera
dairy store (dri stor) - lechera
delicatessen (dlikatesen) - fiambrera
drugstore (drgstor) - farmacia
dry cleaner's (dri-kliners) - tintorera
estate agency (estit idchensi) - agencia
inmobiliaria
fishmonger's (fshmonguers) - pescadera
florist's (flrists) - floristera
fruit shop (frt shop) - frutera
furniture store (frnicher stor) - mueblera
gas station (gs stishon) - gasolinera
greengrocer's (gringrousers) - verdulera
grocery store (gruseri stor) - almacn
hairdresser's (herdrsers) - peluquera
hardware shop (hrduer shop) - ferretera
herbalist's shop (hrbalists shop) herboristera
ice-cream parlour (iskrim prlor) heladera
ironmonger's (ironmonguers) - ferretera
jeweller's (dchelers) - joyera
jewellery store (dchelri stor) - joyera
kiosk (kosk) - quiosco
ladies' wear (lidis ur) - ropa de seora
laundromat (lndromat) - lavandera
automtica
Preposicion
es
A Tener en
cuenta
Significad
Momento
o
La preposicin depende del medio de transporte
To get +
Subir a
preposicin
Excepcin
To go on Board =
Embarcarse
To go + preposicin Ir en
To get off the +
transporte
On, Onto
By
Ejemplo