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194

. .: XVIII . (17341775).
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/ SUMMARY
, ,

. 40
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, II , 1762. .
, 1775, .

In the regions between the river Dnjeper and Sinjuha, by decree of empress Jelisaveta Petrovna, general Jovan Horvat set the foundations of New Serbia and became its
commander with headquarters in Novomirgorod. On that location 40 border-guard settlements were built with about thirty thousand Serbs. Most of the settlements were named
after the ones in their homeland. By the consent of the Russian empress, Horvat built the
foundation of the fortress St. Jelisaveta. According to the order of the court he formed
the Macedonian and the Bulgarian regiment which commanding staff, as well as the
majority of soldiers, were Serbs.
In their new homeland Horvat tried to establish Serbian schools, build churches

195

and monasteries and to found an eparchy. With this aim, he brought priests, teachers,
zealous cultural activists and painters.
In the New Serbian corpus founded in 1759 that united the regiments under his
command, Horvat saw the possibility for the formation of the Serbian national core on
the territory of the Russian Empire. He formed and was the head of the executive power
with departments for military affairs, foreign affairs, economy and finances. He established the Supreme Court.
The court alleged him for abusing his position and corruption, thus by decree of
Katarina II he was dismissed in 1762 and expelled to Vologda. By the support of Petar
Tekelija, Horvat was set free in 1775 and he died five years later.